JPH07260667A - Method and device for measuring high temperature viscosity - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring high temperature viscosityInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07260667A JPH07260667A JP4709794A JP4709794A JPH07260667A JP H07260667 A JPH07260667 A JP H07260667A JP 4709794 A JP4709794 A JP 4709794A JP 4709794 A JP4709794 A JP 4709794A JP H07260667 A JPH07260667 A JP H07260667A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- viscosity
- graphite
- high temperature
- sample
- rotor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、例えば下水汚泥溶融ス
ラグのような高温で溶融される試料の粘度測定のために
使用される高温用粘度測定方法及び装置に関するもので
ある。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high temperature viscosity measuring method and apparatus used for measuring the viscosity of a sample melted at a high temperature such as sewage sludge molten slag.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、下水処理場から大量に発生する下
水汚泥の処理を図るために、下水汚泥を溶融してスラグ
化が行われている。汚泥溶融設備で溶融炉の運転管理
上、安定的な運転を行うためには、汚泥組成分の塩基度
調整により溶融スラグの溶融温度を低下させるだけでは
不十分で、溶融スラグの湯流れに深い関係がある融液の
粘度（viscosity)を考慮する必要がある。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in order to treat a large amount of sewage sludge generated from a sewage treatment plant, sewage sludge has been melted and turned into slag. For stable operation of the melting furnace in the sludge melting equipment, it is not enough to lower the melting temperature of the molten slag by adjusting the basicity of the sludge composition, and it is deep in the molten metal flow. It is necessary to consider the viscosity of the melt concerned.
【０００３】このような試料の粘度を高温下で測定でき
る実用的な装置はこれまであまり開発されていない。そ
こで、るつぼに所定量Ｗの試料を入れて電気炉で所定時
間溶融した後、るつぼごと炉外に取り出して機械的に反
転させ、下部に流下した試料の重量Ｗ0 を測定してＷ0
／Ｗの値を流動化率として測定する方法が開発されてい
た。[0003] Practical devices capable of measuring the viscosity of such samples at high temperatures have not been developed so far. Therefore, a predetermined amount of the sample W was put into the crucible and melted in the electric furnace for a predetermined time, then taken out of the furnace together with the crucible and mechanically inverted, and the weight W 0 of the sample flowing down was measured to obtain W 0
A method of measuring the value of / W as a fluidization rate has been developed.
【０００４】この方法は下水汚泥溶融スラグの粘性を一
定条件下で測定できる点で実用的なものである。しか
し、溶融された試料をるつぼごと炉外に取り出す作業を
人が行っているため、個人差がでてしまいデータの再現
性に乏しいという問題があった。また流動化率の測定は
できるものの、粘度の絶対値を測定することができない
という問題があった。This method is practical in that the viscosity of the sewage sludge molten slag can be measured under constant conditions. However, there is a problem that the reproducibility of the data is poor because a person performs the work of taking the melted sample together with the crucible out of the furnace, which causes individual differences. Further, although the fluidization rate can be measured, there is a problem that the absolute value of viscosity cannot be measured.
【０００５】このほかに流体の粘度測定のための装置と
して、回転粘度計が市販されている。ところがこのよう
な回転粘度計は常温〜数百℃での使用を前提としてお
り、下水汚泥溶融スラグのような1200〜1500℃という高
温で溶融される試料の粘度測定には使用することができ
ないものであった。In addition, a rotational viscometer is commercially available as a device for measuring the viscosity of a fluid. However, such a rotational viscometer is supposed to be used at room temperature to several hundreds of degrees Celsius, and cannot be used to measure the viscosity of samples that are melted at a high temperature of 1200 to 1500 degrees Celsius such as sewage sludge molten slag. Met.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明は上記した従来
の問題点を解決し、下水汚泥溶融スラグのような1200〜
1500℃という高温で溶融される試料の粘度測定が可能な
高温用粘度測定方法及び装置を提供するためになされた
ものである。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and solves problems such as sewage sludge molten slag 1200-
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high temperature viscosity measuring method and apparatus capable of measuring the viscosity of a sample melted at a high temperature of 1500 ° C.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記の課題を解決するた
めになされた本発明の高温用粘度測定方法は、回転粘度
計の黒鉛製ローターをるつぼ内の溶融した試料中に浸漬
して粘度を測定することを特徴とするものである。また
本発明の高温用粘度測定装置は、るつぼがセットされる
電気炉の天井に垂直貫通孔を形成し、この垂直貫通孔に
挿入される黒鉛製回転棒を持つ回転粘度計を電気炉外の
上部に設置するとともに、この黒鉛製回転棒の下端には
るつぼ内の溶融した試料中に浸漬される黒鉛製ローター
を取り付けたことを特徴とするものである。なお、黒鉛
製ローターの直径が垂直貫通孔の内径よりも小さく、回
転粘度計が電気炉の天井に着脱自在に設置できるもので
あることが好ましい。The high temperature viscosity measuring method of the present invention, which was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, involves immersing a graphite rotor of a rotary viscometer in a molten sample in a crucible to adjust the viscosity. It is characterized by measuring. Further, the high temperature viscosity measuring device of the present invention forms a vertical through hole in the ceiling of an electric furnace in which a crucible is set, and installs a rotary viscometer having a graphite rotating rod inserted into the vertical through hole outside the electric furnace. It is characterized in that it is installed on the upper part, and a graphite rotor immersed in the molten sample in the crucible is attached to the lower end of the graphite rotating rod. It is preferable that the diameter of the graphite rotor is smaller than the inner diameter of the vertical through hole so that the rotational viscometer can be detachably installed on the ceiling of the electric furnace.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】本発明の高温用粘度測定装置により粘度測定を
行うには、るつぼ内に試料を入れて電気炉で炉内温度を
常温から所定温度まで温度上昇を行い、所定時間溶融し
たうえ、電気炉の天井の垂直貫通孔から回転粘度計の黒
鉛製回転棒を炉内に挿入し、黒鉛製回転棒の下端の黒鉛
製ローターをるつぼ内の溶融した試料中に浸漬する。そ
して回転粘度計により、高温状態における試料の粘度を
直接測定する。本発明では炉内に挿入される部分が黒鉛
製とされているので、1200〜1500℃という高温に耐える
ことができ、また黒鉛はスラグに対して反応しにくく、
耐久性がある。To perform the viscosity measurement with the high temperature viscosity measuring apparatus of the present invention, the sample is put in the crucible, the temperature inside the furnace is raised from room temperature to a predetermined temperature in an electric furnace, and the temperature is melted for a predetermined time. A graphite rotating rod of a rotational viscometer is inserted into the furnace through a vertical through hole in the ceiling of the furnace, and the graphite rotor at the lower end of the graphite rotating rod is immersed in the molten sample in the crucible. Then, the viscosity of the sample in the high temperature state is directly measured by the rotational viscometer. In the present invention, since the part to be inserted into the furnace is made of graphite, it can withstand a high temperature of 1200 to 1500 ° C, and graphite is difficult to react with slag,
It is durable.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下に本発明を図示の実施例によって更に詳
細に説明する。図１において、１は電気炉であり、ヒー
ター２を備えた炉体３と、天井４とからなるものであ
る。５はこの電気炉１の内部にセットされたるつぼであ
り、下水汚泥溶融スラグのような高温で溶融される試料
が収納されている。天井４のるつぼ５の直上位置には、
垂直貫通孔６が形成されている。The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an electric furnace, which comprises a furnace body 3 equipped with a heater 2 and a ceiling 4. Reference numeral 5 denotes a crucible set inside the electric furnace 1 in which a sample such as sewage sludge melting slag that is melted at a high temperature is stored. Just above the crucible 5 on the ceiling 4,
A vertical through hole 6 is formed.
【００１０】７は電気炉１外の上部に設置された回転粘
度計であるが、市販のものとは異なり、黒鉛製回転棒８
の下端に黒鉛製ローター９を取り付けた構造となってい
る。この黒鉛製回転棒８と黒鉛製ローター９は測定時に
電気炉１の垂直貫通孔６から挿入され、黒鉛製ローター
９をるつぼ５内の溶融した試料中に浸漬する。このため
に黒鉛製ローター９の直径は垂直貫通孔６の内径よりも
小さく、また回転粘度計７は電気炉１の外部に着脱自在
に設置できるものとしてある。なお、10は２分割式の耐
火物製の蓋であり、垂直貫通孔６の上部を閉鎖して熱の
放散を防止し、測定時における炉内の温度変化をなくす
役割を果たしている。また11は炉内の温度を測定するた
めの熱電対温度計である。Reference numeral 7 is a rotary viscometer installed outside the electric furnace 1, but unlike a commercially available one, a graphite rotating rod 8
The structure is such that a graphite rotor 9 is attached to the lower end of the. The graphite rotating rod 8 and the graphite rotor 9 are inserted through the vertical through holes 6 of the electric furnace 1 during measurement, and the graphite rotor 9 is immersed in the molten sample in the crucible 5. For this reason, the diameter of the graphite rotor 9 is smaller than the inner diameter of the vertical through hole 6, and the rotational viscometer 7 can be detachably installed outside the electric furnace 1. Reference numeral 10 is a two-division refractory lid, which closes the upper portion of the vertical through hole 6 to prevent heat dissipation and eliminates the temperature change in the furnace during measurement. Further, 11 is a thermocouple thermometer for measuring the temperature in the furnace.
【００１１】本発明の高温用粘度測定装置は、0.5 〜40
00 dPa・s の粘度を測定できるように工夫されている。
そのため、図２に示すように３種類のローターを使い分
けている。図２の(A) に示すのは直径50mm、肉厚2mm 、
高さ40mmの円筒体12からなる黒鉛製ローターであり、そ
の上面に４つの空気抜き孔13が透設されている。これら
の空気抜き孔13は、円筒体12の内部に空気が溜まり測定
誤差を生ずることを防止するためのものである。この黒
鉛製ローター９は、円筒体12の上方10〜20mmの範囲まで
試料の中に浸漬して使用する。これは0.5 〜10 dPa・s
の比較的低粘度の領域で使用される。The viscosity measuring device for high temperature of the present invention is 0.5 to 40.
It has been devised to measure a viscosity of 00 dPa · s.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, three types of rotors are used properly. Figure 2 (A) shows a diameter of 50 mm, wall thickness of 2 mm,
This is a graphite rotor composed of a cylindrical body 12 having a height of 40 mm, and four air vent holes 13 are formed on the upper surface thereof. These air vent holes 13 are for preventing air from accumulating inside the cylindrical body 12 and causing a measurement error. The graphite rotor 9 is used by immersing it in the sample up to a range of 10 to 20 mm above the cylindrical body 12. This is 0.5-10 dPa ・ s
Used in the region of relatively low viscosity.
【００１２】図２の(B) に示すのは直径30mm、肉厚2mm
、高さ40mmの円筒体14からなる黒鉛製ローターであ
り、その上面にはやはり空気抜き孔15が透設されてい
る。この黒鉛製ローター９は、円筒体14の上方10〜20の
範囲まで溶融した試料の中に浸漬して使用する。これは
５〜150dPa・s の中粘度の領域で使用される。FIG. 2B shows a diameter of 30 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm.
The graphite rotor is composed of a cylinder 14 having a height of 40 mm, and an air vent hole 15 is also provided on the upper surface thereof. This graphite rotor 9 is used by immersing it in the sample melted up to 10 to 20 above the cylindrical body 14. It is used in the medium viscosity range of 5 to 150 dPa · s.
【００１３】図２の(B) に示すのは直径20mm、肉厚4mm
の円板16からなる黒鉛製ローターであり、円板16の上方
10〜20の範囲まで溶融した試料の中に浸漬して使用す
る。これは100 〜4000 dPa・s の高粘度の領域で使用さ
れる。FIG. 2B shows a diameter of 20 mm and a wall thickness of 4 mm.
It is a graphite rotor consisting of the disc 16 above
It is used by immersing it in a sample melted to a range of 10 to 20. It is used in the high viscosity range of 100 to 4000 dPa · s.
【００１４】このように構成された本発明の高温用粘度
測定装置により粘度測定を行うには、るつぼ５内の試料
を電気炉１において溶融した状態で、耐火物製の蓋10を
開いて回転粘度計７の黒鉛製回転棒８を垂直貫通孔６か
ら挿入し、その下端の黒鉛製ローター９をるつぼ５内の
溶融した試料中に浸漬する。なお炉内の温度変化を防止
するために、蓋10は直ちに閉じることが好ましい。この
とき、まず図２の(B) に示す中粘度用の黒鉛製ローター
９を用いて粘度の測定を行い、粘度が低い場合には図２
の(A) に示す低粘度用の黒鉛製ローター９に交換して測
定し、逆に粘度が高い場合には図２の(C) に示す高粘度
用の黒鉛製ローター９に交換して測定を行えばよい。炉
内の温度は熱電対温度計11によって測定が可能であり、
所定の温度における試料の粘度を正確に測定することが
できる。In order to perform viscosity measurement with the viscosity measuring apparatus for high temperature of the present invention having the above-described structure, the refractory lid 10 is opened and rotated while the sample in the crucible 5 is melted in the electric furnace 1. The graphite rotating rod 8 of the viscometer 7 is inserted through the vertical through hole 6, and the graphite rotor 9 at the lower end thereof is immersed in the molten sample in the crucible 5. Note that it is preferable to immediately close the lid 10 in order to prevent a temperature change in the furnace. At this time, first, the viscosity is measured using the graphite rotor 9 for medium viscosity shown in FIG. 2 (B).
(A) is replaced with the low-viscosity graphite rotor 9 for measurement. Conversely, when the viscosity is high, the high-viscosity graphite rotor 9 is replaced with the high viscosity graphite rotor 9 for measurement. Should be done. The temperature inside the furnace can be measured by a thermocouple thermometer 11,
The viscosity of the sample at a given temperature can be accurately measured.
【００１５】図３はこのようにして測定された下水汚泥
溶融スラグの粘度の一例を示すグラフであり、試料を電
気炉１において溶融したままの状態で粘度の測定ができ
るので、再現性の高いデータを得ることができる。FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of the viscosity of the sewage sludge molten slag measured in this way. Since the viscosity can be measured while the sample remains molten in the electric furnace 1, the reproducibility is high. You can get the data.
【００１６】[0016]
【発明の効果】以上に説明したように、本発明の高温用
粘度測定方法及び装置によれば、下水汚泥溶融スラグの
ような1200〜1500℃という高温で溶融される試料の粘度
測定が可能である。また黒鉛製回転棒と黒鉛製ローター
を使用したのでこのような高温と接しても損傷すること
がない。なお、本発明は下水汚泥溶融スラグに限らず、
ガラス等の高温で溶融される物質の粘度測定に広く適用
できることはいうまでもない。As described above, according to the high temperature viscosity measuring method and apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to measure the viscosity of a sample such as sewage sludge molten slag that is melted at a high temperature of 1200 to 1500 ° C. is there. Further, since the graphite rotating rod and the graphite rotor are used, there is no damage even if they come into contact with such a high temperature. The present invention is not limited to sewage sludge molten slag,
It goes without saying that it can be widely applied to the viscosity measurement of substances that are melted at high temperatures such as glass.
【図１】実施例の高温用粘度測定装置を示す断面図であ
る。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a high temperature viscosity measuring apparatus of an example.
【図２】各種の黒鉛製ローターを示す一部切欠正面図と
その底面図である。FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway front view and a bottom view showing various graphite rotors.
【図３】測定された下水汚泥溶融スラグの粘度のグラフ
である。FIG. 3 is a graph of the viscosity of the measured sewage sludge molten slag.
１ 電気炉、４ 天井、５ るつぼ、６ 垂直貫通孔、
７ 回転粘度計、８ 黒鉛製回転棒、９ 黒鉛製ロータ
ー1 electric furnace, 4 ceilings, 5 crucibles, 6 vertical through holes,
7 Rotational viscometer, 8 Graphite rotating rod, 9 Graphite rotor
Claims (3)
の溶融した試料中に浸漬して粘度を測定することを特徴
とする高温用粘度測定方法。1. A method for measuring viscosity at high temperature, which comprises immersing a graphite rotor of a rotational viscometer in a molten sample in a crucible to measure viscosity.
直貫通孔を形成し、この垂直貫通孔に挿入される黒鉛製
回転棒を持つ回転粘度計を電気炉外の上部に設置すると
ともに、この黒鉛製回転棒の下端にはるつぼ内の溶融し
た試料中に浸漬される黒鉛製ローターを取り付けたこと
を特徴とする高温用粘度測定装置。2. A vertical through hole is formed in a ceiling of an electric furnace in which a crucible is set, and a rotary viscometer having a graphite rotating rod inserted into the vertical through hole is installed at an upper part outside the electric furnace. A viscosity rotor for high temperature, characterized in that a graphite rotor immersed in a molten sample in a crucible is attached to the lower end of the graphite rotating rod.
径よりも小さく、回転粘度計が電気炉外の上部に着脱自
在に設置できるものとした請求項１に記載の高温用粘度
測定装置。3. The high temperature viscosity measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the graphite rotor is smaller than the inner diameter of the vertical through hole, and the rotational viscometer can be detachably installed on the upper portion outside the electric furnace.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4709794A JPH07260667A (en) | 1994-03-17 | 1994-03-17 | Method and device for measuring high temperature viscosity |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4709794A JPH07260667A (en) | 1994-03-17 | 1994-03-17 | Method and device for measuring high temperature viscosity |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07260667A true JPH07260667A (en) | 1995-10-13 |
Family
ID=12765689
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4709794A Pending JPH07260667A (en) | 1994-03-17 | 1994-03-17 | Method and device for measuring high temperature viscosity |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07260667A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102914489A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-02-06 | 河北联合大学 | Device and method for measuring viscosity electromagnetic property of covering slag under high-temperature state |
| CN103480974A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-01 | 郑州机械研究所 | Measuring device and method for measuring high temperature viscosity of liquid brazing filler metal by using measuring device |
| KR20150101610A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-09-04 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | Experiment Apparatus and Method for Solid Fuel Fluidity and Slag Viscosity |
| CN105842119A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-08-10 | 东旭科技集团有限公司 | Method for determining viscosity of glass |
| CN106596865A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-04-26 | 华北理工大学 | Melt physical property measurement probe suspension device |
| CN110231251A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-13 | 内蒙古科技大学 | A kind of viscosimeter |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5828656A (en) * | 1981-08-14 | 1983-02-19 | Kazuo Makino | Measuring apparatus of differential heat, differential pressure and viscosity at the same time |
| JPH03103748A (en) * | 1989-09-19 | 1991-04-30 | Nippon Steel Corp | Instrument and method for measuring viscosity of fluid |
-
1994
- 1994-03-17 JP JP4709794A patent/JPH07260667A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5828656A (en) * | 1981-08-14 | 1983-02-19 | Kazuo Makino | Measuring apparatus of differential heat, differential pressure and viscosity at the same time |
| JPH03103748A (en) * | 1989-09-19 | 1991-04-30 | Nippon Steel Corp | Instrument and method for measuring viscosity of fluid |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102914489A (en) * | 2012-11-08 | 2013-02-06 | 河北联合大学 | Device and method for measuring viscosity electromagnetic property of covering slag under high-temperature state |
| CN103480974A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-01 | 郑州机械研究所 | Measuring device and method for measuring high temperature viscosity of liquid brazing filler metal by using measuring device |
| CN103480974B (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2015-12-02 | 郑州机械研究所 | A kind of method measuring liquid solder high temperature viscosity |
| KR20150101610A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-09-04 | 부산대학교 산학협력단 | Experiment Apparatus and Method for Solid Fuel Fluidity and Slag Viscosity |
| CN105842119A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-08-10 | 东旭科技集团有限公司 | Method for determining viscosity of glass |
| CN106596865A (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-04-26 | 华北理工大学 | Melt physical property measurement probe suspension device |
| CN106596865B (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2019-11-22 | 华北理工大学 | A kind of physical properties of melt gauge head suspension arrangement |
| CN110231251A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-09-13 | 内蒙古科技大学 | A kind of viscosimeter |
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