JPH07239477A - Liquid crystal display element - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To substantially prevent the generation of unequal colors by dummy electrodes without generating abnormal lighting of dummy electrodes and without complicating drawing around of wirings, etc., and to improve a display grade by composing the dummy electrodes at about the same size as the size of peripheral pixels. CONSTITUTION:This liquid crystal display element consists of a lower substrate 1, an upper substrate 2, transparent wiring electrodes 3a formed on this lower substrate 1, transparent wiring electrodes 3b formed on this upper substrate 2, the pixels 4 and the dummy electrodes 5 formed at about the same size as the size of the peripheral pixels 4. The dummy electrodes 5 are formed on the lower substrate 1 and are constituted by arranging the dummy electrodes 5 on the adjacent transparent wiring electrodes 3a so as not to cross the transparent wiring electrodes 3b on the opposite upper substrate 2. Then, shorting by upper and lower conduction is prevented without impression of potential. The unequal colors are thus prevented. Since the dummy electrodes 5 are constituted at about the same size as the size of the peripheral pixels, the generation of the unequal colors by the dummy electrodes 5 is substantially prevented and the display grade is improved by forming dummy electrodes at about the same size as the size of the pixels.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention can be applied to a liquid crystal display device using a flexible polymer film.
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device capable of preventing color spots due to dummy electrodes from occurring without causing abnormal lighting of dummy electrodes, and without complicating wiring and the like, and improving display quality.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal display device using a polymer film as a substrate has a characteristic that it is excellent in impact resistance, but since the film substrate has flexibility, it is extremely difficult to control the gap of the liquid crystal layer. Poor color spots may occur due to gap changes. In particular, in the STN type liquid crystal display element in which the gap accuracy is strictly controlled due to the display method, color gamut defects due to the gap change are more likely to occur than in the TN type liquid crystal display element, and thus the yield is more likely to occur. Easy to fall.

Therefore, in order to suppress the color spot defect due to the change in the gap of the liquid crystal layer, there is a gap control method of the liquid crystal layer in which the dispersion density of the gap material is increased to make the dispersion density uniform. However, in recent years, with the increase in the display capacity of the liquid crystal display element, it has become necessary to reduce the resistance of the wiring electrode. Therefore, the thickness of the wiring electrode is generally increased. The thickness of the wiring electrode, which can be ignored when the display capacitance of the liquid crystal display element is small, is 0.
If it exceeds 1 μm, it cannot be ignored, and the unevenness generated on the substrate surface due to this thick wiring becomes remarkable. For this reason, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer cannot be made uniform only by the method based on the dispersion density of the gap material, and as a result, similar to the above, color spot defects occur due to the change in the gap of the liquid crystal layer.

Therefore, a conventional technique capable of suppressing color spot defects due to a change in the liquid crystal layer gap caused by increasing the thickness of the wiring layer is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-344.
There is known a liquid crystal display element in which a dummy electrode is arranged inside a film substrate reported in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 88.

[0005]

However, in the conventional liquid crystal display element reported in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-34488, the shape of the dummy electrode is not specified,
Since it is arranged inside the film substrate only to prevent the warp of the substrate and to prevent color spots, it is easy for the problem that the dummy electrode is lit up to occur and the size of the dummy is different from that of the surrounding pixels. When the electrodes are arranged, there is a problem in that the color tone changes and the display quality deteriorates as described later.

Further, in the liquid crystal display element reported in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-93034, a potential is applied to the dummy electrode so that the distance between the dummy electrode and the opposing electrode is equal to or less than the threshold value and the dummy electrode is turned on. There is an advantage that the problem of being prevented can be prevented. However, in this conventional liquid crystal display element,
Since it is necessary to apply a voltage also to the dummy electrode, there is a problem that the wiring is laid out and the connection with the drive circuit is complicated. Moreover, this conventional liquid crystal display element also does not define the shape of the dummy electrode, and in order to prevent color spots, the dummy electrode is arranged inside the film substrate simply by preventing the warp of the substrate. As a result, the same problem as described above eventually occurs.

Further, for example, in the conventional liquid crystal display element reported in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-49323, the dummy electrodes are arranged so as not to overlap with the electrodes formed on the opposing substrate. There is an advantage that a complicated problem due to the wiring of the wiring can be solved, a short circuit due to vertical conduction can be prevented and a color spot can be prevented without applying a potential. However, this conventional liquid crystal display element also does not define the shape of the dummy electrode, so that the same problem as described above eventually occurs.

Here, it will be described that when the shape of the dummy electrode is different from the shape of the adjacent electrodes, uneven color spots are exhibited. For example, FIG. 16 shows a liquid crystal display element that specifically displays four rows (one row has 16 × 100 pixels) +6 icons. When pixels of different shapes such as the dot matrix type and the icon portion are arranged, only the upper wiring electrode is provided as the dummy electrode filling the space between the dot portion and the icon portion where the pixels of the different shapes are arranged. Therefore, the gap is smaller than the portion where the other electrodes face each other by the thickness of ITO of 0.1 μm. For this reason, there is a problem that the color tone of the space between the rows is different from that of other portions, the display quality is deteriorated, the shape of the dummy electrode is conspicuous, and the display quality is deteriorated.

FIG. 17 shows an enlarged view of the interline portion A in FIG. In FIG. 17, as the film substrate, PET (polyester film), PES (polyether sulfone), PC (polycarbonate) and PA are used.
Wiring electrode of 0.1μm using (polyacrylate)
The film is formed to have a thickness of 5 mm, and these films are used as an upper substrate and a lower substrate for patterning.

Here, FIG. 18 shows the pattern formation state of the lower substrate shown in FIG. 17, and FIG. 19 shows the pattern formation state of the upper substrate shown in FIG. The problem in FIG. 17 is the space between lines. In recent years, the film liquid crystal element has come to the practical use of the TN type, and there is a demand for dot matrix display with more pixels. Therefore, the STN type is used to accelerate the practical application. In the display, there is a problem in that a color spot is generated due to the line spacing and the display quality is deteriorated. It is often the case that the space is provided by opening the line in this way in consideration of readability when displaying characters and the like.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of color spots due to the dummy electrodes without causing abnormal lighting of the dummy electrodes and without complicating wiring and the like, thus improving the display quality. An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that can be manufactured.

[0012]

The invention according to claim 1 is
Transparent wiring electrodes are formed on an upper substrate and a lower substrate made of a flexible film, and the upper and lower substrates are bonded to each other with a sealing material so that liquid crystal is sealed between the upper and lower substrates, and between the adjacent transparent wiring electrodes. Further, in the liquid crystal display element in which the dummy electrode is arranged so as not to straddle the transparent wiring electrode of the opposing substrate, the dummy electrode is configured to have a size similar to that of the peripheral pixel.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the above-mentioned first aspect of the invention, the dummy electrodes are divided and arranged. In the invention according to claim 3, in the invention according to claim 1, when pixels having different shapes are arranged, the dummy electrodes are gradually changed from the shape of an adjacent pixel to another adjacent pixel shape. It is characterized in that the shape is changed and the shape becomes closer to the shape of the adjacent pixel as the shape becomes closer to the adjacent pixel.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the above-mentioned first aspect, the dummy electrodes are arranged between rows in the case of a dot matrix type in which each row is opened. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the distance between the dummy electrode and the transparent wiring electrode facing and adjacent to the dummy electrode is larger than the overlay margin of the upper and lower substrates. To do.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the distance between the dummy electrode and the transparent wiring electrode formed on the same substrate is the same as the distance between the transparent wiring electrodes. It is characterized by According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the above-described first aspect of the invention, the dummy electrode is formed on the lower substrate.

[0016]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the transparent wiring electrodes are formed on the upper and lower substrates made of a flexible film, and the upper and lower substrates are bonded to each other with a sealing material so that liquid crystal is sealed between the upper and lower substrates. In the liquid crystal display element, the dummy electrodes are arranged between the adjacent transparent wirings so as not to straddle the wiring electrodes of the opposing substrate, so that it is possible to prevent a short circuit due to vertical conduction without applying a potential. It is possible to prevent color spots. Since the dummy electrode is formed to have the same size as the peripheral pixels, the size of the dummy electrode is set to be substantially the same as that of the peripheral pixels, so that color spots due to the dummy electrodes are less likely to occur and the display quality can be improved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, since the dummy electrodes are divided and arranged, the dummy electrodes are divided and arranged so that the dummy electrodes are arranged larger than the dummy electrodes. It can have the same appearance as the pixel of. In the invention according to claim 3, in the invention according to claim 1, the dummy electrode is
When pixels having different shapes are arranged, the shape is gradually changed from the shape of the adjacent pixel to the shape of another adjacent pixel, and the shape is closer to the shape of the adjacent pixel as it is closer to the adjacent pixel. When the dummy electrodes are arranged between the pixels having a shape, color spots due to the dummy electrodes can be efficiently prevented.

According to the invention of claim 4, in the invention of claim 1, in the case of the dot matrix type in which dummy electrodes are arranged by opening each row, the dummy electrodes are arranged between the rows. Even in the case of the divided display, the display quality can be improved by disposing color spots due to the dummy electrodes by arranging the lines between the rows.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the gap between the dummy electrode and the transparent wiring electrode adjacent to and opposite to the dummy electrode is larger than the overlay margin between the upper and lower substrates. It is possible to prevent abnormal lighting of the dummy electrode due to. According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the dummy electrode and the transparent wiring electrode formed on the same substrate are arranged at the same interval as the transparent wiring electrode interval. Therefore, the dummy electrode and the adjacent transparent wiring electrode have the same space. The appearance can be made similar by

According to a seventh aspect of the invention, the dummy electrode is
Since it is formed on the lower substrate, the dummy electrode itself can be prevented from being seen, and the optical appearance due to the gap of the liquid crystal layer can be further reduced.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a view showing a liquid crystal display element of a first embodiment according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view showing a patterning shape of a lower substrate of the liquid crystal display element shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the patterning shape of the upper substrate of a liquid crystal display element. The example shown is for application to a liquid crystal display device in which transparent electrode wiring is formed on an upper substrate and a lower substrate made of a flexible film, and the upper and lower substrates are bonded to each other by a sealant so that liquid crystal is sealed between the upper and lower substrates. Is. 1-3, 1 and 2 are a lower substrate and an upper substrate, respectively, 3a is a transparent wiring electrode formed on the lower substrate 1, and 3b is a transparent wiring electrode formed on the upper substrate 2. 4 is a pixel, 5 is a peripheral pixel 4
The dummy electrode 5 is formed on the lower substrate 1 so as not to straddle the adjacent transparent wiring electrode 3a and the transparent wiring electrode 3b of the upper substrate 2 facing the transparent electrode 3a. Is formed in. The transparent wiring electrodes 3b arranged on the upper substrate 2 are more visible than the transparent wiring electrodes 3a arranged on the lower substrate 1 in a visual state. If the dummy electrode 5 is placed on the upper substrate 2, the dummy electrode 5 itself is visible, which may reduce the effect of the present invention. Therefore, in this embodiment, as described above, the dummy electrodes 5 are mainly arranged on the lower substrate 1.

In the present embodiment, the size of the dummy electrode 5 is determined in consideration of the margin of misalignment between the upper substrate 2 and the lower substrate 1. This will be described with reference to FIG. Lower substrate 1
COM transparent wiring electrode 3a (width 0.4 mm, pitch 0.
Dummy electrode 5 (0.52 mm × 0.2
4 mm) and the SEG transparent wiring electrode 3b is provided on the upper substrate 2.
(Width 0.3 mm, pitch 0.34 mm) is arranged. The shape of the dummy electrode 5 is such that the pixel 4 (0.4 × 0.3
mm) is preferable, so pixel 4
The same rectangle as. The dummy electrode 5 is arranged so as not to overlap the adjacent transparent wiring electrodes 3a and 3b.

Next, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which the line spacing shown in FIG. 1 is further enlarged. For example, d2 formed on the lower substrate 1
The dummy electrodes 5 are arranged so as not to overlap the transparent wiring electrodes 3b of S1 and S3 formed on the opposing upper substrate 2.
A problem in the case of overlapping will be specifically described below with reference to an electrical equivalent circuit diagram. First, the principle of liquid crystal lighting will be described with reference to the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 5 in which no dummy electrode is provided. The liquid crystal layer 11 of each pixel 4 can be represented by a parallel circuit of a capacitance component and a resistance component.
It exists between the two transparent wiring electrodes 3a and 3b. Each board 1,
Since the two transparent wiring electrodes 3a and 3b have resistance, the resistance is arranged between the pixels 4. When VC1 is applied to the transparent wiring electrode 3a of C1 formed on the lower substrate 1 and VS1 is applied to the transparent wiring electrode 3b of S1 formed on the upper substrate 2, VC1-VS1 is applied to the intersecting pixels 4. Becomes a potential difference, and when the potential difference exceeds the threshold value of the liquid crystal, the liquid crystal is turned on. The lighting operation of the liquid crystal is the same in the conventional example and the present embodiment.

Next, referring to FIG. 6, the principle that the liquid crystal does not light up even if the dummy electrode 5 is arranged will be described with reference to the equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. C1 transparent wiring electrode 3a and C2 transparent wiring electrode 3b
When the dummy electrode 5 of d1 is arranged in between, it can be considered that the parallel circuit of the capacitance component and the resistance component is connected between the S1 line and the S1 line as described above. The capacitance and resistance in this case differ depending on the size of the electrodes, the resistance of the liquid crystal, etc., but are not discussed here. When the dummy electrode 5 is arranged in this manner, the dummy electrode 5 faces the S1 line and is electrically connected through the liquid crystal, and thus, the dummy electrode 5 floats at the same potential as S1. Therefore, no potential exceeding the threshold value of the liquid crystal is generated between the transparent wiring electrode 3b of S1 and the dummy electrode 5 of d1, and the liquid crystal does not light.

Further, the case where the dummy electrode 5 is arranged and the liquid crystal is turned on will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, when the adjacent transparent wiring electrode 3b of S2 and the dummy electrode 5 of d1 overlap, the circuit shown by the broken line in FIG. 6 is added, and the dummy electrode 5 of d1 is the transparent wiring of S1. It is affected by the potentials of the electrode 3b and the transparent wiring electrode 3b of S2. Transparent wiring electrode 3b of S1 and transparent wiring electrode 3b of S2
There is no problem when the potentials of the two are the same, but in most cases they are different in the liquid crystal display device. In this case, the influence of the transparent wiring electrode 3b of S1 and the transparent wiring electrode 3b of S2,
The dummy electrode 5 of d1 is composed of the transparent wiring electrodes 3b of S1 and S2.
In most cases, an electric field exceeding the threshold value is generated between the transparent wiring electrodes 3b, and a lighting state (a semi-lighting state where the concentration is low depending on the electric field) may occur. For this reason,
In the present embodiment, the dummy electrode 5 is adjacent to the transparent wiring electrode 3
Arrange them so that they do not overlap with a and 3b. The shaded area in FIG. 7 indicates a lighting state. Further, the portion (hatched portion) where the dummy electrode and the transparent wiring electrode 3b face each other is turned on or half-lit.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the transparent wiring electrode 3 such as the transparent wiring electrode 3a of C1 and the transparent wiring electrode 3a of C2, the transparent wiring electrode 3b of S1 and the transparent wiring electrode 3b of S2, etc.
When a and g are spaced by a gap g, the distance from the transparent wiring electrode 3b of the upper substrate 2 facing the dummy electrode 5 is
It is configured to be equal to or more than the value m that is expected as a misalignment. In this case, the distance from the other transparent wiring electrode 3a of the lower substrate 1 on the side where the dummy electrode 5 is arranged may be g. However, g is a distance set without generating a leak when the transparent electrode substrate is patterned. It should be noted that if m is smaller than g, the shape of the dummy electrode 5 may be increased closer to the pixel which is more opposed to the pixel, unlike FIG. In this embodiment, the dummy electrode 5 and the transparent wiring electrode 3b facing the dummy electrode 5 are formed with a distance equal to or greater than the overlap margin.

As described above, in this embodiment, the transparent wiring electrodes 3a, 3a,
In the liquid crystal display element in which 3b is formed, and the upper and lower substrates 1 and 2 are bonded to each other by a sealant so that liquid crystal is sealed between the upper and lower substrates 1 and 2, between the adjacent transparent wiring electrodes 3a,
Moreover, since the dummy electrodes 5 are arranged so as not to straddle the transparent wiring electrodes 3b of the opposing substrate 2, it is possible to prevent a short circuit due to vertical conduction without applying a potential, and prevent color spots. it can. Since the dummy electrode 5 has a size similar to that of the peripheral pixel 4, the dummy electrode 5 has a size similar to that of the peripheral pixel 4 so that color spots due to the dummy electrode are less likely to occur and display quality can be improved.

In the present embodiment, in the case of the dot matrix type in which each row is opened and arranged, the dummy electrodes 5 are arranged between the rows, so that the dot matrix display is arranged between the rows even if the display is divided into rows. As a result, color spots due to the dummy electrode 5 are less likely to occur, and the display quality can be improved. In the present embodiment, the interval between the dummy electrode 5 and the interval between the transparent wiring electrodes 3b facing and adjacent to each other is set to be larger than the overlay margin of the upper and lower substrates 1 and 2, so that the dummy electrode 5 is prevented from abnormal lighting due to overlay misalignment. can do.

In this embodiment, the same substrate 1 as the dummy electrode 5 is used.
Since the distance between the transparent wiring electrodes 3a formed in the above is the same as the distance between the transparent wiring electrodes 3a, the appearance is made similar by making the space between the dummy electrode 5 and the adjacent transparent wiring electrode 3a the same. You can In this embodiment, since the dummy electrode 5 is formed on the lower substrate 1, it is possible to prevent the dummy electrode 5 itself from being seen and further reduce the optical appearance due to the gap of the liquid crystal layer. You can (Embodiment 2) FIG. 8 is a view showing a liquid crystal display element of Embodiment 2 according to the present invention, FIG. 9 is a view showing a pattern shape of a lower substrate shown in FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a pattern of an upper substrate shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows a shape. When the line spacing is large, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, if one elongated dummy electrode 5 having a size of 0.7 mm × 0.3 mm is arranged between the pixels 4, the dummy electrode 5 is conspicuous and color spots are likely to occur. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, for example, a pixel 4 of 0.35 mm × 0.2 mm square is used.
Two dummy electrodes 5 divided in a shape close to are arranged.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, the dummy electrode 5
Since a and 5b are divided and arranged in a shape close to the shape of the pixel 4, the dummy electrodes 5a and 5b are divided and arranged so that the dummy electrodes 5a and 5b have a similar appearance to the surrounding pixels 4 as compared with the case where the dummy electrodes are arranged simply. can do. (Embodiment 3) FIG. 14 is a view showing a liquid crystal display element of Embodiment 3 according to the present invention. Dot part 4a and icon part 4b
When the mixed shapes of (segment types) are different, as shown in FIG. 15, the dot portion 4a and the icon portion 4b are simply used.
When the dummy electrodes 5 having a different shape are arranged on a large surface, the dummy electrodes 5 are prominently prone to color spots, but in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. The dummy electrode 5 having a shape is arranged, and the dummy electrode 5 having a shape close to the icon shape is arranged in the icon portion 4a. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the dummy electrodes are arranged between the pixels having different shapes, it is possible to efficiently prevent the color spot due to the dummy electrodes.

[0031]

According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent color spots due to dummy electrodes from occurring without causing abnormal lighting of the dummy electrodes, and without complicating wiring and the like, thus improving display quality. The effect is that you can.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a liquid crystal display element of Example 1 according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a patterning shape of a lower substrate of the liquid crystal display element shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a patterning shape of an upper substrate of the liquid crystal display element shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which the line spacing shown in FIG. 1 is further enlarged.

FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing the principle of liquid crystal lighting.

FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing the principle that liquid crystal does not light up even if dummy electrodes are arranged.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a case where a dummy electrode is arranged and liquid crystal is turned on.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a liquid crystal display element of Example 2 according to the present invention.

9 is a diagram showing a pattern shape of the lower substrate shown in FIG.

10 is a diagram showing a pattern shape of the upper substrate shown in FIG. 8.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a liquid crystal display element in which elongated dummy electrodes are simply provided when the line spacing is large.

12 is a diagram showing a pattern shape of the lower substrate shown in FIG. 11.

13 is a diagram showing a pattern shape of the upper substrate shown in FIG. 11.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a liquid crystal display element of Example 3 according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a liquid crystal display element in which dummy electrodes different from pixels are simply arranged when pixels having different shapes are arranged.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a conventional liquid crystal display element.

17 is a diagram showing a state in which a line portion A shown in FIG. 16 is enlarged.

18 is a diagram showing a pattern formation state of the lower substrate shown in FIG.

19 is a diagram showing a pattern formation state of the upper substrate shown in FIG. 17.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 lower substrate 2 upper substrate 3a, 3b transparent wiring electrode 4 peripheral pixels 5, 5a, 5b dummy electrode 11 liquid crystal layer

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Sumio Kamoi 1-3-6 Nakamagome, Ota-ku, Tokyo Stock company Ricoh Co., Ltd. (72) Hiroshi Kobayashi 1-3-6 Nakamagome, Ota-ku, Tokyo Share In Ricoh Company (72) Inventor Takeshi Kozuka 1-3-6 Nakamagome, Ota-ku, Tokyo Stock company Ricoh (72) Inventor Yuji Narumi 1-3-3 Nakamagome, Tokyo Ota-ku, Tokyo Stock company Ricoh

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. Transparent wiring electrodes are formed on an upper substrate and a lower substrate made of a flexible film, and the upper and lower substrates are bonded to each other with a sealant so that liquid crystal is sealed between the upper and lower substrates, and the adjacent transparent electrodes are formed. In a liquid crystal display element in which a dummy electrode is arranged between wiring electrodes and so as not to straddle a transparent wiring electrode of an opposing substrate, the dummy electrode is formed to have a size similar to that of a peripheral pixel. Liquid crystal display device. 2. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the dummy electrodes are divided and arranged. 3. When the pixels having different shapes are arranged, the dummy electrode gradually changes its shape from the shape of the adjacent pixel to the shape of another adjacent pixel, and the dummy electrode becomes closer to the adjacent pixel. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display device is formed so as to be close to the shape of adjacent pixels. 4. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein in the case of a dot matrix type in which each row is opened and arranged, the dummy electrodes are arranged between the rows. 5. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the dummy electrode and the transparent wiring electrode which is adjacently opposed to the dummy electrode is larger than an overlapping margin of the upper and lower substrates. 6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the dummy electrode and the transparent wiring electrode formed on the same substrate is the same as the distance between the transparent wiring electrodes. 7. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the dummy electrode is formed on the lower substrate.