JPH07261767A - Sound adjusting material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make contribution to an improvement in sound quality and the input and output functions of acoustic apparatus including musical instruments, such as speaker, receiver, resonance box body and microphone, by disposing this sound adjusting material near a vibrator of the sound apparatus for which reflection and absorption of sounds are considered and adjusting the disturbance in the sounds according to input and output of the sounds. CONSTITUTION:This sound absorbing material is disposed near the vibrator for which the reflection and absorption of the sounds are considered together with vibrations. The material described above is constituted by laminating a thin-film member 1, a paper-like fiber sheet member 2 and a porous member or elastic member 3 and packaging or enclosing this laminate with a sound wave transmissive member 4 consisting of an air permeable blank. The thin-film member 1 is formed by forming the films of metals and/or resins in single layer or multiple layers and its shape is maintained in tight contact with the fiber sheet member 2. The laminated layer array from the vibrator side of the sectional structure has at least an array consisting of the thin-film member 1, the fiber sheet member 2, the porous member or elastic member 3, the fiber sheet 2 and the thin-film member 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a speaker, a receiver,
The present invention relates to an acoustic adjusting material installed in an acoustic device including a musical instrument such as a resonance box and a microphone, and is particularly provided in the vicinity of a vibrating body in which sound reflection or absorption in a sounding body or a sound collecting body is taken into consideration. The present invention relates to an acoustic adjustment material for adjusting acoustical disturbance associated with output.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been an acoustic device including musical instruments such as a speaker, a receiver, a resonance box, and a microphone, which is provided with a sponge or a non-woven fabric near a sound source. Figure 9
Although a conventional example in which a non-woven fabric is attached to headphones is shown in the figure, a non-woven fabric (29, 29) having a circular or donut shape is generally attached behind the diaphragm (69) as shown in the figure. It is also known that the non-woven fabric (29) on the front side is removed and urethane or the like is inserted into the ventilation hole of the magnet part. (Not shown)

This kind of member takes into consideration reflection, absorption, and vibration (vibration) of sound for the time being, but the structure of the equipment and the environment of use (in particular, the medium space is referred to as the sound field) causes sound waves. Since it is complicated and difficult to analyze the behavior accurately, even if some effect is achieved, it is only a trial and error proposal as a setting material, and a typical member configuration is disclosed to show its effectiveness. I couldn't identify it.

[0004] In terms of adjusting the sound field, a listening room, a performance hall, a theater, etc. are recalled, but the sound field having such a large space structure is adjusted (tuning).
It is large-scale and complicated and cannot be achieved simply by arranging the setting material (acoustic adjusting member).

By the way, sound is a wave of a medium (usually air), and a vibrating body as a sound source must be present. In general, sound waves can be thought of as longitudinal and plane waves in a fluid. When a longitudinal wave propagates in an ideal gas, the density of each part changes due to the vibration of gas molecules, but it can be said that the density of each part of this gas changes adiabatically. Hereinafter, sound and sound wave are used synonymously.

Based on these properties, a sound has three elements of loudness, pitch and timbre, and each can be treated numerically. That is, sound velocity, sound pressure, sound intensity, sound volume,
Handling of sound reflection, sound transmission (absorption), etc.

Therefore, in the above-mentioned acoustic device as a device for producing a sound (generally, not a pure tone but a complex tone), the acoustic adjusting material utilizes the characteristics of the vibrating body (sound source) intervening in the input and output of the sound, and It is positioned as one of the setting materials that maximizes the performance and suppresses the deterioration of the sound quality (timbre, for example) that is an element of hearing. One of the verification means is an instrumental means of taking a sound spectrum.

[0008]

However, it can be said from the experience that adjustment of the sponge, non-woven fabric, etc. of a conventional example can be performed in consideration of reflection / absorption of sound (adjustment of disturbance) while accepting vibration. There wasn't. In other words, it was limited to sound absorption and damping, and that was the main purpose.

In the case of audio equipment (headphones and speakers) that has a strong demand for this kind of adjustment,
We could not find any satisfactory adjusting material that could improve the sound quality such as sound resolution, frequency characteristics, and transient characteristics at the time of output.

The problem of this acoustic adjustment (so-called sound treatment or sound adjustment) on a personal scale is to solve the problem of sensitivity to sounds that are common to those who create and supply sounds and those who appreciate (play) them. This is also a problem, and it is considered that it is based on a request to adjust so-called sound disturbance and obtain or reproduce a desired musical sound. And here, at least the adjustment means (setting material), which is the premise, is provided to the market (commercially available).
There is an expectation that it will be easily available.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances and adjusts the wave motion of a medium by participating in reflection and absorption of sound while accepting vibration in the vicinity of a sounding body and a sound collecting body (sound treatment). Or sound tuning), and to provide an acoustic adjusting material that exhibits a more excellent sound tuning effect.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preventing acoustic disturbance in an acoustic device having a vibrating body that intervenes in the input and output of sound to form a sounding body or a sound collecting body. An acoustic adjusting material for adjustment, which is provided in the vicinity of a vibrating body in which reflection and absorption of sound together with vibration are considered, and includes a thin film member, a paper-like fiber sheet member, and a porous member or an elastic member. In addition to being laminated, the laminated body is packaged or surrounded by a sound wave transmitting member made of a breathable material.

Here, the thin film member is formed by depositing a metal and / or a resin in a single layer or a multi-layer, and is held in shape by closely adhering to the fiber sheet member, and the laminate is at least from the vibrating body side. It has a cross-sectional structure in which the thin film member, the fiber sheet member, the porous member or the elastic member, the fiber sheet member, and the thin film member are arranged in this order.

The stacking sequence from the vibrating body side is, for example,
When the thin film member is A, the fiber sheet member is B, the porous member or the elastic member is C, and the sound wave transmitting member made of a gas permeable material is D, DAB is sequentially arranged from the nearest vicinity of the vibrating body in the minimum lamination unit.
It is a (cross-sectional) structure having each layer of CBAD. here,
When the thin film member (A above) has a multi-layer structure, the laminated structure (permutation) in the film formation can be specified. (This example will be described later.)

In the embodiment, the acoustic adjusting material of the present invention is formed into a sphere or a spindle, and the stacking sequence from the entire circumference to the center is the same (an example will be described later). The above-mentioned indispensable element may be paraphrased so long as the stacking permutation in the cross-sectional structure includes the permutation (D) ABCBA (D) along the sound propagation direction as the minimum stacking unit.

[0016]

The metal and / or resin thin film member receives the sound incident from the front surface and behaves as at least a reflection plate and a vibration plate. The paper-like fiber sheet member and the porous member (elastic member) provided in close contact therewith. ) Absorbs vibration.

Therefore, in terms of the functions, the thin film members are mainly the reflection / vibration members, the fiber sheet members are the shape-retaining / vibration members, and the porous members are the porous members. The (elastic member) is mainly a sound absorbing / buffering member. The sound is adjusted by being involved in the behavior of sound such as reflection and energy absorption in the entire laminated body.

[0018]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The acoustic adjusting material of the present invention is provided in the vicinity of a vibrating body in which reflection and absorption of sound together with vibration are considered, and the cross section or outer shape of the mat-shaped, donut-shaped, cone-shaped, spherical or spindle-shaped shape has an appropriate shape. It is configured as a single material (single unit) in which a laminated body is packaged.

Acoustic equipment which can be equipped with this is typically a speaker including headphones, a receiver, a resonance box, a microphone, etc., and has a general structure in the vicinity of a vibrating body in which reflection and absorption of sound are considered. In addition, there is a space in which the present acoustic adjustment material can be mounted. Note that string instruments, pianos, and other musical instruments are also within the scope of consideration.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a member structure for explaining the laminated structure of the acoustic control material of the present invention, in which 1 is a thin film member (A) and 2 is a thin film member (A).
Is a fiber sheet member (B), 3 is a porous member or an elastic member (C), 4 is a sound wave transmitting member (D), and X is an acoustic adjusting material.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view when the acoustic control material of the present invention is formed into a sphere or a spindle. Each member is a closed layer (loop), and the stacking order from the entire circumference to the center is the same. It is the one. Further, since the acoustic adjusting material of the present invention has a certain degree of plasticity, for example, the spherical structure shown in FIG. 2 is crushed and transformed into a general spindle (indicated by a dotted arrow in the figure), etc. It can also be used by adapting to the shape of. 1 and 2, the same members are designated by the same reference numerals.

As for the constitution of the laminated body, the thin film member (1) is a foil or film of metal and / or synthetic resin, and is constituted by a single layer or a multilayer. Aluminum for this material,
It is selected from pure metals such as copper and gold, alloys, composite materials (metal base or resin base), and includes various combinations in layer formation (film formation). Here, appropriate material design may be performed such as introducing a known stacking / film forming technique to deposit gold on an aluminum foil, forming a metal film in multiple layers on a resin film (substrate), and the like.

Then, the paper-like fibrous sheet member (2) adhered to the thin film member (1) is a fibrous material such as nonwoven fabric, and the porous member or the elastic member (3) is at least urethane,
The sponge-like material or porous material selected from down, cotton, felt, or the like or an elastic body such as a balloon or an air cushion, and the sound wave transmitting member (4) is a breathable cloth material such as dungaree cloth.

(Example 1) A sound adjusting material mounted on headphones of an audio device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the headphones, in which 5 is an ear pad, 6 is a diaphragm, and 7 is a diaphragm.
Is a baffle plate, 8 is a ventilation hole, 9 is a back housing, 10 is a back cavity, 11 is an aluminum foil (A), 21 is a non-woven fabric (B), 22 is a reinforcing rib (groove), 31 is a resin sponge (C). ) And 41 are cloth packages (D) of dungaree cloth.

As shown in the figure, the acoustic adjusting material (X) of the present invention.
Is to be filled and mounted in the back cavity (10) and brought close to the back of the baffle plate (7). Here, the stacking sequence including the cloth package is the diaphragm (6) which is the front surface of the adjusting material which receives the sound (echo), that is, the vibrating body.
From the side, a cloth package (41), an aluminum foil (11), a nonwoven fabric (21), a resin sponge (31), a nonwoven fabric (21), an aluminum foil (11), and a cloth package (41). The above-mentioned symbols are DABCBAD in sequence.

Further, the non-woven fabric (21) which is in close contact with the aluminum foil (11) has a reinforcing rib groove (22) and is formed into a substantially cone shape, and constitutes the reflection / vibration surface.
It is a damping member that also serves as a shape-retaining member. Here, the adhesion may be usually sticking or adhesion, but is not limited to this.

Therefore, the verification of the acoustic adjustment effect in this embodiment was executed in the following manner. Headphones (one side) were set in an ear simulator (commonly referred to as a C coupler), and the adjustment state (sound pressure-frequency characteristic) of the reproduced sound of the device equipped with the present invention and the conventional device was measured. Here, white noise was input to the headphones as a test sound source, and the output signal was input and displayed from the ear simulator to the analyzer via the microphone and power supply unit.
(The equipment configuration for measurement is omitted.) A part of this data plot is shown in FIG. In the figure, (A) is the case of the machine equipped with the present invention and (B) is the case of the conventional machine.

Here, at least the following points are evaluated by comparing the data plots (results). 1. The sound pressure level of the machine equipped with the present invention is higher in the middle and low ranges, which indicates that the function related to the volume of sound (efficiency in terms of equipment) is improved. 2. The machine equipped with the present invention is closer to flat in the low to middle range of the reproduction range (frequency), the peak is suppressed, and more excellent frequency characteristics are obtained. 3. It can be said that the machine equipped with the present invention maintains the level up to a frequency lower than that of the conventional machine, and the reproduction range of low-pitched sound is extended.

Further, when each headphone used for the measurement was attached and a listening test (10 listeners) and a questionnaire survey were conducted and the answers were collected, the sound quality of the machine equipped with the present invention was obviously improved. I got good results with. It should be noted that, although it is confirmed in the questionnaire results that the frequency characteristics in the high frequency range, which are not shown in the above data plot, are thought to be due to the deficiency in the test environment. Is relatively easy and will be revisited soon.

For reference, the questionnaire items are listed below. The answer was (Yes / No / I don't know). <1> Do you feel that the sound image is localized in a wider area and the sound field expands? <2> Do you feel that the volume in the low range has increased? <3> Do you feel that the low frequencies have extended to the lower end in terms of hearing? <4> Do you feel that the damping feeling in the low range has improved? <5> Do you feel that the transparency in the middle and high frequencies has improved and the resolution has also improved? <6> Do you feel that the distortion in the mid and high frequencies has decreased and the delicacy has increased? <7> In terms of hearing, do you feel that the high frequencies have expanded to higher frequencies and the harmonic content has increased? <8> Do you feel that the transient characteristics have improved over the entire band? <9> Do you feel as if a small signal increased over the entire band in terms of hearing? Also, do you feel the peak characteristics are suppressed and the characteristics are flat? <10> Despite the fact that the headphones are closed-type, do you feel little blockage and can you feel the sound release and sound release like the open type? <11> Do you feel that the efficiency, input resistance, and dynamic range have increased in terms of hearing?

As described above, the acoustic adjusting material (X) of the present invention is
Instead of the setting material found in conventional examples such as non-woven fabric, it is mounted in the space (back cavity) of the headphone by filling it, and is mainly involved in reflection and absorption of the sound accompanying the vibration of the diaphragm (6), and acoustic adjustment It is effective.

(Embodiment 2) Further, an acoustic adjusting material mounted on a speaker unit according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view when the speaker unit is mounted on the rear housing, in which 12 is an aluminum foil (A), 23 is a non-woven fabric (B), 32 is urethane (C), and 42 is a cloth package (D). Is.

As shown in the drawing, the cone-shaped acoustic adjusting material (X) of the present invention is attached to the rear housing of the speaker unit to adjust the reflection and absorption of sound and the sound pressure (back pressure) on the rear surface. ing. In particular, this may be applied to a flat baffle type speaker or an open rear type speaker.

Further, in the case of having a substantially hermetically-sealed enclosure including a bass reflex type, one having an appropriate external mat shape or the like is formed at a corner in the internal space or a portion where the sound pressure is expected to directly increase. It suffices to equip the lining in a manner.

FIG. 6 shows schematic cross-sectional views (a) to (d) attached to these various types of speakers. In the figure, each hatched portion is the acoustic adjusting material (X) of the present invention.

This method can be similarly applied to musical instruments such as a guitar and an upright piano. FIG. 7 shows a mounting example of an upright piano. The dipole type flat speaker is placed close to or close to the back surface of the flat speaker.

(Embodiment 3) An acoustic adjusting material mounted on a sound collecting device, which is another preferred embodiment of the present invention, will be described below. FIG. 8 shows the optimum stereo signal (hereinafter, OS
Abbreviated as S. ) A schematic cross-sectional view showing a mounting example in an OSS recording configuration using a recording device, for example, a Jecklin disk, in which mat-shaped acoustic control material (X) of the present invention is mounted on both sides of the disk. It is a thing.

As described in the above embodiments, in addition to the equipment for audio equipment and musical instruments in various speaker systems and recording systems, the acoustic adjusting material of the present invention has various uses, such as televisions, radio cassettes, and telephones. As a setting material for improving the function of inputting / outputting sound or wave, such as voice communication equipment, mounting on medical and industrial equipment having an oscillator such as an ultrasonic generator, various sounding bodies,
It is applicable to a structure (device) including a sound collector or an oscillator as a constituent element.

For this reason, it may be considered to use it as a lining of walls, floors and ceilings including windows in a room for vehicles such as vehicles and airplanes which appear as a comparatively small sound field, and a small listening room. .

[0040]

According to the present invention, which is configured as described above, it is mounted on an acoustic device to adjust the sound by participating in the behavior of reflection and absorption of the sound in the vicinity of the vibrating body to adjust the sound. It produces a so-called sound treatment effect that brings about an improvement in sound quality that can be clearly recognized.

Further, the acoustic adjusting material of the present invention can be independently provided as parts for various audio equipments, has a wide range of uses, and can be mass-produced. Therefore, it can be said that industrial contribution is extremely large.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a member configuration for explaining a laminated structure of an acoustic adjusting material of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view when the acoustic control material of the present invention is formed into a sphere or a spindle.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration in which the acoustic adjusting material of the present invention is attached to the back cavity of the headphones which is an example.

FIG. 4 is a data plot of sound pressure vs. frequency obtained by comparing and verifying the reproduction range (characteristics) of headphones equipped with the acoustic adjustment material of the present invention (equipped with the present invention) and a conventional device. In the figure, (A) is a machine equipped with the present invention and (B) is a conventional machine.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration in which the acoustic adjusting material of the present invention is mounted on the rear housing of a speaker unit which is another embodiment.

6 (a) to 6 (c) show examples in which the acoustic adjusting material of the present invention is mounted in these various types of speaker systems.
It is each sectional schematic diagram of (d).

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing an example of attachment to an upright piano.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of mounting in an OSS recording configuration which is another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of headphones as a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 thin film member (A) 2 fiber sheet member (B) 3 porous member or elastic member (C) 4 sound wave transmitting member (D) X acoustic adjustment material 5 ear pad 6 diaphragm 7 baffle plate 8 vent hole 9 rear housing 10 back Cavity 11 Aluminum foil (A) 21 Non-woven fabric (B) 22 Reinforcing ribs (grooves) 31 Resin sponge (C) 41 Dungaree fabric cloth package (D) 12 Aluminum foil (A) 23 Non-woven fabric (B) 32 Urethane ( C) 42 Fabric packaging (D) 29 Non-woven fabric 69 Diaphragm

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kosuke Suzawa 1-4-12-8, Nagatsuka, Asanan-ku, Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A setting material for an audio device, which comprises a sounding body or a sound collecting body, having a vibrating body interposed between input and output of sound, for adjusting acoustic disturbance due to input and output of sound. An acoustic adjustment material, which is provided in the vicinity of a vibrating body in which reflection or absorption of sound is considered together with vibration, and a thin film member, a paper-like fiber sheet member, and a porous member or an elastic member are laminated, An acoustic adjusting material, characterized in that the laminated body is packaged or surrounded by a sound wave transmitting member made of a breathable material. 2. The thin film member is formed by depositing a metal and / or resin in a single layer or multiple layers, and is held in shape by closely adhering to a fiber sheet member, and a permutation sequence from the vibrating body side in a sectional structure is provided. Is at least a thin film member, a fiber sheet member, a porous member or an elastic member, a fiber sheet member,
The acoustic adjusting material according to claim 1, which has a permutation of thin film members.