JPH0720861A - Automatic playing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To assist the singing of a singer and enables the singer to freely sing a song by automatically playing a melody part which is not automatically played so far if the pitch of the singing deviates from the correct pitch when the singer sings the melody part according to an automatically played accompaniment part. CONSTITUTION:A microcomputer 201 performs musical tone generating operation and automatic playing operation by reading automatic musical performance data on the melody part and accompaniment part for an automatic musical performance out of an automatic musical performance memory 207. For 'KARAOKE', the singing pitch of the singer is extracted and the nearest pitch name corresponding to the pitch is found. Then, the pitch name is compared with the pitch name of the melody part of the automatic musical performance data and if the melody pitch of the singer deviates from the correct pitch and both the pitch names are, for example, different by a half tone or more from each other, the melody part of the automatic playing device which is not automatically played so far is sounded for a certain time, e.g. a period of one measure from the next note.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance apparatus in which a singer sings a melody part which is not emitted, in accordance with an accompaniment part of a music composed of a melody part and an accompaniment part.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the problems to be solved by the invention
Only the accompaniment part of the music composed of the melody part and the accompaniment part is emitted, and the singer sings the melody part according to the accompaniment part that is emitted, in the case of so-called "karaoke", the melody of the singer sings The pitch may deviate from the correct pitch. However, conventionally, there is no device that supports the singer so that the singer can sing the melody part at the correct pitch in such a case.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic performance device which, when a melody sung by a singer deviates from a correct pitch, emits a melody having a correct pitch and supports the singer's singing. Is to realize.

[0004]

The present invention firstly has an automatic performance data storage means for storing a plurality of automatic performance data corresponding to a plurality of parts constituting a music piece, for example, a melody part and an accompaniment part.

Next, it has an automatic performance means for reading a plurality of automatic performance data from the automatic performance data storage means and executing an automatic performance. And, it has a control means for controlling the automatic performance means so as to stop the automatic performance of a predetermined part of the plurality of parts.

Further, it has an acoustic signal input means for inputting an acoustic signal, for example, a voice signal from a microphone. Next, it has a pitch extraction means for extracting the pitch of the acoustic signal input from the acoustic signal input means.

Then, it has a pitch comparing means for comparing the pitch extracted by the pitch extracting means with the pitch indicated by the automatic performance data of a predetermined part. Further, when it is determined by the pitch comparison means that the pitch extracted by the pitch extraction means and the pitch indicated by the automatic performance data of the predetermined part do not match, the operation of the control means is prohibited and it is determined that they match. In the case of being caused, it has a prohibited operation control means for canceling the prohibition of the operation of the control means.

When it is determined that both pitches do not match, the means executes the automatic performance of a predetermined part whose automatic performance has been stopped by the control means, and determines that both pitches match. In this case, the control means stops the automatic performance of the predetermined part.

[0009]

The pitch of the acoustic signal, for example, the audio signal input from the acoustic signal inputting means is extracted by the pitch extracting means, and the pitch is automatically detected by the pitch comparing means from a predetermined part of the plurality of parts constituting the music. The pitch is compared with the performance data. Then, as a result of the comparison, when it is determined that both pitches do not match, the automatic performance of the predetermined part stopped by the control means is executed. For example, in the case of "Karaoke", when the pitch of the melody part sung by the singer deviates from the correct pitch and does not match the pitch of the melody part of the automatic performance data, the melody part which is the predetermined part where the automatic performance has been stopped until then. Is played to assist the singer.

When both pitches are judged to be "matched", the automatic performance of the predetermined part, in the above example the melody part, is stopped and the original "karaoke" state is restored.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an automatic musical instrument in an electronic keyboard instrument will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

<Outline of the Present Embodiment> In an automatic performance device for automatically playing a musical composition consisting of a melody part and an accompaniment part, the user (singer) is synchronized with the accompaniment part to be automatically played, without emitting a melody. When performing a so-called "karaoke" in which a melody is sung, the pitch (frequency) of the singing voice of the singer is extracted, and the closest pitch name corresponding to that pitch is obtained.

Next, the pitch name is compared with the pitch name of the melody part of the automatic performance data, and the pitch of the melody sung by the singer deviates from the correct pitch. If they are different, a certain time from the next note,
For example, by singing a melody part of the automatic performance device according to the present invention which has not been automatically played until now for one bar, the singing of the singer is supported. <Structure of Embodiment of the Present Invention> FIG. 1 is an external view of a part of the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the present invention is realized as an automatic performance device in an electronic keyboard instrument having a keyboard section 101, and a power switch 102, a demonstration switch (hereinafter referred to as a DEMO switch) on the keyboard section 101. 103) and a karaoke switch 104, and a microphone 105 is connected.

Next, FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. The microcomputer 201 is based on a control program stored in a ROM (Read Only Memory) 202 incorporated therein, and a RAM (Random mA) incorporated therein.
DEMO switch 10 used for a demo performance in which a melody part and an accompaniment part for one tune are automatically played while operating while using ccess Memoy) 203 as a work memory.
3. The karaoke switch 104 used for "karaoke" in which only the accompaniment part is automatically played, the other switches 106, and the keyboard section 101 are scanned to capture the operation states of the switches and keys, and automatically from the automatic performance memory 207. The automatic performance data of the melody part and accompaniment part for performance is read out, and the musical tone generation operation and the automatic performance operation are performed.

The tone waveform data generated within each sampling period is RAM 203 based on the latch signal COM.
After being latched by the first latch 204 from the accumulation register R in the above, it is latched by the second latch 205 based on the interrupt signal INT which is accurately synchronized with the sampling cycle, and the D / A converter incorporated in the microcomputer 201. It is output to 206.

The above-mentioned musical tone waveform data is obtained by the D / A converter 2.
At 06, it is converted into an analog tone waveform signal, the signal is shaped by a low pass filter (LPF) 208, then amplified by an amplifier 209, and a tone is emitted from a speaker 210.

Next, FIG. 3 shows the configuration contents of the melody part stored in the automatic performance memory 207 and the automatic performance data (pitch data, note length data, etc.) for one song of each accompaniment part. It is a figure. In the figure, the note length data is a value when the note length of the 96th note is “1”,
For example, the note length data “24” of the pitch data C4 indicates quarter notes. <Operation of Embodiment> The operation of this embodiment having the above-described configuration will be described in detail below.

FIG. 4 shows the microcomputer 20 of FIG.
3 is a main operation flowchart showing the overall operation of the control operation executed in 1. This flow is realized as an operation in which the microcomputer 201 executes the control program stored in the ROM 202.

First, when the power of the apparatus is turned on, the contents of the RAM 203 of FIG. 2, the first latch 204 in the microcomputer 201, and the second latch in step S401.
The contents of the latch 205 are initialized, and various registers shown in FIG. 5 are initialized.

After that, each processing of steps S402 to S406 is repeatedly executed. In the function key fetching process of step S402, the setting states of the function keys such as the DEMO switch 103 and the karaoke switch 104 in FIG. 1 are scanned, and the setting states are fetched in the RAM 203 and the like.

In the function key processing of step S403, D
The processing corresponding to the setting of each function key such as the EMO switch 103 and the karaoke switch 104 is executed. In the keyboard loading process of step S404, the keyboard 101 of FIG.
The key-depressed state of is scanned and the key-depressed state is loaded into the RAM 203 or the like.

In the keyboard processing of step S405, necessary sounding control data is set in a sounding control data area (not shown) provided in the RAM 203 of FIG. 2 corresponding to the above-mentioned key depression state.

In various other processes in step S406,
For example, processing for converting the extracted pitch of the singing voice of the singer into a pitch name, which will be described later, and processing for adding various acoustic effects are executed.

FIG. 6 is an operation flowchart of the timer interrupt routine 1 for generating musical tone waveform data. This routine is executed by interrupting the routine of the main operation flowchart of FIG. 4 every time the time corresponding to the sampling period elapses in the hardware timer (not shown) in the microcomputer 201.

In step S601, musical tone waveform data for four sound generation channels is generated. This step S601
Is shown as an operation flowchart of FIG. In FIG. 7, in step S701, the contents of the accumulation register R in the RAM 203 are cleared.

In step S702, based on the sounding control data of the first channel set in the sounding control data area in the RAM 203 in step S405 of the main operation flow chart of FIG. 4 based on the user's keyboard performance or automatic performance operation. A process of generating musical tone waveform data of the sounding channel of the first channel is executed. here,
For example, by reading the automatic performance data stored in the automatic performance memory 207, musical tone waveform data for automatic performance is generated and accumulated in the accumulation register R in the RAM 203.

In step S703, the tone waveform data of the second sound channel is generated based on the sound control data of the second channel set in the sound control data area of the RAM 203 in step S405 of the main operation flowchart of FIG. The processing to generate is executed in the same manner as in the first channel, and the resulting musical tone waveform data is accumulated in the accumulation register R in which the musical tone waveform data of the first channel is stored.

In step S704 and step S705, respectively, 3 based on the tone generation control data of the third channel and the fourth channel set in the tone control data area in the RAM 203 in step S405 of the main operation flowchart of FIG. The process of generating the musical tone waveform data of each tone generation channel of the fourth channel and the fourth channel is executed by the same method as that of the first channel, and the resulting musical tone waveform data are sequentially stored in the accumulation register R. Accumulated.

As the above processing, step S601 in FIG.
Sound source processing is executed. In step S602 of FIG. 6, the latch signal COM is output, so that the RAM
The accumulated values of the tone waveform data of the first to fourth channels obtained in the accumulation register R in 203 are latched in the first latch 204 (FIG. 2) in the microcomputer 201.

Here, since the timing at which the data is latched in the first latch 204 varies within the sampling period depending on the condition of the sound source processing, the accumulated value of the musical tone waveform data latched in the first latch 204 is further The D / A converter 20 is latched by the second latch 205 based on the interrupt signal INT which is accurately synchronized with the sampling cycle.
It is output via 6.

Next, a part of the operation of the function key processing of step S403 of the main operation flowchart of FIG. 4 will be described with reference to the operation flowchart of FIG. First, in step S801, the DEMO switch 10
It is determined whether or not 3 (FIG. 1) is pressed, and if the switch is not pressed, the process directly proceeds to the next step,
If it is pressed, the demo flag D is set in the next step S802.
"1" is written in EMOF.

Continuing, regarding a part of the operation of the function key processing in step S403 of the operation flowchart of FIG.
This will be described with reference to the operation flowchart of FIG. First, in step S901, it is determined whether or not the karaoke switch 104 (FIG. 1) has been pressed. If the switch is not pressed, the process proceeds to the next step, and if it is pressed, the next step S902 is performed. At the step S, "1" is written in the karaoke flag KARAF, and the next step S
At 903, “1” is written in the flag M.

Next, the operation of the timer interrupt routine 2 will be described with reference to the operation flowchart of FIG. This routine is executed by interrupting the routine of the main operation flowchart of FIG. 4 every time the time corresponding to the 96th note length elapses. This 9
The time corresponding to the sixth note length is determined by the set playing tempo, and various time counters described below are counted up at each time corresponding to the 96th note length.

First, in step S1001, it is determined whether the demo flag DEMOF or the karaoke flag KARAF is "1". This step S10
The operation of 01 corresponds to the processing of FIGS. 8 and 9 described above.

If the determination in step S1001 is no, the process proceeds to the next step S1004, and the determination is yes.
In this case, the time count value TM of the note length of the melody is incremented in step S1002 and the time count value TB of the note length of the accompaniment tone is incremented in step S1002 for each time period corresponding to the 96th note length. .

Next steps S1004 to S10
The operation of 05 will be described later. Next, the user
DEMO switch 103 or Karaoke switch 1
An operation when performing a demo performance or karaoke by operating 04 will be described with reference to operation flowcharts of FIGS. 11 and 12.

This operation flowchart is an operation flowchart showing a part of the operation of the function key processing in step S403 of FIG. In FIG. 11, first, step S
At 1101, it is determined whether the demo flag DEMOF or the karaoke flag KARAF is "1". If any of the flags is "1", the determination is YES and the automatic performance is performed, and the process proceeds to step S1102.
In this case, a demo performance will be performed.

Next, at step S1102, the melody event time MET, that is, the note length of the melody is equal to the time count value TM of the melody counted every time the time corresponding to the 96th note elapses, or T
It is determined whether or not it is smaller than M. Here, the initial value of the melody time count value TM is "0", and the initial value of the melody event time MET is "-1" (FIG. 5).
Therefore, the determination is YES, and the next step S11
Go to 03.

In step S1103, the pitch data, which is the event data of the first byte of the predetermined address MAD of the melody part shown in FIG. 3 of the automatic performance memory 207 (FIG. 2), is stored in the melody event ME. In step S1104, the note length data of the second byte at the same address is stored in the melody event time MET.

Then, in step S1105, the address MAD of the melody part is incremented. As described above, the reading of the automatic performance data of the first note (the pitch is C4, the note length is 24, that is, the quarter note) of the melody part of FIG.
At 1108, the musical tone is pronounced.

Next, at step S1106, it is judged if the melody event ME has become "END" shown in FIG. In this case, the melody event ME is still
Since (pitch data) is not "END" in FIG. 3, the determination is NO, and in the next step S1107, it is determined whether or not the karaoke flag KARAF is "1". As described above, the case of performing the demo performance has been described, so the determination in step S1107 is NO. So, in step S1108,
After the pronunciation is instructed based on the melody event data ME (pitch data) obtained in step S1103, the process proceeds to the next step S1121 (FIG. 12).

In step S1121, it is determined whether the accompaniment event time BET, that is, the note length of the accompaniment is equal to or smaller than the accompaniment time count value TB. Since the initial value of the accompaniment time count value TB is "0" and the initial value of the accompaniment event time BET is "-1" (FIG. 5), the determination is YES, and the process proceeds to the next step S1122. move on.

Then, in step S1122, pitch data, which is the event data of the first byte of the predetermined address BAD of the accompaniment part shown in FIG. 3 of the automatic performance memory 207 (FIG. 2), is stored in the accompaniment event BE, In step S1123, the note length data of the second byte at the same address is stored in the accompaniment event time BET.

Then, in step S1124, the accompaniment part address BAD is incremented. As described above, the reading of the automatic performance data of the first note (pitch G3, note length 24, that is, quarter note) of the accompaniment part of FIG. 3 is completed, and the pronunciation of a musical tone is instructed.

Next, at step S1125, it is judged if the accompaniment event BE has become "END" shown in FIG. In this case, since it is not yet "END", the determination is NO, the process goes to the next step S1136 (steps S1136 to S1138 will be described later), and the process returns to the main routine of FIG.

Then, returning again to the operation flowchart of FIG. 11, the same operation as described above is repeated, and step S1
The address MAD of the melody part is incremented in 105, and the address BAD of the accompaniment part is incremented in step S1124, whereby the melody event ME and the accompaniment event BE are sequentially read.

In this way, when the determination in step S1106 is YES, the performance of the melody part is ended, and in the next steps S1113 to S1116, the melody event time MET is set to "-" as initialization processing.
1 ”,“ 0 ”is stored in the melody event ME,“ 0 ”is stored in the time count value TM of the melody, and“ 0 ”is stored in the address MAD of the melody part.

In this way, the performance of the melody part is completed, but the performance of the accompaniment part may remain.
Therefore, in step S1117, it is determined whether or not K = 1 indicating the end of another part (in this case, the accompaniment part). If the performance of the accompaniment part has already ended, the determination is YES, and in that case, since both the melody part and the accompaniment part have ended, step S1
At 118, the demo flag DEMOF is cleared, at the next step S1119, K indicating the performance state of the other part is cleared, and at the next step S113.
Go to 6.

If the determination in step S1117 is NO, it means that the melody part has ended, but the accompaniment part has not ended. Therefore, "1" is stored in K in step S1120.

After that, when the accompaniment part ends, if K = 1, it means that the melody part also ends, and both parts end. next,
Similar to the case of the melody part described above, step S
When the determination at 1125 is YES, the performance of the accompaniment part ends.

Thereafter, in step S1130, it is determined whether the karaoke flag KARAF is "1". In this case, since it is a demo performance, the determination is NO, and in the next step S1131, it is determined whether or not the flag K = 1 indicating the end of the performance of another part (melody part in this case). It

If the determination is YES, the performance of the melody part has ended, so that the demo performance is stopped, so that "0" is written in the demo flag demof in the next step S1132. In step S1131, K
If = 1 is not satisfied, "1" is written in K in the next step S1134, as in step S1120 in the case of the melody part described above.

Note that the determination in step S1130 is YES.
The case will be described later. In the above, the operation until the user presses the DEMO switch 103 to perform the automatic performance of the music and the automatic performance of the music is explained.

The following is a description of the operation of the present invention during karaoke performance. First, FIG. 9 shows step S40 of FIG.
7 is an operation flowchart showing a part of the function key processing of No.

In step S901 of the figure, first,
It is determined whether or not the karaoke switch 104 (FIG. 1) is pressed. If the karaoke switch 104 is not pressed, the process directly proceeds to the next process. If the switch is pressed, the next step S
In 902, "1" is written in the karaoke flag KARAF, and in the next step S903, "1" is written in the flag M.

After this, from step S1101 of FIG. 11 to steps S1102 to S11 as in the case of the above-mentioned demonstration performance.
Go to 06. Since the determination in step S1106 is initially NO, the process proceeds to step S1107.

Next, in step S1107, it is determined whether or not the karaoke flag KARAF is "1". In this case, KARA is determined in step S902 of FIG.
Since "1" is written in F, the determination is YES.
Is. Then, in step S1109, it is determined whether or not the flag M is "1". Also in this case, since “1” is written in M in step S903 of FIG. 9, the determination is YES, and the next step S903.
At 1110, it is determined whether the melody event ME is equal to P in the register described below.

Next, the above P will be described with reference to the operation flowchart of FIG. 13, which is a part of “other various processes” in step S406 of the main operation flowchart of FIG.

In step S1301 of FIG. 13, first, it is determined whether the karaoke flag KARAF is "1". If the determination result is that the karaoke flag KARAF is not "1", the process directly returns to the various processes of step S406 of the main operation flowchart of FIG. If the determination in step S1301 is YES, the pitch of the audio signal input from the microphone 105 of FIG. 1 is extracted in step S1302, and then step S1302.
At 1303, the extracted pitch is converted to the closest note name corresponding to that pitch. For example, A4
The pitch data corresponding to each pitch name is stored in advance in, for example, the ROM of FIG. 2 such that the pitch data of the pitch is 440 Hz.
For example, if the extracted pitch is 445 hertz, then the 445 hertz is 44
Converted to A4 sound with pitch closest to 5 Hz.

Next, in step S1304, the converted note name, for example, A4, is stored in the register P. Next, returning to step S1110 of FIG. 11, if the determination is YES, nothing is done, but if the determination is NO, that is, the pitch of the melody sung by the karaoke singer is the melody of the automatic performance data. If the pitch is different,
“0” is written in the flag M, and the next step S111
In 2, the counter value TF, which is counted each time the 96th note length elapses, is written with “0”.

As a result, at the next step S1109, since M is not "1", the determination in step S1109 is NO, and in step S1108, the melody part which has not been pronounced until now is melody. Instructed to pronounce based on the event ME.

Then, in this case, in step S1004 of the timer interrupt routine 2 of FIG.
It is determined whether or not = 0. In this case, the judgment is YE
Therefore, in the next step S1005, the time count value TF is incremented, and the elapsed time from the time when the pitch of the melody sung by the karaoke singer is different from the pitch of the melody of the automatic performance data. Starts counting.

This elapsed time TF is determined by step S in FIG.
At 1136, counting is performed until TF = 96, that is, until the time corresponding to one bar elapses. Then, when TF = 96, the determination in step S1136 is Y.
The status becomes ES, "1" is written in the flag M, and the register TF is cleared in the next step S1138.

As a result, the determination in step S1109 is Y.
It becomes ES, and the pronunciation of the melody part that has been instructed until now is stopped. In this way, the melody of karaoke is supported to support the singer for a time corresponding to one bar from the time when the pitch of the singing voice of the melody part of the singer does not match the pitch of the melody part of the automatic performance data. The part is sounded.

As described above, when the melody event ME and the accompaniment event BE become "END" in the case of the demonstration performance and in the case of karaoke, both the demo flag DEMOF and the karaoke flag KARAF become "0". The determination in step S1101 of 11 is NO. As a result, from step S1101 to step S113 in FIG.
The performance is stopped because the player exits to 6.

In the above embodiments, for example, in the case of "Karaoke", the melody sung by the singer has been described as a single note. However, the present invention is not limited to a single note, and in the case of a compound note sung by a plurality of singers. Can also be applied.

[0067]

According to the present invention, for example, in an automatic performance device for playing a melody part and an accompaniment part, when a singer sings a melody part in accordance with an automatically performed accompaniment part, the pitch of the singing voice is When the pitch is deviated from the correct pitch, the melody part that has not been automatically played until now is automatically played, and the singer's singing is supported. As a result, the singer can freely enjoy the song.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial external view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of automatic performance data.

FIG. 4 is a main operation flowchart.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing contents of various registers and initial values.

FIG. 6 is an operation flowchart (No. 1) of the timer interrupt routine.

FIG. 7 is an operation flowchart of sound source processing.

FIG. 8 is an operation flowchart (part 1) showing a part of the operation of the function key processing.

FIG. 9 is an operation flowchart (part 2) showing a part of the operation of the function key processing.

FIG. 10 is an operation flowchart (No. 2) of the timer interrupt routine.

FIG. 11 is an operation flowchart (3A) showing a part of the operation of the function key processing.

FIG. 12 is an operation flowchart (part 3B) showing a part of the operation of the function key processing.

FIG. 13 is an operation flowchart showing an operation when converting the extracted pitch into a note name.

[Explanation of symbols]

 101 keyboard section 102 power switch 103 DEMO switch 104 karaoke switch 105 microphone 106 other switches 201 microcomputer 202 ROM 203 RAM 204 first latch 205 second latch 206 D / A converter 207 automatic performance memory 208 low-pass filter 209 amplifier 210 speaker

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim: What is claimed is: 1. Automatic performance data storage means for storing a plurality of automatic performance data corresponding to a plurality of parts constituting a song; and a plurality of automatic performance data read out from the automatic performance data storage means to execute an automatic performance. An automatic performance means for controlling the automatic performance means so as to stop the automatic performance of a predetermined part of the plurality of parts, an acoustic signal input means for inputting an acoustic signal, and an acoustic signal input means Pitch extracting means for extracting the pitch of the input acoustic signal; pitch comparing means for comparing the pitch extracted by the pitch extracting means with the pitch indicated by the automatic performance data of the predetermined part; and the pitch comparing means. It was determined that the pitch extracted by the pitch extraction means and the pitch indicated by the automatic performance data of the predetermined part do not match. In this case, the automatic performance device includes: a prohibition operation control means for prohibiting the operation of the control means, and releasing the prohibition of the operation of the control means when it is determined that they coincide with each other.