JPH07241169A - Deodorizing agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an oral deodorizing agent for excrementitious matter capable of deodorizing excrementitious matter of a livestock, a pet and another animal and bird by compounding a cultured microorganism, e.g. a thermostable actinomyces as main component. CONSTITUTION:This oral deodorizing agent contains a cultured product of a deodorizing microorganism or spores or microbial cells separated from the cultured product as an active component. By oral administration of this agent, excrementitious matter evacuated has no malodor As the deodorizing microorganism, an actinomyces, especially a thermostable actinomyces is preferable. Microorganisms of the families of Streptomyces, Themomonospora, Thermoactinomyces, etc., which are a medium temperature actinomyces or a high temperature actinomyces, are examples of the deodorizing microorganism.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a deodorizing system for excrement of manure, and more particularly to a novel system for deodorizing excrement of livestock using deodorant microorganisms.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art From pig houses, poultry farms, and various livestock houses, excrement of pigs, chickens, and other livestock, leftover food, and waste such as straw are discharged. These are usually accumulated and processed into compost, but a very strong foul odor is generated from the sediment, which is also a major source of pollution.

A large amount of bad odor is generated not only in outdoor deposits but also in livestock sheds, which adversely affects not only workers but also livestock, which is a serious problem for livestock farmers.

The main cause of the bad odor is excrement excreted in large quantities from livestock, but if the excrement is not present and there are no other contaminants, it may be apt to be purified by a water washing or incineration system if the cost is ignored. It is possible. However, not only is it very expensive, but it cannot be treated if straws or other contaminants are mixed. Therefore, most livestock farmers treat manure by composting or sewage treatment, which is accompanied by the generation of malodor.

Therefore, there is a strong demand in the art for the development of a system capable of deodorizing the excrement of livestock manure extremely efficiently. That is, if the generation of a bad odor can be suppressed, composting can be easily carried out, and the waste from the livestock can be treated most efficiently and at the lowest cost.

Further, the bad odor derived from manure is generated not only by livestock farmers but also by pets kept at home, animals in zoos and aquariums, and its deodorization is required.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned demands of the industry, the present invention is capable of widely deodorizing excrements of pets and other animals and birds as well as livestock, and requires less labor. The purpose is to develop a new system that can efficiently deodorize with.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been made in order to achieve the above-mentioned object. Focusing on deodorizing treatment utilizing microorganisms, as a result of extensive screening for various microorganisms, heat resistance We obtained a very useful new finding that actinomycetes not only efficiently deodorize feces and urine, but unexpectedly, when it is orally administered, feces and urine without odor are excreted.

The present invention has not only the above-mentioned direct deodorizing effect of directly deodorizing actinomycetes by applying actinomycetes, but also a novel novel deodorizing effect of deodorizing feces and urine by oral administration. It was completed as a result of the discovery of the actinomycete which has both of the following and further examination.

That is, the present invention relates to a deodorizing system for excrement of manure, which is based on a basic technical idea of an oral / parenteral deodorant for excrement of non-human origin, which is characterized by comprising deodorant microorganisms. . Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

In the present invention, deodorant microorganisms are widely used. As the deodorant microorganism, any microorganism can be used as long as it is a microorganism capable of deodorizing feces and urine. For example, actinomycetes, particularly thermostable actinomycetes are advantageously used.

As the thermostable actinomycetes, mesophilic actinomycetes and thermophilic actinomycetes are advantageously used, and for example, Streptomyces (S)
genus Treptomyces, Thermomonospora (T
Bacteria belonging to the genus thermomonospora and those belonging to the genus Thermoactinomyces are appropriately used.

More specific examples of these actinomycetes include the following: Streptomyce.
s antibioticus IFO 13271,
S. nigrifaces IFO 12802,
S. Streptomyces spp. such as puniceus IFO 12811; Thermomonosporaviv
Rhidis IFO 12207, etc., Thermomonospora spp .; Thermoactinomyces vul
garis IFO 13606, T.I. glaucus
Thermoactinomyces spp. Such as IFO 12530.

These deodorant microorganisms are cultivated by a conventional method, and the obtained culture is used as it is, or only spores and cells are separated from it and used as a deodorant. Only one kind of microorganism may be used, but it is more effective to use two or more kinds in combination. For example, a thermophilic actinomycete (Thermomonospora, Thermoactinomyces, etc.) and a mesophilic actinomycete ( When used in combination with Streptomyces spp., Etc., the effectiveness is enhanced.

Cultivation of the deodorant microorganisms may be carried out by a conventional method, but good results can be obtained by using a fusuma medium.
10 with pig dung extract / Fusuma medium or YG / Fusuma medium
-Culturing for 12 days to prepare a culture in which sufficient spores have adhered, and this spore-adherent culture is ventilated and dried at 30 ° C,
It may be dried until the water content is 15% or less. When this was stored in a plastic bag and stored, the inoculum withstood one year of room temperature storage.

The microorganism thus cultivated may be used alone as described above, but when used in combination, a better result is obtained. At that time, it is preferable to use the mesophilic bacterium and the thermophilic bacterium together.
There is no particular limitation on the combined ratio of both, but 0.1 to 20 parts, preferably 1 to 10 parts, of thermophilic bacterium to 1 part of mesophilic bacterium,
More preferably, it is 1 to 5 parts.

In the present invention, in addition to using only such microorganisms as a deodorant, it is also possible to formulate a deodorant preparation by adding and mixing other components. As the dosage form, powder, granules, tablets, solutions, pastes and other forms can be appropriately adopted.

The components to be added to the microorganisms in the preparation of the deodorant preparations include microorganisms such as Torula and other yeasts and actinomycetes other than the above, and Yucca extract extracted from natural plants (Yucca / Sidecla) that grow mainly in Mexico. , Activated carbon, humic acid, an inorganic adsorbent, and other known deodorants, extenders, and the like. The type and mixing ratio of the compounding ingredients depend on the type and amount of the target feces and urine, for example, 0.01 to 0.01
10%, Yucca extract 2-50%, activated carbon 0.5-20
%, Humic acid 1 to 40%, and the balance of the inorganic adsorbent is exemplified.

The inorganic adsorbents include all deodorants and adsorbents composed of inorganic components, and examples thereof include zeolite, acid clay, bleaching clay, kaolinite, alumina, silica gel, bentonite, hydroxylapatite, and various clays. Examples include minerals and / or porous glass.

The deodorant preparation thus prepared can be directly added to the deodorant preparation (after adding an extender if necessary and diluting it)
Even when applied to manure, sediments, and livestock shelters, of course, it has an excellent deodorizing effect. However, the deodorant formulation according to the present invention not only exerts a deodorant effect by direct application, but also exerts an excellent deodorant effect by oral administration, and is confirmed to be safe for animals as described later. It was
Such an outstanding oral deodorant has never been seen before,
The present invention is the first.

The deodorant preparation according to the present invention may be directly orally administered as it is, or it may be ingested as a feed additive by adding and mixing it with a feed or drinking water. In the case of drinking water, the deodorant preparation may be directly added to and mixed with the drinking water, or it may be placed in a water-permeable bag and suspended in a drinking water tank. Further, the deodorant can be mixed with a prey feed, pet food products and beverage products to give a final feed product. The amount of microorganisms in the feed varies depending on the target animal, age, etc., but as a rough guideline, the number of spores should be 5000 or more, preferably 50,000 or more, and more preferably 100,000 or more per 1 g of the feed. Is good. Since the deodorant according to the present invention has a very high safety, even if it contains more microorganisms, it does not cause any side effects on animals. This point is also one of the features of the present invention.

The deodorant according to the present invention, as described above,
In addition to direct application to feces and urine, it has an outstanding feature that it can indirectly deodorize feces and urine by oral administration.

Therefore, the deodorant according to the present invention is simply added to the compound feed and other feeds, drinking water, etc., or the feed, pet food, beverage, etc. preliminarily blended with the deodorant is prepared. It is possible to deodorize feces and urine simply by feeding them to animals. Therefore, the labor of the work can be saved, labor saving can be achieved, and labor in an environment with a particularly bad odor can be avoided, which is not only beneficial to workers at livestock farmers,
The present invention is also excellent in terms of pollution prevention because the odor is released even for residents around the livestock farmers.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily deodorize the feces and urine of pets in homes and pet shops, animals in zoos and aquariums, pet hotels, veterinary clinics, etc. The present invention is also excellent in this respect, since the bad odor can be expelled from the meat and the generation of the bad odor can be suppressed even if the excrement is left as it is.

The details of the excellent deodorant mechanism of the deodorant according to the present invention should be investigated in the future, but it can be considered as follows. That is, the deodorant microorganisms utilize lower fatty acids (VFA) and other malodorous components which are malodorous components of excrement, and the bacterial cells survive even when they pass through the animal body, so that the deodorization is performed more efficiently. However, since many of these microorganisms are present in the feces excreted from the body, for example, the water content is adjusted to 40 to 70%, preferably 6%.
If it is deposited at around 0%, fermenting of compost can be carried out rapidly, and excellent compost can be produced in a short period of time, which also suppresses malodor. Further, even if the manure is treated by a manure treatment device using activated sludge or the like without being composted, it can be treated rapidly without any trouble.

Among the components blended in the deodorant preparation of the present invention, the yucca extract acts to suppress the generation of ammonia, which is one of the malodorous components of manure, and enhances the activity of microorganisms in the activated sludge. It also has a growth promoting effect. The inorganic adsorbent and activated carbon have an action of absorbing harmful substances and malodorous substances existing in the intestines of animals, and are considered to suppress and remove the cause of manure and malodor from the body, so to speak.

Humic acid to be added to the deodorant preparation has the effect of not only reducing and suppressing the malodor of night sewage but also enhancing the activity of microorganisms in the activated sludge tank and reducing BOD, COD and SS. It is considered that each of these components further acts to further enhance the deodorizing action of microorganisms, and as a result, an excellent deodorizing effect is exhibited.

Examples of the present invention will be described below.

[0029]

[Example 1] As a mesophilic bacterium, Streptomyc
es antibiotics IFO 13271 and Streptomyces nigrificans
IFO 12802 was used and T was used as a thermophilic strain.
hermomonospora viridis IF
O 12207 was used to inoculate each on a swine feces extract agar slant medium and cultured for 7 to 10 days at 30 ° C for mesophilic strains and at 50 ° C for thermophilic strains. Then 50
Porcine feces extract / fusuma medium was prepared in a 0 ml Erlenmeyer flask.

That is, first, 20 g of fresh pork dung and tap water are stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes to prepare a pork dung extract, 50 ml of which is mixed with 50 g of bran and 5 g of chaff, and pH is mixed.
Was adjusted to 7.5-8.5, and 50 g thereof was placed in a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask, and sterilized at 1.2 kg / cm ² for 15 minutes to prepare. The slant culture was inoculated into the bran culture medium of a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask and cultured for 10 to 12 days.

[0031]

Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, using YG-Fusma medium, Streptomyces puniceu
s IFO 12811, Thermoactinom
yces vulgaris IFO 13606, and Thermoactinomyces glaucu
C. SIFO 12530 was also cultured to obtain a culture. That is, yeast extract 5 g, glucose 5
g, CMC 0.5 g is dissolved in tap water to make a YG medium, 50 ml of which is mixed with 50 g of bran and 5 g of chaff, pH is adjusted to 7.5-8.5, and 50 g thereof is put into a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask. , 1.2 kg / cm ² for 1
It was prepared by sterilizing for 5 minutes. The slant culture was inoculated into the bran culture medium of a 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask and cultured for 10 to 12 days.

In this way, the inoculum can be efficiently produced using the bran medium, and at that time, the production efficiency can be increased by adding the pig manure extract. In particular, T. vulgaris IFO 13606
Regarding, the growth was promoted, and when cultured for a relatively long time of 10 to 12 days, the viable cell count including spores was 1
It reached 0 ⁹ to 10 ¹¹ / g.

[0033]

Example 3 Strepto prepared according to Example 1
myces antibiotics, Strep
omyces nigrifaces and Ther
Equivalent amounts of the culture of momonospora viridis were mixed to obtain a culture mixture of deodorant microorganisms.

[0034]

Example 4 Strepto prepared according to Example 2
myces puniceus, Thermomono
spora viridis, Thermoactin
omyces vulgaris and Thermoac
A culture mixture of deodorant microorganisms consisting of Tinomyces glaucus was obtained.

[0035]

Example 5 5% culture mixture of deodorant microorganism prepared according to Example 3, 10% yucca extract, zeolite 62
%, Coconut husk-derived activated carbon 3% and humic acid 20% were blended to prepare a deodorant preparation.

[0036]

Example 6 Culture mixture 5 prepared according to Example 4
%, And charcoal 2.5%, a deodorant preparation was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5.

[0037]

[Example 7] A deodorant feed was prepared by adding 0.1% of the deodorant preparation prepared in Example 5 to a commercially available feed for pig farming (all farm products: Ultra B, C).

[0038] Two pig farms near Tokyo (M farm, K farm)
In the above, the deodorant feed was fed to the piglets in the fattening stage by the conventional method, and one month later, the odor at the pig house entrance and inside the pig house was measured.

[0039] In addition, the M farmer has an integrated management of 70 mother pigs, and the fattening pig house is open in the field.
Around the field is a residential area. On the other hand, K farmer has an integrated management of 40 mother pigs, and the fattening pig house is open in the paddy field and is in a well-ventilated place.

The measurement was carried out as follows, and the measurement results shown in Table 1 below were obtained. Ammonia concentration is ppm, VF
The A concentration was expressed in ppb. (1) The measurement was performed at a height of 1.5 m above the ground. The data is the average of the measured values in the daytime and the evening. (2) The odor concentration was measured by the three-point comparison method. (Tokyo Metropolitan Pollution Control Ordinance Notification No. 238) (3) Ammonia concentration was measured with an ammonia detector tube. (4) The concentration of lower fatty acid (VFA) was quantified by gas chromatography by adsorbing 5 liters per minute on a collection tube (alkali beads) for 5 minutes.

[0041]

[Table 1]

As is clear from the above results, not only the bad odor from pig dung but also the bad odor from the entire pig pen was suppressed. Moreover, the color and properties of pig dung did not change, and a large number of actinomycetes remained, making it extremely easy to compost. The piglet's health status was also normal, no parasitic or pathogenic effects on the skin were observed, and no abnormalities were found in the liver, lungs, intestines, or spleen even after autopsy of the viscera. The safety of the deodorant according to the present invention was confirmed together with the results of the safety test described below.

[0043]

[Example 8] A dairy farmer who breeds 15 dairy cows adjacent to a residential area in the suburbs of Tokyo mixed green grazing oat as roughage with commercially available feed, and further added the deodorant preparation obtained in Example 6 to The odor was measured by mixing 10% of the mixture and feeding for 2 months. The measurement was performed in the same manner as in Example 7, and the results shown in Table 2 below were obtained.

[0044]

[Table 2]

As is clear from the above results, no offensive odor was observed from the dairy barn, and the milking work was carried out smoothly even if the manure was left unattended. However, when the feeding of the deodorant preparation was stopped, generation of a bad odor was recognized again from the 10th day.

[0046]

Example 9 Streptomy prepared in the previous example
ces antibiotics, S. nigri
faciens, Thermomonospora v
iridis and Thermoactinomyces
Vulgaris cultures were mixed in equal amounts to produce a culture mixture of deodorant microorganisms. This mixture was added to and mixed with a pulverized product of a commercially available feed for mice (manufactured by Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd .: Solid feed MF) (viable cell count: 3 to 8 × 10 ⁸ / g), and 60% of tap water was used so that spores were not scattered. After adding and mixing so that it became so, it was molded into a cylindrical shape and dried to produce a deodorant feed for small animals.

10 pet hamsters (5 for male and 5 for female)
Heads were made into two groups, one of which was given the above deodorant feed and the other of which was a commercially available feed as a control, and was fed for 18 days. As a result, no offensive odor was observed in the deodorant feed area. On the other hand, in the control area, a foul odor was always observed even though it was cleaned every day. No abnormalities were found in the health of the hamster.

[0048]

[Example 10] Actinomycetes preparations according to "Growth test method of chicken chicks" according to the feed safety evaluation criteria (April 12, 1988, 63 Livestock B No. 617, notification from the Director of Livestock Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries). We examined the safety of.

In the test, a control group to which the basic feed without the addition of the test product was fed, and 0.01% of the test product as the basic feed and 1.
We set up a total of 3 test plots, 2 plots to which feed containing 0% was added, and each group was divided into 3 groups, each group consisting of 6 males and 8 females at 8 days of age, which were raised by restricted feeding, and were reared for 6 days. did.

As a result, no significant difference was observed between the control group and the weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion rate of each test sample-added group. No abnormalities were observed in the health status of the chicks.

1. Materials and Methods (1) Samples Actinomycetes preparations composed of a culture mixture of deodorant microorganisms prepared in Example 3 were used. (2) Serving chickens When fed, feed 10g of chicken for commercial broiler for 1st period for 3 days, and after 4th day, feed 3.5g per chicken per day. From 154 male and female broiler-specific species (arbor acre), 54 individuals having a weight of 46 to 50 g were selected and used. (3) Setting of test area This test is based on the feed safety evaluation criteria (April 12, 1988).
The test was carried out according to the "Test method for growth of chicken chicks" by 63 Livestock B No. 617, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Directorate of Livestock, dated.

That is, a control group to which the basic feed without the addition of the test sample (Table 3 below) is fed, and the test sample is added to the basic diet at 0.0%.
A total of 3 in 2 wards feeding 1% and 1.0% added feed
Set the ward, divide the service chicks into 9 groups with 6 birds arranged so that the individuals with similar weights will be approximately equal, and randomly assign 3 groups to each ward for 6 days after feeding the sample Reared. In addition, the amount of the sample to be added set in this test corresponds to the commonly used amount and 100 times the amount.

[0053]

[Table 3]

2. Rearing management The used chicks were bred in groups with electric heating type brooders, and the storage position of each group was moved daily to try to eliminate the influence of environmental conditions as much as possible. The feed and drinking water were given ad libitum.

3. Survey Items and Methods (1) Clinical Observation Daily appetite, stool properties, vocalization, feather condition, etc. were observed. (2) Body weight and body weight gain Individual body weight was measured at the start and end of the test, and the weight gain for each group was calculated. (3) Feed intake and feed conversion rate The feed intake during the test period was measured for each group, and the feed intake and feed conversion rate per bird were calculated.

4. Analysis of test results Amount analysis, feed intake, and feed conversion rate were analyzed by the one-way analysis of variance using the one-way analysis method.

5. Exam period May 28, 1993 to June 3

6. Results and Discussion The test results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0059]

[Table 4]

No significant difference was observed between the control group and the weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion rate of each group to which the sample was added, and a dose-dependence with the amount of sample added was also observed. There wasn't. No abnormalities were observed in the health status of the service chicks.

From the above results, the sample is 1
It is presumed that there is no fear of adversely affecting the growth and health of chicks even if added to the feed up to about 100 times.

The growth results and the analysis of variance results are shown in Tables 5 and 6 below.

[0063]

[Table 5]

[0064]

[Table 6]

[0065]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, by using a deodorant microorganism, it is possible to efficiently deodorize offensive odors of manure derived from non-human origin such as animals and birds. Moreover, the microorganisms can be directly applied to feces and urine and odor can be suppressed by oral administration. In addition, safety has been confirmed, and there is no effect on the health of animals, and this point is also excellent.

In the case of oral administration, the microorganism or its culture can be directly administered, or it can be mixed with other components to be used as a feed additive, and further, it can be added to a commercially available compounded feed or the like. It can also be mixed and used as feed.

Since the deodorant according to the present invention can be widely applied not only to domestic animals and poultry, but also to pets, experimental animals, and animals in zoos and aquariums in households and livestock farmers, it has recently been particularly closed. It is very useful for preventing the offensive odor pollution that has been improved, enables livestock production in the suburbs of the city, greatly contributes to livestock farmers in the suburbs, and contributes greatly to domestic livestock promotion. There is.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Internal reference number FI Technical indication location B01D 53/38 53/81 (72) Inventor Narahashi Ami Yuhashi, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 1-17 Zhenno Kashiwa Co., Ltd. Housing A-204 (72) Inventor Masato Kurihara 1137 Sannocho, Isesaki City Gunma Prefecture (72) Inventor Akira Moriyama 2-14-8 Nakaicho Takasaki City Gunma Prefecture (72) Inventor Futoshi Iwao 8 8 Miyahara-cho, Takasaki-shi, Gunma Prefecture (72) Inventor Shinsaku Hayashi 6-22-45 Kazumigaoka, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. An oral deodorant for non-human origin, which comprises a deodorant microorganism. 2. The deodorant according to claim 1, wherein the deodorant microorganism is one or more species of actinomycetes. 3. The deodorant according to claim 2, which is a combination of mesophilic actinomycetes and high temperature actinomycetes as deodorant microorganisms. 4. The actinomycetes is Streptomyces.
Ptomyces), Thermo Monospora (Therm)
The deodorant according to claim 2 or 3, which is a microorganism belonging to the genus Omonospora and / or the genus Thermoactinomyces. 5. The actinomycete is Streptomyces antibiotics (Streptomyces antibio).
ticus, S. nigri
facies) and S. puniceu
s); Thermomonospora viridis (Thermom)
onospora viridis) and / or Thermoactinomyces vulgaris (Thermoacti)
Nomyces vulgaris) and the same Glaucus (T. glaucus), The deodorant of Claim 4 characterized by the above-mentioned. 6. The deodorant according to claim 1, wherein the deodorant microorganism is blended with a yucca extract. 7. The deodorant according to claim 6, further comprising an inorganic adsorbent, activated carbon, and / or humic acid. 8. The inorganic adsorbent is zeolite, acid clay,
The deodorant according to claim 7, which is bleaching earth, kaolinite, alumina, silica gel, bentonite, hydroxylapatite, clay mineral, and / or porous glass. 9. A deodorant feedstuff, comprising the deodorant according to any one of claims 1 to 8. 10. The feed according to claim 9, wherein the feed is animal, bird or pet feed, feed, pet food and / or beverage. 11. A method of deodorizing non-human-derived manure, which comprises using a deodorant microorganism. 12. The deodorizing method according to claim 11, which is applied directly to manure or orally administered.