JP3219590B2 - Crushing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher. For more details, please refer to car bodies, engines, home appliances,
Improvement of the crushing performance of crushing equipment for crushing materials from relatively hard waste materials such as wood to crushed materials consisting of relatively soft waste materials such as garbage, rubber tires and tatami mats About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a crushing device, for example, FIG.
To FIG. 8 are known.

This conventional crushing apparatus has two rotor shafts 2, 3 arranged in parallel in a horizontal direction below a hopper-shaped input port 1 which is opened upward and into which crushed material D is input.
And rotor blades 4 and 5 which are coaxially fixed to the two rotor shafts 2 and 3 at regular intervals and arranged so as to mesh with the adjacent rotor shafts 2 and 3 side. Drive units 6 and 7 for rotating and driving the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are connected to the two rotor shafts 2 and 3. Below the rotor shafts 2, 3, and the rotor blades 4, 5, an inclined discharge port 8 for discharging crushed particles T obtained by crushing the crushed material D into particles and chips is provided.

In this conventional crushing apparatus, as shown in FIG. 8, rotor blades 4 and 5 are formed in a hatchet shape, and rotor shafts 2 and 3 rotate inward (positively) at the same speed. The crushed material D is wound between the rotor blades 4 and 5 to be crushed.

In such a conventional crushing apparatus, since the rotor blades 4 and 5 only apply a constant impact pressure to the crushed material D from the same direction, depending on the material of the crushed material D, It is not crushed effectively, slides and jumps on the rotor blades 4,5, or wraps around the rotor blades 4,5,
In some cases, the crushing process is interrupted. For this reason, it is necessary to frequently stop the driving units 6 and 7 to perform a corresponding treatment of pressing or cutting the crushed material D from above, and the crushing process takes time depending on the material of the crushed material D. There is a problem. Further, there is a problem that if the crushed material D is wound around and caught between the rotor blades 4, 5, the rotor blades 4, 5 and the like are damaged.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has a crushing method capable of performing a crushing process in a short time without damaging each part regardless of the material of the crushing material. It is an object to provide a device.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a crushing apparatus according to the present invention employs the following means.

That is, according to the first aspect, at least two rotor shafts, a rotor blade fixed coaxially to each rotor shaft at a fixed interval and arranged so as to mesh with an adjacent rotor shaft side, and rotating the rotor shaft. In the crushing device comprising a driving unit for driving, each rotor shaft is a prism, and a rectangular small projection is provided between the ridges of the prism, and the rotor blade is a double-blade type that presses the crushed material in both forward and reverse directions of rotation. The part is structured to enable individual drive control of each rotor shaft.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a comb-shaped scraper-type fixed blade that meshes with the rotor blade is provided outside the rotor shaft located on the outermost side of the crushing device of the first aspect.

[0010]

According to the above-mentioned means, according to the first aspect, each rotor shaft is individually driven and controlled, and the rotation speed, the rotation direction, etc. of each rotor blade are varied to determine the strength, direction, etc. of the impact pressure on the crushed material. Can be variable. For this reason, during the continuation of the crushing process driven by the drive unit, the same treatment as the above-described countermeasure against the interruption is performed on the crushed material, and each part is damaged in a short time regardless of the material of the crushed material. The problem of providing a crushing device capable of performing a crushing process without involving the above is solved. Further, slippage of the crushed material between the rotor blade and the rotor shaft is prevented.

Further, in the second aspect, the crushing of the crushed material is performed by the rotor blade and the scraper-type fixed blade at a portion other than the meshing portion of the rotor blade.

[0012]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a crushing apparatus according to the present invention.
This will be described with reference to FIGS.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of a crusher according to the present invention.

In this embodiment, the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are composed of two shafts as in the above-mentioned conventional example.

The rotor shafts 2 and 3 of this embodiment are formed in a cylindrical shape and are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction.

As shown in FIG. 1, separate hydraulic motors 61, 71, a hydraulic pump 62,
Drive units 6 and 7 including an electric motor 72 and electric motors 63 and 73 are connected to each other. A controller 9 having an operation unit 9 'is connected to the electric motors 63 and 73 of the drive units 6 and 7, respectively. Therefore, by operating the controller 9, the rotation of the rotor shafts 2 and 3 can be individually driven and controlled. The controller 9 includes a timer,
A memory function is provided, and each of the rotor shafts 2 and 3 is
The rotation speed, the rotation direction, the switching time of the rotation direction and the like can be input and automatically controlled. The controller 9 can also be manually operated by operating the operation unit 9 '.
The drive units 6 and 7 are arranged so as to be opposed to both sides of the rotor shafts 2 and 3 so as to prevent the influence of vibration and the like caused by the individual control.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the rotor blades 4 and 5 of this embodiment are coaxially fixed to the rotor shafts 2 and 3 at regular intervals and are engaged with the other rotor shafts 2 and 3 side by side. Are located. As shown in detail in FIG. 3, the rotor blades 4 and 5 are provided with bolts 43 and 53 on both sides of four protruding blade mounting portions 42 and 52 protruding radially from the ring-shaped main body portions 41 and 51, respectively. The cutting edges 44 and 54 are fixed so that the crushed material D can be pressed in both forward and reverse directions of rotation. In addition, the blade tip 4
4 and 54 are formed of a material having good wear resistance such as special hardened steel, but when they are worn, they can be easily replaced by the bolts 43 and 53.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a scraper type fixed blade 10 is engaged with the outside of the rotor blades 4 and 5. This scraper type fixed blade 10
As shown in detail in FIG. 4, a reinforcing plate 102 is provided on both front and back surfaces of a comb-shaped substrate 101 extending obliquely downward from the inlet 1.
103 is fixed.

According to this embodiment, in order to perform the crushing process, the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are basically rotated inward at the same speed as in the conventional example. Correspondingly, the rotation speed and rotation direction of both rotor shafts 2 and 3
The switching of the rotation direction is controlled. In addition, the scraper-type fixed blade 10 scrapes the crushed material D between the rotor blades 4 and 5 and performs secondary crushing.

That is, for example, the crushed material D is
If the rotor shafts 2 and 3 do not slide and jump on the rotor blades 4 and 5 and are not caught in the rotor blades 4 and 5, a difference is provided between the rotation speeds of the two rotor shafts 2 and 3 and
The posture of the crushed material D on the rotor blades 4 and 5 is forcibly changed, so that the impact force of the rotor blades 4 and 5 acts on the crushed material D easily. Further, the crushed material D is wound around the rotor blades 4 and 5,
If the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are pinched, one of the rotor shafts 2 and 3 is rotated in the opposite direction, and the crushed material D is twisted out or cut between the rotor blades 4 and 5. The scraper-type fixed blade 10 assists in twisting and cutting the crushed material D from between the two rotor blades 4 and 5 by the above function.

The rotation of one of the rotor shafts 2 and 3 in the opposite direction exerts a tearing force on the crushed material D already wound on the rotor blades 4 and 5. Therefore,
It is possible to reliably crush the crushed material D which is difficult to be crushed effectively only by the impact pressure. The rotor blades 4, 5
Is a double-edged shape, so that it can be crushed by applying a pressing force to the crushed material D even in the reverse rotation. Particularly, since the scraper-type fixed blade 10 is provided on the rotating side in the opposite direction, the crushing force does not decrease.

Accordingly, there is no need to temporarily stop the driving units 6 and 7 to perform a corresponding measure of pressing or cutting the crushed material D from above, and it is possible to perform a corresponding measure while continuing the crushing process. For this reason, damage to each part such as the rotor blades 4 and 5 is also prevented. In addition, by performing appropriate drive control in advance by the controller 9, the sliding of the crushed material D,
It can also prevent movement, winding, and pinching.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are hexagonal pillars, and small corner projections 2 'and 3' are provided on each of the six surfaces to form corners.

Since the corner formed by the hexagonal prism and the small rectangular projections 2 ', 3' is hooked on the crushed material D, slipping of the crushed material D between the rotor shafts 2, 3 and the rotor blades 4, 5 is prevented. , The crushing power increases. In particular, the above-mentioned tearing force is also increased. When the rotor shafts 2 and 3 are non-circular, the mounting strength of the rotor blades 4 and 5 increases.

In this embodiment, the rotor blades 4 and 5 are also provided with small rectangular projections 45 and 55, so that the rotor shafts 2 and 3 have six small protrusions.
It has the same function as the corners.

As described above, in addition to the illustrated embodiment, the driving units 6
7 can be individually controlled from a single drive source by branch switching of a power transmission structure.

Further, an embodiment in which three or more rotor shafts 2 and 3 are provided is also possible.

Further, the rotor blades 4 and 5 may have three or less or five or more irregularities.

[0029]

As described above, the crushing device according to the present invention has the following features.
As common to each claim, the rotation speed, the rotation direction, etc. of each rotor blade are varied to change the strength, direction, and the like of the crushing material against the crushed material, and the crushed material is controlled during the continuation of the crushing process driven by the drive unit. Since necessary countermeasures can be taken, there is an effect that crushing can be performed in a short time regardless of the material of the crushing material.

Further, the common aspect of the present invention is that the winding and pinching of the crushed material around the rotor blade can be prevented or promptly released, so that there is an effect that damage to each part such as the rotor blade is prevented. In addition, since the sliding of the crushed material between the rotor shaft and the rotor blade is reliably prevented, various forces on the crushed material are easily applied, and the crushing performance is further improved.

Further, in common with each claim, there is an effect that when the rotor blade is worn, the blade tip can be easily replaced.

Further, in the present invention, the crushed material is scraped off between the rotor blade and the scraper-type fixed blade.
Since the next crushing or the like is performed, there is an effect that the crushing performance is further improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part showing a first embodiment of a crushing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall plan view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a main part of the crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a conventional example.

FIG. 7 is a side view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG. 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

 2,3 Rotor shaft 4,5 Rotor blade 6,7 Drive unit 10 Scraper type fixed blade

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] At least two rotor shafts, a rotor blade fixed coaxially to each rotor shaft at a fixed interval and arranged so as to mesh with an adjacent rotor shaft side, and a drive unit for rotatingly driving the rotor shaft. In a crushing device comprising:
Each rotor shaft is a prism, and small square protrusions are provided between the ridges of the prism, and the rotor blades are double-blade that presses the crushed material in both forward and reverse directions of rotation, and the drive unit can individually control the drive of each rotor shaft A crushing device characterized by a simple structure. 2. The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a comb tooth-shaped scraper-type fixed blade that meshes with the rotor blade is provided outside the outermost rotor shaft.