JPH07227208A - Preparation of substitutional powdered milk wherein soybean lees are utilized - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide alternative powder milk which improves solubility while correcting its hue and fish-like smells by crushing soybean lees, adding and mixing various nutritive elements after bleaching and drying soybean lees. CONSTITUTION: The soybean lees are crushed, bleached and dried and afterwards, whey powder, fat, minerals, vitamins and/or cellulose are added and mixed. They are bleached by chlorine gas or hydrogen peroxide or the like and dried by spray drying or the like.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a milk powder substitute from soybean meal, and more specifically, to substitute various milk powders with soybean meal produced as a by-product in the soybean oil production process. The present invention relates to a method for producing a milk powder substitute.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As milk processing products, various milk powder products such as whole milk powder and skim milk powder are known. Such milk powder products are usually produced from milk. On the other hand, soy milk is an alternative food to milk. Soy milk is produced mainly from soybeans and is eaten as a health food in that it can ingest vegetable protein. However, the products used as substitutes for milk powder are not yet known.

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Among agricultural products belonging to legumes, soybean contains 40 to 47% of protein and 17 to 21 of fat.
%, It contains 30% of carbohydrates, so it is very nutritionally excellent. Currently, the main processed product of soybean is edible oil, and a large amount of defatted soybean meal is produced as a by-product in the production process.

[0004] Soybean meal is nutritionally comparable to a protein source, but when squeezing oil, most of the protein is denatured to turn yellowish brown, and its molecular weight increases, so that it does not dissolve well in water. In addition, since it has a fishy odor, it is rarely used as an edible product, and most of it is processed as a feed or a fertilizer such as a compounded feed.

However, soybean meal has a crude protein content of 5
Since it is 0% or more and one of the cheapest protein sources, it is very preferable from the economical point of view to process this to produce a milk powder substitute. Furthermore, since the price difference between soybean and soybean meal is gradually increasing, the need for a method for processing soybean meal into food is gradually increasing.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for processing edible incompatible soybean meal into a milk powder substitute, which can improve its hue, odor and solubility and can replace milk powder.

[0007]

The objects of the present invention are as follows: a) a step of crushing soybean meal, b) a step of bleaching and drying a crushed product, and c) addition and mixing of various necessary nutrients. It can be achieved by a method comprising steps. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

Step a): Grinding process The soybean meal first undergoes a particle size reduction process. This process is a cutting method that cuts soybean meal with a thin and sharp blade, a crushing method that crushes particles by applying a pressure output using a roller mill, a shearing method that performs cutting and crushing at the same time, and floating particles using a hammer mill or a Zet mill Can be carried out by using an impact crushing method or the like in which the powder is struck against a heavy machine such as a sieve or a hammer, or crushed by hitting. The preferred particle size range is 100 mesh (150 μm) to 300 mesh (50 μm).

Step b): Bleaching and Drying Step The soybean meal ground by the above method is then bleached.
The bleaching process uses chlorine gas (Cl ₂ ), hydrogen peroxide (H ₂ O
₂ ), chlorine dioxide (ClO ₂ ) or sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and the like with a bleaching agent at 50 ° C. to 8 ° C.
Perform at 0 ° C. For example, a soybean meal is added with a solvent in a volume of 10 times, and a chlorine gas from which water is removed is blown into the soybean meal while being bleached by stirring. Bleaching method using chlorine gas, 3% to 5% hydrogen peroxide solution is added. A bleaching method using hydrogen peroxide, which is bleached by stirring while refluxing cooling, and chlorine dioxide which is bleached by stirring for 1 hour while adding chlorine dioxide to a soybean meal and injecting chlorine dioxide A bleaching method or a bleaching method using sodium hypochlorite in which 5% sodium hypochlorite is added and then stirred for 2 hours to bleach can be used. Examples of the solvent used in the bleaching step include water, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, and isopropanol, or ethyl ether.

The soybean meal thus bleached is subjected to a drying process. Soybean meal can be dried by spray drying, freeze drying,
It can be performed by a filtration method, a centrifugation method, or the like. In the spray drying method, particles are formed during spraying in a spray dryer,
The contact between the spray and the air evaporates the water resulting in a dry particulate product. The freeze-drying method can remove water by freezing a solution to obtain a dried product. Further, the filtration method and the centrifugal separation method are methods of filtering and centrifuging using a decompression device and a centrifugal separator, respectively, and then drying in air at room temperature.

Step c): Nutrient Addition and Mixing Step The dried soybean meal obtained in the step b) is processed into a milk powder substitute by adding and mixing various necessary nutrients.
Examples of nutrients to be added include whey powder as a carbohydrate source, fats (vegetable oils such as palm oil and coconut oil, semi-hardened oils such as shotting and animal oils), minerals / vitamins, fibrin, etc. There is. These nutrients may be added to the final product, or may be mixed with fat before the spray drying step and then spray dried, and then the remaining nutrients may be added and mixed. To maintain nutritional balance,
These nutrients are, for example, 22% protein, 13% fat, 52.7% carbohydrate,
Add minerals (calcium, phosphorus, sodium) / vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D ₃ , vitamin E, vitamin C) 8%, fibrin 0.3% and water 4%.

[0012] In the above-mentioned steps, a step for enhancing the marketability of the milk powder substitute product may be added. Such a process is known, and examples thereof include a physical method for increasing dispersibility in water, that is, solubility, a process of finely pulverizing particles to reduce the weight of large particles, a colloidal state by adding an emulsifier. Can be carried out, a step of homogenizing in a state of being dissolved in water by a homogenizer, a step of hydrolyzing at a pH of 9 to 11 under an alkaline catalyst, a step of coating soybean meal with fat, and the like.

[0013]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. However, these examples are for illustrative purposes only, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples. In the following examples,% means% by weight unless otherwise indicated.

Example 1 Korean soybean meal was ground with a roller mill to remove the skin so that the grain size became 170 mesh (88 μm). 50 g of this was taken and 67 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide (4% v / Bleaching was carried out with v), 300 ml of propanol (60% v / v) and 133 ml of water under reflux cooling at 75 ° C. for 30 minutes.
Then, after filtering and drying at room temperature for about 20 hours, it was ground into powder using a grinder. As a result, in the obtained dry ground soybean meal powder, soybean meal 24%, fat (palm oil) 9%, whey powder 55%, minerals (calcium, phosphorus, sodium, etc.), vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D ₃ , Vitamin E, vitamin C, etc.) 8%, fibrin 0.3% and water 4
Each nutrient was added so that it became the ratio of%, and it mixed using the mixing grinder.

Example 2 Korean soybean meal was ground with a mill to obtain a particle size of 170 mesh (88 μm), 30 g of this soybean meal and 3 parts of water were added.
Add 00 ml to the reactor and add 2 parts of chlorine gas without water.
Bleaching was performed by stirring for 1 hour while pouring at 0 ml / min. Then, it was washed with compressed air (or nitrogen gas) for 30 minutes to remove residual chlorine. 20 at 2,000 rpm
The solid content obtained by centrifuging for minutes was dried in air at room temperature for 20 hours and then pulverized into powder. To 27% of this ground soybean meal, 62% of whey powder and 11% of fat (palm oil) were added and mixed.

Example 3 Korean soybean meal was ground with a flour mill to a particle size of 100 mesh (1
50 μm), 1,000 g of water was added to 100 g of this soybean meal, the pH was adjusted to 10 with a NaOH solution, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour for hydrolysis. After hydrolysis, 3
Add 200 ml of 0% hydrogen peroxide (5% v / v) and add 5% at 78 ℃.
After bleaching with reflux cooling for 0 minutes, 2,000
Centrifuge at rpm for 20 minutes. The solid content obtained after centrifugation was dried in air at room temperature and then pulverized into powder. To 27% of this ground soybean meal, 62% of whey powder and 11% of fat (coconut oil) were added.

Example 4 Korean soybean meal was ground with a roller mill to remove the skin so that the grain size became 170 mesh (88 μm). 20 g of this was taken and 33 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide (5% v / v),
Bleaching was carried out with 140 ml of isopropanol (70% v / v) and 27 ml of water under reflux cooling at 78 ° C. for 50 minutes.
Then, after filtering and drying, it grind | pulverized into powder using the grinder. As a result, in the obtained dry ground soybean meal powder, soybean meal 24%, fat (palm oil) 9%, whey powder 55%, minerals (calcium, phosphorus, sodium, etc.) / Vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D ₃ , Vitamin E, vitamin C
Etc.) Each nutrient was added so as to have a ratio of 8%, fibrin 0.3%, and water 4%, and mixed using a mixing and grinding machine.

Example 5 Korean soybean meal was ground with a Zet mill to a particle size of 200 mesh (75 μm), 20 g of which was taken and 120 ml of methanol (60% v / v), 27 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide. Bleaching was carried out with (4% v / v) and 53 ml of water under reflux cooling at 60 ° C. for 30 minutes. Next, the bleached soybean meal liquid was added to a round bottom flask, the wall surface of the flask was frozen in a mixed liquid of dry ice and acetone, and then freeze-dried for 24 hours to obtain a dry powder. The pressure before using the freeze dryer is 1
The pressure was 0 μHg, and the pressure after 30 minutes of use was 70 μHg. As a result, 24 g of soybean meal was added to the obtained dry ground soybean meal powder.
%, Fat (animal oil) 9%, whey powder 55%, minerals (calcium, phosphorus, sodium) / vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D ₃ , vitamin E, vitamin C) 8
%, Fibrin 0.3% and water content 4%, and the respective nutrients were added and mixed using a mixing and crushing machine.

Example 6 Korean soybean meal was ground with a Zet mill to a particle size of 200 mesh (75 μm), 10 g of this was taken, 90 ml of water was added, and the pH was adjusted to 9 with a NaOH solution.
After shaking for 0 minutes, the solution was neutralized to pH 7 with a hydrochloric acid solution. Then, 5 ml of sodium hypochlorite was added, and the mixture was stirred at 80 ° C. for 2 hours for bleaching, and then centrifuged at 2,000 rpm for 15 minutes. The solid content obtained by centrifugation was dried in air at room temperature and then pulverized into powder. 62% of whey powder and 11% of fat (palm oil) were mixed with 27% of this ground soybean meal powder.

Example 7 Korean soybean meal was ground to a particle size of 200 mesh (75 μm).
), And 100 g of this was added to a reactor together with 1,000 ml of ethyl alcohol and stirred for 1 hour while injecting chlorine dioxide gas for bleaching.
Then, it was filtered, dried in air at room temperature, and then pulverized into powder. 27% of this ground soybean meal powder and 62% of whey powder
And 11% of fat (shotting) were mixed.

Example 8 Korean soybean meal was ground with a Zet mill to a particle size of 200 mesh (75 μm), 200 g of which was taken and 107 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide (4% v / v), ethyl alcohol 75 with 560 ml (70% v / v) and 133 ml of water
It was refluxed and cooled at 50 ° C. for 50 minutes for bleaching, and then filtered and dried. 100 g of powder dried and crushed in air at room temperature is mixed with 500 g of water, 36 g of fat (shotting) is added, and the mixture is stirred at a temperature of 45 ° C. until transparent, and then 72 g of flour is added. The mixture was stirred again at 45 ° C., 0.9 g of an emulsifier was added, and the mixture was stirred at 45 ° C. for 15 minutes so as to emulsify, and then passed through a homogenizer. After homogenization, spray drying was performed using a spray dryer. Spray-dried soybean meal powder, soybean meal 33%, whey powder 55%, minerals (calcium, phosphorus, sodium) / vitamins (vitamin A,
Vitamin D ₃ , vitamin E, and vitamin C) 8%, fibrin 0.3% and water 4% were added to the respective nutrients and mixed using a mixing and crushing machine.

Example 9 Korean soybean meal was ground with a Zet mill to a particle size of 200 mesh (75 μm), 100 g of which was taken and 700 ml of methanol (70% v / v), 100 ml of 30% hydrogen peroxide. (3% v / v) and 200 ml of water at 55 ° C for 4
The mixture was refluxed and cooled for 0 minutes, bleached, and then filtered and dried. 100 g of powder dried and pulverized in air at room temperature is added to 500 parts of water.
Mix with g, add 36 g of fat (shotting) and add 0.9 g of an emulsifier while stirring at a temperature of 45 ° C.
After stirring so as to emulsify at 5 ° C. for 15 minutes, the mixture was passed through a homogenizer. After homogenization, spray drying was performed using a spray dryer. Soybean meal powder spray-dried, soybean meal 33%,
Whey powder 55%, minerals (calcium, phosphorus, sodium, etc.) / Vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D ₃ , vitamin E, vitamin C) 8%, fibrin 0.3% and water 4% Each nutrient was added and mixed using a mixing grinder.

Example 10 Korean soybean meal was ground with a Zet mill to a particle size of 200 mesh (75 μm), 20 g of which was added to 30 g.
8 with 33 ml% hydrogen peroxide (5% v / v) and 167 ml water
Bleaching was carried out by cooling under reflux at 0 ° C for 50 minutes. After the bleached soybean meal solution was widely frozen on the wall of the round bottom flask,
After freeze-drying for an hour, a dry powder was obtained. The pressure before using the freeze dryer is 30 μHg, and the pressure after using for 30 minutes is 100
It was μHg. Spray-dried soybean meal powder, soybean meal 24
%, Fat (shotting) 9%, whey powder 55%,
Minerals (calcium, phosphorus, sodium, etc.) / Vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D ₃ , vitamin E, vitamin C) 8%, fibrin 0.3% and water 4% And mixed using a mixing crusher.

Example 11 Korean soybean meal was ground to a particle size of 200 mesh (75 μm).
) Was added to the reactor together with 300 ml of methanol, and chlorine gas dewatered was injected at 20 ml / min while stirring for 1 hour for bleaching. Then, compressed air (or nitrogen gas) for 30 minutes
To remove residual chlorine. The bleaching solution was filtered, dried at room temperature for 24 hours, and then ground into powder using a grinder. Spray dried soybean meal powder, soybean meal 24%, fat (palm oil) 9%, whey powder 55%, minerals (calcium, phosphorus, sodium, etc.) / Vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D ₃ , vitamin E, vitamins) C) Each nutrient was added so as to have a ratio of 8%, fibrin 0.3% and water 4%, and mixed using a mixing and grinding machine.

Example 12 Korean soybean meal was ground to a particle size of 200 mesh (75 μm).
), Take 100g of this and 30%
80 with hydrogen peroxide 83 ml (5% v / v) and water 417 ml
It was refluxed and cooled at 50 ° C. for 50 minutes for bleaching, and then filtered and dried. 100 g of powder dried and crushed in air at room temperature is mixed with 500 g of water, 36 g of fat (shotting) is added, and the mixture is stirred and melted at 45 ° C. until it becomes transparent. The mixture was stirred at 0 ° C., 0.9 g of an emulsifier was added, and the mixture was stirred at a temperature of 45 ° C. for 15 minutes so as to emulsify and then passed through a homogenizer. After homogenization, spray drying was performed using a spray dryer. Spray-dried soybean meal powder, soybean meal 33%, whey powder 55%, minerals (calcium,
Phosphorus, sodium) / vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D ₃ , vitamin E, vitamin C) 8%, fibrin 0.3%
And each nutrient was added so that the water content was 4%, and mixed using a mixing and pulverizing machine.

Example 13 Korean soybean meal was ground to a particle size of 200 mesh (75 μm).
) Was added to the reactor together with 300 ml of ethyl ether, and chlorine gas from which water had been removed was injected at 20 ml / min while stirring for 1 hour for bleaching. Then, it was washed with compressed air (or nitrogen gas) for 30 minutes to remove residual chlorine. The bleaching solution was filtered, dried at room temperature for 24 hours, and then ground into powder using a grinder. Spray-dried soybean meal powder, soybean meal 33%, fat (palm oil) 9% and whey powder 55%, minerals (calcium, phosphorus, sodium, etc.), vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin D ₃ , vitamin E, vitamin) 8)
%, Fibrin 0.3% and water content 4%, and the respective nutrients were added and mixed using a mixing and crushing machine.

Example 14 Korean soybean meal was ground to a particle size of 200 mesh (75 μm).
), Take 30 g of this and add 30
0 ml was added, the pH was adjusted to 11 with NaOH solution, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour for hydrolysis. Bleaching was performed by stirring for 1 hour while injecting 20 ml / min of chlorine gas from which water was removed after hydrolysis. Then, compressed air (or nitrogen gas) for 30 minutes
To remove residual chlorine. 2,000 rpm
The solid content obtained by centrifuging for 20 minutes at room temperature in air at room temperature
After drying for 0 minutes, it was ground into a powder. To the dried and pulverized soybean meal, each nutrient was added so that the proportions of soybean meal 27%, whey powder 62% and fat (coconut) 11% were added and mixed using a mixing and pulverizing machine.

Example 15 Korean soybean meal was ground to a particle size of 200 mesh (75 μm).
), Take 100 g of this and add water 1,
Bleaching was carried out by adding chlorine dioxide gas to the reactor together with 000 ml and stirring for 1 hour. After bleaching 2,
Centrifuge at 000 rpm for 20 minutes. The solid content obtained after centrifugation was dried in air at room temperature and then pulverized into powder. Each nutrient was added to the crushed soybean meal so that the ratio of soybean meal 27%, whey powder 62%, and fat (animal oil) 11% was added and mixed using a mixing and pulverizing machine.

[0029]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The milk powder substitute obtained by the method of the present invention not only has various problems due to the hue, odor and solubility of conventional soybean meal, as shown in Table 1 below. , It is also very economically advantageous because it uses soybean meal which is excellent in nutrition and is particularly cheap compared to soybeans.

[0030]

[Table 1]

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A process comprising: a) crushing soybean meal, b) bleaching and drying crushed soybean meal, and c) adding and mixing various nutrients required for bleached and dried soybean meal. A method for producing a milk powder substitute, comprising: 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the crushing in step a) is selected from a cutting method, a crushing method using a roller mill, a shearing method in which cutting and crushing are simultaneously performed, and an impact crushing method using a hammer mill or a Zet mill. Method. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bleaching in step b) is carried out at 50 ° C. to 80 ° C. using a bleaching agent selected from chlorine gas, hydrogen peroxide, chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite. . 4. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the drying in step b) is performed by a spray drying method, a freeze drying method, a filtration method or a centrifugation method. 5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient added in step c) is selected from whey powder, fat, minerals, vitamins, fibrin, and mixtures thereof. 6. The whole amount of the nutrient is added to the dried final product at once, or the fat is first mixed and spray-dried before the spray-drying, and then the remaining nutrients are added and mixed. 5. The manufacturing method according to 5. 7. A step of finely crushing the milk powder substitute produced in step c), a step of adding an emulsifier to a colloidal state, a step of homogenizing in a state of being dissolved in water by a homogenizer,
The production method according to claim 1, wherein an additional processing step selected from a step of hydrolyzing at a pH of 9 to 11 under an alkaline catalyst and a step of coating soybean meal with fat is performed.