JPH07251091A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a crusher which can crush material in a short time irrespective of the size and kind of the material without damaging the parts of the crusher. CONSTITUTION:In this crusher equipped with at least two rotor shafts 2, 3, rotor blades 4, 5 which are respectively fixed on the rotor shafts 2, 3 coaxially at regular intervals and arranged to be engaged mutually with the adjacent roller shafts 2, 3 side, and driving parts 6, 7 respectively for driving the rotor shafts 2, 3, the rotor blades 4, 5 are made to be a double edged type to push material to be crushed in both normal and reverse directions of rotation, and the driving parts 6, 7 have a structure which enables individual control of driving the rotor shafts 2, 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a crushing device. More specifically, car bodies, engines, home appliances,
Improvement of crushing performance, etc. in a crushing device for crushing from crushed material made of relatively hard waste such as wood to crushed material made of relatively soft waste such as raw garbage, rubber tires and tatami mats Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a crushing device, for example, FIG.
~ The one shown in Fig. 8 is known.

This conventional crushing device has two rotor shafts 2, 3 which are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction below a hopper-shaped charging port 1 which is opened upward and into which a crushing material D is charged.
And rotor blades 4 and 5 which are coaxially fixed to both rotor shafts 2 and 3 at regular intervals and which are arranged so as to mesh with the adjacent rotor shafts 2 and 3. Drive units 6 and 7 that rotate the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are connected to the rotor shafts 2 and 3. Further, below the rotor shafts 2, 3, and the rotor blades 4, 5, there is provided an inclined discharge port 8 for discharging the crushed particles T, which are the crushed material D crushed into particles and chips.

In this conventional crushing device, as shown in FIG. 8, the rotor blades 4 and 5 are formed in a single-edged shape, and the rotor shafts 2 and 3 rotate inwardly (forward direction) at the same speed. The crushing material D is wound between the rotor blades 4 and 5 and crushed.

In such a conventional crushing device, since both rotor blades 4 and 5 only apply a constant striking force to the crushing material D from the same direction, the crushing material D may be broken depending on the material. Without effectively crushing, it slides or jumps on the rotor blades 4, 5 or winds around the rotor blades 4, 5,
It may be pinched and the crushing process may be interrupted substantially. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently stop the driving units 6 and 7 and perform a corresponding action of pressing or cutting the crushed material D from above, and depending on the material of the crushed material D, the crushing process takes time. There is a problem. Further, if the crushed material D is wound around and sandwiched by the rotor blades 4 and 5, there is a problem that the rotor blades 4 and 5 are damaged.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and is capable of performing a crushing process in a short time without damaging each part regardless of the material of the crushing material. An object is to provide a device.

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems, the crushing apparatus according to the present invention employs the following means.

That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, at least two rotor shafts, rotor blades coaxially fixed to the rotor shafts at fixed intervals and arranged to mesh with adjacent rotor shaft sides, and the rotor shafts are rotated. In a crushing device equipped with a drive unit for driving, the rotor blade has a double-edged shape that presses the crushed material in both forward and reverse directions of rotation, and the drive unit has a structure that allows individual drive control of each rotor shaft. Is characterized by.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the crushing device of the first aspect, a corner portion is formed on the peripheral surface of the rotor shaft.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the crushing apparatus according to the first or second aspect, a comb-tooth-shaped scraper type fixed blade that meshes with the rotor blade is provided on the outer side of the outermost rotor shaft.

[0011]

According to the above-mentioned means, according to claim 1, the rotation of each rotor shaft is individually drive-controlled, and the rotation speed, rotation direction, etc. of each rotor blade are changed to change the strength and direction of the impact pressure on the crushed material. Etc. can be changed. For this reason, during the crushing process in which the drive unit is driven, the crushed material is treated in the same manner as the above-mentioned measure against the interruption, and damage to each part is made in a short time regardless of the material of the crushed material. The problem of providing a crushing device that can perform crushing processing without being accompanied by the above is solved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the operation of the first aspect, slipping of the crushed material between the rotor blade and the rotor shaft is prevented.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in the action of the first or second aspect, the crushing material is crushed by the rotor blade and the scraper type fixed blade even in a portion other than the meshing portion of the rotor blade, and the crushed material is released into the crushing space. Disappears.

[0014]

EXAMPLE An example of the crushing device according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
~ It demonstrates based on FIG.

1 to 4 show a first embodiment of a crushing apparatus according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are composed of two shafts as in the above-mentioned conventional example.

The rotor shafts 2 and 3 of this embodiment are formed in a cylindrical shape and are arranged substantially parallel to each other in the horizontal direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, separate hydraulic motors 61, 71, hydraulic pumps 62, 62 are provided on the rotor shafts 2, 3, respectively.
Drive units 6 and 7 including 72 and electric motors 63 and 73 are connected to each other. Further, the electric motors 63 and 73 of the drive units 6 and 7 are connected to a controller 9 having an operation unit 9 ′. Therefore, by operating the controller 9, the rotation of both rotor shafts 2 and 3 can be individually drive-controlled in terms of direction, speed, and the like. The controller 9 is provided with a timer and a memory function so that the operating speed of each rotor shaft 2, 3 can be automatically set by inputting and setting the rotation speed, the rotation direction, the rotation direction switching time, etc. of the rotor shafts 2, 3. It has become. The controller 9 can also be manually operated by operating the operation unit 9 '. The drive units 6 and 7 are arranged so as to face each other on both sides of the rotor shafts 2 and 3, and influences of mutual vibrations and the like due to individual control are prevented.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the rotor blades 4 and 5 of this embodiment are coaxially fixed to the rotor shafts 2 and 3 at regular intervals and mesh with the other rotor shafts 2 and 3 side. It is arranged. Further, as shown in detail in FIG. 3, the rotor blades 4 and 5 have bolts 43 and 53 on both sides of projecting blade mounting portions 42 and 52 that radially project four from the ring-shaped body portions 41 and 51. Is formed so as to fix the blade tips 44 and 54, and has a double-edged shape capable of pressing the crushed material D in both forward and reverse directions of rotation. In addition, blade tip 4
4 and 54 are formed of a material having good wear resistance such as special hardened and hardened steel, but when worn, they can be easily replaced by bolts 43 and 53.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the scraper type fixed blade 10 is meshed with the outside of the rotor blades 4, 5. This scraper type fixed blade 10
As shown in detail in FIG. 4, the reinforcing plate 102 is provided on both front and back surfaces of the comb-teeth shaped substrate 101 extending obliquely downward from the inlet 1.
103 is fixed.

According to such an embodiment, in order to perform the crushing process, basically the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are rotated inward toward each other at the same speed as in the conventional example. Correspondingly, the rotation speed, rotation direction of both rotor shafts 2, 3
The rotation switching time will be controlled. The scraper type fixed blade 10 scrapes off the crushed material D between the rotor blades 4 and 5 and performs secondary crushing.

That is, for example, the crushed material D is the rotor blades 4,
If the rotor blades 4 and 5 are not slid and slid on 5 and are not caught by the rotor blades 4 and 5, a difference in rotational speed between the rotor shafts 2 and 3 is provided.
The posture of the crushed material D on the rotor blades 4, 5 is forcibly changed so that the crushing material D is easily acted on by the pressing force of the rotor blades 4, 5. Further, the crushed material D is wound around the rotor blades 4 and 5,
When it is sandwiched, one of the rotor shafts 2 and 3 is rotated in the opposite direction, and the crushed material D is twisted out or cut between the rotor blades 4 and 5. The scraper type fixed blade 10 assists the twisting-out and cutting of the crushed material D from between the rotor blades 4 and 5 by the above function.

The rotation of one of the rotor shafts 2 and 3 in the opposite direction causes a tearing force to act on the crushed material D already wound around the rotor blades 4 and 5. Therefore,
It is possible to reliably crush the crushed material D, which is a material that is difficult to be crushed effectively only by the impact pressure. The rotor blades 4, 5
Since it has a double-edged shape, the crushing material D can be crushed by applying a pressing force to the crushing material D even in the reverse rotation. In particular, since the scraper type fixed blade 10 is provided on the rotating side in the opposite direction, the crushing force does not decrease.

Therefore, it is not necessary to temporarily stop the driving units 6 and 7 to perform the corresponding action of pressing or cutting the crushing material D from above, and the corresponding action can be performed while continuing the crushing process. Therefore, damage to the rotor blades 4, 5 and other parts is prevented. Further, the control of the controller 9 can be set to an appropriate drive control in advance, so that the crushed material D can be prevented from sliding, jumping, winding, being pinched, or the like.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the crushing apparatus according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are hexagonal prisms, and small polygonal projections 2'and 3'are provided on each of the six surfaces,
The corner is formed.

According to this embodiment, the ridges of the hexagonal prism, the ridges and corners of the small prismatic projections 2 ', 3'form corners, and these catch on the crushed material D, so the rotor shafts 2, 3 The crushing material D is prevented from slipping between the rotor blades 4 and 5 and the crushing force is increased. In addition, in particular, the above-mentioned tearing force is also increased. Moreover, since the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are made non-circular, the attachment strength of the rotor blades 4 and 5 is increased.

In this embodiment, the rotor blades 4 and 5 are also provided with the small rectangular projections 45 and 55 so that the rotor shafts 6 and 6 can be rotated.
It has the same function as the corner.

In addition to the illustrated embodiment, the drive units 6 and 7 can be individually controlled from a single drive source by branch switching of the power transmission speed change structure.

Further, the rotor shafts 2 and 3 may be prisms other than hexagonal prisms or elliptic cylinders.

Further, it is possible to adopt an embodiment in which three or more rotor shafts 2 and 3 are provided.

Further, the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are arranged so as to be vertically stepped, and in the case of three, the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are arranged so that one is stacked on the other two. In addition to the example, it is possible to adopt an embodiment in which the arrangement space is varied. In the case of the former, if there is a step on the top and bottom, waste etc. will always ride on the lower rotor shaft,
Compared with the case of horizontal installation, there is an effect that wastes can be prevented from sliding up on the blade. Further, in the latter case, the wastes and the like are not only crushed on one side on the lower side but also crushed on the upper side, that is, on the two sides at the same time, so that the processing speed can be increased.

Further, it is possible to adopt an embodiment in which the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are arranged side by side so as to narrow toward one side. In this case, the waste or the like sandwiched between the narrow ones will be finely crushed.

Further, it is possible to make the number of the unevenness of the rotor blades 4, 5 three or less or five or more.

[0035]

As described above, the crushing device according to the present invention is
In common with each claim, the rotation speed, rotation direction, etc. of each rotor blade are changed to change the strength, direction, etc. of the striking force for the crushed material, and the crushed material is applied to the crushed material while the crushing process is driven by the drive unit. Since necessary countermeasures can be taken, there is an effect that the crushing process can be performed in a short time regardless of the material of the crushing material.

Further, in common with each claim, the crushing material can be prevented from being wound or pinched around the rotor blade or quickly released, so that there is an effect of preventing damage to each portion of the rotor blade or the like.

Further, as in claim 2, only the rotor shaft,
Since the crushed material is prevented from slipping between the rotor blades, various forces are easily applied to the crushed material, and the crushing performance is further improved.

Further, only claim 3 scrapes off the crushed material between the rotor blade and the scraper type fixed blade.
Since the subsequent crushing and the like are performed, there is an effect that the crushing processing performance becomes higher.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of essential parts showing a first embodiment of a crushing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the whole of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts showing a second embodiment of the crushing device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a conventional example.

FIG. 7 is a side view of FIG.

8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2,3 Rotor shaft 4,5 Rotor blade 6,7 Drive unit 10 Scraper type fixed blade

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. At least two rotor shafts, rotor blades coaxially fixed to the rotor shafts at regular intervals so as to mesh with adjacent rotor shaft sides, and a drive unit for rotationally driving the rotor shafts. In a crushing device comprising
A crushing device characterized in that the rotor blade has a double-edged shape that presses the crushing material in both forward and reverse directions of rotation, and the drive unit has a structure capable of individually controlling the drive of each rotor shaft. 2. The crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a corner portion is formed on a peripheral surface of the rotor shaft. 3. The crushing device according to claim 1 or 2,
A crushing device, characterized in that a comb-shaped scraper type fixed blade that meshes with a rotor blade is provided on the outer side of a rotor shaft located on the outermost side.