JPH07261183A - Liquid crystal display element - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a liquid crystal display element with which the height of a space to be packed with liquid crystals is uniformly held and a prescribed liquid crystal layer thickness is assured without unequalness and which has a good display quality. CONSTITUTION:This liquid crystal display element 21 is constituted by applying a sealing material 31 containing in-sealing-material spacers 32 on the peripheral parts of glass substrates 22 and 77 disposed to face each other exclusive of a liquid crystal injection port 33 and sticking the glass substrates to each other. Counter electrode pattern for driving the liquid crystal is formed in the inside region of the sealing material 31. Color filter layers 32 are formed in correspondence to the positions of respective pixels. The color filter layers 23 are formed at the liquid crystal injection port 33 as well. A top coating layer 24, electrode patterns, oriented film, etc., are successively formed thereon. The spacers 30 are uniformly sprayed in the regions to be packed with the liquid crystals from the inner side of the sealing material 31 toward the liquid crystal injection port 33 part, thereby, the prescribed gap is uniformly maintained. As a result, the display quality of the liquid crystal display element is improved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device in which a gap between two substrates arranged opposite to each other is kept constant via a gap material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the progress of miniaturization and portability due to the development of electronic devices, a liquid crystal display (LCD) has been replaced with a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) as a display for displaying character data and image data. Is becoming popular.

The initial liquid crystal display device was capable of only black and white binary display, but gradation display was possible, and a color liquid crystal display device capable of full color display was developed by using a color filter. There is.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the structure of a liquid crystal display element in a conventional color liquid crystal display device, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 4, and FIG. BB '
It is a line sectional view.

For example, in a conventional color liquid crystal display device, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a color filter layer 3 is formed on one transparent substrate 2 of a pair of transparent substrates, and a color filter layer 3 is formed thereon. A top coat layer 4 is formed to improve the flatness of the filter layer 3 and to protect the color filter layer 3 when an indium oxide film (ITO: Indium Tin Oxide) is formed. Further, an electrode pattern (here, a scanning electrode pattern) 5 is formed on the top coat layer 4, and an alignment film 6 of polyimide resin or the like is applied on the electrode pattern 5. That is,
On the transparent substrate 2, a laminated body including a color filter layer 3, a top coat layer 4, an electrode pattern 5 and an alignment film 6 is formed.

An electrode pattern (here, a signal electrode pattern) 8 and an alignment film 9 are formed on the other transparent substrate 7.
Is formed.

The liquid crystal display element 1 composed of the above-mentioned transparent substrate 2 and the transparent substrate 7 arranged opposite thereto has a predetermined space within the space filled with liquid crystal in order to keep the liquid crystal layer thickness uniform. As a space height regulating member for ensuring a height (gap), a large number of gap materials 10 having a uniform diameter are scattered, and the seal material 11 is mixed with a gap material 10 having a different diameter from the gap material 10. , The sealing material 11 is applied to the peripheral portions of the transparent substrates 2 and 7 in a frame shape,
It is configured by bonding 7 together.

Here, since the gap material 12 in the sealing material has a gap difference between the coated portion of the sealing material 11 without the color filter layer 3 and the inner portion of the sealing material 12 provided with the color filter layer 3, the sealing material is sealed. A material having a diameter larger than that of the gap material 10 is used so that the gap unevenness does not occur when the gap material 10 is sprayed on the inner portion of the material 12.

In this way, the gap inside the seal material 11 of the conventional liquid crystal display element 1 is uniformly controlled by the gap material 10, so that it is possible to prevent the display quality from remarkably deteriorating.

[0010]

However, in such a conventional liquid crystal display element, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, in the case of a color liquid crystal display element, only the inside of the sealing material 11 is used. Although the color filter 3 is formed, since the color filter is not formed in the liquid crystal injection port 13, the gap of the liquid crystal injection port 13 is larger than the gap inside the sealing material 11, and the liquid crystal injection port 13 is dispersed in that portion. The gap member 10 exists in a movable state.

Therefore, when injecting the liquid crystal from the liquid crystal injection port 13, the gap material 10 in the liquid crystal injection port 13 moves to the inner side, resulting in a problem that a gap irregularity occurs in the vicinity of the liquid crystal injection port 13. there were.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the height (gap) of the space filled with liquid crystal is kept uniform, and a predetermined liquid crystal layer thickness can be secured evenly.
An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having good display quality.

[0013]

A liquid crystal display element according to claim 1 has a frame shape with a pair of transparent substrates with at least one portion missing, and joins the pair of transparent substrates with a predetermined gap maintained. Injecting into the space surrounded by the sealing material and the laminated body from the sealing material, each laminated body in which members for performing liquid crystal display are respectively laminated on the pair of substrates, and the missing portion of the sealing material The liquid crystal material, a gap regulating member that regulates the effective space height of a region related to the display inside the seal material, and the space height of the missing portion of the seal material that is equal to the effective space height. By having the space height adjusting layer provided in the missing portion, the above object is achieved.

A liquid crystal display device according to a second aspect achieves the above-mentioned object by extending the laminate on one transparent substrate on which the space height adjusting layer forms the effective space height. To do.

[0015]

In the liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, a sealing material is applied to a peripheral portion between two transparent substrates opposite to each other except a liquid crystal injection port, and the substrates are bonded to each other to form a liquid crystal cell. A gap adjusting layer for adjusting the gap is formed in the liquid crystal inlet so that the gap inside the seal material of the liquid crystal cell is the same as the gap at the liquid crystal inlet, and the same diameter is formed in the region from the inside of the seal material to the liquid crystal inlet. Evenly spread the gap material in to keep the gap constant.

That is, since there is no step between the inside of the sealing material and the liquid crystal injection port, it is possible to adjust the gap by using one type of gap material having a uniform diameter. It is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device having a good display quality, in which the gaps in the areas up to are kept uniform, and there is no gap unevenness.

In the liquid crystal display device according to the second aspect, the gap adjusting layer according to the first aspect further includes a color filter provided inside the sealing material so that the gap inside the sealing material and the gap between the liquid crystal inlets are the same. Is formed so as to extend to the liquid crystal injection port.

Therefore, the gaps inside the sealant and the liquid crystal injection port can be made the same by only additionally forming a color filter for a small area of the liquid crystal injection port. It is possible to uniformly maintain the gap by using a material, a predetermined liquid crystal layer thickness can be secured evenly, and a liquid crystal display element with good display quality can be obtained.

[0019]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below based on examples.

1 to 3 are views showing the structure of a liquid crystal display element according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the structure of the liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line BB of FIG. It is a line sectional view. This embodiment employs a simple matrix type in which a plurality of signal electrode patterns and scanning electrode patterns are arranged so as to face each other, and each color (red, green, blue) is provided so as to correspond to the pixel position where each electrode pattern intersects. The color filter of FIG.

First, the structure will be described.

In the liquid crystal display element according to this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a color filter layer 23 is formed on a glass substrate 22. As shown in FIG. 1, the color filter layer 23 has a characteristic configuration in this embodiment.
The point is that the same color filter layer 23 as the inside of the seal material 31 is formed to extend not only inside the seal material 31 but also at the liquid crystal injection port 33 to which the seal material 31 is not applied.

Usually, in a liquid crystal display panel, since a display area is formed by arranging electrode patterns for driving liquid crystal in the inner area of the sealing material so as to face each other, the color filter layer for color display is also provided in the inner area of the sealing material. It only needs to be formed.

However, in the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment, since the area of the liquid crystal injection port 33 is small, the color filter layer 23 provided inside the sealing material 31 is simply extended to the inside of the sealing material and the liquid crystal. The step with the inlet 33 can be eliminated. Therefore, even in the liquid crystal injection port 33, it is possible to perform uniform gap adjustment by using the same gap material 30 as the inside of the sealing material, prevent gap irregularity, and improve display quality.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the flatness of the color filter layer 23 is improved and the indium oxide film (ITO: In) is formed on the color filter layer 23.
The top coat layer 24 for protecting the color filter layer 23 is formed when the upper layer of (dium tin oxide) is formed.

A plurality of scan electrode patterns 25 are formed on the top coat layer 24, and an alignment film 26 of polyimide resin or the like is applied on the scan electrode patterns 25. This alignment film 26 is rubbed with a cloth such as nylon or rayon,
It controls the alignment of liquid crystal molecules. Thus, the laminated body including the color filter layer 23, the top coat layer 24, the scanning electrode pattern 25, and the alignment film 26 is formed on the glass substrate 22.

On the other glass substrate 27,
A stack of a plurality of signal electrode patterns 28 arranged to face the scanning electrode patterns 25 and an alignment film 29 is formed on the signal electrode patterns 28.

The liquid crystal display device 21 constructed as described above.
In order to keep the gap of the space filled with the liquid crystal constant, spacers 30 of spherical particles having a predetermined diameter are uniformly dispersed in the space. As the spacer 30, fine particles made of plastic or glass can be preferably used. Then, by applying a sealant 31 such as an epoxy resin mixed with a spacer 32 in the sealant having a predetermined diameter larger than the spacer 30 to the peripheral portion of one of the transparent substrates 22 and 27 and bonding them together. The liquid crystal display element 21 as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 can be formed.

The spacer 32 in the sealing material mixed in the above-mentioned sealing material 31 is obtained by adding the thickness of the color filter layer 23 provided only inside the sealing material 31 to the diameter of the spacer 30 for adjusting the gap of the liquid crystal layer. It is composed of a diameter.
As described above, since the gaps of substantially the entire liquid crystal display element 21 including the liquid crystal injection port 33 are kept uniform by the two kinds of spacers 30 and 31, it is possible to reliably prevent the occurrence of gap unevenness.

Next, the operation will be described.

In the color liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, as shown by the hatching in FIG. 1, the color filter layer 23 is formed on the glass substrate 22 in the region extending from the inside of the sealant 31 to the liquid crystal injection port 33. .

Then, as shown in FIG. 2, a top coat layer 24 is formed on the color filter layer 23 to obtain an underlayer having a flat surface for forming an electrode pattern, and to form a color filter. The layer 23 is protected.

Further, a scanning electrode pattern 25 is formed on the top coat layer 24, and a rubbing-treated alignment film 26 made of a polyimide resin is applied thereon.

A plurality of signal electrode patterns 28 are formed on the other glass substrate 27, and an alignment film 29 is formed thereon.

Both glass substrates 22 thus formed,
As shown in FIG. 1, the reference numeral 27 uniformly disperses the spacers 30 inside the sealing material 31 and the liquid crystal injection port 33, and
A sealing material 31 such as an epoxy resin mixed with a spacer 32 in the sealing material having a diameter larger than that of the spacer 30 is applied to the peripheral portions of the glass substrates 22 and 27 so that both substrates 22 and 27 are covered.
The liquid crystal display element 21 as shown in FIGS.

In the liquid crystal display element formed as described above, the color filter layer 23 is formed so as to extend from the inside of the sealing material 31 to the liquid crystal injection port 33.
As shown in, the gap (space height) in the region inside the sealing material 31 and the region extending over the liquid crystal injection port 33 is the same. Therefore, the predetermined gap is uniformly maintained by the spacer 30 not only inside the sealing material 31 but also at the liquid crystal inlet 33. That is, since the gap between the inside of the sealant 31 and the liquid crystal injection port 33 portion is the same, the spacer 30 at the liquid crystal injection port 33 portion does not move during liquid crystal injection.
It is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device having good display quality without gap irregularities.

Although the above embodiment is a color liquid crystal display device, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a case of a black and white liquid crystal display device. That is,
Even when there is a step difference between the inside of the seal material and the liquid crystal injection port due to the structure of the electrodes, the alignment film, and the like, there is a problem that the spacer near the liquid crystal injection port moves during liquid crystal injection, resulting in unevenness in the gap. In this case, for example, by forming an electrode, an alignment film, or the like that is not actually used in the liquid crystal injection port portion so as to extend, the gap between the liquid crystal injection port portion and the inside of the sealing material is made uniform. adjust. This makes it possible to obtain a liquid crystal display element having good display quality without gap unevenness.

[0039]

According to the liquid crystal display device of the first aspect,
Since the gap adjustment layer is formed in the liquid crystal injection port so that the gap (space height) inside the sealing material and the liquid crystal injection port are the same, there is no step between the inside of the sealing material and the liquid crystal injection port. By uniformly dispersing the gap control members having the same diameter, the gap of the entire liquid crystal display element is kept constant, and display defects due to unevenness in the gap do not occur, and a liquid crystal display element with good display quality can be obtained. .

According to the liquid crystal display device of the second aspect, since the color filter provided inside the sealing material as the display area is formed as a gap adjusting layer to extend to the liquid crystal injection port, the color filter is provided at the liquid crystal injection port portion. By adding only a small area, the gap inside the seal material and the gap inside the liquid crystal injection port will be the same, and it will be possible to adjust the gap evenly using the same gap regulating member. It is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display element having good display quality.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a configuration of a liquid crystal display element of this example.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a configuration of a conventional color liquid crystal display element.

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A ′ of FIG.

6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B ′ of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 21 Color Liquid Crystal Display Element 22 Glass Substrate 23 Color Filter Layer 24 Topcoat Layer 25 Scanning Electrode Pattern 26 Alignment Film 27 Glass Substrate 28 Signal Electrode Pattern 29 Alignment Film 30 Spacer 30 31 Sealing Material 32 Sealing Material Spacer 33 Liquid Crystal Injection Port

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A pair of transparent substrates, a sealing material having a frame shape with at least one portion missing, and joining the pair of transparent substrates with a predetermined gap therebetween, and a liquid crystal display is performed on the pair of substrates. Each of the laminated bodies in which the members for laminating are laminated, a liquid crystal material injected into the space surrounded by the sealing material and the laminated body from the missing portion of the sealing material, and related to the display inside the sealing material. A space regulating member that regulates the effective space height of the region, and a space height adjusting layer that is provided in the missing portion in order to make the space height of the missing portion of the sealing material equal to the effective space height. A liquid crystal display device characterized by the above. 2. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the space height adjusting layer extends the laminated body on one transparent substrate forming the effective space height.