JPH07228949A - Austenitic heat resistant cast steel, excellent in castability and machinability, and exhaust system parts made of the same - Google Patents

Austenitic heat resistant cast steel, excellent in castability and machinability, and exhaust system parts made of the same

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Publication number
JPH07228949A
JPH07228949A JP1942194A JP1942194A JPH07228949A JP H07228949 A JPH07228949 A JP H07228949A JP 1942194 A JP1942194 A JP 1942194A JP 1942194 A JP1942194 A JP 1942194A JP H07228949 A JPH07228949 A JP H07228949A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
cast steel
resistant cast
exhaust system
machinability
castability
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP1942194A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3417636B2 (en
Inventor
Rikizo Watanabe
力蔵 渡辺
Norio Takahashi
紀雄 高橋
Hirofumi Kimura
浩文 木村
Toshio Fujita
利夫 藤田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Proterial Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Metals Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Metals Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Metals Ltd
Priority to JP01942194A priority Critical patent/JP3417636B2/en
Priority to US08/350,145 priority patent/US5501835A/en
Priority to DE69430840T priority patent/DE69430840T2/en
Priority to EP94118788A priority patent/EP0668367B1/en
Publication of JPH07228949A publication Critical patent/JPH07228949A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3417636B2 publication Critical patent/JP3417636B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an austenitic heat resistant cast steel, excellent in strength at a high temp. and machinability, and automobile exhaust system parts, such as the exhaust manifold and the turbine housing, made of this cast steel. CONSTITUTION:This austenitic heat resistant cast steel has a composition consisting of, by weight, 0.2-1.0% C, <=2% Si, <=2% Mn, 8-20% Ni, 15-30% Cr, >1-6% Nb, 1-6% W, 0.01-0.3% N, and the balance Fe with inevitable impurities and satisfying C-Nb/8=0.05 to 0.6%. This austenitic heat resistant cast steel is used for automobile exhaust system parts. By this method, the autstenitic heat resistant cast steel, excellent in strength in the high temp. region, hardly causing deformation, and causing no deterioration in ductility at a room temp. even if subjected to a repeated heat cycle of heating up to >900 deg.C in particular and cooling down to the room temp., can be obtained. This cast steel can be inexpensively produced because of its excellent castability and workability.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、自動車エンジンの排気
系部品等に適する耐熱鋳鋼に関し、特に900℃以上の
高温度での強度の優れたオーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼およ
びそれからなる排気系部品に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat-resistant cast steel suitable for an exhaust system component of an automobile engine and the like, and more particularly to an austenitic heat-resistant cast steel excellent in strength at a high temperature of 900 ° C. or higher and an exhaust system component comprising the same.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】従来の耐熱鋳鉄、耐熱鋳鋼としては、例
えば表1に従来材として示すような組成のものがある。
自動車のエキゾーストマニホールドやタービンハウジン
グ等の排気系部品等においては、使用条件が高温過酷と
なることから、表1に示すようなニレジスト鋳鉄(Ni
−Cr−Cu系オーステナイト鋳鉄)等の耐熱鋳鉄や、
フェライト系耐熱鋳鋼などが採用されていた。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventional heat-resistant cast iron and heat-resistant cast steel have, for example, compositions shown in Table 1 as conventional materials.
Since the operating conditions of automobile exhaust manifolds, turbine housings, and other exhaust system parts are severe at high temperatures, Niresist cast iron (Ni
-Cr-Cu-based austenitic cast iron) and other heat-resistant cast iron,
Ferritic heat-resistant cast steel was used.

【0003】オーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼として、特開昭
61ー87852号公報には、C,Si,Mn,N,N
i,Cr,V,Nb,Ti,B,WおよびFeからなる
組成を特定し、クリープ強度と耐力を向上する開示があ
る。また、特開昭61ー177352号公報には、C,
Si,Mn,Cr,Ni,Al,Ti,B,Nbおよび
Feからなる組成を限定し、酸素含有量および清浄度を
特定して、高温特性とともに室温特性をに改善する開示
がある。更に、特公昭57ー8183号公報には、Fe
−Ni−Crオーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼の炭素量を増加
させるとともに、Nb,Coを添加して、高温耐酸化性
を低下させずに、高温強度を向上する開示がある。更
に、特開平5−5161号公報には、Fe−Ni−Cr
オーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼にNb,W,Mo,B,Co
を添加して、高温強度を飛躍的に向上する開示がある。
As an austenitic heat-resistant cast steel, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-87852 discloses C, Si, Mn, N, N.
There is a disclosure in which a composition consisting of i, Cr, V, Nb, Ti, B, W and Fe is specified to improve creep strength and proof stress. Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-177352 discloses C,
It is disclosed that the composition of Si, Mn, Cr, Ni, Al, Ti, B, Nb and Fe is limited, the oxygen content and cleanliness are specified, and the room temperature characteristics as well as the high temperature characteristics are improved. Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-8183 discloses that Fe
There is a disclosure that the carbon content of a —Ni—Cr austenitic heat-resistant cast steel is increased and Nb and Co are added to improve the high temperature strength without lowering the high temperature oxidation resistance. Further, in JP-A-5-5161, there is disclosed Fe-Ni-Cr.
Nb, W, Mo, B, Co for heat-resistant austenitic cast steel
There is a disclosure that the high temperature strength is dramatically improved by adding.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記、従来の耐熱鋳
鉄、耐熱鋳鋼のうち、ニレジスト鋳鉄は、900℃まで
は高温強度は比較的良好であるが、それ以上の温度では
耐久性が劣る。また、このニレジスト鋳鉄は、Ni含有
量が多く高価であるという問題点がある。その他にフェ
ライト系耐熱鋳鋼があるが、通常のフェライト系耐熱鋳
鋼は、900℃以上の高温強度が絶対的に劣るという問
題点がある。
Among the above-mentioned conventional heat-resistant cast iron and heat-resistant cast steel, Ni-resist cast iron has relatively good high-temperature strength up to 900 ° C., but is inferior in durability at higher temperatures. Further, this Ni-resist cast iron has a problem that it has a high Ni content and is expensive. In addition, there are ferritic heat-resistant cast steels, but ordinary ferritic heat-resistant cast steels have a problem that their high-temperature strength at 900 ° C. or higher is absolutely inferior.

【0005】また、上記特開昭61−87852号公報
のものは、C量が0.15重量%以下と低いことによ
り、900℃以上での高温強度が不足し、またTiを
0.002〜0.5重量%含有するため、大気溶解では
有害な非金属介在物の生成を招く恐れがある。
Further, in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-87852, since the C content is as low as 0.15% by weight or less, the high temperature strength at 900 ° C. or more is insufficient, and the Ti content is 0.002 to 0.002. Since it is contained in an amount of 0.5% by weight, there is a possibility that harmful non-metallic inclusions may be produced by melting in air.

【0006】また、上記特開昭61−177352号公
報のものは、Niを多量に含有するため、高温でイオウ
(S)雰囲気が存在すると、損傷を受ける虞れがある。
Further, since the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-177352 contains a large amount of Ni, it may be damaged if a sulfur (S) atmosphere is present at a high temperature.

【0007】また、特公昭57−8183号公報のもの
は、高炭素(C)のため、高温で長時間の使用中に脆化
する虞れがある。
[0007] Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-8183 has a high carbon (C) content, so that there is a risk of embrittlement during long-term use at high temperature.

【0008】また、特開平5−5161号公報のもの
は、高温に曝される排気系部品に適するものの、オース
テナイト系耐熱鋳鋼特有の鋳造性および被削性に問題が
ある。
Further, the one disclosed in JP-A-5-5161 is suitable for exhaust system parts exposed to high temperatures, but has a problem in castability and machinability peculiar to austenitic heat-resistant cast steel.

【0009】従って、本発明は、上記従来の耐熱鋳鉄、
耐熱鋳鋼の問題点を解決し、より鋳造性および被削性に
優れ、かつ安価に製造可能な耐熱鋳鋼を提供することを
目的とする。
Therefore, the present invention is directed to the above-mentioned conventional heat-resistant cast iron,
An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of heat-resistant cast steel, to provide heat-resistant cast steel that is more excellent in castability and machinability and can be manufactured at low cost.

【0010】本発明のもう一つの目的は、かかる耐熱鋳
鋼からなる排気系部品を提供することである。
Another object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust system component made of such heat-resistant cast steel.

【0011】[0011]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的に鑑み鋭意研究
の結果、本発明者らは、Ni−Cr基オーステナイト系
耐熱鋳鋼に、Nb、WおよびNを適量添加することによ
り、高温強度はもとより鋳造性および被削性を向上する
ことができることを見い出し、本発明に想到した。
As a result of earnest research in view of the above-mentioned object, the inventors of the present invention added not only Nb, W and N in an appropriate amount to Ni-Cr austenitic heat-resistant cast steel, but also improved high temperature strength. The inventors have found that the castability and machinability can be improved, and have conceived the present invention.

【0012】すなわち、本第1の発明の鋳造性および被
削性の優れたオーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼は、重量比率
で、C : 0.2 〜 1.0%,C−Nb/8:
0.05 〜 0.6%,Si: 2
%以下,Mn: 2 %以下,N
i: 8 〜20 %,Cr:15 〜
30 %,Nb: 1 を越え 6 %以下,W
: 1 〜 6 %,N : 0.01 〜
0.3%,残部:Feおよび不可避不純物からなるこ
とを特徴とする。
That is, the austenitic heat-resistant cast steel of the first aspect of the present invention, which has excellent castability and machinability, has a weight ratio of C: 0.2 to 1.0%, C-Nb / 8:
0.05-0.6%, Si: 2
% Or less, Mn: 2% or less, N
i: 8-20%, Cr: 15-
30%, Nb: more than 1 and less than 6%, W
: 1 to 6%, N: 0.01 to
0.3%, balance: Fe and inevitable impurities.

【0013】次に、本第2の発明の排気系部品は、上記
第1の発明に記載の鋳造性および被削性の優れたオース
テナイト系耐熱鋳鋼からなる。そして、この排気系部品
としては、エキゾーストマニホールドまたはタービンハ
ウジングである。
Next, the exhaust system component of the second aspect of the invention is made of the austenitic heat-resistant cast steel excellent in the castability and machinability described in the first aspect of the invention. The exhaust system component is an exhaust manifold or a turbine housing.

【0014】[0014]

【作用】以下、本発明の鋳造性および被削性の優れたオ
ーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼の各合金元素の組成範囲の限定
理由について詳細に説明する。
The reason for limiting the composition range of each alloy element of the austenitic heat-resistant cast steel excellent in castability and machinability of the present invention will be described in detail below.

【0015】(1)C(炭素):0.2〜1.0% Cは溶湯の流動性、即ち鋳造性を良くする作用があり、
また一部基地に固溶して、固溶強化する作用がある。一
方、一次および二次炭化物を形成し、高温強度を高める
作用もある。更に、Nbと共晶炭化物を形成し、鋳造性
を高める作用がある。このような作用を有効に発揮する
ために、Cは0.2%以上必要である。
(1) C (carbon): 0.2 to 1.0% C has the function of improving the fluidity of the molten metal, that is, the castability,
Further, it has a function of forming a solid solution in a part of the base to strengthen the solid solution. On the other hand, it also has an action of forming primary and secondary carbides and enhancing high temperature strength. Further, it has a function of forming a eutectic carbide with Nb and enhancing castability. In order to effectively exert such an effect, C is required to be 0.2% or more.

【0016】しかし、Cの含有量が1.0%を越えると
共晶炭化物をはじめ、各種の炭化物の析出量が多くなり
過ぎて脆化し延性が低下すると共に加工性が劣化する。
このため、Cは0.2〜1.0%とする。望ましくは、
Cは0.2〜0.6%である。
However, if the content of C exceeds 1.0%, the precipitation amount of various carbides including eutectic carbides becomes too large, resulting in embrittlement, lowering of ductility and deterioration of workability.
Therefore, C is 0.2 to 1.0%. Desirably,
C is 0.2 to 0.6%.

【0017】(2)C−Nb/8:0.05〜0.6% 本発明の鋳造性および被削性の優れたオーステナイト系
耐熱鋳鋼は、Nbの共晶炭化物を生成させて鋳造性を高
めると共に、適当量の炭化物を析出させ、高強度を得て
いる。共晶炭化物(NbC)は、重量比率でCとCの8
倍のNbとで形成されるが、共晶炭化物(NbC)のほ
かに析出炭化物を適当量得るには、共晶炭化物生成に消
費されるC以上のCが必要となる。即ち、本発明におい
て鋳造性が優れ、高温強度の優れるオーステナイト系耐
熱鋳鋼を得るためには、C−Nb/8が0.05%以上
必要である。しかし、C−Nb/8が0.6%を越える
と硬く脆くなり、延性と加工性が劣化するので、0.0
5〜0.6%とする。特に、薄肉鋳物では、鋳造性に及
ぼす共晶炭化物の量が重要であり、望ましくは0.07
〜0.3%である。
(2) C-Nb / 8: 0.05 to 0.6% The austenitic heat-resistant cast steel of the present invention, which has excellent castability and machinability, produces castability by forming eutectic carbide of Nb. While increasing the strength, a suitable amount of carbide is deposited to obtain high strength. Eutectic carbide (NbC) is a weight ratio of C and C 8
It is formed with double the amount of Nb, but in order to obtain an appropriate amount of precipitated carbide in addition to eutectic carbide (NbC), it is necessary to use C or more C which is consumed in the formation of eutectic carbide. That is, in the present invention, C-Nb / 8 is required to be 0.05% or more in order to obtain an austenitic heat-resistant cast steel having excellent castability and high-temperature strength. However, if C-Nb / 8 exceeds 0.6%, it becomes hard and brittle, and ductility and workability deteriorate, so 0.0
5 to 0.6%. In particular, in thin-walled castings, the amount of eutectic carbide that affects the castability is important, and it is preferably 0.07
~ 0.3%.

【0018】(3)Si(ケイ素):2%以下 Siは、溶湯の脱酸剤としての役割を有するほか、耐酸
化性の改善に有効な元素である。しかし、過剰に加える
とオーステナイト組織が不安定になり、鋳造性の劣化を
招くので、Siの含有量は2%以下とする。望ましくは
0.3〜1.5%である。
(3) Si (silicon): 2% or less Si serves as a deoxidizing agent for the molten metal, and is an element effective for improving the oxidation resistance. However, if added excessively, the austenite structure becomes unstable and the castability is deteriorated, so the Si content is made 2% or less. It is preferably 0.3 to 1.5%.

【0019】(4)Mn(マンガン):2%以下 Mnは、Siと同様に溶湯の脱酸剤として有効である
が、あまり多く加えると耐酸化性が劣化するので、2%
以下とする。望ましくは0.3〜1.5%である。
(4) Mn (manganese): 2% or less Mn is effective as a deoxidizer for the molten metal like Si, but if too much is added, the oxidation resistance deteriorates, so 2%.
Below. It is preferably 0.3 to 1.5%.

【0020】(5)Ni(ニッケル):8〜20% Niは、後記のCrとともに本発明の耐熱鋳鋼をオース
テナイト組織とし、その組織を安定にして鋳造性を高め
るのに有効な元素である。特に、900℃以上の高温域
において良好な鋳造性を有するためには、8%以上の添
加が必要である。Niの増加とともに上記特性は向上す
るが、20%を越えても効果は飽和し、経済的にも不利
である。そのためNi含有量は8〜20%とする。望ま
しくは8〜15%である。
(5) Ni (nickel): 8 to 20% Ni is an element effective for stabilizing the structure of the heat-resistant cast steel of the present invention and austenite structure and enhancing castability together with Cr described later. In particular, in order to have good castability in a high temperature range of 900 ° C. or higher, 8% or more must be added. The above characteristics improve with an increase in Ni, but even if it exceeds 20%, the effect is saturated, which is economically disadvantageous. Therefore, the Ni content is 8 to 20%. It is preferably 8 to 15%.

【0021】(6)Cr(クロム):15〜30% Crは、上記Niと共存し、鋳鋼組織をオーステナイト
化して、高温強度や耐酸化性を高めるほか、炭化物を形
成し高温強度を高めるのに有効な元素である。特に、9
00℃の高温域でこれらの効果を有効なものにするため
には、15%以上の添加が必要である。しかし、添加量
が30%を越えると、過剰に二次炭化物が析出するこ
と、更にはσ相などの脆い析出物などが析出し、脆化が
著しくなる。そのためCr含有量を15〜30%とす
る。望ましくは17〜25%である。
(6) Cr (chromium): 15 to 30% Cr coexists with Ni to austenite the cast steel structure to enhance high temperature strength and oxidation resistance, and also to form carbides to enhance high temperature strength. Is an effective element. Especially, 9
In order to make these effects effective in the high temperature range of 00 ° C., it is necessary to add 15% or more. However, if the amount added exceeds 30%, secondary carbides are excessively precipitated, and brittle precipitates such as σ phase are precipitated, resulting in significant embrittlement. Therefore, the Cr content is set to 15 to 30%. It is preferably 17 to 25%.

【0022】(7)Nb(ニオブ):1%を越え6%以
下 Nbは、Cと結合して微細な炭化物を形成し、高温での
引張強さ並びに耐熱疲労性を増大させる。また、Crの
炭化物の生成を抑制することによって耐酸化性と被削性
を向上させる。更に、共晶炭化物を生成するため、排気
系部品のような薄肉複雑形状鋳物製造に重要な鋳造性を
向上させる。このような目的でNbの含有量は1%を越
えて必要とする。しかし、多量に添加すると、結晶粒界
に生成する共晶炭化物が多くなって脆化し強度と延性が
著しく低下するため、Nbの含有量は6%以下とする。
望ましくは1%を越え4%以下である。
(7) Nb (niobium): more than 1% and less than 6% Nb combines with C to form fine carbides, which increases the tensile strength at high temperatures and the thermal fatigue resistance. Further, by suppressing the generation of the carbide of Cr, the oxidation resistance and the machinability are improved. Furthermore, since eutectic carbide is generated, it improves the castability which is important for the production of thin-walled complex shape castings such as exhaust system parts. For this purpose, the Nb content needs to exceed 1%. However, if a large amount is added, the amount of eutectic carbide generated at the crystal grain boundaries is increased and embrittlement is caused, resulting in a marked decrease in strength and ductility.
It is preferably more than 1% and 4% or less.

【0023】(8)W(タングステン):1〜6% Wは高温強度を改善する。この効果を得るためには1%
以上の添加が必要である。しかし、多量に添加すると耐
酸化性が劣化するので6%が上限である。そのためWの
含有量は1〜6%とする。望ましくは2〜4%である。
なお、Wとほぼ同様の効果はMoを添加しても得られる
ので、Wの一部または全量をMoに置換することも可能
である。この場合、重量比率でW=2Moの割合でWを
Moに置換するものとする。
(8) W (tungsten): 1 to 6% W improves high temperature strength. 1% to get this effect
The above additions are necessary. However, if added in a large amount, the oxidation resistance deteriorates, so 6% is the upper limit. Therefore, the W content is set to 1 to 6%. It is preferably 2 to 4%.
Since an effect similar to that of W can be obtained by adding Mo, it is also possible to replace a part or the whole amount of W with Mo. In this case, W is replaced with Mo at a weight ratio of W = 2Mo.

【0024】(9)N(窒素):0.01〜0.3% Nは強力なオーステナイト生成元素であり、オーステナ
イト基地を安定にする。また、結晶粒微細化に有効な元
素であり、本発明のような鍛造・圧延などの加工による
結晶粒微細化が不可能な鋳造部材では極めて有効であ
る。この結晶粒微細化により構造物として重要な材料の
延性の確保が可能になり、また、本系耐熱鋳鋼のような
オーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼に特有な被削性が悪いという
欠点を改善できる。
(9) N (nitrogen): 0.01 to 0.3% N is a strong austenite forming element and stabilizes the austenite matrix. Further, it is an element effective for refining the crystal grains, and is extremely effective for a cast member in which the refining of the crystal grains by processing such as forging and rolling is impossible as in the present invention. This refinement of crystal grains makes it possible to secure the ductility of a material important as a structure, and it is possible to improve the disadvantage of poor machinability peculiar to austenitic heat-resistant cast steel such as the present heat-resistant cast steel.

【0025】また、NはCの拡散速度を遅らせ析出炭化
物の凝集を遅らせるので、脆化に対して有効である。こ
の効果を得るためには、0.01%以上の添加が必要で
ある。しかし、多量に添加すると、Cr2N-Cr236
の粒界析出を生じ、脆化を促進する一方、有効なCr量
が減少し耐酸化性を劣化させるので、0.3%を上限と
する。特に延性、被削性改善の点から、望ましくは、
0.03〜0.2%である。
N is effective for embrittlement because it slows the diffusion rate of C and delays the agglomeration of precipitated carbides. To obtain this effect, addition of 0.01% or more is necessary. However, if added in a large amount, Cr 2 N-Cr 23 C 6
Since grain boundary precipitation occurs to promote embrittlement, the effective Cr amount decreases and the oxidation resistance deteriorates, so the upper limit is 0.3%. Especially from the viewpoint of improving ductility and machinability,
It is 0.03 to 0.2%.

【0026】このような本発明の鋳造性および被削性の
優れたオーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼は、特に自動車の排気
系部品として、エンジンに取り付けられるエキゾースト
マニホールドやタービンハウジングとして薄肉に鋳造し
て用い、加熱冷却のサイクルを受けても変形が僅かであ
り、優れた耐久性を有する。
The austenitic heat-resistant cast steel of the present invention which is excellent in castability and machinability is used as an exhaust system part for automobiles, particularly as an exhaust manifold or a turbine housing attached to an engine, after being thinly cast and used. Even if it undergoes a cooling cycle, it is slightly deformed and has excellent durability.

【0027】[0027]

【実施例】以下、本発明を実施例により説明する。実施例1〜10、従来例11〜14 表1に示す種類の組成の耐熱材料について、JIS規格
Y形B号供試材を作製した。なお、鋳造にあたっては、
100kg用高周波炉を用いて大気溶解し、直ちに15
50℃以上で出湯して1500℃以上で注湯した。
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. Examples 1 to 10 and Conventional Examples 11 to 14 Regarding the heat-resistant materials having the compositions shown in Table 1, JIS standard Y type B test materials were produced. When casting,
Immediately dissolve in air using a 100 kg high-frequency furnace and immediately
Hot water was poured out at 50 ° C or higher and poured at 1500 ° C or higher.

【0028】本発明材(実施例1〜10)のオーステナ
イト系耐熱鋳鋼については、鋳造時の湯流れが良く、鋳
造欠陥の発生が見られなかった。次に、鋳造した本発明
材(実施例1〜10)、および従来例11、12、13
および14の供試材(Yブロック)を加熱炉にて100
0℃で2時間保持後空冷する熱処理を行った。
Regarding the austenitic heat-resistant cast steels of the present invention materials (Examples 1 to 10), the molten metal flow during casting was good, and no casting defects were found. Next, the cast material of the present invention (Examples 1 to 10) and conventional examples 11, 12, and 13
And 14 test materials (Y block) in a heating furnace for 100
A heat treatment of holding at 0 ° C. for 2 hours and then air cooling was performed.

【0029】なお、表1において、従来材(従来例11
〜14)は自動車のターボチャージャー用ハウジングや
エキゾーストマニホールド等の耐熱部品に使用されてい
るもので、従来例11および12の供試材は、それぞれ
ニレジスト鋳鉄D2およびD5Sである。また、従来例
13は汎用オーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼で,JIS規格S
CH−12である。また、従来例14は特開平5−51
61号公報に開示されるオーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼であ
る。
In Table 1, conventional materials (conventional example 11
14 to 14) are used for heat-resistant parts such as automobile turbocharger housings and exhaust manifolds, and the test materials of Conventional Examples 11 and 12 are Niresist cast irons D2 and D5S, respectively. Further, Conventional Example 13 is a general-purpose austenitic heat-resistant cast steel, and has JIS standard S
It is CH-12. Further, the conventional example 14 is disclosed in JP-A-5-51.
It is an austenitic heat resistant cast steel disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 61.

【0030】[0030]

【表1】 化学成分(重量%) 実施例 C Si M n Ni Cr W Nb N C-N b/8 No.1 0.22 0.75 0.75 8.21 16.88 1.21 1.20 0.03 0.07 2 0.41 0.58 0.98 10.10 20.02 3.01 2.02 0.09 0.16 3 0.52 0.63 0.82 19.55 29.72 5.95 2.66 0.18 0.19 4 0.41 0.52 0.88 10.15 20.05 3.05 1.88 0.09 0.16 5 0.56 0.82 1.05 10.65 21.25 3.38 3.95 0.06 0.06 6 0.49 1.01 0.75 10.33 20.54 3.15 2.11 0.27 0.23 7 0.72 0.95 0.66 10.51 20.23 2.88 1.12 0.18 0.58 8 0.94 1.01 0.75 10.31 19.92 3.11 5.66 0.09 0.23 9 0.62 0.85 0.48 9.65 20.85 3.25 1.68 0.10 0.41 10 0.47 0.92 0.66 10.09 21.23 2.66 2.02 0.12 0.22 従来例 11 2.77 2.12 0.88 21.10 2.44 - - - - 12 1.89 5.32 0.41 34.50 2.35 - - - - 13 0.21 1.24 0.50 9.1 18.80 - - - - 14 0.41 1.02 0.48 10.50 20.08 3.01 0.49 - 0.34 B:0.005[Table 1] Chemical composition (% by weight) Example C Si M n Ni Cr W Nb N CN b / 8 No.1 0.22 0.75 0.75 8.21 16.88 1.21 1.20 0.03 0.07 2 0.41 0.58 0.98 10.10 20.02 3.01 2.02 0.09 0.16 3 0.52 0.63 0.82 19.55 29.72 5.95 2.66 0.18 0.19 4 0.41 0.52 0.88 10.15 20.05 3.05 1.88 0.09 0.16 5 0.56 0.82 1.05 10.65 21.25 3.38 3.95 0.06 0.06 6 0.49 1.01 0.75 10.33 20.54 3.15 2.11 0.27 0.23 7 0.72 0.95 0.66 10.51 20.23 2.88 1.12 0.18 0.58 8 0.94 1.01 0.75 10.31 19.92 3.11 5.66 0.09 0.23 9 0.62 0.85 0.48 9.65 20.85 3.25 1.68 0.10 0.41 10 0.92 0.66 10.09 21.23 2.66 2.02 0.12 0.22 Conventional example 11 2.77 2.12 0.88 21.10 2.44----12 1.89 5.32 0.41 34.50 2.35----13 0.21 1.24 0.50 9.1 18.80----14 0.41 1.02 0.48 10.50 20.08 3.01 0.49-0.34 B: 0.005

【0031】次に、各供試材を用いて、以下に述べる各
種の評価試験を行った。 (1)室温引張試験 標点間距離が50mm、標点の直径が14mmの丸棒試
験片(JIS4号試験片)を用いて行った。
Next, various evaluation tests described below were carried out using each test material. (1) Room Temperature Tensile Test A round bar test piece (JIS No. 4 test piece) having a gauge length of 50 mm and a gauge diameter of 14 mm was used.

【0032】(2)高温引張試験 標点間距離が50mm、標点の直径が10mmのつばつ
き試験片を用いて、1000℃で行った。
(2) High Temperature Tensile Test Using a brim test piece having a gauge length of 50 mm and a gauge diameter of 10 mm, the test was conducted at 1000 ° C.

【0033】(3)熱疲労試験 標点間距離が20mm,標点間の直径が10mmの丸棒
試験片を用いて、加熱冷却に伴う伸び縮みを機械的に完
全に拘束した状態で、下記の条件で加熱冷却サイクルを
繰り返し、熱疲労破壊を起こさせた。 下限温度:150℃ 上限温度:1000℃ 各1サイククル:12分 なお、試験機として、電気−油圧サーボ方式の熱疲労試
験機を用いた。
(3) Thermal Fatigue Test Using a round bar test piece having a gauge length of 20 mm and a gauge diameter of 10 mm, the following test was carried out while mechanically completely restraining expansion and contraction due to heating and cooling. The heating and cooling cycle was repeated under the conditions of 1 to cause thermal fatigue failure. Lower limit temperature: 150 ° C. Upper limit temperature: 1000 ° C. 1 cycle: 12 minutes In addition, an electro-hydraulic servo type thermal fatigue tester was used as a tester.

【0034】(4)酸化試験 直径10mm,長さ20mmの丸棒試験片を作製し、1
000℃において200時間大気中に保持し、取り出し
後にショットブラスト処理を施して酸化スケールを除去
し、酸化試験前後の単位面積あたりの重量変化(酸化減
量:mg/mm2 )を求めることにより、耐酸化性を評
価した。以上の室温引張試験結果を表3に、高温引張試
験結果を表4に、熱疲労試験結果および酸化試験結果を
表5に示す。
(4) Oxidation test A round bar test piece having a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 20 mm was prepared and
It is kept in the air at 000 ° C for 200 hours, and after it is taken out, shot blasting is applied to remove the oxide scale, and the weight change per unit area before and after the oxidation test (oxidation weight loss: mg / mm2) is determined. The sex was evaluated. The above room temperature tensile test results are shown in Table 3, the high temperature tensile test results are shown in Table 4, and the thermal fatigue test results and oxidation test results are shown in Table 5.

【0035】(5)被削性試験 被削性試験が、この種の材料で最も被削性が問題となる
ドリル試験にて調査した。表2に示すような条件で試験
を行い、10回穴明けを行った後、ドリルの逃げ面摩耗
幅を測定し、更に1穴当りの摩耗幅を比較した。
(5) Machinability test A machinability test was conducted by a drill test in which the machinability of this type of material was the most problematic. The test was conducted under the conditions shown in Table 2, and after drilling 10 times, the flank wear width of the drill was measured and the wear width per hole was compared.

【0036】[0036]

【表2】 項目 削 条 件 工作機械 マシンニングセンタ(5.5kW) ドリル ソリッド超硬ドリル(φ6.8) 切削速度 40m/min 送り 0.2mm/rev,ステップフィード 穴深さ 20mm 突出長さ 42mm 切削油 油性 TABLE 2 Item switching cutting conditions machine precision centers (5.5 kW) Drill Solid carbide drill (φ6.8) cutting speed 40 m / min Feed 0.2 mm / rev, step feed hole depth 20mm protrusion length 42mm cutting oil oily

【0037】[0037]

【表3】 室温引張試験結果 0.2%耐力 引張強さ 伸び 硬さ (MPa) (MPa) (%) (HB) 実施例 No. 1 250 460 17 179 2 295 525 14 187 3 360 575 7 197 4 300 545 11 192 5 365 590 7 192 6 350 560 12 192 7 375 610 8 207 8 380 620 8 223 9 365 585 9 207 10 340 560 12 192 従来例 No.11 190 455 16 179 12 255 485 9 163 13 250 560 20 170 14 350 560 4 201 [Table 3] Room Temperature Tensile Test Results 0.2% Yield Strength Tensile Strength Elongation Hardness (MPa) (MPa) (%) (HB) Example No. 1 250 460 17 179 2 295 525 14 187 3 360 575 7 197 4 300 545 11 192 5 365 590 7 192 6 350 560 12 192 7 375 610 8 207 8 380 620 8 223 9 365 585 9 207 10 340 560 12 192 Conventional example No. 11 190 455 16 179 12 255 485 9 163 13 250 560 20 170 14 350 560 4 201

【0038】[0038]

【表4】 高温 引張試験結果(1000℃) 0.2%耐力 引張強さ 伸び (MPa) (MPa) (%) 実施例 No.1 40 64 68 2 47 75 49 3 72 115 37 4 52 90 42 5 68 105 38 6 62 100 26 7 75 110 26 8 78 115 22 9 70 105 20 10 64 100 33 従来例 No.11 33 41 33 12 33 44 29 13 35 55 49 14 66 108 26 [Table 4] High temperature tensile test result (1000 ℃) 0.2% proof stress Tensile strength Elongation (MPa) (MPa) (%) Example No. 1 40 64 68 2 47 75 49 3 72 115 37 4 52 90 42 5 68 105 38 6 62 100 26 7 75 110 26 8 78 115 22 9 70 105 20 10 64 100 33 Conventional example No. 11 33 41 33 12 33 44 29 13 35 55 49 14 66 108 26

【0039】[0039]

【表5】 熱疲労試験結果および酸化試験結果 熱疲労寿命 酸化減量 (サイ クル) (mg/mm2) 実施例 No.1 120 38 2 130 32 3 185 15 4 175 30 5 180 28 6 185 33 7 205 22 8 220 46 9 195 48 10 175 25 従来例 No.11 56 765 12 85 55 13 80 85 14 180 25 TABLE 5 Thermal fatigue test results and oxidation test results thermal fatigue life oxidation loss (cycle) (mg / mm @ 2) Example No.1 120 38 2 130 32 3 185 15 4 175 30 5 180 28 6 185 33 7 205 22 8 220 46 9 195 48 10 175 25 Conventional example No. 11 56 765 12 85 55 13 80 85 14 180 25

【0040】表6にドリルによる被削性試験結果を示
す。
Table 6 shows the results of the machinability test using a drill.

【表6】 被削性試験;一刃当りの摩耗量(mm) 実施例 No.1 0.062 2 0.052 3 0.052 4 0.045 5 0.058 6 0.035 7 0.045 8 0.040 9 0.035 10 0.041 従来例 11 0.005 12 0.005 13 0.095 14 0.105[Table 6] Machinability test; wear amount per blade (mm) Example No. 1 0.062 2 0.052 3 0.052 4 0.045 5 0.058 6 0.035 7 0.045 8 0.040 9 0.035 10 0.041 Conventional example 11 0.005 12 0.005 13 0.095 14 0.105

【0041】表3、表4および表5から明らかなよう
に、本発明による実施例1〜10は、従来材である従来
例11、12のニレジスト鋳鉄D2およびD5S、更に
従来例13のSCH−12と比較して、室温性質が同等
以上であって、高温性質が著しく改善されていることが
わかる。更に、従来例14の特開平5−5161号公報
に開示されるオーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼と機械的性質が
ほぼ同等の性能を有していることがわかる。
As is clear from Tables 3, 4, and 5, Examples 1 to 10 according to the present invention are the Niresist cast irons D2 and D5S of Conventional Examples 11 and 12, which are conventional materials, and SCH- of Conventional Example 13. It can be seen that, as compared with No. 12, the room temperature property is equal to or more than that, and the high temperature property is remarkably improved. Furthermore, it can be seen that the austenitic heat-resistant cast steel disclosed in JP-A-5-5161 of Conventional Example 14 has substantially the same mechanical properties.

【0042】表6から明らかなように本発明による実施
例1〜10は、適当量のNの含有、およびC−Nb/8
のバランスにより、従来例13および14のオーステナ
イト系耐熱鋳鋼と比較して著しく被削性が改善されてい
ることがわかる。
As is apparent from Table 6, Examples 1 to 10 according to the present invention contain C in an appropriate amount and C-Nb / 8.
It is understood that the machinability is remarkably improved as compared with the austenitic heat-resistant cast steels of Conventional Examples 13 and 14 due to the balance of No.

【0043】次に、実施例2の鋳造性および被削性の優
れたオーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼を用いて、自動車用排気
系部品のエキゾーストマニホールド(肉厚:2.0〜
2.5mm)およびタービンハウジング(肉厚:2.5
〜3.5mm)を鋳造した。得られた排気系部品はいず
れも健全なものであった。
Next, using the austenitic heat-resistant cast steel of Example 2 having excellent castability and machinability, an exhaust manifold (wall thickness: 2.0 to
2.5 mm) and turbine housing (wall thickness: 2.5
~ 3.5 mm) was cast. The obtained exhaust system parts were all sound.

【0044】更に、これらの排気系部品に機械加工を施
して、切削性の評価を行ったが、いずれのものにも何等
問題は生じなかった。
Further, these exhaust system parts were subjected to machining to evaluate their machinability, but no problems occurred in any of them.

【0045】次に、エキゾーストマニホールドとタービ
ンハウジングを組み付けた直列4気筒で排気量2000
ccの高性能ガソリンエンジン相当の排気ガスを発する
排気シミュレータにより、耐久試験を実施した。試験条
件として、6000回転相当での全負荷運転(連続14
分)−アイドリング(1分)−完全停止(14分)−ア
イドリング(1分)を1サイクルとする熱冷(GO−S
TOP)サイクルを、500サイクルまで実施した。全
負荷時の排気ガス温度は、タービンハウジングの入口温
度で、1050℃であった。この条件下でのエキゾース
トマニホールドの表面温度は、エキゾーストマニホール
ドの集合部で、約980℃、タービンハウジングの表面
温度は、ウエストゲート部で約1020℃であった。評
価試験の結果、熱変形によるガスの漏洩や熱亀裂は生じ
ず、優れた耐久性および信頼性を有することが確認され
た。
Next, an in-line 4-cylinder in which an exhaust manifold and a turbine housing are assembled has a displacement of 2000
An endurance test was conducted using an exhaust simulator that emits exhaust gas equivalent to a high-performance gasoline engine of cc. As test conditions, full load operation (continuous 14
Min) -idling (1 min) -complete stop (14 min) -idling (1 min) 1 cycle thermal cooling (GO-S
The TOP) cycle was performed up to 500 cycles. The exhaust gas temperature at full load was 1050 ° C. at the inlet temperature of the turbine housing. Under this condition, the surface temperature of the exhaust manifold was about 980 ° C. at the gathering portion of the exhaust manifold, and the surface temperature of the turbine housing was about 1020 ° C. at the wastegate portion. As a result of the evaluation test, it was confirmed that gas leakage and thermal cracking due to thermal deformation did not occur, and that it had excellent durability and reliability.

【0046】[0046]

【発明の効果】以上の説明の通り、本発明の鋳造性およ
び被削性の優れたオーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼は、特に高
温領域において強度に優れ、しかも室温延性を損なわ
ず、かつ鋳造性、加工性に優れているので、安価に製造
することがでる。このような本発明のオーステナイト系
耐熱鋳鋼は、エキゾーストマニホールドやタービンハウ
ジング等の自動車用排気系部品に好適である。本発明の
オーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼からなる排気系部品は、鋳造
性に優れ、極めて優れた耐久性を示す。
As described above, the austenitic heat-resistant cast steel of the present invention having excellent castability and machinability has excellent strength, particularly in the high temperature region, and does not impair room temperature ductility, and has castability and workability. Because it is excellent, it can be manufactured at low cost. The heat-resistant austenitic cast steel of the present invention is suitable for automobile exhaust system parts such as an exhaust manifold and a turbine housing. The exhaust system component made of the austenitic heat-resistant cast steel of the present invention has excellent castability and extremely excellent durability.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 藤田 利夫 東京都文京区向丘1丁目14番4号 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Toshio Fujita 1-14-4 Mukooka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 重量比率で、 C : 0.2 〜 1.0%,C−Nb/8:0.
05 〜 0.6%,Si: 2 %
以下,Mn: 2 %以下,Ni:
8 〜20 %,Cr:15 〜30
%,Nb: 1 を越え 6 %以下,W :
1 〜 6 %,N : 0.01 〜 0.
3%,残部:Feおよび不可避不純物からなることを特
徴とする鋳造性および被削性の優れたオーステナイト系
耐熱鋳鋼。
1. A weight ratio of C: 0.2 to 1.0%, C-Nb / 8: 0.
05-0.6%, Si: 2%
Hereinafter, Mn: 2% or less, Ni:
8-20%, Cr: 15-30
%, Nb: more than 1 and less than 6%, W:
1 to 6%, N: 0.01 to 0.
3%, balance: Fe and inevitable impurities, austenitic heat-resistant cast steel with excellent castability and machinability.
【請求項2】 請求項1に記載の鋳造性および被削性の
優れたオーステナイト系耐熱鋳鋼からなる排気系部品。
2. An exhaust system component made of the austenitic heat-resistant cast steel having excellent castability and machinability according to claim 1.
【請求項3】 請求項2に記載の排気系部品において、
エキゾーストマニホールドであることを特徴とする排気
系部品。
3. The exhaust system component according to claim 2,
Exhaust system parts characterized by being an exhaust manifold.
【請求項4】 請求項2に記載の排気系部品において、
タービンハウジングであることを特徴とする排気系部
品。
4. The exhaust system component according to claim 2, wherein
An exhaust system component characterized by a turbine housing.
JP01942194A 1994-02-16 1994-02-16 Austenitic heat-resistant cast steel with excellent castability and machinability and exhaust system parts made of it Expired - Lifetime JP3417636B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP01942194A JP3417636B2 (en) 1994-02-16 1994-02-16 Austenitic heat-resistant cast steel with excellent castability and machinability and exhaust system parts made of it
US08/350,145 US5501835A (en) 1994-02-16 1994-11-29 Heat-resistant, austenitic cast steel and exhaust equipment member made thereof
DE69430840T DE69430840T2 (en) 1994-02-16 1994-11-29 Heat-resistant austenitic cast steel and components of an exhaust system made from it
EP94118788A EP0668367B1 (en) 1994-02-16 1994-11-29 Heat-resistant, austenitic cast steel and exhaust equipment member made thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP01942194A JP3417636B2 (en) 1994-02-16 1994-02-16 Austenitic heat-resistant cast steel with excellent castability and machinability and exhaust system parts made of it

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JPH07228949A true JPH07228949A (en) 1995-08-29
JP3417636B2 JP3417636B2 (en) 2003-06-16

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008525630A (en) * 2004-12-24 2008-07-17 マーレ ヴェンティルトリープ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング Vane bearing ring of turbocharger for automobile internal combustion engine
EP2258883A1 (en) * 2008-02-22 2010-12-08 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Austenitic heat-resistant cast steel and exhaust system components made therefrom

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008525630A (en) * 2004-12-24 2008-07-17 マーレ ヴェンティルトリープ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング Vane bearing ring of turbocharger for automobile internal combustion engine
EP2258883A1 (en) * 2008-02-22 2010-12-08 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Austenitic heat-resistant cast steel and exhaust system components made therefrom
EP2258883A4 (en) * 2008-02-22 2014-05-14 Hitachi Metals Ltd Austenitic heat-resistant cast steel and exhaust system components made therefrom

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