JPH07237843A - Brake of elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize the detection and judgement in an early stage by arranging a smoke detector to detect the smoke emission accompanied by the brake operation in a cover to cover through the brake, and judging the malfunction or abnormality of the brake when the smoke is detected CONSTITUTION:When an electromagnet 8 is excited, a pair of armatures 12 are attracted to bring the opposite surfaces into contact with each other. Each arm 7 whose upper end is connected to the outside end of each armature 12 through a boss 11, etc., and the lower end is swayed around a support 8b. A coil spring 15 is compressed and each shoe 9 is opened to make the brake in a released condition, and a car of an elevator is elevated/lowered. When the shoe 9 is brought into contact with a coupling 3, the shoe 9 emits the smoke, and the smoke is detected by a smoke detector 16 in a cover 17, and the fact is informed it to a control panel 19. When the smoke is detected while the brake signal is not outputted, a judgement is made that the brake is malfunctioned or abnormal.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an elevator brake incorporated in an elevator hoisting machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An elevator hoisting machine has an electromagnetic brake that operates when a car is stopped at a predetermined floor or when a fully loaded car descends a hoistway and exceeds a prescribed speed. It is installed.

This brake is in an open state when the electromagnetic coil is excited, and when the brake is operated, the energization of the electromagnetic coil is stopped so that the brake shoe is restored by the restoring force of the compressed coil spring. It is designed to operate with a coupling in between.

That is, in the unlikely event that the power supply is cut off, the brake is activated for safety. As a result, for example, even if the power supply to the building is stopped and the drive of the electric motor of the hoisting machine is stopped due to an accident in the distribution line supplied to the receiving end of the building, the brake is tightened by the restoring force of the coil spring. By doing so, accidents such as basket dropping due to power outages are prevented.

[0005]

However, in the conventional elevator brake, the shoe of the electromagnetic brake is not coupled to the cup even though the electromagnetic coil is not energized due to loosening of bolts or the like during long-term operation. There was a risk of sliding with the ring.

Therefore, although a method of detecting an abnormality in the torque of the motor to detect that the shoe is sliding on the coupling has been adopted, this method cannot be detected when the sliding state is weak. It is also possible to use a lever to detect the operation of the arm of the electromagnetic brake.
There was a risk of malfunction.

Therefore, a method of detecting the smoke generated when the shoe and the coupling slide and detecting the abnormality of the brake can be considered. However, if a smoke detector is provided in the machine room, Maintenance personnel entering the room may have respiratory problems.

[0008] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to obtain an elevator brake capable of preventing an adverse effect on a maintenance person or a monitoring person and detecting a malfunction of the brake at an early stage.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, in an elevator brake provided with an electromagnetic brake that is released by excitation of a coil and is activated by demagnetization of the coil, the brake is covered with a cover and the cover is used. Is equipped with a smoke detector that outputs a detection signal that is collated with brake operation command information.

The invention according to claim 2 is an elevator brake provided with an electromagnetic brake that is released by excitation of a coil and is activated by demagnetization of the coil. It is characterized in that a temperature detector for collating with the operation command information and outputting a detection signal is provided.

Further, according to a third aspect of the present invention, in an elevator brake provided with an electromagnetic brake that is released by excitation of the coil and operates by demagnetization of the coil, the brake is restored to its shape due to an increase in temperature, and the contact is restored. Is provided and a shape memory piece for outputting this operation signal to a matching circuit with the brake operation command information is provided.

[0012]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the brake is operated in the state where the brake operation command is not issued, the abnormality of the brake is detected by the signal from the smoke detector which detects the smoke generated by the operation of the brake. To be detected.

Further, in the invention described in claim 2,
When the brake operates when the brake operation command is not issued, the brake abnormality is detected by the signal from the temperature detector that detects the heat generated by the operation of the brake.

Further, in the invention according to claim 3, when the brake is operated in the state where the brake operation command is not issued, the heat generated by the operation of the brake causes the shape memory piece to recover its shape from the contact point operated by the shape memory piece. The brake abnormality is detected by the signal.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the elevator brake of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a state where an elevator brake of the present invention is attached to a hoisting machine, and FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, an induction motor 2 is mounted on the right side of the hoisting machine base 1 butt-welded with channel steel in a frame shape, and fixed to the hoisting machine base 1 with bolts. There is. Reference numeral 2b is a terminal box.

On the left side of the induction motor 2, one end of the coupling 3 is connected to the tip of the output shaft 2a of the induction motor 2, and the other side of the coupling 3 is connected to the hoisting machine base 1.
Is connected to the input shaft 4a of the speed reducer 4, which is mounted and fixed on the left upper surface.

A pair of arms 7 which will be described later with reference to FIG. 3 are vertically provided on the outer periphery of the coupling 3, and shoes 9 which will be described later with reference to FIG. 3 are attached to the lower facing surfaces of the arms 7.

An electromagnet 8 is attached to a position above the coupling 3 on the right side surface of the speed reducer 4, and a pair of armatures, which will be described later with reference to FIG. There is.

A bearing stand 5 is provided at the rear of the speed reducer 4 on the same axis as the speed reducer 4. The end of the output shaft protruding rearward of the speed reducer 4 rotates on the bearing stand 5. It is supported freely.

A sheave 6 is inserted into the output shaft projecting to the rear of the speed reducer 4 and fixed via a key (not shown). A main rope (not shown) is wound around the sheave 6,
A car is suspended at the lower end of the main rope hanging from the right side of the sheave 6, and a counterweight (not shown) is suspended at the lower end of the main rope not shown hanging from the left side of the sheave 6.

FIG. 3 (b) is an enlarged detailed view showing an arrow A of FIG. 1, showing the demagnetization of the electromagnet 8, that is, the brake operating state. FIG. 3 (a) shows the state of FIG. 3 (b). It is a left side view. In FIGS. 3A and 3B, the case 8 of the electromagnet 8
A pair of armatures 12 are inserted into the shaft center of a with a gap on the opposing surfaces in FIG.

The shaft center on the outer surface side of the armature 12 is
The tip of the bolt 13 is screwed and fixed with a nut.
The boss 11 is inserted in the center of the bolt 13,
It is pressed inward by a nut screwed to the outside of 13.
A pin is provided on the boss 11 in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 3A, and the pin has a clevis portion at the upper end of the arm 7 in the direction orthogonal to the paper surface in FIG. 3A. )
In the direction parallel to the paper surface at.

A support 8b is vertically provided at a lower portion of the electromagnet 8 at an inclination of about 30 degrees, and a middle upper portion of the arm 7 is connected to a lower end of the support 8b via a pin. The arm 7 is formed with an opposing surface in an arc shape from the middle portion to the lower end, and the outside of the shoe 9 is symmetrically attached via a pin to the center portion of the arc portion.

A double screw bolt 14 is provided at the lower end of each arm 7, and a double nut 14a is screwed to the left end of the double screw bolt 14. On the right side of both screw bolts 14,
A coil spring 15 is loosely fitted to the outside of a spring bearing (not shown) in a compressed state, a spring bearing of a pressed product is loosely fitted to the outer side of the coil spring, and the outer side of the spring bearing has a double nut 14a. Are screwed together.

When the electromagnet 8 shown in FIG. 3 is in the non-excited state,
The pair of shoes 9 are pressed against each other on the left and right outer peripheries of the coupling 3 by the restoring force of the coil spring 15, and the upper end of each arm 7 swings outward by the reaction force due to this pressing, and each armature 12 also. It is located outside.

The electromagnet 8, the pair of arms 7, shown in FIG.
On the outside of the pair of shoes and the coil spring 15, a cover 17 made of a mild steel plate in a box shape and having an opening on the lower side is inserted and attached from above. A smoke detector 16 is attached to the inside of the upper end of the cover 17, and a signal line 18 of the smoke detector 16 is connected to a safety circuit of a control panel 19 of the elevator.

In the elevator brake constructed as described above, for example, when the electromagnet 8 is excited immediately before the car starts moving, the pair of armatures 12 are attracted and the mutually opposing surfaces come into contact with each other. Then each armature
Each arm 7 whose upper end is connected to the outer end of 12 via a pin and a boss 11 swings its lower end outward with the pin at the lower end of the support 8b as a fulcrum, compressing the coil spring 15, and The shoe 9 opens outward, the brake is released, and the car moves up and down.

In addition, at this time, even if a part of one side of the shoe 9 is coupled to the coupling 3 due to loosening of the nut or the like.
When contacting with, the contact causes heat to be generated between the coupling 3 and the shoe 9 which rotate with the rotation of the induction motor.

Then, since the shoe 9 emits smoke, this smoke is detected by the smoke detector 16 and displayed on the control panel 19 by a signal light or a buzzer of the monitor panel to notify the maintenance personnel or the monitor personnel. At the same time, stop the car at the next stop floor and wait until the maintenance staff comes.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing the steps of the control circuit from the detection by the smoke detector 16 to the notification to the observer. In FIG. 4, when the smoke detector 16 detects smoke in step 31, it proceeds to the next step 32, and it is determined whether or not the brake signal is output to the elevator. If the brake signal is not output, an abnormality, When the brake signal is output, it is determined to be normal. If it is normal, the routine proceeds to step 33, and the elevator continues to operate.

If the brake signal is not output, the process proceeds to step 34, the operation of the elevator is stopped, and further proceeds to step 35, the control panel 19 outputs the signal to the monitoring panel, and the brake signal light is used.

Next, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 showing the left side view of FIG. 5 show the case where the brake is a disc type. In FIG. 5, when the operation signal of the electromagnetic brake housed in the frame 30 is not output, that is, when the excitation signal is output to the electromagnetic coil 21, the plate 23 is in a sucked state and the armature 22 is a disc. When sliding on 24, the temperature sensor 25 detects the heat generated by this sliding, and the control panel
Output from 19 to the monitoring panel and sound the buzzer as well.

Further, FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 showing the left side surface of FIG. 7 show an example in which a plate 26 made of a shape memory alloy is used as a detector for brake operation.

In FIGS. 7 and 8, when the operation signal of the electromagnetic brake is not output and the plate 23 is attracted and the armature 22 slides on the disk 24, the plate 26 is heated and stored. The shape is restored to the original shape and is deformed as shown by the arrow in FIG. 7, and the limit switch 27 is operated to input this signal to the control panel.

[0036]

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1,
In an elevator brake equipped with an electromagnetic brake that is released by coil excitation and operates by demagnetizing the coil, this brake is covered with a smoke that outputs a detection signal that is collated with the brake operation command information inside the cover. By installing a detector, if the brake operates when the brake operation command is not issued, the smoke detector that detected the smoke generated by this brake operation detected a brake abnormality, so maintenance personnel Therefore, it is possible to obtain an elevator brake that can prevent a malfunction of the brake from being adversely affected and can detect the malfunction of the brake at an early stage.

According to the second aspect of the invention, in the elevator brake provided with the electromagnetic brake that is released by the excitation of the coil and is operated by the demagnetization of the coil, the detection signal is collated with the operation command information of the brake. By providing a temperature detector to output, if the brake operates in the state where the brake operation command is not issued, the abnormality of the brake is detected by the signal from the temperature detector that detects the heat generated by this brake operation. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an elevator brake capable of preventing a maintenance worker or a monitor member from being adversely affected and detecting a malfunction of the brake at an early stage.

Further, according to the invention of claim 3,
In an elevator brake equipped with an electromagnetic brake that is released by the excitation of the coil and operates by the demagnetization of the coil, the shape of this brake is restored by the rise in temperature and the contact is operated, and this operation signal is used as the operation command information of the brake. By providing a shape memory piece that outputs to the collation circuit of, when the brake operates in the state where the brake operation command is not issued, the heat generated by the operation of this brake restores the shape Since the abnormality of the brake is detected by the signal, it is possible to obtain the brake of the elevator which can prevent the maintenance staff and the monitoring staff from being adversely affected and can detect the malfunction of the brake at an early stage.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of an elevator brake of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG.

3A is a partially enlarged detailed view of FIG. 2. FIG. (B) is
The right view of (a).

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the operation of the elevator brake of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing another embodiment of the elevator brake of the present invention.

6 is a right side view of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing another embodiment of the elevator brake of the present invention.

8 is a right side view of FIG. 7.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Hoisting machine base, 2 ... Induction motor, 3 ... Coupling, 4 ... Reduction gear, 5 ... Bearing stand, 6 ... Sheave, 7 ... Arm, 8 ... Electromagnet, 9 ... Shoe, 11 ... Boss, 12 ... Armature , 13 ... Bolt, 14 ... Double screw bolt, 15 ... Coil spring, 16 ... Smoke detector, 17 ... Cover, 18 ... Signal line, 19 ... Control panel, 25 ... Temperature sensor, 26 ... Plate, 27 ... Limit switch.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An elevator brake provided with an electromagnetic brake that is released by excitation of a coil and is operated by demagnetization of the coil. The brake is covered with a cover, and the operation command information of the brake is collated inside the cover. An elevator brake comprising a smoke detector that outputs a detection signal. 2. An elevator brake provided with an electromagnetic brake that is released by exciting a coil and that operates by demagnetizing the coil, a temperature detector that outputs a detection signal that is compared with operation command information of the brake. Elevator brakes characterized by: 3. An elevator brake provided with an electromagnetic brake that is released by excitation of a coil and is activated by demagnetization of the coil, recovers its shape due to a rise in temperature and operates contacts, and outputs this operation signal to the operation of the brake. An elevator brake characterized by being provided with a shape memory piece for outputting to a matching circuit with command information.