JPH07227811A - Crack formation device of wood chip - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a crack forming device for wood chips which forms cracks without generating choking and also a crack forming device for wood chips which removes contaminants from the surface of a roll continuously. CONSTITUTION: This crack forming device for wood chips is equipped with rolls 24, 26 which have the surface of a matrix with pyramidal protrusions and are rotated in the opposite direction to each other. The pyramids are arranged in one straight line in the circumferential direction and gaps between the circumferential rows of the pyramids form a continuous V-shaped groove encircling the rolls 24, 26. A scraper 22 is provided which cleans the surfaces of the rolls 24, 26 so that wood chips or other materials do not accumulate in the gaps. The scraper 22 is constituted of a receiving plate fixed to a frame 30 on which the rolls 24, 26 are mounted and a blade 62 which is made of a highly wear-resistant 1/4"-thick stainless steel and also is sectionalized replaceably. The blade 62 has triangular teeth fitting into the gaps between the rows of the pyramids on the surface of the rolls 24, 26.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to an apparatus for treating wood chips to improve water penetration and facilitate subsequent pulp forming operations, and more particularly between operating rolls located in close proximity. The invention relates to a destructive device having a positively contoured surface that passes a chip and applies a compressive force to the chip by a roll to generate a crack.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In a papermaking process made from wood fibers, wood fibers must be liberated from the raw wood. In the prevailing way, this is
This is done by cooking wood fibers in a lysate until the lignin, which is the fiber binding material, is dissolved.

In order to quickly and evenly cook the wood with the cooking liquor, the raw wood is stripped of bark and then passed through a chipper to form wood chips 1 to 4 inches long. . This chipper produces a considerable proportion of oversized chips, so after these oversized chips are separated by the screening equipment,
It is usually reprocessed through a chip slicer and sliced to the desired thickness.

However, reprocessing through a chip slicer has the disadvantage of producing a lot of sawdust and wood chips. The production of sawdust and wood chips reduces the total productivity of high quality fibers made from a certain amount of raw wood. Re-slicing oversized chips incurs a significant loss because the price of the raw wood is the basis of the price of the paper being made.

A process known as "delamination" or "crushing" of chips replaces the reslicing process of oversized wood chips with a process which has been researched and developed for a long time and finally commercialized in recent years. is there. according to this,
Wood chips are fed through opposing rollers and compressed through the nip of the rollers.

By compressing the wood chips and then re-expanding the chips to their original form, the chips are crushed or at least crushed in the morphology as chips to increase the porosity of the chips and It penetrates the chip more quickly, thereby effectively reducing the thickness of the chip.

[0007] Such delamination or destruction devices used a smooth or only slightly roughened surface, resulting in low throughput of wood chips. A more aggressive surface may increase the throughput of wood chips, but may result in unacceptable fiber damage.

[0008]

U.S. Pat. No. 4,953,795 to Belagus discloses an apparatus having a positively contoured roll surface consisting of a matrix of pyramidal protrusions. Belagus refers to a roll that cracks and crushes wood chips, preferably in the direction of fiber orientation.

A positively contoured roll surface with individual outwardly extending projections, such as the Beagle's disclosure, is of particular importance in the actual use in the chip shredding process to prepare wood chips. I know there is.

However, the positively contoured roll surface has a damp tip, a sticky tip,
Moreover, it becomes sticky when processing wood chips with pith. What is needed then is an apparatus for forming cracks in damp, sticky, and pithed wood chips without causing clogs.

[0011]

The wood chip crack forming apparatus of the present invention comprises counter-rotating rolls having very aggressive surfaces. In the preferred design, the positive surface has a matrix of pyramidal protrusions that have been machined, cast, or otherwise formed on the roll surface. The pyramidal protrusions are circumferentially disposed on the roll surface such that the gaps between the circumferential rows of pyramidal protrusions surround the roll and extend in a continuous V-shape extending in the longitudinal direction of the roll. Forming a groove.

A scraper is provided to clean the surface of the rolls and prevent clogging of the wood chips between the rolls. This scraper has a backing plate that is fixed to the frame to which the roll is attached, and a 1/4 with high abrasion resistance.
Formed by inch stainless steel replaceable piece blades. The ends of the blades have triangular teeth that mate with the rows of pyramidal protrusions on the roll surface.

The blade teeth are located 1-2 mm away from the side of the pyramidal protrusions which form a very positive roll surface. The scraper is preferably placed under the roll so that scraped material can easily fall off. However, when retrofitting the scraper to existing equipment, it can be placed anywhere near the circumference of the opposing roll.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a wood chip crack forming device capable of treating moist chips, sticky chips, and wood chips with pith.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wood chip crack forming apparatus provided with a device for continuously removing dirt on a positively contoured roll surface used in the wood chip crack forming apparatus. It is to be. Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description in connection with the accompanying drawings.

[0016]

According to the present invention, there is provided a scraper having a projection-like portion which meshes with an outwardly extending projection on the surface of a roll constituting a crack forming device for wood chips, and the scraper is attached to the surface of the roll. Scrape off the substance. As a result, it is possible to provide a wood chip crack forming device that forms a crack even in a moist chip, a sticky chip, or a wood chip having a pith without causing a clog.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS With particular reference to FIGS. 1 to 10, the same reference numerals indicate the same members, and the wood chip treating apparatus is shown in FIG.
2 and 3. As shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the wood chip processor 20 includes a scraper device 22 to improve the performance of the chip processor 20.

The wood chip processing apparatus 20 has a first roll 24.
And a second roll 26, which are mounted on the frame 30 by bearings 28 for rotation of these rolls. The rolls 24,26 have positively contoured roll surfaces 32,34 which are spaced in parallel to form a nip 36 between the rolls and rotate in opposite directions.

As best shown in FIG. 7, the positively contoured roll surface is preferably formed by pyramids 38, which are the rolls 24,
They are arranged in a row in the circumferential direction forming 26 positive surfaces 32, 34.

In the preferred embodiment, the pyramid 3
The eight peaks are ½ inch apart from each other, and the individual pyramid peak-to-base depth is approximately ¼.
Inches. In operation, the peaks of the pyramid 38 are arranged so that the peaks are aligned with each other or the peaks and the valleys are aligned. In operation, the pyramid 38 fractures the wood chips along the fiber orientation of the chips, regardless of how the chips enter between the rolls.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the roll surface is comprised of a matrix of pyramidal projections which form a circumferential V-shaped valley 41 on the roll surfaces 32,34. ing. Axial V-shaped valley 42
Are formed on the rolls 24, 26 at right angles to the circumferential valleys 41 between the pyramids 38. The intersecting valleys 41, 42 form a four-sided pyramid 38 that extends radially outward from the roll surfaces 32, 34.

The shape and function of the positively contoured surfaces 32, 34 is described in further detail in US Pat. No. 4,953,795, issued to Belags on September 4, 1990, herein incorporated by reference. Has been done.

The wood chip processing apparatus 20 has an electric motor 43, and a speed reducer 45 is provided by a matching V belt 44.
To drive. The speed reducer 45 connects the rolls 24 and 26 to the central drive shaft 46. The roll 26 has its bearing 28
The hydraulic actuator 48 as well as the speed reducer 45 can be adjusted in the horizontal direction. This allows the nip 36
The width of can be controlled by moving the rolls 24 spaced parallel to the opposing rolls 26.

Chip 56 to be processed
Is fed through a chip infeed 50 mounted above the nip 36 between the rolls 24,26. The feeder 50 is located above the nip 36 and is fed with chips by a feeding means such as a vibrating conveyor 52 shown in FIGS.

Although any means of supplying the chips 56 can be used, such as an auger conveyor, hopper, conventional conveyor or chute, a uniform distribution of chips 56 is preferred. The wood chips usually flow without stagnation, but often become sticky and stick to the surfaces 32, 34 of the rolls 24, 26.

Conifers such as pine and fir, for example, produce a resinous material that exudes onto the surface of the wood chips 56 and causes the chips to stick to the roll. Moreover, when the tip is wet, or when the tip is sticky or softened by the growth of bacteria, mold, slime mold, etc., the tip 56 easily sticks to the surfaces 32, 34 of the rolls 24, 26. .

Chip 56 when passing through rolls 24, 26
This tendency is more clearly understood if one notices that is usually compressed to a factor of 5. This compression process brings the chips 56 into close contact with the roll surfaces 24, 26, which is normally associated with the sticking process. If the tip 56 does not fall freely from the rolls, as indicated by arrow 54 in FIG. 2, the tip remains on the surfaces 32, 34 of the rolls 24, 26 and re-enters the nip.

There are two major drawbacks to recycling the tip 56. First, recycled chips 5
6 means that too much pressure is applied and the quality of the fiber produced from the chip is degraded. Second is chip 5
The recirculation of 6 would either overload the chip processor 20 and reduce the fluidity of the material, or result in the newly incoming chips not being properly processed.

In order to solve these problems, the scraper device 22 shown in FIGS.
Form a part of. Chip scraper device 22
Has a transverse support beam 58 to which a catch rod 60 is welded or otherwise attached, to which catch rod 60 one or more blade pieces 62 are fastened by bolts 63. ing. As shown in FIG. 5, each blade piece 62
Has triangular teeth 64, the contours of which are rolls 24, 2
4 fits into a circumferential groove 41 carved between the pyramids 38 forming the very aggressive surfaces 32, 34 of the four.

In the preferred embodiment, the scraper device 2
Two lateral support beams 58 are attached to the frame 30 above each roll 24, 26. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the scraper device 22 positions a blade piece 62 with teeth 64 radially disposed downward in the grooves 41 of the rolls 24, 26. Thus
The wood chips 56 are the valleys 41 in the circumferential direction of the rolls 24, 26.
If you get stuck between the aggressive pyramids 38 in
Removed by teeth 64.

The contours of the teeth 64 are such that the circumferential valleys or grooves 41
Of the roll surface 32, 34 and is in close proximity within 40 to 80 inches (1-2 mm) of the roll surface 32, 34. As shown in FIG. 5, the blade piece 62 has a bolt hole 68 through which the bolt 63 is inserted.
2 is attached to the receiving rod 60. The receiving rod 60 supports the blade piece, and protects the blade piece from vibration and bending, and is fixed. The blade piece 62 is a relatively thin gauge Nitronic 30.
Made of stainless steel 1/4 inch stainless steel. Nitronic 30 stainless steel is a high wear resistant material designed to resist metal-to-metal friction.

In some cases, it may be desirable to use somewhat thicker 1/2 inch blade pieces. This is because thicker blade pieces allow the teeth to be thinner due to their thickness. Blade piece 62 is conveniently formed of two foot sections, in which case one blade piece can be used for machines of different throughput. The machine shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 comprises a roll 4 feet long, uses two blade pieces 62 and is capable of processing wood chips in the range of 110 cubic meters per hour. By using the blade piece 62, the scraper device 22 can be easily adopted in various chip processing machines having different lengths.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the binary chip processor 120. Binary chip processor 120 uses a first roll 124 and a second roll 126, with a first nip 136 formed therebetween. The rolls 124 and 126 are mounted on a bearing 128. The rolls 124, 126 rotate in opposite directions and process the tip 56 by the nip 136.

The third roll 127 forms the second nip 137 and the rolls 126 and 127 are opposed. The gap of the second nip 137 is smaller than the first nip. In this way, the chips 56 are crushed in order. Sequential crushing has the dual advantage of making the chips 56 more completely crushed while avoiding over-compression of the chips which may result in a loss of fiber quality.

The two-stage crushing process performed by the chip processing device 120 functions as follows. The chips 56 flow from the vibrating conveyor 52 into the first nip 136, the width of the first nip 136 being set so as not to over-compress the thickest chip 56. Thickest chip 5
6 passes through the nip 136, the rolls 124, 12
The very aggressive surfaces 132, 134 of 6 allow cracking along the fiber orientation.

Thus, the cracked tip 56 is
Proceed to a feed table 139 that supports the tip 56 between the roll 124 and the third roll 127. Sending table 1
The movement of the second roll 126, which rotates above 39, produces a cleaning effect and carries the tip 56 from the table 139 into the second nip 137. Upon reaching the second nip, the tip 56 is further compressed on the surfaces 133,134,
Thus all very thick chips are crushed. The cracks in the thickest tip make it easier to process the tip in the second nip, so overcompression is avoided.

The chip processor 120 includes a hydraulic actuator 148 for adjusting the distance between the nips 136 and 137. The chip processor 120 not only saves a considerable amount of parts and equipment, but also effectively accomplishes the work of two chip processors 20. Chip processing device 1
20 is the four rolls and 2 required for the chip processing apparatus 20.
Instead of a body frame, only three rolls and one frame 130 are needed. Thus, if aggressive crushing is required, the chip processor 120 will be more cost effective than the two chip processors 20.

For the newly designed machine, as shown in FIG. 9, the scraper 122 includes rolls 124,12.
6, 127 is located at the optimum position. For the rolls 124 and 127 that are easily accessible to the bottom of the rolls,
The scraper 122 is preferably located below the roll, so that material scraped from between the rows 40 of pyramids 38 forming the positive surface of the roll is free to fall from the roll. For roll 126, which is difficult to reach the bottom of the roll, scraper 122 is positioned so that the material is scraped down to the side facing the downstream.

FIG. 10 shows a ternary chip processing apparatus 220, which has a first roll 224 and a second roll 22.
6, having a third roll 227 and a fourth roll 229.
The ternary chip processor functions similarly to the binary chip processor, but has an in-line fourth roll 129 forming a third nip 238. Thus, the ternary chip processing apparatus 220 has the first nip 236, the second nip 237,
It has a third nip 238.

The spacing of the first nip is wider than the spacing of the second nip, and the spacing of the second nip is wider than the spacing of the third nip. Hydraulic actuators 248 and 249 are provided to control the spacing of nips 236, 237 and 238. The movement of the hydraulic actuator 248 controls the distance between the first nip 236 and the second nip 237, and the hydraulic actuator 249 controls the distance between the third nip 238.

The operating logic of the ternary chip processor is similar to that of the binary chip processor, but only the crushing action is positively performed in these three nips. The chips 56 flowing into the first nip pass through the chip table 239, are carried into the second nip 237, and are transferred to the roll 22.
7 and flows into the third nip 238. The function of the ternary chip processor is achieved by three consecutive runs of the processor 20 with three single nip tips, but by combining these functions as shown in FIG. The required number of rolls and equipment of 1/3 or more can be saved by using four rolls forming three nips.

The scraper bar 222 is placed on the first three rolls 224, 226 and 227 of the ternary chip processor 220 in a manner similar to the placement of the chip scraper bar 122 on the binary processor 120. ing.
If the bottom of the roll is easily accessible, scraper 22
2 is preferably located below the rolls, so that the material scraped from between the rows 40 of pyramids 38 is free to fall unhindered by the rolls. The scraper 222 is thus provided with the rolls 224, 227 and 22.
It is installed under 9. For rolls 226 that are less likely to reach the bottom of the rolls, scraper 222 is positioned so that the material is scraped down to the downstream facing side.

The very aggressive surface is shown as being formed by a matrix of pyramids, but a cone,
Other shapes including, but not limited to, truncated, parabolic, hyperbolic, tetrahedral, etc. can be used. However, each shape that forms these positive surfaces requires a unique blade configuration with each tooth, each tooth being a geometric or arbitrary shape that forms the very positive surface of the roll. It is necessary to fit the circumferential path formed by the.

In the above description, the blade of the scraper is shown as being fixed to the frame, but it can also be attached in a hinge-like manner or in a retractable manner. While the above has also suggested that the blade material is stainless steel with high wear resistance, it can also be a material such as high carbon steel, ditungsten carbide, cast ceramic inserts, plastics, composites and the like. .

Furthermore, although the scraper blades are shown to extend radially with respect to the roll,
It may be located at any position in the tangential direction of the roll surface or in the vertical direction.

Although the teeth of the blade shown above are shown as constituting the portion of the blade, they may be made of separate materials or may be made of a smaller material. Also, while in FIGS. 1-3, the scraper device 22 is shown retrofitted to a machine of existing design, the machine can be redesigned so that the scraper is under the roll.

The present invention is not limited to the special structure and equipment of the parts as shown and described above, but encompasses various modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that

[0048]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, a scraper having a projection-like portion which engages with an outwardly extending projection on the surface of a roll constituting a crack forming device for wood chips is provided. Thus, it is possible to provide a wood chip crack forming device that forms a crack in a moist chip, a sticky chip, or a wood chip having a marrow without causing a clog.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a top plan view of a wood chip crack forming device,
It is cut away.

2 shows a scraper device according to the invention, line 2 in FIG.
2 is a cross-sectional view of the wood crack forming device taken along line -2. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the wood crack forming device taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2, showing the scraper device of the present invention.

4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the device of FIG. 2 taken along line 4-4.

5 is a front side view of the blade of the scraper shown in FIG. 2. FIG.

6 is a partially enlarged view of the blade of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of a part of the roll surface of the chip crack forming device of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the blade and roll surface of the scraper, showing how the teeth of the blade engage with the positive form of the roll.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of mounting a wood chip crack forming device equipped with the scraper of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another wood chip crack forming device installation including the scraper of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 Wood chip processing device 22 Scraper device 24 First roll 26 Second roll 28 Bearing 30 Frame 32 Positively contoured roll surface 34 Positively contoured roll surface 36 Nip 38 Pyramid 41 Circumferential V-shaped valley 42 Shaft Direction V-shaped valley 43 Electric motor 44 V-belt 45 Reducer 46 Center drive shaft 48 Hydraulic actuator 50 Chip feeder 52 Vibration conveyor 56 Wood chips 58 Support beam 60 Receiving rod 62 Blade piece 63 Bolt 64 Triangular tooth 68 Bolt hole 120 Binary chip processing device 122 Scraper device 124 First roll 126 Second roll 127 Third roll 128 Bearing 129 Fourth roll 130 Frame 136 First nip 137 Second nip 139 Feed table 148 Hydraulic actuator Tha 220 ternary type chip processing apparatus 222 scraper bar 224 first roll 226 second roll 227 third roll 229 fourth roll 236 first nip 237 the second nip 238 the third nip 239 chip table 248 hydraulic actuator 249 hydraulic actuator

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A crack forming device for wood chips, comprising first and second rolls arranged for rotational operation about horizontal axes of rotation which are substantially parallel to each other. And the second rolls are spaced apart to exert a compressive force on the wood chips passing between them, and at least one roll is positively formed by a matrix of outwardly extending projections. Having a contoured roll surface, wherein at least one roll of the first and second rolls is
At least one scraper connected to the means for rotating at least one roll along its longitudinal axis and mounted in spaced relation parallel to the horizontal axis of the at least one roll; The scraper having a projection-like portion that extends radially inward in the direction of at least one of the rolls and that meshes with a projection extending outward of the contoured roll surface, The rotation of the roll with respect to the scraper
A crack forming device, which produces a cleaning action on the roll surface. 2. A relationship in which both the first and second rolls are similarly positively contoured and at least one scraper is spaced parallel to each of the first and second rolls. The crack forming apparatus of claim 1, wherein the crack forming apparatus is mounted on a roll, the scraper of which engages with the positively contoured surface to produce a cleaning action on the roll surface. 3. The positively contoured surface of the first and second rolls comprises a matrix of pyramidal protrusions on the roll surface, the protruding portions of the scraper defining triangular teeth. 3. The crack forming device according to claim 2, wherein the teeth fit and mesh with the pyramid. 4. A third roll disposed substantially parallel to each other so as to perform a rotary operation, and spaced apart from the second roll by a predetermined gap smaller than a predetermined gap between the first and second rolls. Rolls, wherein the second and third rolls receive chips fed from the first and second rolls, thus actively cracking wood chips, the third roll positively contouring At least one scraper having a scribed surface and mounted in parallel spaced-apart relation to the third roll, the scraper comprising a positively contoured surface of the third roll. The crack forming device of claim 1, wherein the crack forming device engages and thereby produces a cleaning action on the surface of the third roll. 5. The crack forming device according to claim 1, wherein the scraper is made of a material having high abrasion resistance. 6. A first device which is arranged substantially parallel to each other so as to perform a rotating operation and which is located at a predetermined interval and applies a compressive force to the wood chips passing between them.
And a second chip roll forming apparatus, wherein at least one of the rolls has a positively contoured roll surface comprising a matrix of discrete outwardly extending projections, the projections comprising: Is a height substantially equal to the thickness of the desired chips, supplying a stream of wood chips to said first and second rolls,
And means for distributing wood chips along the axial extent of the first and second rolls, at least one of the first and second rolls having at least one At least one scraper connected to the means for rotating the rolls and mounted in parallel spaced-apart relation to at least one of said first and second rolls, said scraper facing towards the roll surface An apparatus for cracking wood chips, comprising a plurality of protrusions that extend and engage positively contoured surfaces, thereby producing a cleaning action on the roll surface. 7. Both said first and second rolls are similarly positively contoured and at least one scraper is spaced parallel to each of said first and second rolls. 7. The crack forming device of claim 6, wherein the scraper, mounted in relation, engages the positively contoured surface, thereby creating a cleaning action on the roll surface. 8. The positively contoured surface of the first and second rolls comprises a matrix of pyramidal protrusions on the roll surface, the scraper having portions defining triangular teeth. The crack-forming device according to claim 7, characterized in that its teeth fit and mesh with the pyramid. 9. The crack forming device according to claim 6, wherein the scraper is made of a material having high abrasion resistance. 10. A wood chip crack forming device comprising a frame, a first roll rotatably mounted on the frame about an axis of rotation and substantially parallel to the first roll. A second roll mounted to the frame for rotation about an axis of rotation, the first and second rolls being spaced apart from one another and passing between them. Compressively, and at least the first roll has a contoured roll surface formed of a matrix of outwardly extending projections, spaced parallel to the horizontal direction of the first roll. At least one scraper mounted on the frame in a locating relationship with the scraper having a projection extending radially inward toward the first roll and Engaged with protrusions that extend outwardly of the contoured surface of the Le, whereby wood chips crack forming apparatus to which the rotation of the first roll for the scraper, characterized in that the removing solves wood chips from the roll surface. 11. The crack forming apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the scraper is attached to the frame in a meshing relationship with each of the first and second rolls. 12. A third roll mounted to the frame for rotation about an axis of rotation substantially parallel to the first roll, the third roll of the first and second rolls. Spaced apart from the second roll by a predetermined distance less than a predetermined distance therebetween, and the third roll has a surface with a plurality of projections extending radially outwardly, and ,
The second and third rolls receive the wood chips flowing in from the first and second rolls and further crush them, and at least one scraper mounted on the frame in a position parallel to and spaced from the third roll. The scraper has a radially inwardly extending protrusion that engages an outwardly extending protrusion of the third roll, such that rotation of the third roll relative to the scraper causes the wood chips to fall. The crack forming device according to claim 10, wherein the crack forming device is released from the roll surface.