JPH07231221A - Temperature compensation oscillator - Google Patents
Temperature compensation oscillatorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07231221A JPH07231221A JP2235694A JP2235694A JPH07231221A JP H07231221 A JPH07231221 A JP H07231221A JP 2235694 A JP2235694 A JP 2235694A JP 2235694 A JP2235694 A JP 2235694A JP H07231221 A JPH07231221 A JP H07231221A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- temperature
- voltage
- thermistor
- series
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は通信機器等に適する温度
補償形発振器に関する。更に詳しくは圧電媒質が四ほう
酸リチウム単結晶により構成される弾性表面波共振子を
用いた温度補償形発振器に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a temperature-compensated oscillator suitable for communication equipment. More specifically, the present invention relates to a temperature-compensated oscillator using a surface acoustic wave resonator whose piezoelectric medium is composed of lithium tetraborate single crystal.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】この種の温度補償形発振器は、図５に示
すようにトランジスタ方式のコルピッツ発振回路１のト
ランジスタ２のベース電極２ａに弾性表面波共振子３と
可変容量ダイオード４が直列に接続され、可変容量ダイ
オード４に温度補償回路５を介して電圧を印加するよう
に構成される。従来、この温度補償回路５では単一のＮ
ＴＣサーミスタ６と抵抗７とが直列に接続され、その接
続点Ａと可変容量ダイオード４との間に抵抗８が接続さ
れる。この温度補償回路５のサーミスタ６により可変容
量ダイオード４に印加する電圧が温度とともに変化す
る。単一のサーミスタ６は図６に示すように温度に対し
て指数関数で抵抗値が変化する。このため図５に示す温
度補償回路５では、図７に示すように発振器の発振周波
数について一次の温度特性を補償するに過ぎない。2. Description of the Related Art In this type of temperature-compensated oscillator, as shown in FIG. 5, a surface acoustic wave resonator 3 and a variable capacitance diode 4 are connected in series to a base electrode 2a of a transistor 2 of a transistor type Colpitts oscillator circuit 1. Then, a voltage is applied to the variable capacitance diode 4 via the temperature compensation circuit 5. Conventionally, in this temperature compensation circuit 5, a single N
The TC thermistor 6 and the resistor 7 are connected in series, and the resistor 8 is connected between the connection point A and the variable capacitance diode 4. The thermistor 6 of the temperature compensation circuit 5 changes the voltage applied to the variable capacitance diode 4 with temperature. As shown in FIG. 6, the resistance value of the single thermistor 6 changes exponentially with temperature. Therefore, the temperature compensating circuit 5 shown in FIG. 5 merely compensates the first-order temperature characteristic of the oscillation frequency of the oscillator as shown in FIG.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、圧電媒質が四
ほう酸リチウム単結晶により構成される弾性表面波共振
子を使用した発振器は、その発振周波数の変化率（△ｆ
／ｆ）が図２の破線に示すように常温付近にピークを持
つ二次の温度特性を有する。このため、上記温度補償回
路５で発振器の温度補償を行う場合には、単一のＮＴＣ
サーミスタが図６に示すように温度に対して指数関数で
抵抗値が変化するため、適切な補償ができない問題点が
あった。本発明の目的は、圧電媒質が四ほう酸リチウム
単結晶により構成される弾性表面波共振子を使用したと
きに、この弾性表面波共振子の特性である常温付近にピ
ークを持つ二次の温度特性を適切に補償し、温度変化に
よる発振周波数の変動を少なくする温度補償形発振器を
提供することにある。However, an oscillator using a surface acoustic wave resonator in which the piezoelectric medium is made of lithium tetraborate single crystal has a rate of change in oscillation frequency (Δf).
/ F) has a secondary temperature characteristic having a peak near room temperature as shown by the broken line in FIG. Therefore, when the temperature compensation circuit 5 compensates the temperature of the oscillator, a single NTC is used.
Since the resistance value of the thermistor changes exponentially with respect to temperature as shown in FIG. 6, there is a problem that proper compensation cannot be performed. An object of the present invention is, when a surface acoustic wave resonator whose piezoelectric medium is composed of lithium tetraborate single crystal is used, a secondary temperature characteristic having a peak near room temperature which is a characteristic of this surface acoustic wave resonator. To provide a temperature-compensated oscillator that appropriately compensates for the above and reduces fluctuations in the oscillation frequency due to temperature changes.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】図１に示すように、本発
明は、トランジスタ方式のコルピッツ発振回路１１のト
ランジスタ１２のベース電極１２ａに弾性表面波共振子
１３と可変容量ダイオード１５が直列に接続され、この
可変容量ダイオード１５に温度補償回路２０を介して電
圧を印加するように構成された温度補償形発振器１０の
改良である。その特徴ある構成は、弾性表面波共振子１
３の圧電媒質が四ほう酸リチウム単結晶により構成さ
れ、温度補償回路２０が第１ＮＴＣサーミスタ２１ａに
並列に第１抵抗２１ｂを接続した第１サーミスタ回路２
１と、この第１サーミスタ回路２１に直列に接続され第
２抵抗２２ｂに直列に第２ＮＴＣサーミスタ２２ａを接
続した第２サーミスタ回路２２と、第１サーミスタ回路
２１と第２サーミスタ回路２２により分圧された直流電
圧Ｖ1を増幅して可変容量ダイオード１５に印加する差
動増幅器２３とを備えたことにある。As shown in FIG. 1, according to the present invention, a surface acoustic wave resonator 13 and a variable capacitance diode 15 are connected in series to a base electrode 12a of a transistor 12 of a transistor type Colpitts oscillator circuit 11. This is an improvement of the temperature compensation oscillator 10 configured to apply a voltage to the variable capacitance diode 15 via the temperature compensation circuit 20. The characteristic structure is that the surface acoustic wave resonator 1
A first thermistor circuit 2 in which the piezoelectric medium 3 is composed of a lithium tetraborate single crystal, and the temperature compensation circuit 20 has a first resistor 21b connected in parallel to the first NTC thermistor 21a.
1, the second thermistor circuit 22 connected in series to the first thermistor circuit 21 and the second NTC thermistor 22a connected in series to the second resistor 22b, and divided by the first thermistor circuit 21 and the second thermistor circuit 22. And a differential amplifier 23 for amplifying the DC voltage V 1 and applying it to the variable capacitance diode 15.
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】圧電媒質が四ほう酸リチウム単結晶により構成
された弾性表面波共振子１３を用いた発振器１０では、
発振周波数を変えるために大きなリアクタンスの変化が
必要となる。このとき発振器１０の温度補償に必要な電
圧の変化は、図３に示すように大きいことが要求され
る。本発明の温度補償回路２０では、ＮＴＣサーミスタ
２１ａ，２２ａをそれぞれ含む回路２１及び回路２２に
より、これらの回路２１ａ，２２ａで分圧された直流電
圧Ｖ1をある温度で最小となる二次の温度特性を具備さ
せるようにし、更にこの直流電圧Ｖ1を差動増幅器２３
により図３に示す電圧Ｖ0に実質的になるように増幅し
て可変容量ダイオード１５に印加する。これにより発振
器１０が図２の実線に示すように広い温度範囲にわたっ
て適切に温度補償する。In the oscillator 10 using the surface acoustic wave resonator 13 in which the piezoelectric medium is made of lithium tetraborate single crystal,
A large change in reactance is required to change the oscillation frequency. At this time, the voltage change required for temperature compensation of the oscillator 10 is required to be large as shown in FIG. In the temperature compensating circuit 20 of the present invention, the DC voltage V 1 divided by these circuits 21a and 22a is minimized by the circuit 21 and the circuit 22 including the NTC thermistors 21a and 22a, respectively. The DC voltage V 1 is provided to the differential amplifier 23.
Thus, the voltage is amplified to substantially the voltage V 0 shown in FIG. 3 and applied to the variable capacitance diode 15. As a result, the oscillator 10 appropriately performs temperature compensation over a wide temperature range as shown by the solid line in FIG.
【０００６】[0006]
【実施例】次に、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて詳し
く説明する。図１に示すように、発振器１０はトランジ
スタ方式のコルピッツ発振回路１１により構成される。
この発振回路１１のトランジスタ１２のベース電極１２
ａには弾性表面波共振子（以下、単にＳＡＷＲという）
１３とコンデンサ１４と可変容量ダイオード１５とが直
列に接続される。ＳＡＷＲ１３の圧電媒質は四ほう酸リ
チウム（ＬＢＯ）単結晶により構成される。１６は発振
器１０の出力端子である。コンデンサ１４と可変容量ダ
イオード１５との接続点Ｂには、温度補償回路２０の出
力が接続される。Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the oscillator 10 is composed of a transistor-type Colpitts oscillator circuit 11.
The base electrode 12 of the transistor 12 of the oscillator circuit 11
a is a surface acoustic wave resonator (hereinafter simply referred to as SAWR).
13, the capacitor 14, and the variable capacitance diode 15 are connected in series. The piezoelectric medium of the SAWR 13 is made of lithium tetraborate (LBO) single crystal. Reference numeral 16 is an output terminal of the oscillator 10. The output of the temperature compensation circuit 20 is connected to a connection point B between the capacitor 14 and the variable capacitance diode 15.
【０００７】この温度補償回路２０は第１サーミスタ回
路２１と、この回路２１に直列に接続された第２サーミ
スタ回路２２と、回路２１と回路２２により分圧された
直流電圧Ｖ1を増幅する差動増幅器２３とを備える。第
１サーミスタ回路２１は第１ＮＴＣサーミスタ２１ａに
並列に第１抵抗２１ｂを接続して構成され、第２サーミ
スタ回路２２は第２抵抗２２ｂに直列に第２ＮＴＣサー
ミスタ２２ａを接続して構成される。これらのＮＴＣサ
ーミスタ２１ａ及び２２ａの抵抗変化率、即ちＢ定数は
それぞれ約５０００である。回路２１と回路２２の接続
点Ｃは抵抗２４を介して差動増幅器２３の非反転入力に
接続される。この非反転入力には更に抵抗２５が接続さ
れる。また差動増幅器１７の反転入力には抵抗２６、抵
抗２７及び基準電圧２８からなる帰還回路が接続され
る。差動増幅器２３の出力、即ち温度補償回路２０の出
力は抵抗２９を介して前記接続点Ｂに接続される。The temperature compensating circuit 20 includes a first thermistor circuit 21, a second thermistor circuit 22 connected in series to the circuit 21, and a difference for amplifying the DC voltage V 1 divided by the circuit 21 and the circuit 22. And a dynamic amplifier 23. The first thermistor circuit 21 is configured by connecting a first resistor 21b in parallel with the first NTC thermistor 21a, and the second thermistor circuit 22 is configured by connecting a second NTC thermistor 22a in series with the second resistor 22b. The rate of change in resistance of each of the NTC thermistors 21a and 22a, that is, the B constant is about 5000. The connection point C between the circuit 21 and the circuit 22 is connected to the non-inverting input of the differential amplifier 23 via the resistor 24. A resistor 25 is further connected to this non-inverting input. A feedback circuit including a resistor 26, a resistor 27, and a reference voltage 28 is connected to the inverting input of the differential amplifier 17. The output of the differential amplifier 23, that is, the output of the temperature compensation circuit 20 is connected to the connection point B via the resistor 29.
【０００８】このような構成の発振器１０では、ＮＴＣ
サーミスタ２１ａ，２２ａを含む回路２１と回路２２と
により分圧された直流電圧Ｖ1は、２つのＮＴＣサーミ
スタ２１ａ，２２ａを組み合わせることによりある温度
で最小となる二次の温度特性を有するようになる。しか
しＮＴＣサーミスタ２１ａ，２２ａのＢ定数はそれぞれ
５０００程度で抵抗変化率が高くないため、直流電圧Ｖ
1は温度に対して図４に示すように３０〜４０℃付近で
極めて僅かに小さくなる程度で、変化が小さい。In the oscillator 10 having such a configuration, the NTC
The DC voltage V 1 divided by the circuit 21 and the circuit 22 including the thermistors 21a and 22a has a secondary temperature characteristic which becomes minimum at a certain temperature by combining the two NTC thermistors 21a and 22a. . However, since the B constants of the NTC thermistors 21a and 22a are each about 5000 and the rate of resistance change is not high, the DC voltage V
As shown in FIG. 4, 1 is extremely small in the vicinity of 30 to 40 ° C. with respect to the temperature, and the change is small.
【０００９】差動増幅器２３はこの温度による電圧変化
の小さい直流電圧Ｖ1を、図３に示すような顕著な二次
の温度特性を有する電圧Ｖ0に増幅する。即ち、差動増
幅器２３の基準電圧をＶfとし、抵抗２６の抵抗値をＲ
26とし、抵抗２７の抵抗値をＲ27とすると、この差動増
幅器２３で負帰還をかけると、次式（１）に示すよう
に、 Ｖ0 ＝（Ｒ26／Ｒ27）×（Ｖ1−Ｖf） ……（１） になり、電圧Ｖ0は増幅される。この例ではＶfは３ボル
トである。この増幅された電圧Ｖ0は可変容量ダイオー
ド１５に印加される。これにより発振器１０は図２の実
線に示すように広い温度範囲にわたって適切に温度補償
される。The differential amplifier 23 amplifies the DC voltage V 1 having a small voltage change due to temperature to a voltage V 0 having a remarkable secondary temperature characteristic as shown in FIG. That is, the reference voltage of the differential amplifier 23 is V f, and the resistance value of the resistor 26 is R
26 and the resistance value of the resistor 27 is R 27 , when negative feedback is applied by the differential amplifier 23, as shown in the following equation (1), V 0 = (R 26 / R 27 ) × (V 1 -V f ) ... (1) and the voltage V 0 is amplified. In this example V f is 3 volts. The amplified voltage V 0 is applied to the variable capacitance diode 15. Thereby, the oscillator 10 is appropriately temperature-compensated over a wide temperature range as shown by the solid line in FIG.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように、本発明によれば、圧
電媒質が四ほう酸リチウム単結晶により構成される弾性
表面波共振子であるときに、２つのＮＴＣサーミスタを
組み合わせることにより、その出力電圧にある温度で最
小となる二次の温度特性を具備させ、差動増幅器でその
出力電圧を増幅するように構成したので、弾性表面波共
振子の特性である常温付近にピークを持つ二次の温度特
性を適切に補償し、温度変化による発振周波数の変動が
少ない優れた発振器が得られる。特に本発明の温度補償
形発振器は、安価なＮＴＣサーミスタを使用した比較的
簡単な温度補償回路を付加するだけで実現できるので、
小型で低コスト化をはかることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, when the piezoelectric medium is a surface acoustic wave resonator composed of lithium tetraborate single crystal, by combining two NTC thermistors, its output Since the output voltage is amplified by a differential amplifier by providing a secondary temperature characteristic that minimizes the voltage at a certain temperature, the secondary characteristic having a peak near room temperature, which is the characteristic of a surface acoustic wave resonator, is used. It is possible to obtain an excellent oscillator that appropriately compensates the temperature characteristic of and has little fluctuation of the oscillation frequency due to the temperature change. In particular, the temperature-compensated oscillator of the present invention can be realized by simply adding a relatively simple temperature-compensation circuit using an inexpensive NTC thermistor.
It is small and can be made at low cost.
【図１】本発明の温度補償形発振器の回路構成図。FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of a temperature compensation oscillator of the present invention.
【図２】その発振器の温度補償前後の特性図。FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram of the oscillator before and after temperature compensation.
【図３】その可変容量ダイオードに印加される温度補償
回路の出力電圧の温度特性図。FIG. 3 is a temperature characteristic diagram of an output voltage of a temperature compensation circuit applied to the variable capacitance diode.
【図４】２つのサーミスタ回路により分圧された直流電
圧Ｖ1の温度特性図。FIG. 4 is a temperature characteristic diagram of a DC voltage V 1 divided by two thermistor circuits.
【図５】従来例の温度補償形発振器の回路構成図。FIG. 5 is a circuit configuration diagram of a conventional temperature-compensated oscillator.
【図６】単一のサーミスタの温度特性図。FIG. 6 is a temperature characteristic diagram of a single thermistor.
【図７】図５に示す温度補償回路により温度補償された
発振器の特性。7 is a characteristic of the oscillator temperature-compensated by the temperature compensation circuit shown in FIG.
１０ 温度補償形発振器 １１ コルピッツ発振回路 １２ トランジスタ １２ａ ベース電極 １３ 弾性表面波共振子 １５ 可変容量ダイオード ２０ 温度補償回路 ２１ 第１サーミスタ回路 ２１ａ 第１ＮＴＣサーミスタ ２１ｂ 第１抵抗 ２２ 第２サーミスタ回路 ２２ａ 第２ＮＴＣサーミスタ ２２ｂ 第２抵抗 ２３ 差動増幅器 10 Temperature Compensated Oscillator 11 Colpitts Oscillation Circuit 12 Transistor 12a Base Electrode 13 Surface Acoustic Wave Resonator 15 Variable Capacitance Diode 20 Temperature Compensation Circuit 21 First Thermistor Circuit 21a First NTC Thermistor 21b First Resistor 22 Second Thermistor Circuit 22a Second NTC Thermistor 22b second resistor 23 differential amplifier
Claims (1)
(11)のトランジスタ(12)のベース電極(12a)に弾性表面
波共振子(13)と可変容量ダイオード(15)が直列に接続さ
れ、前記可変容量ダイオード(15)に温度補償回路(20)を
介して電圧を印加するように構成された温度補償形発振
器(10)において、 前記弾性表面波共振子(13)はその圧電媒質が四ほう酸リ
チウム単結晶により構成され、 前記温度補償回路(20)は第１ＮＴＣサーミスタ(21a)に
並列に第１抵抗(21b)を接続した第１サーミスタ回路(2
1)と、前記第１サーミスタ回路(21)に直列に接続され第
２抵抗(22b)に直列に第２ＮＴＣサーミスタ(22a)を接続
した第２サーミスタ回路(22)と、前記第１サーミスタ回
路(21)と前記第２サーミスタ回路(22)により分圧された
直流電圧(V1)を増幅して前記可変容量ダイオード(15)に
印加する差動増幅器(23)とを備えたことを特徴とする温
度補償形発振器。1. A transistor type Colpitts oscillator circuit.
A surface acoustic wave resonator (13) and a variable capacitance diode (15) are connected in series to the base electrode (12a) of the transistor (12) of (11), and the temperature compensation circuit (20) is connected to the variable capacitance diode (15). In the temperature-compensated oscillator (10) configured to apply a voltage via, the surface acoustic wave resonator (13) has a piezoelectric medium composed of lithium tetraborate single crystal, and the temperature compensation circuit (20 ) Is the first thermistor circuit (2) in which the first resistor (21b) is connected in parallel to the first NTC thermistor (21a).
1), a second thermistor circuit (22) in which the second NTC thermistor (22a) is connected in series to the first thermistor circuit (21) and in series to the second resistor (22b), and the first thermistor circuit ( 21) and a differential amplifier (23) for amplifying the DC voltage (V 1 ) divided by the second thermistor circuit (22) and applying it to the variable capacitance diode (15). Temperature compensated oscillator.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2235694A JPH07231221A (en) | 1994-02-21 | 1994-02-21 | Temperature compensation oscillator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2235694A JPH07231221A (en) | 1994-02-21 | 1994-02-21 | Temperature compensation oscillator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07231221A true JPH07231221A (en) | 1995-08-29 |
Family
ID=12080370
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2235694A Withdrawn JPH07231221A (en) | 1994-02-21 | 1994-02-21 | Temperature compensation oscillator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07231221A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009224865A (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2009-10-01 | Seiko Npc Corp | Voltage controlled surface acoustic wave oscillator |
| CN113134155A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-20 | 武汉光燚激光科技有限公司 | Skin therapeutic instrument by transdermal diffusion |
-
1994
- 1994-02-21 JP JP2235694A patent/JPH07231221A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009224865A (en) * | 2008-03-13 | 2009-10-01 | Seiko Npc Corp | Voltage controlled surface acoustic wave oscillator |
| CN113134155A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-20 | 武汉光燚激光科技有限公司 | Skin therapeutic instrument by transdermal diffusion |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A300 | Withdrawal of application because of no request for examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A300 Effective date: 20010508 |