JPH07246617A - Regenerative treating device of waste plastic - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate re-utilization as recources by a method wherein the hermetically sealable container of waste plastic is evacuated below the atmospheric pressure with an evacuating device and, at the same time, heated with a heating device so as to melt the waste plastic and then reduce its volume by compress it under pressure with a compressing device. CONSTITUTION:Waste plastic is charged in a container main body 1a and hermetically sealed by covering the main body with a cover 1b through a hydraulic clamp. Next, by evacuating the container 1, with an evacuating device 3 and, at the same time, lowering a press frame 4a, the waste plastic is compressed. Next, heated gas is circulated with a heated gas generating and circulating device 2 so as to gradually pressurize and heat the waste plastic in order to melt the waste plastic. By lowering the press frame 4a further to the predetermined stroke, the molten plastic is delivered through a delivery port 1f, which is connected to a molder, so as to obtain a molded article. Accordingly, the re-utilizing device as resources of waste plastic is simplified, resulting in facilitating re-utilization as resources.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for recycling plastic waste (hereinafter referred to as "waste plastic"), and in particular, waste plastic that is produced in large quantities as waste and can be reused as a resource. Playback device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, a large amount of industrial / commercial plastics have been used, but this used waste plastic is not decomposed naturally, and it has been widely discussed from the viewpoint of destroying the global environment.

Therefore, various methods for effectively utilizing waste plastic have been studied. Specific methods of this include incineration, effective use of heat energy generated at that time, recycling of waste plastics, dry distillation of waste plastics, and liquefying or oiling to obtain fuel. The method of is mentioned.

At present, most of the waste plastic is treated by incineration, and in order to use it as a part of recycled resources, the waste plastic is washed, dried and mechanically cut, or by a swing hammer or the like. It is crushed and granulated and provided as a raw material.

[0005]

However, incineration of most of the waste plastic not only damages the incinerator, but in the case of waste plastic containing chlorine and sulfur,
Hazardous acid gases such as hydrogen chloride and sulfur oxides are generated,
It will be more difficult to maintain the incinerator, and it will cause serious air pollution and environmental destruction, and there is concern that the acid rain will cause serious destruction of the forest.

Further, the incineration of such waste plastics is extremely wasteful, which is an extremely large loss in terms of economy and recycling of resources.

Therefore, it is extremely beneficial to recycle the waste plastic, but mechanical cutting and
The crushing method may be extremely difficult to process.

Specifically, for example, a film-shaped waste plastic is wound around the cutter shaft and adheres to a hammer or the like to press the movable portion and the main driving portion to cause a damage accident of the apparatus itself.

Further, in the mechanical cutting / crushing device, the processing capacity with respect to the scale of the device is low, and the manufacturing / purchasing cost and the power management cost are high, which is extremely uneconomical.

On the other hand, the method of obtaining fuel by dry distillation of waste plastic to liquefy or oil it consumes enormous amount of energy and has the same problems as incineration of waste plastic, which is a cost problem. Therefore, practical application is extremely difficult.

The present invention has been completed in view of the above technical problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a waste plastic recycling apparatus capable of reusing waste plastic that is generated in large quantities as waste as a resource. To do.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above object, a waste plastic recycling apparatus according to the present invention is capable of being sealed, and a waste plastic container and a decompression device for making the inside of the container below atmospheric pressure. And a heating device for melting the waste plastic.

The present invention will be described in detail below. The container used in the present invention can be sealed, and can carry in, store, and discharge waste plastic, and must have such strength that it is not deformed by decompression or deformed when the waste plastic is compressed by a compression device described later. There is no particular limitation as long as it has the heat resistance to withstand the melting of the waste plastic.

However, from the viewpoints of durability, simplification of maintenance and management, and stabilization of the quality of recycled plastic, it is desirable that this container is made of a material having corrosion resistance and corrosion resistance. Include, for example, stainless steel, corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy, and other non-corrosive metal materials, or general structural rolled steel materials (SS330, SS400, SS490, SS380, standardized in JIS G3101).
(SS480 etc.) or JIS G4051 standard carbon steel for machine structural use (S10C to S58C), etc., the inner surface of which is treated with enamel treatment, glass lining treatment or fluorine resin coating to impart corrosion resistance. And so on.

This container is composed of a lid and a container body. The lid is formed so as to be openable and closable. When the lid is opened, waste plastic is carried in and stored. Absent.

Further, it is preferable that the inside of the container can be inspected and maintained with the lid opened, and specifically, the inside of the container can be inspected when the lid is closed. Since it is significantly decompressed from the atmosphere, it is not necessary to fix it with bolts and nuts etc. for hermetically sealing the lid, the hinge is openable and closed, the container body and the lid are connected with a flange etc. Is adopted.

Of these, an automatic opening / closing method is preferable in consideration of the input of waste plastic, and the drive source may be selected from electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, or a combination thereof.

The container has a circular cross section, an oval shape,
The shape is not particularly limited, such as a polygon or a rectangle, and the front shape may be either vertically long or horizontally long in the installed state, and may be arbitrarily determined according to the conditions of the installation location of this container. For example, in the case of the vertically long type, the occupied area is small and the height is large, while in the case of the horizontally long type, the opposite is true.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned container is kept under atmospheric pressure, preferably 200 mmHg or less, and particularly preferably 5 mmHg or less.
A decompression device for reducing the pressure to 0 mmHg or less is used.
The pressure reducing device is not particularly limited.

As a vacuum device for decompressing the container body,
A vacuum pump that creates a vacuum, and a vacuum path that connects the container body and the vacuum pump are required.

As the vacuum pump, there are a reciprocating type, a rotary type and the like positive displacement type, and a turbo type centrifugal type and the like, and any one can be used freely.

Further, as another vacuum device for reducing the pressure of the container body, a circulating water flow pump for creating a vacuum and a vacuum path connecting the container body and the water flow pump are required.

When the degree of vacuum is low, an ordinary blower or compressor can be used. Conversely, when a high vacuum is required, it is necessary to use a high vacuum pump such as an oil rotary vacuum pump. is there.

As the vacuum path, any pipe, hose, duct, etc. may be used, but it is necessary to have a sealed structure capable of sufficiently holding a vacuum, and in some cases a heat resistant structure.

Further, it is optional whether or not a vacuum control device is provided as an auxiliary device, but it is preferable to provide it from the viewpoint of stable operation of the device and automation.

Whether or not the pressure inside the container body is detected by a pressure sensor, a pressure gauge, a pressure switch or the like is arbitrary. However, it is preferable to provide the device for automatic management and safety.

Further, if a depressurizing device is provided, deterioration of the waste plastic due to oxidation does not occur, and combustion does not occur even if the temperature inside the container exceeds the ignition point of the waste plastic. , And also has very beneficial performance.

In the present invention, if necessary, a nozzle for connecting a vacuum device for reducing the pressure inside the container body can be provided.

The present invention is provided with a heating means / device for heating and melting the waste plastic inside the container.

The heating means is not particularly limited as long as it is a system capable of heating and melting the waste plastic inside the container, but specifically, for example, a direct fire system for heating the container by direct fire, a gas・ Use a heat gas circulation method that heats air etc. and circulates the heat gas inside and outside the container, a heat oil circulation method that heats and circulates oil instead of gas, a heating method by steam, or heat generated by electric power It is configured by at least one type selected from an electric heater type and the like.

When the direct heating method or the hot gas / heat oil circulation method is adopted as the heating means, the fuel is kerosene,
In addition to known fuels such as liquid fuels such as heavy oil, liquid fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas, city gas and natural gas, solid fuels such as coal, coke, pulverized coal and firewood, industrial wastes can also be used as fuels. Good.

As the combustion device, a burner, a stoker,
Although any type such as a grate may be used, it is preferable to use a burner in view of the superiority of liquid and gas fuels, and a known burner such as a pressure atomizing burner, a gas burner, or a rotary burner is used.

When a hot gas circulation system is adopted as the heating means, any of a fan, a blower, a compressor, etc. may be used as the heat source circulation device, and in the case of the hot oil circulation system, a pump is used for pressure feeding. Alternatively, after moving to a high place by a pump, any method such as a circulation method by natural fall may be used, but it must have a heat resistant structure capable of sufficiently withstanding a circulating heat source.

When the direct heating method is adopted as the heating means, a vessel, a furnace or the like can be installed in the container body, and
When the hot gas / heat oil circulation system is adopted, a jacket structure may be provided around the container and a cavity may be provided inside the container so that the heat source can be circulated.

When steam is used, steam piping, a safety valve, a flow control valve, etc. are provided, a jacket structure is provided around the container, and a cavity is provided inside the container so that steam can easily heat the inside of the container. Can be

Furthermore, when an electric heater is used, a heater mounting bracket must be provided inside and outside the container so that the heater can be installed.

By the way, the container adopts a heat insulating structure using a heat insulating material such as glass wool, asbestos, aluminum foil, glass fiber for high temperature, refractory bricks, etc. in order to prevent heat dissipation and enhance heat efficiency if necessary. be able to.

As the circulation path, any piping, hoses, ducts, etc. may be used, but it is necessary to have a heat resistant structure capable of sufficiently withstanding the temperature of hot gas.

Further, it is optional to install a combustion control device, a temperature control device, a steam flow control device, a circulation control device, and a safety monitoring device as auxiliary devices.

However, the safe operation of the device, quality control,
From the viewpoint of automation, it is preferable to provide it.

The method for carrying the waste plastic into the above-mentioned container is not particularly limited, and the waste plastic is naturally dropped from the hopper, or the waste plastic is carried directly into the container by a belt conveyor or compressed gas. , There are various methods, but if the waste plastic is allowed to fall naturally from the hopper, the waste plastic may form a pledge in the hopper and the fall may not be performed smoothly. It is desirable to carry the compressed gas such as directly into the container.

The shape of the waste plastic to be carried in is not particularly limited, and specifically, it may be, for example, an original shape, or a rough shape or a crushed version of the original shape.

Next, in the present invention, it is optional whether or not a compression device is installed. However, during processing, the volume of waste plastic is reduced before melting so that the thermal efficiency at the time of heating is improved and the melting time is shortened. It is preferable to install because it shortens the time, and after melting, the structure in the treated material is made uniform and the quality is improved.

Further, it is optional whether or not a driving device for driving the compression device is provided. However, if the compression force of the waste plastic is large, the volume of the waste plastic in the container can be significantly reduced, the work load can be reduced, and the operation rate can be improved.

As the drive source of the drive unit, any known drive source such as a prime mover such as an internal combustion engine or an external combustion engine, an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, an oil / pneumatic cylinder can be used. Furthermore, gravity, atmospheric pressure, etc. existing in nature can also be adopted.

Known fuels such as gasoline, kerosene, liquid fuels such as methanol, liquid fuels such as liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, coal gas, hydrogen, etc., and solid fuels such as coal powder, pulverized coal etc. are used as the fuel for the prime mover. Is used.

A drive device using an electric motor has a smaller output with respect to weight than a drive device using a prime mover.
Since the operating noise is small and harmful exhaust gas is not emitted, the working environment can be improved.

When the above hydraulic motor / hydraulic cylinder is used, a prime mover or an electric motor, a hydraulic pump, and an auxiliary device are required, and the overall structure of the drive device is complicated.
It is effective when particularly strong output is required.

When the pneumatic cylinder is used, a prime mover or an electric motor, a compressor and an auxiliary device are required. However, the repair is easy and the environment is great, and it is effective when the small and medium output is required. is there.

In the present invention, the compression device may be composed of at least one selected from an up-down type, a push-pull type, and a swing type press via a hinge.

In this case, it is desirable that the compression device has a drive unit for moving up and down, pushing and pulling, or swinging because the handleability is good and the labor can be reduced.

When the pressure difference between the gravity and the atmospheric pressure is used, the driving motion form should be shared only in any one of "push / pull", "up / down", and "oscillating rotation". It is effective in all cases.

Specifically, when pushing and pulling a press type compression device, a counterweight is arranged on one side and is connected to the counterweight with a rope or the like via a pulley, so that, for example, the compression stroke is measured by the weight of the counterweight. , And the return stroke is shared by the driving force of the hydraulic cylinder or the like, whereby the power cost can be reduced. or,
The reverse is also possible.

When the volume of the waste plastic is reduced by the press type compression device during the operation of the depressurization device, the outer periphery of the movable part of the press and the inner periphery of the container are sealed with O-rings, Wilson seals, diaphragms and bellows. For example, if the waste plastic storage side is released below atmospheric pressure and the non-storage side is opened to atmospheric pressure with the movable part of the press as the boundary, a pressure difference will be generated, which will be the driving force of the press, reducing energy consumption. It

Specifically, for example, the inner diameter of the container is D = φ10
Assuming that the pressure difference in the container is 00 mm and the pressure in the container is P = 500 mmHg, the driving force F of the press is (π × D × D ÷ 4) ×
(P ÷ 760) = 5164 kgf will be generated.

The drive means of the compression device is not particularly limited, but specifically, for example, in the case of reciprocating motion as a drive method, it may be directly used as a compression force, or through a rack and pinion or the like, It may be used by replacing it with rotational force.

On the contrary, in the case of rotary motion as a driving method,
Rotational force may be used directly, for example screws, pinions,
It may be used by replacing it with reciprocating motion via a rack or the like.

The compression means of the above compression device is not particularly limited as long as it has a structure that reduces the volume of waste plastic.
For example, a press type compression device using a press frame, a screw conveyor type compression device using a screw, and the like can be adopted.

Further, in the case of the press type compression device, in addition to the "ascending / descending" system in which the movement direction is the direction of gravity, a "push / pull" system in the horizontal direction and a swinging system via a hinge are also included.

In the case of the above-mentioned press type compression device, it is arbitrary whether or not a guide is provided in the moving part. However, it is preferable to provide it in order to stabilize the movement.

The screw conveyor type compression device generates a moving force in the axial direction by the spiral shape of the screw and the reaction force of the rotary motion, and uses it as the compressive force.

Among these compression devices, the press type compression device is advantageous in that it has a large compression force and can realize a large-capacity treatment in one step, and the screw conveyor type compression device is advantageous in continuous waste plastic. It is advantageous in that it is possible to implement a dropping process and a wide range of processes from small capacity to large capacity.

In the present invention, since waste plastic is easily provided as a molding material, it may be in the shape of a sphere, a cylinder, a pellet, a billet, a granule, a powder, a dry blend, a fluff or a glass. desirable.

Specifically, this is possible by connecting the granulating apparatus and the reprocessing apparatus according to the present invention capable of heating and melting the waste plastic.

In the plastic granulator, a cold cut method is used in which the melted plastic is formed into a strand shape, which is cooled in a water tank and cut and formed by a cutter. The heated plastic is formed into a strand shape, cut and formed by a cutter, and then air-cooled. There are various granulation methods such as a hot-cut method of pressure feeding, and further, an underwater-cut method in which molten plastic is formed into a strand in running water, cut and formed by an underwater rotary cutter, and dehydrated by a continuous centrifugal dehydrator. May be used.

In the present invention, as a method of providing a molding material, when it is stored for a long period of time or accompanied by transportation, it is preferable that the waste plastic after processing is molded into a solid block in a minimum space. This is extremely advantageous because it is possible and the storage space can be minimized and the transportation cost can be reduced.

As a solid block molding method, a mold having an arbitrary shape such as a box shape, a cylindrical shape, or a polygonal shape is installed at the discharge port of the reprocessing apparatus of the present invention, and a predetermined amount of molten plastic is poured into the solid block molding method. It is possible.

Further, a die cutting machine and a cooling device may be installed at the discharge port for continuous processing.

In the present invention, when the waste plastic is supplied to the molding material in a molten state, the steps of cooling, granulating, heating and remelting can be omitted, resulting in the realization of energy saving and the molding efficiency being extremely improved. It is extremely advantageous.

The molding machine is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a well-known billet molding machine, injection molding machine, extrusion molding machine, blow molding machine and the like. It is also possible to directly connect and mold various molded products (products) for use.

[0071]

The apparatus for recycling waste plastics according to the present invention comprises a container of waste plastics, a decompressor for reducing the pressure of the container to atmospheric pressure, and a heating device for heating and melting the waste plastics. In addition, if necessary, it is equipped with a compression device to reduce the volume of waste plastic in the container, so it can be provided to the secondary processing and molding departments as an extremely high quality molding material, and it can be transported in the smallest space even during transportation. This makes it possible to recycle the waste plastic.

By performing heating / melting treatment under vacuum, a safe and efficient treatment process can be realized. Specifically, the pressure in the container becomes atmospheric pressure or less and the air becomes thin. Even if the temperature inside the container rises above the ignition temperature, the plastic will not burn.

Furthermore, since the air having a small thermal conductivity is diluted, a synergistic effect with the melting point lowering phenomenon under vacuum causes
Processing can be achieved in a shorter time than heating / melting at atmospheric pressure.

[0074]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The waste plastic recycling apparatus of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a regeneration processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of its container and a compression apparatus.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, this recycling apparatus is a sealable and waste plastic container 1, a decompression device 2 for making the inside of the container 1 below atmospheric pressure, and heating and melting of the waste plastic. Although it has a basic structure with a heating device 3 for performing, in this embodiment, melting of waste plastic,
In order to promote the volume reduction, a compression device 4 described later is attached above the lid 1b.

As shown in FIG. 2, the container 1 is provided with a pair of front and rear columns 5a, 5a on the left and right on a pedestal 5 having a total of four bolts.
The container 1 is fastened and supported by fixing (not shown), and the container 1 is composed of a stainless steel container body 1a and a lid 1b. The container body 1a is formed in a cylindrical vertical shape. In addition, the connection between the container body 1a and the lid 1b is flanged, and is automatically openable / closable by the hydraulic clamp 1c.

The container body 1a has a double structure in which the outer periphery except the lower end is covered with a jacket 1d.
A space 1e is provided between the inner surface of the jacket 1d and the outer circumference of the container body 1a, and a molten plastic outlet 1f is formed at the lower end of the container body 1a. The 1f is provided with a vacuum gate valve 1k that can be automatically opened and closed by air pressure, while the jacket 1d is provided with a hot gas suction port 1g and a discharge port 1h by welding, and The heat gas can be circulated, and the circulation path of the hot gas, the discharge port 1f of the molten plastic, and the portion heated by the hot gas are formed into a heat resistant structure. In this embodiment, the outer periphery of the jacket 1d is covered with the heat insulating material 1i in order to save energy.

FIG. 3 shows an example of the decompression device 2 preferably used in the present invention. The decompression device 2 is connected via a vacuum path 1j communicating with the inside of the container body 1a. In this case, a fill 2a is provided in the vicinity of the vacuum path 1j to make clean air, and air is operated via the vacuum path 2h. The vacuum valve 2b and the vacuum tank 2c are arranged in series, and the vacuum tank 2c is provided with a vacuum pump 2d so as to discharge the sucked air into the atmosphere.

Further, in this embodiment, a vacuum switch 2e is arranged in the vacuum tank 2c, and a vacuum switch 2f and a vacuum breaking electromagnetic valve 2g are arranged between the filter 2a and the air actuated vacuum valve 2b on the vacuum path 2h. Management and control to ensure smooth and smooth operation of the equipment and to ensure safety.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a heating device that is preferably used to supply and circulate the hot gas necessary for heating and melting waste plastic.

The heating device 3 is provided with a combustion chamber 3a for generating and circulating hot gas, and a combustion device 3b. The combustion device 3b is not particularly limited. Specifically, for example, a burner or a stoker. , A grate, etc., but a burner is used in this embodiment.

The fuel used in the combustion device 3b is not particularly limited. Specifically, for example, liquid fuel such as kerosene or heavy oil, gas fuel such as liquefied petroleum gas, city gas, natural gas, In addition to solid fuels such as coal, coke, pulverized coal, and firewood, industrial wastes and the like may be used as the fuel, but in this embodiment, city gas is used that is easy to handle and easy to control.

The combustion apparatus 3b is provided with an air control path 30 and a gas (fuel) control path 31. The air control path 30 has a combustion air fine adjustment damper 3c and a combustion control control motor. 3d, a combustion air amount control damper 3e controlled by the combustion control control motor 3d, a combustion air pressure detection switch 3f, and a combustion air fan 3g are arranged in series.

Further, two combustion gas electromagnetic valves 3h are arranged in series in the gas control path 31 for safety, and the valves open proportionally as the combustion air amount increases, and the gas amount becomes equal to the air amount. Gas flow control valve 3i that follows, pressure detection switch 3j for detecting abnormal decrease in combustion gas pressure, pressure detection switch 3k for detecting abnormal rise in combustion gas pressure, fuel gas automatically when an abnormal signal in the device is output The gas emergency shutoff valve 3l for shutting off and stopping the supply and the gas source valve 3m are arranged in series.

By the way, the automatic ignition system of the burner is provided with an automatic ignition device 3n and a spark plug 3o, and the combustion chamber 3a is provided with an ultraviolet detector 3p for automatically detecting whether combustion is normally performed. ing.

3q is a blower for circulating hot gas, and this blower 3q for circulating hot gas supplies the hot gas generated in the combustion chamber 3a to the container body 1a and the compression device 4 described later through the circulation path 32 and circulates it. It

That is, the hot gas flows from the suction port 1g into the jacket 1d, then flows out from the discharge port 1h and returns to the combustion chamber 3a, while passing through the swivel joint or the heat-resistant hose to the compression device 4 Of the two hollow rods 40, 40 also serving as the elevating guide, the hot gas flowing from one hollow rod 40 flows through the press frame 4a and is discharged from the other hollow rod 40, and the container body 1a
It is configured so that it merges with the hot gas discharged further and is collected in the combustion chamber 3a.

In addition, the hot gas suction port 1 is provided in the circulation path 32.
A hot air flow rate control valve 3r is provided in front of g, and a hot air flow rate control valve 3r is provided in front of the hollow rod 40 on the hot air gas suction side of the compression device 4.
s are provided respectively, and the structure is such that smooth hot gas circulation is realized.

In the regeneration processing apparatus of this embodiment, a temperature detecting thermocouple 3t is provided together with a temperature indicating controller 3u in the container body 1a for smooth operation and improvement of the quality of the processed product. It is controlled by the control motor 3d for combustion control so that

Further, in order to ensure the safety of this regeneration processing apparatus, an abnormal temperature detecting thermocouple 3v is provided in the container body 1a together with the abnormal temperature indicating controller 3w so that the temperature does not exceed the set temperature by interlocking them. It is controlled so that if it exceeds the limit, an abnormal signal is emitted, the gas emergency shutoff valve 3l is operated, and the burner combustion is stopped.

The heating device 3 is equipped with an interlock described below for safety. First, when the burner is ignited, the container body 1a and the lid 1b are connected to the hydraulic clamp 1c.
After confirming that they are hermetically sealed, the compressor 4 begins to descend after reaching the set vacuum in the container 1, and both the pressure detection switch 3j and the combustion air pressure detection switch 3f are "normal".
Then, the control motor 3d for combustion control is set to "minimum open", the hot gas circulation blower 3q is started, and the ignition condition becomes sufficient, and the ignition switch "ON" causes burner ignition to start temperature control of hot gas.

In this case, instead of the above, the waste plastic may be charged while the container body 1a is heated and the temperature is controlled. Since air is in contact with the air, it is necessary to keep the temperature inside the container body 1a lower than the ignition point of the waste plastic in order to prevent fire.

To stop the burner abnormally, the container temperature "abnormal" 3w and the pressure detection switch 3k for detecting an abnormal rise are detected.
"Abnormal", pressure detection switch 3j "Abnormal", pressure detection switch 3k "Abnormal" for detecting abnormal rise in combustion gas pressure, combustion air pressure detection switch 3f "Abnormal", UV detector 3p "Abnormal", hydraulic clamp 1c If any one of "open", "abnormal" in the vessel 1 "abnormal", and "abnormal" in air temperature occurs, the gas emergency shutoff valve 3l operates and stops.

Next, the compression device 4 preferably used in the present invention will be described. The compression device 4 is used for reducing the volume of the waste plastic in the container 1. In this embodiment, I am using a lifting press. The structure will be described below.

In FIG. 2, the compression device 4 includes two hollow rods 40, 40 also serving as elevating guides, a hollow press frame 4a attached to the end portions of the hollow rods 40, 40, and a drive unit. Hollow rod 4 consisting of 4g
0 and the hollow portion of the press frame 4a are communicated with each other, and the hot gas flowing from one hollow rod 40 is pressed into the press frame 4a.
It is configured such that it flows through the inside of a, is discharged from the other hollow rod 40, merges with the hot gas discharged from the container body 1a, and is collected and circulated in the combustion chamber 3a.

The two hollow rods 40, 40 also functioning as the elevating guide are slidably supported by the guide housing of the lid 1b via the guide bushes 4b, and have a structure capable of sufficiently withstanding the hot gas temperature. Bellows, diaphragm,
It has a vacuum sealing device such as Wilson seal.

The press frame 4a is configured to be driven by a drive unit 4g, and to be guided by a guide rod 4e and an elevating frame 4c which are erected on the pedestal 5, and the guide rod 4e and the elevating frame. 4c
Secures a distance equal to or longer than the lifting stroke of the container 1.

The elevating frame 4c has a guide bush 4b and a guide rod 4e fitted therein in order to enable stable elevating operation, and is slidably supported.
The guide rods 4e have four guide rods 4e and are arranged in a rectangular shape. The lower part of the guide rods 4e is connected to the pedestal 5 and the upper part thereof is connected to the upper frame 4f to form an arch structure.

In this embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder is used as the drive unit 4g, but the drive unit 4g is not limited to this. Further, in this case, the drive unit 4g is attached to the lower portion of the elevating frame 4c via the bracket 4h attached between the upper surfaces of the pedestals 5, so that the clevis support does not receive an unbalanced load.

The lifting drive force of the drive unit 4g, that is, the hydraulic cylinder is transmitted to the hollow press frame 4a through the bracket 4h, the lift frame 4c, and the two hollow rods 40 also serving as the lift guides. Forming a press system.

In this embodiment, the ascending / descending stroke of the hydraulic cylinder has a stroke for ensuring a space for charging the waste plastic, and the hydraulic pressure connecting the container body 1a and the lid 1b when securing the space for charging the plastic. A state in which the clamp 1c is released and the container body 1a and the lid 1b can be separated,
That is, the lid 1b can be raised to the waste plastic charging space securing position through the mounting bracket 4h, the elevating frame 4c, and the press frame 4a by raising the hydraulic cylinder to the press uppermost limit position to bring it into the open state. It has a structure that enables the input of waste plastic.

Next, the operation of the reproduction processing apparatus main body according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described. It is assumed that the hot gas generation and circulation device is in operation and the vacuum device is ready for operation.

First, when the waste plastic is put into the container body 1a, it is confirmed that the hydraulic clamp 1c is "open", and the drive frame (hydraulic cylinder) 4g presses the press frame 4a.
Then, the lid 1b is lifted up to the position of the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 2 together with the elevating frame 4c to secure a loading space, and a predetermined amount of waste plastic is loaded by a transfer means such as a conveyor, a hopper, and pneumatic transportation.

After the completion of charging, the press frame 4a, the elevating frame 4c, and the lid 1b are lowered until they hit the container body 1a, and the container body 1a and the lid 1b are fixed and sealed by the hydraulic clamp 1c (solid line portion in FIG. 2).

After the above confirmation, decompression is started by the decompression device 2 and after the set vacuum pressure is reached, the drive frame (hydraulic cylinder) 4g lowers the press frame 4a to compress the waste plastic and to form a hot gas generation circulation device. Circulates hot gas to the outer periphery of the container body 1a and inside the press frame 4a,
The waste plastic in the container is gradually pressurized, heated, and melted.

The press frame 4a continues to descend further,
When the predetermined stroke determined in advance is reached, the melting is completed (one-dot chain line in FIG. 2).

This is because the weight of the waste plastic is measured in advance, the weight before and after melting is equal, and the volume of the container body 1a is known, so that liquids of the same specific gravity with a constant weight have the same weight. If you store it in a shaped container,
This is because the relationship that the liquid level is the same is established.

Then, the inside of the container body 1a is returned to atmospheric pressure,
The molten waste plastic is discharged by opening the vacuum gate valve 1k that can be automatically opened and closed from the molten plastic discharge port 1f.

The opening / closing portion of the vacuum gate valve 1k has a double structure of a molten plastic partition gate and a vacuum sealing gate to prevent molten plastic from coming into contact with the vacuum sealing gate. .

The operation procedure of the decompression device 4 is as follows. First, as a pre-operation preparation for the decompression device 4, the presence or absence of an abnormal signal or the like from each part is confirmed, and the air-operated vacuum valve 2
The b is closed, the vacuum pump 2d is operated until the set pressure of the vacuum switch 2e is reached, and then stopped.

Next, when the apparatus is in operation, the vacuum breaking solenoid valve 2
Container 1 with g closed and air operated vacuum valve 2b open.
The air inside is sucked into the vacuum tank 2c, and the vacuum switch 2e,
If both 2f do not reach the set vacuum pressure, the above pre-operation preparation is repeated until they reach the set vacuum pressure.

On the other hand, when the melting ends, the molten material (waste plastic)
After the discharge is completed, the vacuum breaking electromagnetic valve 2g may be "opened", the pressure in the container may be returned to the atmospheric pressure, and then the air operated vacuum valve 2b may be "closed".

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the compression apparatus of the press system in which the apparatus for recycling waste plastic in this apparatus has a drive section for only one step.

The container 1 is capable of being sealed and capable of carrying in, storing, and discharging waste plastic. A depressurizing device and a heating device (not shown) can be connected to the container 1, and by depressurizing. It has such strength that it is not deformed or deformed when a waste plastic is compressed by a compression device (not shown).

The press frame 7a has a structure capable of compressing waste plastic, has heat resistance to withstand melting of the waste plastic, and has guide rods 7b and 7c on both left and right sides for stably operating the compression device. The container 1 is fastened and fixed with bolts via a flange.
The inside is slidably supported by a guide bush 7d.

Further, the sliding support portion is provided with a vacuum sealing device such as a bellows, a diaphragm, and a Wilson seal having a structure capable of sufficiently withstanding the melting temperature of the waste plastic.

Further, the guide rod 7b has a hollow structure, and the wire rope 7e is formed in a structure capable of penetrating the hollow inside of the guide rod 7b.
Is connected to the press frame 7a by a bracket integrally formed with a pin, passes through the inside of the guide rod 7b, changes from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction via the sheave 7f, and is attached to the counterweight 7g via the bracket.

In the embodiment of FIG. 5, when the press frame 7a moves to the left, the driving pressure of the cylinder 7h is released to the atmospheric pressure so that the press frame 7a can be operated by an external force, and the counterweight 7g is moved only by its own weight. In addition, when moving to the right, the driving force may be applied to the cylinder 7h.

In this case, either the left or right side of the press frame 7a may be the compression side of the waste plastic.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show another embodiment, in which the press type compression device has a structure in which one part can be separated into the atmospheric pressure or less and the other part can be separated into the atmospheric pressure with the movable part as a boundary in the container 1. It is an example of a device.

The container 1 can be sealed, and can carry in, store and discharge waste plastic, and can be connected to a decompression device and a heating device so that it can be deformed by decompression or compressed waste plastic by a compression device. It has such strength that it does not deform when it is subjected to heat, and has heat resistance to withstand the melting of waste plastic.

The press frame 9a is provided with a sealing device 9b on the outer circumference of the press frame 9a so that the inner circumference of the container 1 and the outer circumference of the press frame 9a can be pressure-separated. The sealing device 9b includes a bellows, a diaphragm, an O ring,
Alternatively, it is composed of at least one method selected from Wilson seal.

The press frame 9a can wind the wire rope 9c through the sheave 9d by the winding cylinder 9e which changes its direction from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction.

A sheave 9d and a winding drum 9e are attached and fixed to the container 1. The winding drum 9e is, as shown in FIG.
Both ends are supported by pillow blocks 9f, and a clutch 9 is attached to a shaft extending from one end through a coupling 9g.
The electric motor 9i with a speed reducer is arranged in series to form a drive system.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 6 and 7, when moving to the lower side of the press frame 9a, that is, the compression side of the waste plastic, the clutch 9h is released to insulate the driving force of the electric motor 9i with a reducer. By operating the pressure reducing device connected to the container 1, a pressure difference is generated between the upper and lower sides of the press frame 9a, which is used as the driving force of the compression device.

When the compression device is raised, the inside of the container 1 is returned to atmospheric pressure, the clutch 9h is connected, and the electric motor 9i with a reducer is activated to raise the press frame 9a through the wire rope 9c. You can

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a reproduction processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention. This reproduction processing apparatus is a container 1
And a heating device for heating and melting the waste plastic and a depressurizing device for making the inside of the container below atmospheric pressure, and a screw conveyor 11 for transferring and compressing the processing material inside the container.

The container body 10a has an L-shaped cross section on the side surface and a cylindrical shape in the cross section in the processing material moving direction.

In the L-shaped section of the container body 10a, the vertical upper surface which is the waste plastic charging port is connected to the vacuum gate valve 10b which can be automatically opened / closed by air pressure by flange alignment, and the L-shaped section peripheral body section. The entire circumference and the end of the horizontal portion of the L-shaped cross section are covered with a jacket 10c, and additionally, a vacuum path 10d for attaching a pressure reducing device and a discharge port 10e for molten plastic are provided.

The jacket 10c has a structure in which a space is provided between the jacket 10c and the outer periphery of the container body 10a so that hot gas can circulate.
The peripheral body is provided with a hot gas inlet port 10f and a hot gas outlet port 10g, a melting device is connected by flange alignment, and a heat insulating material 10h covers the outer circumference of the jacket 10c to dissipate the temperature inside the container. Is being prevented.

The container body 10a, the vacuum gate valve 10b, the vacuum passage 10d for attaching the decompression device, and the molten plastic discharge port 10e have a heat-resistant structure that sufficiently withstands heating and melting temperatures and a sealed structure that sufficiently holds vacuum. In addition, the jacket 10c, the hot gas suction port 10f, and the hot gas discharge port 10g have a heat-resistant structure that sufficiently withstands the heating and melting temperature, and the container 1 is constituted by these.

A vacuum spare container 12a is fixed to the upper part of the container body 10a through a vacuum gate valve 10b by flange alignment, and a pressure reducing device mounting opening 12b is provided on the side surface of the vacuum spare container 12a. ing.

Further, a vacuum gate valve 12c is fixed to the upper portion of the vacuum container 12a by flange alignment,
The vacuum preliminary container system constituted by these has a heat resistant structure that sufficiently withstands heating and melting temperatures and a sealed structure that sufficiently holds vacuum.

This vacuum preliminary container system is provided in order to enable continuous operation of this embodiment, and has a structure such that waste plastic can be dropped and supplied even when the apparatus main body is operating in a vacuum environment.

That is, when the vacuum gate valve 10b is closed and the vacuum gate valve 12c is opened, waste plastic is charged, and after the predetermined amount has been charged, the vacuum gate valve 12c is closed to mount the decompression device. By reducing the pressure to the same level as the vacuum of the apparatus main body by the opening 12b, and opening the vacuum gate valve 10b after the completion of the pressure reduction, the waste plastic can be dropped into the apparatus main body.

On the lower surface of the molten plastic discharge port 10e, a vacuum gate valve 10i and a vacuum release spare container 13 are provided.
a, the vacuum gate valve 13b is fixed in series by flange alignment, and on the side surface of the vacuum release preliminary container 13a,
The decompression device mounting port 13c is provided, and the vacuum releasing preliminary container system constituted by these has a heat resistant structure that sufficiently withstands the heating and melting temperatures and a sealing structure that sufficiently holds the vacuum.

The vacuum releasing auxiliary container system is provided in order to realize the continuous operation of this embodiment, and has a structure such that molten plastic can be discharged even when the apparatus main body is operating in a vacuum environment. .

That is, both the vacuum gate valves 10i and 13b are closed, and the inside of the vacuum releasing preliminary container is decompressed by the decompression device mounting port 13c so as to be the same as the vacuum of the device main body.
Open the vacuum gate valve 10i and let molten plastic flow in until it reaches a predetermined amount.
Molten plastic can be discharged by closing 0i and opening the vacuum breaking solenoid valve of the pressure reducing device system connected to the pressure reducing device mounting port 13c to bring the pressure to atmospheric pressure and opening the vacuum gate valve 13b.

The opening / closing portions of the vacuum gate valves 10i and 13b have a double structure of a molten plastic partition gate and a vacuum sealing gate to prevent molten plastic from coming into contact with the vacuum sealing gate. There is.

Further, the screw conveyor 11a is hollow around the hollow shaft and communicates with the hollow shaft (FIG. 8 cross hatching portion), and the screw having an airfoil cross section is fixed in a spiral shape to enable circulation of hot gas, The structure is such that waste plastic can be transferred by rotating, and these forms a screw conveyor system.

Rotational support of the screw conveyor 11a is supported through sliding bearings 11b in the housing provided at both ends of the L-shaped horizontal section of the container body 10a.
Further, it has a vacuum sealing device such as a bellows, a diaphragm, a Wilson seal, etc., which has a structure that can sufficiently withstand the temperature of hot gas.

The axial support of the screw shaft is carried out by the sliding contact between the collar provided on the screw shaft and the sliding bearing 11b and the flange of the integral structure.

Further, swivel joints 11c are arranged at both ends of the hollow shaft of the screw conveyor 11a so that hot gas can be supplied to the rotary shaft. In this embodiment, the screw conveyor 11a is driven by the waste plastic feeding side. The screw conveyor drive shaft has a gear box 11d composed of a set of bevel gears, the drive shaft 11f is arranged vertically downward through a bearing 11e, and is connected to an electric motor 11h by a flange type shaft coupling 11g.

The gear box 11d, the bearing 11e, and the electric motor 11h are attached to and supported by the frame 14.

The gear box 11d is lubricated and cooled by forced lubrication so that heat due to hot gas is not transmitted to the drive shaft 11f side. Furthermore, a heat insulating material is incorporated in the flange type shaft coupling 11g to completely heat the electric motor. We are careful not to reach the 11h side.

Next, the operation of the embodiment of the reproduction processing apparatus of FIG. 8 will be described. It is assumed that the hot gas generating and circulating device and the vacuum device are ready for operation.

When the container main body 10a is charged with plastic, the vacuum gate valve 10b is closed, and the pressure of the vacuum preliminary container is opened to the vacuum breaking valve of the vacuum generator connected to the vacuum path 10d for attaching the decompression device to the atmospheric pressure. Then, the vacuum gate valve 12c is opened, a predetermined amount of waste plastic is dropped, the vacuum gate valve 12c is closed, and the vacuum is evacuated until the pressure becomes the same as that in the container body 10a.

In advance, the container main body 10a is hermetically sealed, decompressed to an operable vacuum, heated to a set heating / melting temperature, and the screw conveyor 11a is also rotating. The waste plastic stored in the container 12a is supplied by dropping the vacuum gate valve 10b and then closing the vacuum gate valve 10b.

In order to sequentially drop the waste plastic, the upper vacuum spare container 12a returns the pressure in the vacuum spare container 12a to the atmospheric pressure, opens the vacuum gate valve 12c, and stores a predetermined amount of waste plastic. The gate gate valve 12c is closed, the pressure is reduced to the same pressure as the container body 10a, and the process waits until the next input signal.

The waste plastic dropped from the vacuum preliminary container 12a is gradually melted by being heated by hot gas while being horizontally moved by the screw conveyor 11 in sequence, and the compression chamber formed by the end of the screw conveyor 11a and the container body 10a. Even if the compression chamber is sequentially conveyed to, and the compression chamber is filled with the semi-molten plastic, the supply from the screw conveyor continues, the plastic in the compression chamber is pressurized as much as possible, and the melting is completed. The vacuum gate valve 10i of the vacuum releasing spare container 13a, which is held and sealed in the same vacuum as the container body 10a in advance, opens and is discharged to the vacuum releasing spare container 13a from the molten plastic discharge port 10e. Gate valve 10i is closed.

Opening the vacuum break valve of the vacuum generator connected to the vacuum release spare container 13a to atmospheric pressure, and opening the vacuum gate valve 13b to discharge the molten plastic,
After this discharge is completed, the vacuum gate valve 13b is closed, the pressure in the vacuum release preliminary container 13a is reduced, and the discharge of the molten plastic generated in the compression chamber of the upper container body 10 is waited for. Hereinafter, the above operation is repeated.

In this embodiment, if the processing capacity is to be improved, a plurality of screw conveyors are arranged, a switching valve is provided at the vacuum preliminary container charging port, and the waste plastic is distributed to each screw conveyor. It may be a column process.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example of providing the molding material discharged from the waste plastic recycling apparatus of the present invention.

The waste plastic heated and melted by the container 1 is supplied to the strand die 16, molded into a strand shape, poured into a water tank 17, cooled and solidified, and then the strand is sent to a cutter 18 by a feeder. It is possible to cut the sample to a predetermined size, form a pellet, and then supply the pellet to a hopper of a known injection molding machine 19 to form a secondary processed product having an arbitrary shape.

The strand die 16 to the cutter 18
This step is referred to as a cold-cut granulating device, and other known granulating devices such as a hot-cut granulating device and an underwater cutting granulating device exist, and any may be used.

In the present invention, as a method of providing a molding material, when it is necessary to store it for a long period of time or when it needs to be transported, it is preferable to mold the waste plastic after treatment into a solid block in a minimum space. This is extremely advantageous because the storage space can be minimized and the transportation cost can be reduced.

As the solid block molding method, a mold of any shape such as a box shape, a circle or a polygon is installed at the discharge port of the recycling apparatus of the present invention, and a predetermined amount of molten plastic is put in this mold. It can be molded simply by pouring.

In the present invention, when the waste plastic is supplied to the molding material in a molten state, the product can be directly manufactured by the molding machine, so that the steps of cooling, granulating, heating and remelting can be omitted, resulting in energy saving. And molding efficiency are improved, which is extremely advantageous.

This molding machine is not particularly limited, but specifically, for example, a known billet molding machine,
An injection molding machine, an extrusion molding machine, a blow molding machine and the like can be mentioned, and various molded products (products) can be molded by directly connecting to the reprocessing apparatus of the present invention.

[0161]

As described above, the waste plastic recycling apparatus of the present invention has the effect of recycling waste plastic into reusable resources without incineration.

In the present invention, since the heating device for heating and melting the waste plastic is provided,
When the treated material is provided to the secondary molding and processing departments, the treated material is molded into a shape that is preferable as the molding material, so it is extremely easy to use as a recycling resource, or it is molded into a shape that is easy to transport during transportation. Therefore, it is extremely beneficial from the viewpoint of distribution efficiency.

Also, by directly connecting this molten waste plastic to a molding machine such as a well-known injection molding machine, a product (molded product) can be directly obtained, and as a result, energy saving and production efficiency are greatly improved. Improve to.

In the present invention, as the heating / melting means,
When the hot gas circulation system is adopted, a space is provided between the container body and the jacket, and the hot gas is circulated therein for heating and melting, so that the thermal efficiency is extremely excellent.

In this case, when the compression device is provided,
If a space is also provided in the compression part that is in contact with the waste plastic so that hot gas can be circulated, uniform heating and melting can be performed from the entire circumference of the waste plastic, further improving the thermal efficiency,
The melting time can be further shortened.

In the present invention, since the decompression device for decompressing the inside of the container is provided, the pressure can be reduced to the atmospheric pressure or less during heating and melting, and as a result, the heat transfer efficiency is improved and the melting is facilitated. Have.

Further, since the inside of the container is depressurized at the time of this heating and melting, there is no deterioration due to the oxidation reaction and it is stable,
It has the effect of recycling waste plastic into high-quality recycled resources.

Further, when heating and melting the waste plastic,
Even if the temperature inside the container may exceed the flash point of the plastic, the oxygen concentration required for combustion is low in the container, so combustion does not occur, resulting in extremely safe operation.

In the present invention, if a compression device is provided during the processing of waste plastics, the waste plastics can be pressurized, resulting in improved volumetric efficiency and thermal efficiency, and homogenization of the texture in the treated material. This is extremely beneficial as it eliminates the formation of blowholes and cavities and improves quality.

In the present invention, when a compressor capable of continuously transferring waste plastic is adopted, continuous operation is possible and extremely efficient operation can be realized, and a wide range of processing from small capacity to large capacity can be achieved. It has the effect that

In particular, a screw conveyor system was adopted as a compressing device capable of continuous transfer, and a vacuum generating chamber and a releasing chamber were provided above the waste plastic input port and below the waste plastic discharge port as buffers in the container and the atmosphere, respectively. Those having a structure have the effect of significantly improving the processing capacity.

In the present invention, the apparatus main body, the heating / melting apparatus, and the vacuum generating apparatus are measured and controlled by sensors such as temperature, pressure, and position, and are controlled in process or sequence in close cooperation with each other. In addition to ensuring smooth and safe operation, unmanned operation can be realized and labor saving can be further improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a container and a compression device preferably used in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a heating device preferably used in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a pressure reducing device that is preferably used in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of another compression device preferably used in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a compression device according to another embodiment preferably used in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing the driving unit of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of a container and a compression device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing an apparatus for recycling waste plastic.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 container 1a container body 1b lid 2 heating device 3 decompression device 4 compression device

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A recycling apparatus for waste plastic, comprising a container of waste plastic that can be sealed, a decompression device for making the inside of the container below atmospheric pressure, and a heating device for melting the waste plastic. . 2. The recycling apparatus for waste plastic according to claim 1, wherein the container comprises a lid and a container body, and the lid is formed so as to be openable and closable. 3. The waste plastic recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the container is made of a corrosion-resistant material. 4. The heating device is an open flame system, a hot gas circulation system,
4. At least one selected from a steam heating method, a hot oil circulation method, and an electric heater method.
2. The recycling processing apparatus for waste plastic according to any one of 1. 5. The waste plastic recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste plastic is carried into a container by a belt conveyor or compressed gas. 6. The waste plastic recycling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a compression device that pressurizes the waste plastic in the container to reduce its volume. . 7. The apparatus for recycling waste plastic according to claim 6, wherein the compression device is composed of at least one selected from an up-down type, a push-pull type, and an oscillating type press via a hinge. 8. The recycling apparatus for waste plastic according to claim 7, wherein the compression device has a drive unit for moving up and down, pushing and pulling, or swinging. 9. The apparatus for recycling waste plastic according to claim 7, wherein the lifting type, push-pull type, or rocking type press has a drive portion for only one stroke. 10. The press type compression device is configured such that one stroke is connected to a counterweight and is movable by gravity, while the return stroke is movable by a drive unit such as an oil / pneumatic cylinder, an electric motor, or a prime mover. The waste plastic recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 11. A press type compression device is constructed so that a pressure difference is generated by setting a movable part in a container as a boundary and keeping the waste plastic side in the container below atmospheric pressure and the other as atmospheric pressure. The waste plastic recycling apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 9. 12. The apparatus for recycling waste plastic according to claim 6, wherein the compression device is a rotary screw conveyor. 13. The waste according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the waste plastic is formed into a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape, a pellet, a billet, a granule, a powder, a dry blend, a fluff or a glass and provided to a molding material. Plastic recycling equipment. 14. The apparatus for recycling waste plastic according to claim 1, wherein the waste plastic is formed into a solid block shape and provided to a molding material. 15. The apparatus for recycling waste plastic according to claim 1, wherein the waste plastic is supplied to the molding material in a molten state.