JPH07234181A - Spectral lighting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a spectral lighting equipment which can increase a wire range of wavelength dispersion and a narrow wavelength range of ray dispersion with a single equipment. CONSTITUTION:A light source 6 and a recessed surface mirror a10 and a recessed surface mirror b11 for efficiently guiding the illumination light to a spectral chamber 4 are provided at a light source chamber 2 and the illumination light is focused at a slit 19 which is laid out at the focusing position of the recessed surface mirror a10. Also, heat ray absorption filter 13 for eliminating unneeded heat rays in the applied light is provided. The above slit 19, the recessed surface mirror c20, and diffraction gratings A21 and B22 different in the number of grooves, are provided in a spectral chamber 4. The illumination light through the slit 19 changes its direction on the recessed surface mirror c20, is applied to one of the diffraction gratings, is dispersed for each wavelength and is focused on the surface of a sample 23. Also, the diffraction gratings A21 and B22 can alternately travel to positions for applying light to the sample surface from one position within the focal point of the recessed surface mirror c20 by the diffraction grating traveling mechanism and the diffraction grating A21 can change its angle by the diffraction grating angle changing mechanism.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for examining the wavelength dependence of deterioration, particularly in a light resistance test for accelerating the deterioration of various industrial materials and products by light.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An apparatus for investigating the wavelength dependence of photodegradation of a substance is known in the prior art, and is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-70176.
No. publication. FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of the spectral irradiation device 1 disclosed in the publication.

In FIG. 8, the light source chamber 2 is provided with an elliptical mirror 68 as a reflection plate for irradiating strong light, and the light source 6 (air-cooled 5 kW short arc xenon lamp) is arranged at the first focus thereof. A plane mirror 69 that bends the light flux from the light source 6 and a heat ray absorption filter 13 that absorbs heat rays are provided. In the spectroscopic chamber 4, a slit 19 arranged at the second focal point of the elliptic mirror 68, a concave mirror d70 that guides the light flux from the slit 19 into a parallel light flux and guides it to the diffraction grating C71,
A concave mirror e72 for irradiating the surface of the sample 23 which is bent again with the light dispersed by the diffraction grating C71 for each wavelength is arranged. According to this device, for example, the wavelength range is 250 nm to 700 n.
The light between m is distributed and irradiated on the irradiation surface within a range of about 9 cm. In addition, in this device, a half mirror 73 provided in front of the sample 23 bends a part of the irradiation light to bring it out of the irradiation light system, and a minute surface light receiver 74 arranged in the wavelength dispersion direction arranges the light for each wavelength. Energy is being demanded.

Further, in the figure, 75 is a starting device for turning on the light source 6, 76 is a cooling duct for cooling the light source 6, 65 is an amplifier for amplifying the output of the micro surface light receiver 74, and 77 is amplified. An arithmetic circuit for arithmetically processing the output to obtain a predetermined numerical value, and 66 is a display for displaying the numerical value.

[0005]

As described above, the spectral irradiation device is a device for investigating the wavelength dependence of the photodegradation of the sample. Now, when testing with a spectral irradiation device,
It is necessary to irradiate as wide a wavelength range as possible to specify the deterioration wavelength for samples that do not know the deterioration wavelength.For samples for which the deterioration wavelength has already been specified, in order to analyze the wavelength near the deterioration wavelength in detail, Is required, and it is necessary to increase the linear dispersion (dispersion width) for each wavelength in that wavelength range. Therefore, there has been a demand for a spectral irradiation device capable of increasing the linear dispersion in a wide wavelength range and a narrow wavelength range with one unit.

Further, the spectral irradiation device is also a light resistance test device, and it is desirable to be able to test and investigate the photodegradation and wavelength dependence of the sample in a short time. For this purpose, it is necessary to equip the sample with a large concentrator, that is, a large concave mirror, and to irradiate the sample with strong light in a distributed manner, but when the concave mirror is made large, spherical aberration increases and the resolution of dispersed light decreases. To do. Therefore, if an aspherical mirror is used instead of the large concave mirror, the reduction of spherical aberration is improved, but the aspherical mirror is very expensive and the device cost is high, which is not practical.

Further, depending on the material, photodegradation may be promoted by superimposing specific wavelengths on each other.
This phenomenon can be investigated by using, for example, the number of overlapping wavelengths of a monochromator for irradiating a specific wavelength, but it has not been possible with a conventional spectral irradiation device.

In the light resistance test, the temperature and humidity environment in which the sample is placed is reproduced, and a test is performed in which deterioration due to temperature and humidity as well as light deterioration is taken into consideration. In the spectral irradiation device as well, there has been a demand for a test in consideration of the environmental conditions in which the sample is placed together with the investigation and the acceleration test of the wavelength dependence of the photodegradation, but there is no conventional spectral irradiation device.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the following means are adopted. That is, a light source provided with a reflecting mirror that collects the irradiation light, a slit arranged at the focal point of this reflecting mirror, a concave mirror collecting the light passing through the slit on the sample surface, and a concave mirror arranged inside the focal point of the concave mirror. , A spectroscopic irradiator comprising a diffraction grating that disperses the reflected light of a concave mirror that is incident at a predetermined angle for each wavelength and irradiates the sample surface that is fixedly arranged, and disposes two or more diffraction gratings having different numbers of grooves. Each of the two or more diffraction gratings is equipped with a diffraction grating moving mechanism for moving reflected light from the concave mirror and moving it to a position within the focal point of the concave mirror capable of irradiating the fixedly arranged sample surface. A spectral irradiating device including a diffraction grating changing mechanism for changing the incident light angle of the reflected light of the concave mirror is the first means.

Further, the second embodiment is a spectral irradiation device in which the concave mirror of the first means is composed of a plurality of small concave mirrors, and each small concave mirror is provided with an angle adjusting mechanism for adjusting the focus position. .

In the above-mentioned first and second means, a test chamber having a closed shape, which is provided with a light receiving window in which a transparent glass filter is attached at a position where the entire fixed sample front surface can receive the dispersed light of the diffraction grating, A spectral irradiation device provided with a cooling device for cooling the back surface of the sample and a test chamber having a temperature control chamber for adjusting the temperature and humidity in the test chamber was used as a third means, and nitrogen was used in this test chamber. The spectral irradiator connected to the pipe for enclosing is used as the fourth means.

Further, the light energy is arranged in a dispersion direction of the dispersed light at a position where the dispersed light of the diffraction grating irradiated on the sample is not interfered and the dispersed light can be received at a certain distance from the sample surface. One or two or more light receivers for adjusting the diffraction grating moving mechanism and the diffraction grating angle changing mechanism so that the light receiving sensitivities of the light receivers are different from each other in the number of grooves and the reflection of the concave mirror incident on the diffraction grating. The spectral irradiation device provided with a sensitivity switching mechanism for changing the sensitivity corresponding to the angle of light is used as the fifth means, and further, from one output in this light receiver, the light energy of the wavelength received by the light receiver is obtained. The sixth means is a spectral irradiation device provided with a light energy automatic adjustment mechanism for controlling the output of the light source in order to keep the light source constant.

[0013]

In the diffraction grating, if the number of grooves is different, the line dispersion (dispersion width) for each wavelength is different, and the dispersion wavelength range is changed depending on the angle of the light beam incident on the diffraction grating. In the first means, a plurality of diffraction gratings having different numbers of grooves are used, each diffraction grating can be moved so as to irradiate the sample surface from one position within the focal point of the concave mirror, and different line dispersion can be performed by one device. It enables the examination of. That is, the diffraction grating with the minimum number of grooves is used to irradiate the wavelength range of the maximum range, and the photodegradation wavelength of the sample is searched for in a wide wavelength range. Also, as the number of grooves in the diffraction grating increases, the line dispersion increases and the irradiation wavelength range for the same irradiation surface narrows. Therefore, if a specific wavelength is taken, the dispersion width of that wavelength and the surrounding wavelengths will increase, and It is possible to investigate the light deterioration of the wavelength in detail. Furthermore, since the irradiation wavelength range can be changed by changing the incident angle of the reflected light of the concave mirror which enters each diffraction grating, many deterioration wavelength ranges can be investigated.

The second means is to provide a concave mirror body which has a small spherical aberration and a large light collecting ability. With a concave mirror, parallel rays closer to the center are focused at its focal point, but parallel rays farther from the center are focused at a position displaced to the concave mirror side, which is called spherical aberration.The larger the concave mirror, the greater the spherical aberration. Therefore, if this spherical aberration is large, the resolution of the dispersed light is naturally lowered.
Therefore, a plurality of small concave mirrors (having a smaller spherical aberration than the large concave mirror) with the same focal length as the large concave mirror are combined to form a concave mirror body that has almost the same light-collecting ability as the large concave mirror. By making it possible to adjust the focus position for each concave mirror, the focus of each small concave mirror can be made to match the focus of the large concave mirror corresponding to this concave mirror body, and it has a large light condensing ability of the large concave mirror. At the same time, it is intended to reduce spherical aberration.

Further, since the dispersion wavelength range by the diffraction grating is determined by the angle of the reflected light flux of the concave mirror incident on the diffraction grating, the light flux of each concave mirror is adjusted by the angle adjusting mechanism provided in each small concave mirror adopted in the second means. By changing the angle of incidence on the diffraction grating, the specific wavelengths in the dispersed light can be superposed.

The third means is to provide a diffraction grating, by providing an independent sealed test chamber in which the sample is placed.
Condensation is generated on the surface of the sample by cooling the backside of the sample under a constant temperature and humidity condition while conducting a test in which the temperature and humidity condition is added to the sample without affecting the temperature and humidity on the equipment such as concave mirror. This is to broaden the test range of the spectral irradiation test equipment.For example, by adding conditions that are similar to the environment actually used outdoors, at each wavelength, the correlation with the outdoors can be improved. It is intended to obtain a deteriorating deterioration mode.

The fourth means is to seal the test chamber with nitrogen to keep the test chamber in a dry state and prevent oxidative deterioration of the sample due to oxygen bonding, and to perform a purely photo-deteriorated test. It is the one to try.

Further, the fifth means is to quantitatively evaluate the photodegradation by measuring the energy of a specific wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths among the wavelengths dispersedly irradiated on the sample. . Further, when the incident angle of the reflected light of the concave mirror to the diffraction grating and the diffraction grating having different numbers of grooves is changed in the first means, the wavelengths received by these light receivers are different, but the sample surface is dispersedly irradiated on the sample surface. Since the position of the wavelength in is determined by the number of grooves of the diffraction grating and the incident angle, if the sensitivity of the light receiver corresponding to these is obtained in advance, it can be linked to the diffraction grating moving mechanism and the diffraction grating changing mechanism. Therefore, the sensitivity of the light receiver can be changed. Further, the sixth means is capable of irradiating the adjustment wavelength and its surrounding wavelengths with a constant energy at all times by controlling the output of the light source having a characteristic that the irradiation energy is attenuated with the lapse of time. It is intended to manage the control by irradiation time.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A spectral irradiation apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a plan view of an essential part of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view thereof. 1 and 2, a light source chamber 2 having a dark box shape is connected to a spectroscopic chamber 4 to which a test chamber 3 having a closed shape is connected, and all three chambers are fixed on a mount 5.

In the light source chamber 2, a 5 kW air-cooled short arc xenon lamp is vertically arranged as a light source 6, and the periphery thereof is covered with a cylindrical lamp house 7. The lamp house 7 is provided with an opening 8 for taking out irradiation light at a substantially target position with the light source 6 interposed therebetween. Further, the lower end opening of the lamp house 7 penetrates the floor surface of the light source room 2 and is connected to the blower 9 fixed to the pedestal 5, and the upper end opening thereof penetrates the ceiling of the light source room 2 and projects to the outside of the device. ing. The light source 6 is cooled by the blower 9 forcing the outside air into the lamp house 7
The inside of the lamp house 7 is made to flow upward, and the upper end opening of the lamp house 7 serves as an exhaust port. Further, an air cleaning filter (not shown) for cleaning the outside air to be sucked is provided at the suction port of the blower 9.

As a reflecting mirror for efficiently guiding the irradiation light from the opening 8 provided in the lamp house 7 to the spectroscopic chamber 4,
A concave mirror a10 and a concave mirror b11 corresponding to the openings 8 are formed.
Is provided. The concave mirror a10 is for guiding the irradiation light to the spectroscopic chamber 4, and the concave mirror b11 is for reflecting the irradiation light on the side that cannot be captured by the concave mirror a10 and guiding it to the concave mirror a10. These two concave mirrors efficiently The light emitted from the light source 6 is condensed. In addition, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-70176
The device disclosed in the publication uses an elliptic mirror as a reflector, but the elliptic mirror is much more expensive than the concave mirror and is not used in this embodiment.

The irradiation light from the light source 6 is focused on the focal point thereof by the concave mirror a10. The focal position is on the side of the spectroscopic chamber 4 that is close to the partition 12 that separates the light source chamber 2 and the spectroscopic chamber 4. A heat ray absorption filter 13 for removing extra heat rays in the irradiation light is provided at a position close to the partition wall 12 on the light source chamber 2 side. This filter consists of two UV transmitting filters,
For example, pass cold water between the transparent quartz glass filters 14,
This cold water absorbs heat rays to radiate heat, and is basically the same as that disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-70176. The cold water is used by circulating water in a cooling water tank 15 fixed on a mount 5 below the spectroscopic chamber 4, and the cooling water tank 15 is provided with a cooler 17 connected to a refrigerator 16.

A partition wall 1 for partitioning the light source chamber 2 and the spectroscopic chamber 4
2 has a small aperture 18 through which the irradiation light condensed by the concave mirror a10 passes, and a slit 19 is provided at the focal position of the concave mirror a10. The spectroscopic chamber 4 is provided with the slit 19, the concave mirror c20, and the two diffraction gratings A21 and B22. That is, the irradiation light passing through the slit 19 changes its direction by the concave mirror c20, is irradiated to one side of the diffraction grating, is dispersed here by wavelength, and is condensed on the surface of the sample 23.

By the way, when trying to irradiate a strong condensed light, that is, by irradiating the sample with stronger light energy with the same light source, or by irradiating a large area with a large area to reduce the decrease of the light energy. A large concave mirror is required when trying to do so, but the spherical aberration of the concave mirror increases as the diameter increases, so if precise focusing is required, simply increasing the size is not appropriate. . Aspherical mirrors can be used to eliminate spherical aberration, but this is expensive.

Therefore, when the concave mirror c20 is made large to enhance the light-collecting ability, a concave mirror body 24 in which a plurality of small concave mirrors 25 (four in this embodiment) are combined as shown in FIG. By doing so, it is possible to have the same light-collecting ability as the large concave mirror. For example, if the concave mirror c20 has a diameter of 4
If a rectangular concave mirror of 00 mm and a focal length of 850 mm is used, a concave mirror body 24 in which four small rectangular concave mirrors 25 having a diameter of 200 mm and a focal length of 850 mm are combined together has the same light-collecting ability. Here, since the spherical aberration Δ of the concave mirror is obtained by the following equation, the spherical aberration of the concave mirror having a diameter of 400 mm is about 3 mm, and the spherical aberration of the concave mirror having a diameter of 200 mm is about 0.73 mm, and the spherical aberration can be improved.

[0026]

[Equation 1]

However, the spherical aberration of about 0.73 mm is the spherical aberration of the individual small concave mirrors 25 constituting the concave mirror body 24. Therefore, if the focal points of these small concave mirrors 25 are not focused on one point, the improvement effect will be produced. Absent. Therefore, in order to match the focal points of these individual small concave mirrors 25, an angle adjusting mechanism 80 which individually adjusts the light collecting angle of the small concave mirror 25.
Was set up. An example thereof is shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. In the figure, the angle adjusting mechanism 80 fixes the center of the back surface of each small concave mirror 25 and the concave mirror fixing plate 26 via ball joints 27, and vertically fixes the angle adjusting screws 28 near the four corners of each concave mirror. Concave mirror fixing plate 2 corresponding to the adjusting screw 28
A small hole through which the screw 28 penetrates is provided at each position of 5, and each penetrating portion of the screw 28 is fixed with a nut 29. Therefore, by adjusting and fixing each screw 28 with the nut 29, the irradiation angle of the concave mirror can be changed, and the focal position of each small concave mirror 25 can be adjusted.

The individual wavelength widths (line dispersions) dispersedly irradiated to the sample 23 in the spectral irradiation device 1 differ depending on the number of grooves of the diffraction grating as described above, and the irradiation wavelength range is the incident angle of light incident on the diffraction grating. Depends on Therefore, two kinds of diffraction gratings having different numbers of grooves, that is, a diffraction grating A21 having a number of grooves of 2400 / mm and a diffraction grating B22 having a number of grooves of 1200 / mm, are provided so that the line dispersion and the irradiation wavelength range can be changed. I chose FIG. 5 shows an example of the configuration (enlarged view of the relevant portion in FIG. 1).

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the structure of the diffraction grating moving mechanism 30 and the diffraction grating changing mechanism 31. In the figure, a diffraction grating A21 having 2400 grooves / mm and 120 grooves
A 0 / mm diffraction grating B22 is fixed on the same straight line of the horizontally mounted slide base 32, and this straight line is orthogonal to the center of the light flux from the slit 19 (see FIG. 1) to the concave mirror c20. The slide base 32 is slidably fixed on the guide rail 33. A rack gear 34 is provided on the end surface of the slide base 32 parallel to the guide rail 33, and the servo motor a36 fixed to the base base 35 is provided.
It meshes with a pinion gear 37 attached to the shaft of the shaft and the slide base 32 is horizontally moved along the guide rail 33 by the rotation of the servo motor a36.
Further, a photo sensor a38 and a photo sensor b39 are fixed near both ends of the guide rail 33, and when the end of the slide base 32 reaches that position, it is detected and the rotation of the servo motor a36 is stopped. The slide mount 32 is stopped at that position. For example, when the slide mount 32 is stopped by the photo sensor a38, the center of the diffraction grating A21 is concave mirror c2.
It coincides with the center of the reflected light of 0, and similarly, the photo sensor b3
The diffraction grating moving mechanism 30 is configured such that the center of the diffraction grating B22 coincides with the center of the reflected light of the concave mirror c20 when stopped by 9. Further, the diffraction grating A21 is fixed to the slide base 32 via a rotation shaft (not shown) which is rotatable in the horizontal direction. The lower part of this rotary shaft penetrates the slide base 32, and a gear a40 (illustrated by a dotted line) is provided at the end thereof.
Is fixed and meshes with a gear b42 attached to the shaft of a servo motor b41 (illustrated by a dotted line) fixed to the lower side of the slide base 32, and the diffraction grating A21 is rotated by the rotation of the servo motor b41. ing. Now, the rotation angle of the diffraction grating A21 is determined by the potentiometer 43 (shown by a dotted line) and the wavelength selective switch 44 (see FIG. 7) that rotate with the rotation of the servo motor b41. That is, the servo motor b41 is rotated until the voltage corresponding to each wavelength selection switch 44 and the voltage of the potentiometer 43 are balanced, and when the voltage is balanced, the servo motor b41 is rotated.
The diffraction grating angle changing mechanism 31 is configured such that 41 is stopped and the diffraction grating A21 is rotated by a predetermined angle and stopped.

The diffraction grating moving mechanism 30 and the diffraction grating changing mechanism 31 are integrally formed and fixed within the focal point of the concave mirror c20.

In this embodiment, the wavelength range selected by the rotation of the diffraction grating A21 is 250 nm to 475 nm and 350 nm to
Three types of 575 nm and 450 nm to 650 nm,
Select the wavelength range of the diffraction grating B22 from 250 nm to 700 nm
And Now, the dispersion equation of the diffraction grating is mλ = d (sin
α-sin β), m is the order, λ is the wavelength, d is the lattice constant, α is the incident angle, and β is the diffraction angle. Where the incident angle α
Is an angle formed by the irradiation light of the concave mirror c20 and the normal line of the diffraction grating A21 and the diffraction grating B22, and the first-order diffracted light is used as the dispersed light.

In this embodiment, the concave mirror c20 is arranged at a position where the incident angle α for irradiating the diffraction grating B22 is 37 °. In this arrangement, from the above equation, the dispersion light of the diffraction grating B22 has a dispersion angle of 1 at a wavelength of 250 nm with respect to its normal line.
The dispersion angle at 7.6 ° and 700 nm is -13.8 °.
Therefore, 250 nm to 700 n in the diffraction grating B22
The dispersion range of the wavelength range of m is 31.4 °, and the sample 23 is fixedly arranged so that the surface of the sample 23 is located within this range. In this case, since the dispersion angles with respect to the normal line of the diffraction grating B22 are not equal, the sample 23 is arranged in consideration of this. Of course, the diffraction grating B22 may be tilted by a predetermined angle in order to set the incident angle α so that the dispersion angles become equal.

When the diffraction grating A21 irradiates the dispersed light in the three different wavelength ranges as described above, the arrangement of the sample 23 is determined by the diffraction grating B22 as described above. The mechanism 31 will change the angle so that the incident angle will be taken into consideration. Table 1 shows the relationship between this wavelength range and the incident light and dispersion angle.

[0035]

[Table 1]

Further, for example, the diffraction grating A21 is 250 nm.
In the case of irradiating the wavelength region of up to 475 nm in a distributed manner, the angle adjusting mechanism 80 provided in the concave mirror body 24 is used to change the reflection angles of, for example, two in the four small concave mirrors 25, and thereby the 250 nm to 475 nm Dispersed light in a wavelength range different from the wavelength range can be irradiated, and for example, the above-mentioned 250 nm to
460n for light with a wavelength of 310nm in the wavelength range of 75nm
It is also possible to superimpose light having a wavelength of m and irradiate them at the same time.

Here, the standard dyed cloth (Japanese Industrial Standard JIS
Using the fourth grade of L0841 specified blue scale as a sample, the standard fading (light gray scale No. 4 for fading and fading specified in JIS L0804 and the fading of the temple) by a single wavelength of 310 nm and 460 nm and the wavelength of 310 nm Experimental results on standard fading when light with a wavelength of 460 nm is superimposed on light will be described. (1) 50 MJ for 310 nm UV wavelength alone
When the light energy of / m ² was received, the standard bleaching occurred. (2) 200 in the case of a single visible light wavelength of 460 nm
When the light energy of MJ / m ² was received, the color faded normally. (3) When light with a single wavelength of 460 nm was superposed on light with a single wavelength of 310 nm, standard bleaching occurred when light energy of 5 MJ / m ² was received. From this experiment, it was found that in the case of (3), the standard color fading occurs with about 1/10 of the light energy of (1), and the light energy is synergized by overlapping the individual wavelengths, and a stronger photodegradation effect is exerted. I know that there are cases. Therefore, it is possible to clarify the mechanism of photodegradation in the natural world, that is, the photodegradation caused by solar energy, by various materials and wavelengths, by investigating such so-called synergistic photodegradation, in addition to the conventional investigation of wavelength dependence of only a single wavelength. become.

The sample 23 may be arranged in the test chamber 3 in which the temperature and humidity can be adjusted. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of essential parts of the test chamber 3 in which the sample 23 is arranged.

In the figure, the test chamber 3 is of a hermetically sealed shape and comprises a test tank 45 for placing the sample 23 and a temperature control tank 46 for keeping the inside of the test tank 45 at a predetermined temperature and humidity. The test tank 45 is connected to the spectroscopic chamber 4 slightly obliquely in consideration of the dispersion angle of the diffraction grating B22, and the dispersed light of the diffraction grating is effectively applied to the sample 23 at the connection surface between the test tank 45 and the spectroscopic chamber 4. A light receiving window 47 having a size capable of irradiating is provided, and the transparent quartz glass filter 14 is closely fixed thereto. The temperature adjusting tank 46 is provided with an air heater 48. A humidifier 49 (see FIG. 2) that generates humidified air is arranged on the floor of the pedestal 5,
It is connected to the temperature adjusting tank 46 via a steam pipe 50 for feeding humidified air. The temperature adjusting tank 46 and the test tank 45 are connected by a circulation pipe 52 having a blower 51 in the middle of the pipe and a circulation opening 53 penetrating the floor surface of the test tank 45 and the ceiling of the temperature adjusting tank 46. The humidified air inside is blower 51
Is sent to the test tank 45, and is circulated back through the circulation opening 53 to keep the inside of the test tank 45 at a predetermined temperature and humidity. Although not shown, the test tank 45 is provided with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor so that the temperature and humidity inside the test tank 45 are controlled to be constant.

The sample 23 placed in the test tank 45 may be capable of conducting a dew condensation test. In the embodiment, a sample holder 55 having a plurality of electronic cooling elements 54 (see FIG. 1) fixed is provided at a position in contact with the back surface of the sample 23, the sample 23 is fixed to the sample holder 55, and a predetermined position in the test tank 45 is provided. I attached it to. In the dew condensation test, the inside of the test tank 45 is maintained at a constant temperature and humidity, and the sample 2 is measured by the electronic cooling element 54.
The sample 23 is cooled from the back surface of No. 3 so that the sample 23 has a dew point or lower, and dew condensation is caused on the surface of the sample 23. Further, the heat dissipation of the electronic cooling element 54 of the embodiment was made by a pipe (not shown) using the cooling water used for the heat dissipation of the heat ray absorbing filter 13. The sample holder 55 is used for the sample 23
Was bent on a certain curved surface to be attached (see FIG. 1).

Depending on the sample 23, oxidative deterioration due to the combination of oxygen in the air may occur at the same time as the photodegradation, and it may not be possible to evaluate only the photodegradation. Therefore, in some cases, the test may be performed purely by photo-deterioration without causing the oxidative deterioration due to the oxygen bond. FIG. 6 is an example also showing the configuration in that case, in which a pipe for feeding nitrogen, for example, is connected to the test chamber 3. That is, a nitrogen feed pipe 56 connected to a nitrogen cylinder (not shown) for feeding nitrogen and a nitrogen exhaust pipe 57 for exhausting nitrogen are connected to the temperature control tank 46, and a valve is provided in the middle of both pipes. By arranging 58, by opening and closing the valve 58 in the middle of both pipes for a certain period of time, the nitrogen in the test tank 45 and the temperature adjusting tank 46 is discharged and the both tanks are filled with nitrogen. is there.

The light energy of the specific dispersed light with which the surface of the sample 23 is irradiated may be measured. 1 and 6 show the arrangement of a photodetector for measuring the light energy. That is, three light receivers a59, light receivers b60, and light receivers c61 are arranged outside the test tank 45 near the lower end of the light receiving window 47 at a constant distance from the sample 23 in the dispersion direction of the dispersed light. I am doing it. The sensitivity of each of these light receivers is corrected in advance by the distance from the sample 23 so that the amount of light received by the surface of the sample 23 is the same. Further, if the wavelength range of irradiation is different as described above, the specific wavelength received by each light receiver will also be different. Therefore, a calibration value corresponding to the light receiving wavelength in each wavelength region (which varies depending on each wavelength region) is obtained in advance and is interlocked with the operation of the diffraction grating moving mechanism 30 and the diffraction grating changing mechanism 31, that is, each light receiving wavelength. The amplifier 65 (see FIG. 7) connected to the instrument is provided with a trimmer (not shown) for setting its output to an output corresponding to the calibration value, and this trimmer is switched in association with each of the received wavelengths. , The sensitivity of the light receiver is automatically switched. Table 2 shows an example of the received light wavelength.

[0043]

[Table 2]

Further, in each of the wavelength regions, one of the three light receivers is selected, and the amount of change in the amount of light received by the light receiver is adjusted so that the light energy received by the light receiver is always constant. Therefore, a light energy automatic adjustment mechanism 62 for controlling the input power of the light source 6 may be provided. In this embodiment, the light source 6
Like the short arc xenon lamp used as
Even if the irradiation energy is attenuated with the time of use, the light energy automatic adjustment mechanism 62 always irradiates the specific wavelength and the wavelengths around it with constant energy, so that the test can be managed in the irradiation time. Like

FIG. 7 shows the light energy measuring mechanism 63,
It is an example of a sensitivity switching mechanism 64 and a light energy automatic adjustment mechanism 62 of the light receiver. The mechanism will be described with reference to the drawings. (1) The wavelength selection switch 44 (arranged on a control panel (not shown)) selects a wavelength range in which the surface of the sample 23 is dispersed and irradiated. (2) The diffraction grating moving mechanism 30 operates, and the diffraction grating A21 or the diffraction grating B22 is concave mirror c depending on the selected wavelength range.
It moves to the position where the light flux from 20 enters. I. When the selected wavelength range is 250 nm to 700 nm, the diffraction grating B22 is selected. B. Selectable wavelength range is 250nm-475nm, 350nm
In the case of ˜575 nm or 450 nm to 650 nm, the diffraction grating A21 is selected. In the cases of (3) and (2), the diffraction grating A21 is rotated so that the wavelength range selected by the diffraction grating angle changing mechanism 31 can be dispersedly irradiated, that is, the incidence angle shown in Table 1 above. (4) One of the four kinds of wavelength bands is determined by (a) and (3) of (2), and at the same time, each of the light receivers a59,
The trimmer of the amplifier 65 connected to each of the photodetector b60 and the photodetector c61 switches corresponding to the determined wavelength, and each photodetector is switched to the sensitivity of the received wavelength (wavelength shown in Table 2) in the determined wavelength range. (5) Each of the light receivers a, b, and c receives the light energy of a specific wavelength in the determined wavelength range, and the output is amplified by the amplifier 65 provided for each. Each amplified output is obtained as a predetermined numerical value by an arithmetic circuit (not shown) and can be selectively displayed on the display 66. Of course, the integrated value of the light energy received by each light receiver may be displayed, or the light energy for each light receiver may be printed out. (6) The irradiation energy of the light source 6 is adjusted by the light receivers a and b.
Alternatively, one of the outputs c or c is selected and sent to an energy setting controller in which the irradiation energy of the light source 6 has been set in advance, and is compared with the set energy value and calculated to adjust the power of the light source 6. Has become.

In the above (1) to (6), (1) to (4) control the sensitivity switching mechanism 64 of the optical receiver, (5) controls the light energy measuring mechanism 63, and (6) controls the output of the light source 6. 6 is a description of a light energy automatic adjustment mechanism 62 that performs.

As a matter of course, since the higher-order wavelengths are overlapped and irradiated by the wavelengths that are dispersedly irradiated to the sample 23, it is necessary to provide an order cut filter corresponding to the corresponding wavelengths. Although not shown, in the present embodiment, the order cut filter is fixed at a position close to the front surface of the sample 23 so as to be replaceable according to the irradiation wavelength range.

[0048]

[Effect] According to the present invention, irradiation in a wide wavelength range and irradiation with a large line dispersion in a narrow wavelength range can be performed, and the irradiation wavelength range with a large line dispersion can be changed. Since the photodegradation due to the wavelength in the vicinity can be examined in detail, the single spectral irradiation test, which was conventionally performed using a plurality of devices, is now possible.

Further, since the concave mirror body is formed by combining a plurality of small concave mirrors, and the focus position of each small concave mirror can be adjusted, it has the same light-collecting ability as the large concave mirror and the spherical aberration can be reduced. It is possible to perform high-precision, high-energy and precise tests, and even with a light source of the same output, it is possible to irradiate a larger area by reducing the decrease in light energy. For example, a test piece used for a tensile test (so-called dumbbell-shaped test It is now possible to test one piece. Further, since the test can be performed on the sample in consideration of various environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, the device can obtain the test result more correlated with the deterioration of the sample outdoors.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram (plan view) of a main part of a spectral irradiation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an example of a concave mirror body configured by combining small concave mirrors.

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram (plan view) of a main part of a diffraction grating moving mechanism and a diffraction grating changing mechanism.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a main part of a test room.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a mechanism for measuring light energy, switching sensitivity of a light receiver, and automatically adjusting light energy.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a conventional spectral irradiation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Spectral irradiation device 2 Light source room 3 Test room 4 Spectroscopy room 6 Light source 10 Concave mirror a 11 Concave mirror b 13 Heat ray absorption filter 14 Transparent quartz glass filter 19 Slit 20 Concave mirror c 21 Diffraction grating A 22 Diffraction grating B 23 Sample 24 Concave mirror 25 Small Concave mirror 30 Diffraction grating moving mechanism 31 Diffraction grating angle changing mechanism 45 Test tank 46 Temperature control tank 47 Light receiving window 54 Electronic cooling element 56 Nitrogen inlet pipe 57 Nitrogen exhaust pipe 59 Light receiver a 60 Light receiver b 61 Light receiver c 62 Light energy Automatic adjustment mechanism 63 Light energy measurement mechanism 64 Sensitivity switching mechanism 80 Angle adjustment mechanism

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A light source having a reflecting mirror for converging irradiation light, a slit arranged at the focal point of the reflecting mirror, a concave mirror for condensing light passing through the slit on a sample surface, and a concave mirror arranged inside the focal point of the concave mirror. In a spectral irradiator that consists of a diffraction grating that disperses the reflected light of a concave mirror that has entered at a predetermined angle for each wavelength and irradiates the sample surface that is fixedly arranged, arrange two or more diffraction gratings with different numbers of grooves. A diffraction grating moving mechanism for moving the respective two or more diffraction gratings to a position within a focal point of the concave mirror capable of entering the reflected light of the concave mirror and irradiating the fixedly arranged sample surface, and each of the two or more diffraction gratings. And a diffraction grating angle changing mechanism for changing the incident light angle of the reflected light of the concave mirror provided in, and a test of different wavelength ranges and a test of different line dispersion can be performed. 2. The concave mirror is composed of a plurality of small concave mirrors, each small concave mirror is provided with an angle adjusting mechanism for adjusting a focal position, and the converging light has a spherical aberration smaller than that of the concave mirror and is the same as that of the concave mirror. The spectral irradiation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a test having ability or a synergistic photodegradation test in which spectral energies of different specific wavelengths are simultaneously superposed can be performed. 3. A closed test tank having a light receiving window with a transparent glass filter attached at a position where the entire front surface of a fixed sample can receive the dispersed light of a diffraction grating, and a cooling device for cooling the back surface of the sample. And a test chamber having a temperature control tank for adjusting the temperature and humidity in the test tank. 4. The spectral irradiation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a pipe for sealing nitrogen is connected to the test chamber. 5. The optical energy distributed in the dispersion direction of the dispersed light is measured at a position where the dispersed light of the diffraction grating irradiated to the sample is not interfered and the dispersed light can be received at a certain distance from the surface of the sample. One or two or more light receivers for adjusting the diffraction grating moving mechanism and the diffraction grating angle changing mechanism so that the light receiving sensitivities of the light receivers are different from each other in the number of grooves and the reflection of the concave mirror incident on the diffraction grating. 2. A sensitivity switching mechanism for changing the sensitivity according to the angle of light is provided.
The spectral irradiation device according to 2, 3, or 4. 6. A light energy automatic adjustment mechanism for controlling the output of a light source is provided in order to keep constant the light energy of the wavelength received by the light receiver from one output in the light receiver. The spectral irradiation apparatus according to claim 5, which is characterized in that.