JP2640212B2 - Spectral irradiation device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for examining the wavelength dependence of deterioration in a light resistance test for accelerating the deterioration of various industrial materials and products due to light.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An apparatus for examining the wavelength dependence of photodeterioration of a substance is known in the prior art, and is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-70176.
No. Gazette. FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of the spectral irradiation device 1 disclosed in the publication.

In FIG. 8, an elliptical mirror 68 is provided in a light source chamber 2 as a reflector for irradiating strong light, and a light source 6 (air-cooled 5 kW short arc xenon lamp) is arranged at a first focal point. A plane mirror 69 for bending a light beam from the light source 6 and a heat ray absorbing filter 13 for absorbing heat rays are provided. The spectroscopic chamber 4 includes a slit 19 disposed at the second focal point of the elliptical mirror 68, a concave mirror d70 that folds the light beam from the slit 19 into a parallel light beam, and guides the light beam to the diffraction grating C71.
A concave mirror e72 that folds the light dispersed by the diffraction grating C71 for each wavelength again and irradiates the surface of the sample 23 is provided. According to this device, for example, a wavelength range of 250 nm to 700 n
The light having a distance of m is dispersed and radiated over a range of about 9 cm on the irradiation surface. Further, in this apparatus, a part of the irradiation light is bent out of the irradiation light system by a half mirror 73 provided in front of the sample 23, and the light for each wavelength is emitted by a micro-surface light receiving device 74 arranged in the wavelength dispersion direction. Energy is required.

[0004] In the figure, reference numeral 75 denotes an activation device for turning on the light source 6, 76 denotes a cooling duct for cooling the light source 6, 65 denotes an amplifier for amplifying the output of the minute surface light receiver 74, and 77 denotes an amplifier for amplifying An arithmetic circuit 66 performs arithmetic processing on the output to obtain a predetermined numerical value. Reference numeral 66 denotes a display for displaying the numerical value.

[0005]

As described above, the spectral irradiation apparatus is an apparatus for examining the wavelength dependence of light deterioration of a sample. Well, when testing with a spectroscopy irradiator,
For samples for which the degradation wavelength is not known, it is necessary to specify the degradation wavelength by irradiating as wide a wavelength range as possible.For samples for which the degradation wavelength has already been identified, the irradiation wavelength range must be determined in order to analyze wavelengths near the degradation wavelength in detail. It is necessary to increase the linear dispersion (dispersion width) for each wavelength in the wavelength region. Therefore, there has been a demand for a spectral irradiation apparatus that can increase the linear dispersion in a wide wavelength range and a narrow wavelength range by one unit.

Further, the spectral irradiation device is also a light resistance test device, and it is desirable that the test can examine the photodeterioration and the wavelength dependence of the sample in a short time. For this purpose, it is necessary to provide a large condensing device, that is, a large concave mirror, and disperse and irradiate the sample with strong light.However, if the concave mirror is large, spherical aberration increases and the resolution of the dispersed light decreases. I do. Therefore, if an aspherical mirror is used in place of the large concave mirror, the reduction of spherical aberration can be improved, but the aspherical mirror is very expensive, so that the apparatus price is high and is not practical.

[0007] Further, depending on the material, light deterioration may be enhanced by overlapping specific wavelengths.
In order to investigate this phenomenon, for example, it is possible to use a monochromator for irradiating a specific wavelength as many as the number of overlapping wavelengths, but it is not possible with a conventional spectral irradiation apparatus.

[0008] In the light resistance test, a test is performed in which the temperature and humidity environment in which the sample is placed is reproduced, and the deterioration due to the temperature and humidity is considered in addition to the light deterioration. In addition to the investigation and acceleration test of the wavelength dependence of photodegradation, there has been a demand for a spectral irradiator that also considers the environmental conditions in which the sample is placed.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, the following means are employed. That is, a light source having a reflector for condensing the irradiation light, a slit disposed at the focal point of the reflector, a concave mirror for condensing the light passing through the slit on the sample surface, and a concave mirror disposed within the focal point of the concave mirror. And a diffraction grating for dispersing the reflected light of the concave mirror incident at a predetermined angle for each wavelength and irradiating a fixedly arranged sample surface with the diffraction grating, wherein two or more diffraction gratings having different numbers of grooves are arranged. A diffraction grating moving mechanism for moving the one or more diffraction gratings to one position within the focal point of the concave mirror capable of receiving the reflected light of the concave mirror and irradiating the fixedly arranged sample surface with the two or more diffraction gratings; A first aspect of the present invention is a spectral irradiation apparatus including a diffraction grating changing mechanism for changing an incident light angle of the reflected light of the concave mirror.

The second means is a spectral irradiation apparatus in which the concave mirror of the first means is constituted by a plurality of small concave mirrors, and each of the small concave mirrors is provided with an angle adjusting mechanism for adjusting a focal position. .

In the above-mentioned first and second means, a test vessel having a closed shape provided with a light receiving window provided with a transparent glass filter at a position where the entire front surface of the fixed sample can receive the dispersed light of the diffraction grating; A third means is a spectral irradiation apparatus provided with a test chamber having a cooling device for cooling the back surface of the sample and a temperature control chamber for controlling the temperature and humidity in the test chamber. A spectral irradiator connected to a pipe for encapsulating was used as a fourth means.

In addition, at a certain distance from the sample surface, the light energy distributed in the dispersion direction of the dispersed light is measured at a position where the dispersed light of the diffraction grating irradiated on the sample is not hindered and the dispersed light can be received. One or two or more light receivers and the diffraction grating moving mechanism and the diffraction grating bending mechanism, and the light receiving sensitivity of the light receiver is adjusted by the reflection of the concave gratings incident on the diffraction gratings and the diffraction gratings having different numbers of grooves. The fifth means is a spectral irradiation device provided with a sensitivity switching mechanism for changing the sensitivity to the angle corresponding to the angle of light. Further, from one output in the light receiver, the light energy of the wavelength received by the light receiver is obtained. The sixth means is a spectral irradiation apparatus provided with an automatic light energy adjustment mechanism for controlling the output of the light source in order to keep the output constant.

[0013]

In the diffraction grating, if the number of grooves is different, the linear dispersion (dispersion width) differs for each wavelength, and the dispersion wavelength range changes depending on the angle of the light beam incident on the diffraction grating. In the first means, a plurality of diffraction gratings having different numbers of grooves are used, and each diffraction grating can be moved so as to irradiate the sample surface from one position within the focal point of the concave mirror. It is intended to be able to test. That is, irradiation in the maximum wavelength range is performed by the diffraction grating having the minimum number of grooves, and the light degradation wavelength of the sample is searched for in a wide wavelength range. Also, as the number of grooves in the diffraction grating increases, the linear dispersion increases and the irradiation wavelength range on the same irradiation surface decreases, so that if a specific wavelength is taken, the dispersion width of that wavelength and the surrounding wavelengths increases, and the specific wavelength increases. The optical degradation of the wavelength can be investigated in detail. Further, by changing the incident angle of the reflected light of the concave mirror incident on each diffraction grating, the irradiation wavelength range can be changed, so that many degradation wavelength ranges can be investigated.

The second means is to reduce the spherical aberration and provide a concave mirror having a large light-gathering ability. In a concave mirror, parallel rays near the center are focused at the focal point, but parallel rays far from the center are focused at a position shifted to the concave mirror side, there is a so-called spherical aberration, the larger the concave mirror, the larger the spherical aberration If the spherical aberration is large, the resolution of the dispersed light naturally decreases.
Therefore, a combination of a plurality of small concave mirrors with the same focal length as the large concave mirror (smaller spherical aberration than the large concave mirror) is combined to form a concave mirror body that has almost the same light-collecting ability as the large concave mirror. By allowing the focal position of each concave mirror to be adjusted, the focal point of each small concave mirror can be matched to the focal point of a large concave mirror corresponding to this concave mirror body, and the large concave mirror has the large light-gathering ability. At the same time, the spherical aberration is to be reduced.

Further, since the wavelength range of dispersion by the diffraction grating is determined by the angle of the reflected light beam from the concave mirror incident on the diffraction grating, the light flux of each concave mirror is adjusted by the angle adjusting mechanism provided for each small concave mirror adopted in the second means. By changing the angle of incidence on the diffraction grating, specific wavelengths in the dispersed light can be superimposed.

The third means is to provide an independent closed test chamber for placing a sample, thereby providing a diffraction grating,
Tests should be performed with temperature and humidity conditions applied to the sample without affecting the temperature of the concave mirror and other devices, and dew condensation will occur on the sample surface by cooling the sample back surface under constant temperature and humidity conditions. It is intended to expand the range of tests of the spectroscopic irradiation test equipment. For example, by adding conditions similar to the environment actually used outdoors, at each wavelength, the correlation with the outdoors is better. It is intended to obtain a degraded deterioration form.

The fourth means is to fill the test chamber with nitrogen to dry the test chamber, prevent the sample from being oxidized and degraded due to oxygen bonding, and perform a test of purely photodegradation only. That's what I'm trying to do.

Further, the fifth means is to quantitatively evaluate photodeterioration by measuring the energy of a specific wavelength or a plurality of wavelengths among the wavelengths dispersed and irradiated to the sample. . Further, when the incident angle of the reflected light of the concave mirror to the diffraction grating having a different number of grooves and the diffraction grating is changed in the first means, the wavelengths received by these light receivers are different, but the sample surface dispersedly illuminated on the sample surface Since the position of the wavelength in is determined by the number of grooves of the diffraction grating and the incident angle, if the sensitivity of the photodetector corresponding to these is determined in advance, it is linked to the diffraction grating moving mechanism and the diffraction grating bending mechanism. Thus, the sensitivity of the light receiver can be changed. Further, the sixth means is that, even in a light source having a characteristic that the irradiation energy is attenuated with the use time, by controlling the output, the adjustment wavelength and the surrounding wavelength can be always irradiated with a constant energy, and the test is performed. Is controlled by the irradiation time.

[0019]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a spectral irradiation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a main part of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view thereof. In FIGS. 1 and 2, a spectroscopic chamber 4 to which a test chamber 3 having a closed shape is connected is connected to a light source chamber 2 having a dark box shape, and all three chambers are fixed on a gantry 5.

In the light source chamber 2, a 5 kW air-cooled short arc xenon lamp is vertically arranged as a light source 6, and the periphery thereof is covered with a cylindrical lamp house 7. The lamp house 7 is provided with an opening 8 for taking out irradiation light almost at a target position with the light source 6 interposed therebetween. The lower end opening of the lamp house 7 penetrates the floor of the light source room 2 and is connected to the blower 9 fixed to the gantry 5, and the upper end opening penetrates the ceiling of the light source room 2 and projects outside the device. ing. The cooling of the light source 6 is performed by forcing the outside air by the blower 9 to the lamp house 7.
The inside of the lamp house 7 flows upward from below, and the upper end opening of the lamp house 7 serves as an exhaust port. In addition, an air purifying filter (not shown) for purifying the outside air to be sucked is provided at a suction port of the blower 9.

As a reflecting mirror for efficiently guiding the irradiation light from the opening 8 provided in the lamp house 7 to the spectroscopic chamber 4,
The concave mirrors a10 and b11 correspond to the openings 8 respectively.
Is provided. The concave mirror a10 is for guiding the irradiation light to the spectroscopic chamber 4, and the concave mirror b11 is for reflecting the irradiation light on the side where the concave mirror a10 cannot be captured and guiding the irradiation light to the concave mirror a10. The light from the light source 6 is collected. In addition, Japanese Patent Publication 3-70176
In the device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. H11-209, an elliptical mirror is used as a reflector, but the elliptical mirror was not used in this embodiment because it is much more expensive than a concave mirror.

The light emitted from the light source 6 is condensed at its focal point by a concave mirror a10. The focus position is on the side of the spectroscopic chamber 4 close to the partition wall 12 that separates the light source chamber 2 from the spectroscopic chamber 4. A heat ray absorbing filter 13 for removing excess heat rays in the irradiation light is provided at a position close to the partition 12 on the light source chamber 2 side. This filter has two UV transmission filters,
For example, cold water is passed between the transparent quartz glass filters 14,
This cold water absorbs heat rays to release heat, which is basically the same as that disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-70176. The cold water is used by circulating water in a cooling water tank 15 fixed on the gantry 5 below the spectroscopic chamber 4, and the cooling water tank 15 is provided with a cooler 17 connected to a refrigerator 16.

A partition 1 for partitioning the light source chamber 2 and the spectroscopic chamber 4
2 has a small opening 18 through which the irradiation light condensed by the concave mirror a10 passes, and a slit 19 is provided at the focal position of the concave mirror a10. The spectral chamber 4 is provided with the slit 19, the concave mirror c20, and two diffraction gratings A21 and B22. That is, the irradiation light that has passed through the slit 19 is redirected by the concave mirror c20 and is irradiated on one of the diffraction gratings, where it is dispersed by wavelength and condensed on the surface of the sample 23.

By the way, when it is intended to irradiate a strong condensed light, that is, irradiate the sample with stronger light energy with the same light source, or irradiate a large area with a longer light path to reduce a decrease in light energy. If a large concave mirror is required, the spherical aberration of the concave mirror increases as its diameter increases, so if precise focusing is required, simply increasing the size is not appropriate. . The use of an aspheric mirror can eliminate spherical aberration, but is expensive.

In order to increase the light-gathering ability by increasing the size of the concave mirror c20, as shown in FIG. 3, a concave mirror body 24 combining a plurality of small concave mirrors 25 (four in this embodiment) is used. Then, the same condensing ability as that of the large concave mirror can be provided. For example, a concave mirror c20 having a diameter of 4
If the focal length is 850 mm with a 00 mm square concave mirror, the concave mirror body 24 in which four rectangular small concave mirrors 25 each having a diameter of 200 mm and a focal length of 850 mm are combined has the same light collecting ability. Here, since the spherical aberration Δ of the concave mirror is obtained by the following equation, the spherical aberration of the concave mirror having a diameter of 400 mm is about 3 mm, and the spherical aberration of the concave mirror having a diameter of 200 mm is about 0.73 mm, and the spherical aberration can be improved.

[0026]

(Equation 1)

However, since the spherical aberration of about 0.73 mm is the spherical aberration of each of the small concave mirrors 25 constituting the concave mirror 24, the effect of improvement is produced unless the focal points of these small concave mirrors 25 are condensed at one point. Absent. Therefore, in order to make the focal points of the individual small concave mirrors 25 coincide with each other, an angle adjusting mechanism 80 that individually adjusts the condensing angle of the small concave mirror 25 is used.
Was provided. An example is shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. In the figure, the angle adjusting mechanism 80 fixes the center of the back surface of each small concave mirror 25 and the concave mirror fixing plate 26 via the ball joint 27, and vertically fixes the angle adjusting screw 28 near the four corners of each concave mirror. Concave mirror fixing plate 2 corresponding to adjustment screw 28
5 are provided with small holes through which the screw 28 penetrates, and each penetrating portion of the screw 28 is fixed with a nut 29. Therefore, by adjusting and fixing each screw 28 with the nut 29, the irradiation angle of the concave mirror can be changed, and the focal position of each small concave mirror 25 can be adjusted.

Each wavelength width (linear dispersion) of the sample 23 to be dispersed and irradiated in the spectral irradiation apparatus 1 differs depending on the number of grooves of the diffraction grating as described above, and the irradiation wavelength range is the incident angle of light incident on the diffraction grating. Depends on Therefore, two types of diffraction gratings having different numbers of grooves, that is, a diffraction grating A21 having 2400 grooves / mm and a diffraction grating B22 having 1200 grooves / mm are provided so that the linear dispersion and the irradiation wavelength range can be changed. I made it. FIG. 5 shows an example of the configuration (an enlarged view of the portion in FIG. 1).

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the structure of the diffraction grating moving mechanism 30 and the diffraction grating deflection mechanism 31. In the figure, a diffraction grating A21 having 2400 grooves / mm and 120 grooves are provided.
A diffraction grating B22 of 0 / mm is fixed on the same straight line of a horizontally arranged slide base 32, and this straight line is orthogonal to the center of the light beam from the slit 19 (see FIG. 1) to the concave mirror c20. The slide base 32 is slidably fixed on a guide rail 33. A rack gear 34 is provided on an end surface of the slide base 32 parallel to the guide rail 33, and a servo motor a 36 fixed to the base base 35 is provided.
The slide frame 32 is horizontally moved along the guide rail 33 by the rotation of the servo motor a36.
A photosensor a38 and a photosensor b39 are fixed near both ends of the guide rail 33, respectively. When the end of the slide base 32 reaches that position, it is detected and the rotation of the servomotor a36 is stopped. The slide base 32 is stopped at that position. For example, when the slide base 32 is stopped by the photo sensor a38, the center of the diffraction grating A21 is set to the concave mirror c2.
0 coincides with the center of the reflected light, and similarly the photo sensor b3
9, the diffraction grating moving mechanism 30 is configured so that the center of the diffraction grating B22 coincides with the center of the reflected light of the concave mirror c20 when stopped. Further, the diffraction grating A21 is fixed to a slide base 32 via a rotation shaft (not shown) rotatable in the horizontal direction. The lower part of the rotating shaft penetrates through the slide base 32 and has a gear a40 (shown by a dotted line) at its end.
Is fixed and meshes with a gear b42 attached to a shaft of a servo motor b41 (shown by a dotted line) fixed to the lower side of the slide base 32, so that the diffraction grating A21 is rotated by the rotation of the servo motor b41. ing. Now, the rotation angle of the diffraction grating A21 is determined by a potentiometer 43 (shown by a dotted line) and a wavelength selection switch 44 (see FIG. 7) which rotate with the rotation of the servomotor b41. That is, the servo motor b41 is rotated until the voltage corresponding to each wavelength selection switch 44 and the voltage of the potentiometer 43 are balanced.
41 constitutes a diffraction grating bending mechanism 31 in which the diffraction grating A21 rotates and stops at a predetermined angle.

The diffraction grating moving mechanism 30 and the diffraction grating changing mechanism 31 are integrally formed and fixed in the focal point of the concave mirror c20.

In this embodiment, the wavelength range selected by the rotation of the diffraction grating A21 is 250 nm to 475 nm, and 350 nm to 475 nm.
575 nm and three types of 450 nm to 650 nm,
The selected wavelength range of the diffraction grating B22 is from 250 nm to 700 nm.
And Now, the dispersion equation of the diffraction grating is mλ = d (sin
α-sin β), m is the order, λ is the wavelength, d is the lattice constant, α is the incident angle, and β is the diffraction angle. Here, the incident angle α
Is the angle formed between the irradiation light of the concave mirror c20 and the normal to the diffraction gratings A21 and B22, and the first-order diffracted light is used as the dispersed light.

In this embodiment, the concave mirror c20 is arranged at a position where the above-mentioned incident angle α for irradiating the diffraction grating B22 is 37 °. In this arrangement, from the above equation, the dispersed light of the diffraction grating B22 has a dispersion angle of 1 at a wavelength of 250 nm with respect to its normal.
The dispersion angle at 7.6 ° and 700 nm is −13.8 °.
Therefore, 250 nm to 700 n in the diffraction grating B22
The dispersion range of the wavelength range of m is 31.4 °, and the sample 23 is fixedly arranged so that the surface of the sample 23 is located within this range. In this case, since the dispersion angle with respect to the normal line of the diffraction grating B22 is not equal, the sample 23 is arranged in consideration of this. Of course, the diffraction grating B22 may be arranged to be inclined at a predetermined angle in order to set the incident angle α so that the dispersion angle becomes equal.

In the case where the diffraction grating A21 irradiates dispersed light in the three different wavelength ranges as described above, the arrangement of the sample 23 is determined by the diffraction grating B22 as described above. The angle is changed by the mechanism 31 so that the incident angle takes into account the angle. Table 1 shows the relationship between this wavelength range, the incident light and the dispersion angle.

[0035]

[Table 1]

Further, for example, the diffraction grating A21 has a wavelength of 250 nm.
In the case of dispersively irradiating the wavelength range of ~ 475 nm, the angle adjustment mechanism 80 provided on the concave mirror body 24 is used to change the reflection angle of, for example, two of the four small concave mirrors 25, thereby obtaining the wavelength of 250 ~ 475 nm. Dispersion light having a wavelength range different from the wavelength range can be irradiated.
460n to 310nm wavelength light in 75nm wavelength range
It is also possible to simultaneously irradiate the light of m wavelengths in a superposed manner.

Here, a standard dyed cloth (Japanese Industrial Standard JIS)
L0841 (blue scale specified in L0841) was used as a sample, and standard bleaching with light having a single wavelength of 310 nm and 460 nm (gradation fading grayscale No. 4 specified in JIS L0804 and a fading level of about 310 nm) and a wavelength of 310 nm were performed. An experimental result on standard fading when light having a wavelength of 460 nm is superimposed on light will be described. (1) In the case of an ultraviolet single wavelength of 310 nm, 50 MJ
When the light energy of / m ² was received, standard fading occurred. (2) In the case of a single wavelength of visible light of 460 nm, 200
Standard fading occurred upon receiving light energy of MJ / m ² . (3) When light of a single wavelength of 460 nm was superimposed on light of a single wavelength of 310 nm, when the light energy of 5 MJ / m ² was received, the light was standardly faded. From this experiment, it was found that in the case of (3), the standard color fading occurs at about 1/10 of the light energy of (1), and the light energy is multiplied by superimposing the single wavelengths to exert a stronger light deterioration effect. It turns out that there are cases. Therefore, it is possible to elucidate the mechanism of light degradation in the natural world, that is, the mechanism of light degradation due to solar energy, by various materials and wavelengths, by investigating not only the wavelength dependence of the conventional single wavelength but also the so-called synergistic light degradation. become.

The sample 23 may be provided in a test chamber 3 in which the temperature and humidity can be adjusted. FIG. 6 is a main part configuration diagram of the test chamber 3 in which the sample 23 is placed.

In the figure, the test chamber 3 is of a sealed shape and comprises a test tank 45 for placing the sample 23 and a temperature control tank 46 for keeping the inside of the test tank 45 at a predetermined temperature and humidity. The test tank 45 is slightly obliquely connected to the spectroscopic chamber 4 in consideration of the dispersion angle of the diffraction grating B22, and the dispersed light of the diffraction grating is effectively applied to the sample 23 at the connection surface between the test tank 45 and the spectroscopic chamber 4. A light receiving window 47 large enough to irradiate is provided, and the transparent quartz glass filter 14 is tightly fixed thereto. The temperature control tank 46 is provided with an air heater 48. A humidifier 49 (see FIG. 2) for generating humidified air is provided on the gantry 5 floor,
It is connected to a temperature control tank 46 via a steam pipe 50 for feeding humidified air. The temperature control tank 46 and the test tank 45 are connected by a circulation pipe 52 provided with a blower 51 in the middle of the pipe and a circulation opening 53 penetrating the floor of the test tank 45 and the ceiling of the temperature control tank 46. The heated humidified air in the blower 51
Then, circulation is carried out into the test tank 45 and returned through the circulation opening 53, so that the inside of the test tank 45 has a predetermined temperature and humidity. Although not shown, the test tank 45 is provided with a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, and controls the temperature and humidity in the test tank 45 to be constant.

The sample 23 placed in the test tank 45 may be subjected to a condensation test. In this embodiment, a sample holder 55 having a plurality of thermoelectric cooling elements 54 (see FIG. 1) fixed thereto is provided at a position in contact with the back surface of the sample 23, and the sample 23 is fixed to the sample holder 55. To be attached to In the dew condensation test, the inside of the test tank 45 was maintained at a constant temperature and humidity, and the sample 2 was cooled by the electronic cooling element 54.
The sample 23 is cooled from the back surface of the sample 3 so as to be below the dew point to cause dew condensation on the surface of the sample 23. Further, the heat radiation of the electronic cooling element 54 of the embodiment was made by piping (not shown) using the cooling water used for the heat radiation of the heat ray absorbing filter 13. The sample holder 55 holds the sample 23.
Was bent on a predetermined curved surface and attached (see FIG. 1).

Now, depending on the sample 23, oxidative deterioration in which oxygen in the air is combined with photodeterioration may occur at the same time, and it may not be possible to evaluate only photodeterioration. For this reason, there is a case where a test of only light deterioration is performed without causing oxidation deterioration due to oxygen bonding. FIG. 6 is an example showing the configuration in that case, in which a pipe for feeding nitrogen, for example, is connected to the test chamber 3. That is, a nitrogen feed pipe 56 connected to a nitrogen cylinder (not shown) for feeding nitrogen and a nitrogen exhaust pipe 57 for exhausting nitrogen are connected to the temperature control tank 46, and a valve is provided in the middle of both pipes. By opening and closing the valve 58 in the middle of both pipes for a certain period of time, nitrogen exhausts air in the test tank 45 and the temperature control tank 46 and fills both tanks. is there.

Further, the light energy of the specific dispersed light applied to the surface of the sample 23 may be measured. 1 and 6 show the arrangement of a light receiver for measuring the light energy. That is, three light receivers a59, b60 and c61 are arranged at regular intervals in the dispersion direction of the scattered light below the lower end of the light receiving window 47 outside the test tank 45 at a fixed interval from the sample 23. I have. The sensitivity of these light receivers is corrected in advance according to the distance from the sample 23 so as to be equal to the amount of light received at the surface of the sample 23. In addition, if the wavelength range to be irradiated is different as described above, the specific wavelength received by each light receiver will also be different. Therefore, a calibration value corresponding to the light receiving wavelength in each wavelength region (different depending on each wavelength region) is obtained in advance, and is linked to the operation of the diffraction grating moving mechanism 30 and the diffraction grating bending mechanism 31, that is, each light receiving wavelength is changed. The amplifier 65 (see FIG. 7) connected to the device is provided with a trimmer (not shown) for changing the output to an output corresponding to the calibration value, and the trimmer is switched in conjunction with each of the light receiving wavelengths. , The sensitivity of the light receiver is automatically switched. Table 2 shows an example of the light receiving wavelength.

[0043]

[Table 2]

In each of the wavelength ranges, one of the three light receivers is selected, and the amount of change in the amount of light energy received by the light receiver is selected so that the light energy received by the light receiver is always constant. Therefore, an automatic light energy adjusting mechanism 62 for controlling the input power of the light source 6 may be provided. In this embodiment, the light source 6
Like the short arc xenon lamp used as
Even if the irradiation energy is attenuated with the use time, the control of the test can be performed by the irradiation time by always irradiating the specific wavelength and the surrounding wavelengths with constant energy by the automatic light energy adjusting mechanism 62. Become like

FIG. 7 shows the light energy measuring mechanism 63,
It is an example of a sensitivity switching mechanism 64 and a light energy automatic adjustment mechanism 62 of the light receiver. The mechanism will be described with reference to the drawings. (1) A wavelength range for dispersively irradiating the surface of the sample 23 is selected by a wavelength selection switch 44 (disposed on a control panel (not shown)). (2) The diffraction grating moving mechanism 30 is operated, and the diffraction grating A21 or the diffraction grating B22 is turned into the concave mirror c depending on the selected wavelength range.
It moves to a position where the light beam from the light source 20 enters. I. When the selected wavelength range is from 250 nm to 700 nm, the diffraction grating B22 is selected. B. Selectable wavelength range from 250nm to 475nm, 350nm
When the wavelength is ５575 nm or 450 nm〜650 nm, the diffraction grating A21 is selected. (3) In the case of b in (2), the diffraction grating A21 is rotated so that the wavelength range selected by the diffraction grating bending mechanism 31 can be dispersedly irradiated, that is, the incident angle shown in Table 1 above. (4) Any one of the four wavelength ranges is determined by (a) and (3) in (2), and at the same time, each photodetector a59,
The trimmer of the amplifier 65 connected to each of the light receiver b60 and the light receiver c61 is switched according to the determined wavelength, and each light receiver is switched to the sensitivity of the received light wavelength (the wavelength shown in Table 2) in the determined wavelength region. (5) Each of the light receivers a, b, and c receives light energy of a specific wavelength in the above-mentioned determined wavelength range, and amplifies its output by an amplifier 65 provided for each. Each amplified output is obtained as a predetermined numerical value by an arithmetic circuit (not shown), and can be selectively displayed on the display 66. Of course, the integrated value of the light energy received by each light receiver may be displayed, and the light energy of each light receiver may be printed out. (6) Adjustment of the irradiation energy of the light source 6 is performed by the photodetectors a and b.
Or one of the outputs c is selected, sent to an energy setting adjuster in which the irradiation energy of the light source 6 is set in advance, is compared with the set energy value, and the power of the light source 6 is adjusted. Has become.

In the above (1) to (6), (1) to (4) control the sensitivity switching mechanism 64 of the light receiver, (5) control the light energy measuring mechanism 63, and (6) control the output of the light source 6. This is a description of the automatic light energy adjustment mechanism 62.

It is needless to say that higher order wavelengths are overlapped with the wavelength of the dispersed irradiation to the sample 23, so that it is necessary to provide an order cut filter corresponding to the wavelength. Although not shown, in this embodiment, this order cut filter is fixed at a position close to the front surface of the sample 23 so as to be replaceable according to the irradiation wavelength range.

[0048]

According to the present invention, irradiation in a wide wavelength range and irradiation in a narrow wavelength range with large linear dispersion can be performed, and the irradiation wavelength range with large linear dispersion can be changed. Since light degradation due to wavelengths in the vicinity can be examined in detail, a single apparatus can perform a spectral irradiation test conventionally performed using a plurality of apparatuses.

Also, since a concave mirror body is formed by combining a plurality of small concave mirrors and the focal position of each small concave mirror is adjustable, it has the same light-collecting ability as the large concave mirror and can reduce spherical aberration. It is possible to perform a high-energy, high-precision test and irradiate a larger area even with a light source of the same output by reducing the decrease in light energy. For example, a test piece to be subjected to a tensile test (so-called dumbbell-shaped test Test) became possible. In addition, since the test can be performed in consideration of various environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity on the sample, the apparatus can obtain a test result more correlated with the deterioration of the sample outdoors.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram (plan view) of a main part of a spectral irradiation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an example of a concave mirror formed by combining small concave mirrors.

FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram (plan view) of main parts of a diffraction grating moving mechanism and a diffraction grating bending mechanism.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a main part of a test room.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a mechanism for measuring light energy, switching the sensitivity of a light receiver, and automatically adjusting light energy.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a conventional spectral irradiation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Spectral irradiation apparatus 2 Light source room 3 Test room 4 Spectroscopic room 6 Light source 10 Concave mirror a 11 Concave mirror b 13 Heat ray absorption filter 14 Transparent quartz glass filter 19 Slit 20 Concave mirror c 21 Diffraction grating A 22 Diffraction grating B 23 Sample 24 Concave mirror 25 Small Concave mirror 30 Diffraction grating moving mechanism 31 Diffraction grating bending mechanism 45 Test tank 46 Temperature control tank 47 Light receiving window 54 Electronic cooling element 56 Nitrogen inlet pipe 57 Nitrogen exhaust pipe 59 Light receiver a 60 Light receiver b 61 Light receiver c 62 Optical energy Automatic adjustment mechanism 63 Light energy measurement mechanism 64 Sensitivity switching mechanism 80 Angle adjustment mechanism

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A light source having a reflecting mirror for condensing irradiation light, a slit disposed at a focal point of the reflecting mirror, a concave mirror for condensing light passing through the slit on a sample surface, and a concave mirror disposed within a focal point of the concave mirror. In a spectral irradiating apparatus comprising a diffraction grating that scatters reflected light of a concave mirror incident at a predetermined angle for each wavelength and irradiates a fixedly arranged sample surface, two or more diffraction gratings having different numbers of grooves are arranged. A diffraction grating moving mechanism for moving each of the two or more diffraction gratings to a position within a focal point of the concave mirror capable of irradiating the reflected light of the concave mirror and irradiating the fixedly arranged sample surface, and each of the two or more diffraction gratings; A spectroscopic irradiator, comprising: a diffraction grating bending mechanism for changing an incident light angle of the reflected light of the concave mirror provided in the above-described method, and capable of testing different wavelength ranges and testing different line dispersion. 2. The concave mirror comprises a plurality of small concave mirrors, each small concave mirror is provided with an angle adjusting mechanism for adjusting a focal position, and has a spherical aberration smaller than that of the concave mirror and the same condensing light as that of the concave mirror. 2. The spectral irradiation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a test having a capability or a synergistic light deterioration test in which spectral energies of different specific wavelengths are simultaneously overlapped can be performed. 3. A sealed test vessel having a light receiving window with a transparent glass filter attached at a position where the entire front surface of a fixed sample can receive the dispersed light of the diffraction grating, and a cooling device for cooling the back surface of the sample. 3. The spectral irradiation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a test chamber having a temperature control chamber for adjusting the temperature and humidity in the test chamber. 4. The spectral irradiation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a pipe for filling nitrogen is connected to the test chamber. 5. A method of measuring light energy distributed in a dispersion direction of a dispersed light at a position at a predetermined distance from a sample surface and at a position where the dispersed light of the diffraction grating irradiated on the sample is not hindered and the dispersed light can be received. One or two or more light receivers and the diffraction grating moving mechanism and the diffraction grating bending mechanism, and the light receiving sensitivity of the light receiver is adjusted by the reflection of the concave gratings incident on the diffraction gratings and the diffraction gratings having different numbers of grooves. 2. A device according to claim 1, further comprising a sensitivity switching mechanism for changing the sensitivity to a value corresponding to the angle of light.
5. The spectral irradiation apparatus according to 2, 3, or 4. 6. An automatic light energy adjusting mechanism for controlling an output of a light source in order to keep a constant light energy of a wavelength received by the light receiver from one output in the light receiver. The spectral irradiating apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: