JPH07206501A - Spraying material containing shell, shell-containing structure and production of shell-containing structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prepare a space for breeding fry by thickly growing seaweeds and increasing small organisms as a feed for fish and shellfish. CONSTITUTION:This shell-containing spraying material is composed mainly of cement and shell. This shell-containing structure is composed of a concrete structure formed to a prescribed form and a surface layer 13 formed on the surface of the concrete structure and composed of a mixture of cement, shell and at least one kind of component selected from sand, steel fiber, stainless steel fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder, acrylic latex and inorganic pigment. This invention also relates to a process for the production of the shell-containing structure.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a shell-containing spraying material, a shell-containing structure, in which a natural shell is partially used for producing a structure for growing aquatic organisms such as artificial fish reefs and rocks. And a method for manufacturing a shell-containing structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, in the coastal waters of Japan, marine pollution,
Due to global warming, seaweeds are declining nationwide, and the sea urchin phenomenon is seen, and there is no place for spawning seafood or growing fry. In addition, since rivers are protected by concrete blocks, there is no place for water plants, no place for spawning, no place for fry, and no place for fish to hide urgently. This leads to the destruction of the global environment and is a serious problem. As measures against such problems, installation of fish reefs and development of paints on which seaweed grows are being carried out, but none have been successful yet.

Further, for the purpose of preserving the land of Japan, conventionally, the seawall and the shores of rivers have been revetment work surrounded by a wave-dissipating block or a breakwater, on the basis of the idea that they are simply sturdy. However, this damages the natural landscape and results in people being kept away from the sea and rivers, and people becoming inaccessible to water destroys the comfortable environment and causes major social problems. Shore restoration is required.

Furthermore, wave-dissipating blocks, revetment blocks, caissons, which have been conventionally used in the sea, lakes, rivers, etc.
The surface of concrete structures such as breakwaters, fish reefs, and artificial reefs (hereinafter referred to as pseudo rocks) has a smooth surface, and it is difficult for algae to grow and small organisms to adhere to such smooth surfaces.

[0005]

Since the concrete structure in the prior art has a smooth surface, there is a problem that algae are not easily generated on the surface and small organisms are not easily attached to the surface.

[0006] The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and the problem to be solved is to grow algae, increase the number of small organisms serving as food for seafood, and create a place for fry to grow. Another object of the present invention is to provide a shell-containing spray material, a shell-containing structure, and a method for manufacturing a shell-containing structure.

[0007]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, as shell-containing spraying material, in addition to cement and shell, sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass. It is characterized by having at least one kind of fiber, iron powder, acrylic latex, or inorganic pigment.

The shell-containing structure includes concrete structures formed on fish reefs, artificial reefs and the like, sand, steel fibers, stainless fibers, in addition to cement and shells.
It is characterized in that it has at least one kind of carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder, acrylic latex, or inorganic pigment, and comprises a surface layer sprayed on the surface of the concrete structure.

The shell-containing structure is a structure such as a fish reef or an artificial rock reef, which is sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder on the back surface of the formwork in addition to cement and shells. , An acrylic latex, or a material having at least one of inorganic pigments is sprayed, cured, and demolded to form a surface shape to which the back surface shape of the mold is transferred.

The thickness of the sprayed material is preferably 3 to 1000 mm.

Further, the method for producing a shell-containing structure is as follows: sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber in addition to cement and shell on the surface of a concrete structure formed on a fish reef, an artificial reef, etc. A mixed material containing at least one of iron powder, acrylic latex, and an inorganic pigment is sprayed while being mixed with a liquid by a gas to form a porous surface layer.

Further, the shell-containing structure is manufactured by using a metal or alloy wire mesh, non-metal mesh, concrete, wood component, synthetic resin, metal, alloy, rubber, plaster, etc. , Fish reefs, artificial reefs, etc., formed on the back surface of the formwork, in addition to cement and shells,
A mixed material containing at least one of sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder, acrylic latex, or inorganic pigment is sprayed while being mixed with a liquid by a gas, and is removed after curing. It is characterized by forming a surface shape of a fish reef, an artificial reef, etc. by transferring the shape of the back surface of the form after molding.

[Specific Configuration Example] As the cement used for the mixed material, any type of cement may be used. For example, the type of cement does not matter, such as jet cement, early-strength cement, ordinary Portland cement, and blast furnace cement. In particular, jet cement has a short curing time and is easy to install. The shell may be scallops, oysters, clams, clams, clams, and other finely powdered shells. Scallops are actively cultivated in Hokkaido and Aomori prefecture, and it is said that 200,000 tons of shells are discarded as industrial waste every year. The scallop shells do not currently have any effective use, and are causing environmental problems in almost nod state. Moreover, the number of shells will increase as aquaculture continues. Since the specific gravity of the scallop is almost the same as that of natural sand, it can be used in whole or part in place of natural sand. By using scallop shells as a substitute for natural sand in this way, it is possible to save resources and contribute to the prevention of environmental damage, and it is effective not only economically but also socially. . Like scallops, oysters are also actively farmed in Miyagi, Hiroshima, Okayama, etc., but at present there is no effective method of use and they are left in the wild. The specific gravity of oysters is about 75% of that of natural sand, and it can replace natural sand in whole or in part, like scallops. Steel fibers prevent the separation of the sprayed material and serve to improve strength and reinforcement. Although iron content is not clear, it is usually said to be an effective component for growing seaweed, and is not harmful. Iron powder may be used in fish reefs targeting abalone, sea urchin, turban shell, etc. when steel fiber is not suitable. As for the construction method, cement and shell powder, sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder, etc. are premixed with a mixer as appropriate, pneumatically transported in the pipe, and water, acrylic from the tip of the nozzle. System latex is supplied and sprayed.

[0014]

[Function] With this structure, the shell-containing spray material has cement and shell as main components,
By recycling the shells of aquaculture shells that have been thrown away as industrial waste and spraying a mixture of these materials, it becomes easy to generate fine pores and irregularities necessary for the growth of aquatic organisms on the surface.

The shell-containing structure includes sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, and iron powder on the surface of a concrete structure formed on a fish reef, artificial reef, etc., in addition to cement and shells. , Acrylic latex, or by forming a surface layer having at least one kind of inorganic pigment, the structure is made to have high strength, and as a structure for growing aquatic organisms, small organisms such as algae can be used. Increase the surface adhesion rate.

The shell-containing structure is a structure of fish reef, artificial reef, etc., and is sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder on the back surface of the mold in addition to cement and shell. By spraying a material containing at least one of acrylic, acrylic latex, or inorganic pigment to form a surface shape that transfers the shape of the back surface of the mold, mass production of the structure is facilitated and bubbles and irregularities are generated. It becomes possible to manufacture a large amount of structures having a high rate of attachment of small organisms and a high strength.

In these shell-containing structures, if the thickness formed by the mixed material is 3 to 1000 mm, an aquatic organism growing layer having a practical thickness in which a large number of minute holes and irregularities are generated can be obtained. .

In addition, the method for producing a shell-containing structure is as follows: A mixed material mainly composed of cement and shells is sprayed onto a surface of a concrete structure formed on a fish reef, an artificial reef, etc. while being mixed with a liquid by a gas. The formation of the porous surface layer makes it possible to use the shell that was a waste, and the structure for growing aquatic organisms can be easily produced with a small capital investment.

Further, the shell-containing structure is manufactured by using a metal net or non-metal net, concrete, wood component, synthetic resin, metal, alloy, rubber, gypsum, etc. , The surface shape of structures such as fish reefs and artificial rock reefs, and the mixed material consisting mainly of cement and shells is sprayed onto the back surface of the formwork while being mixed with a liquid by gas to transfer the backside shape of the formwork. By removing the mold after curing and forming it into structures such as fish reefs and artificial reefs, it becomes possible to manufacture a large amount of structures that use shells that were waste, and also to form aquatic organisms of the same shape. Make the growing structure mass-produced. The structure manufactured by such a method is made of a spray material and has a thickness of 3-1.
If the inside is hollow when formed to a thickness of 000 mm, cement concrete may be poured into the hollow portion to be made into a heavy material and installed in the sea, lake, river or the like.

[0020]

EXAMPLES In the following examples of the present invention, the case of a fish reef will be described. [Structure of Embodiment] FIGS. 1 to 3 show a fish reef in the first embodiment. Here, the fish reef 11 is a concrete structure 12
And a surface layer 13 covering the surface of the structure.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the concrete structure 12 has a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of circular holes 14 are formed in the side wall of the concrete structure 12 to leave a space inside. Reinforcing reinforcing bars (not shown) are installed inside the concrete.

On the surface (outer surface or inner / outer surface) of the concrete structure 12, as shown in FIG. 1, sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron, in addition to cement and shells. powder,
Acrylic latex (trade name: Polyton, manufactured by Asahi Kasei,
Or, a trade name: JSR Tomac Super, made by Japan Synthetic Rubber, etc.), and a mixed material having at least one kind of inorganic pigment shown in Table 1 with cement and shell powder, sand, steel fiber, The surface layer 13 is formed by appropriately premixing iron powder or the like, pneumatically transporting in the pipe, and supplying water or acrylic latex from the tip of the nozzle and spraying it.

[0022]

[Table 1]

4 to 6 show a fish reef in the second embodiment. Here, the fish reef 15 is a concrete structure 16,
The surface layer 17 covers the upper surface of the structure. The concrete structure 16 has a truncated pyramid shape in the upper half and a cylindrical shape in the lower half, and a reinforcing bar (not shown) is incorporated into the concrete. Two hooks 18 for lifting fish reefs are projected in parallel to the upper end of the concrete structure 16, and the lower end of the hook 18 is connected to the upper end of the central portion of the reinforcing bar incorporated in the concrete. Surface 1
7 is formed by directly spraying onto the concrete structure 16 as in the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 shows a fish reef made of the mixed material in the third embodiment, and FIG. 8 shows a mold for producing the fish reef. As shown in FIG. 7, the fish reef 20 in the third embodiment includes at least sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder, acrylic latex, or inorganic pigment, in addition to cement and shells. It is formed into a thick-walled tubular body having both ends opened, which is made of a mixed material having one of the formulations shown in Table 1. The fish reef 20 is used alone or in combination with other structures.

As the method of forming the fish reef 20 of the third embodiment, a metal net made of metal or alloy, a non-metal net made of synthetic resin, concrete, wood construct,
Form 21 made of synthetic resin, metal, alloy, rubber, plaster, etc.
The back surface of (Fig. 7) is formed into a shape having irregularities and undulations such as a fish reef that resembles rock or coral, and sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber in addition to cement and shells on the formwork 21. , Glass fiber, iron powder, acrylic latex, or an inorganic pigment, which has at least one kind of compounding ingredients shown in Table 1, is premixed as appropriate, pneumatically transported through a pipe, and then from the tip of the nozzle. Water or acrylic latex is supplied, sprayed while being mixed with a liquid, cured, and then released from the mold to form a cylindrical body having the shape of the back surface of the frame transferred to the surface.

As shown in FIG. 8, the mold 21 is formed in a rotary manner, and a supporting member 23 is mounted on a rotary table 22 on which the mold 21 is installed so that the mold 21 can be placed with its central axis aligned. Install. The center of the rotary table 22 is fixed to the shaft of the motor 24, and the motor 24 causes the support table 25 to support the tilt angle of the shaft center so as to be adjustable. In addition, a cover 26 is provided on the central portion (or part of the rear surface) of the rear surface (mixed material spraying side) of the mold 21.
Is installed so that it is possible to pre-coat it so that the mixed material does not adhere to unnecessary portions.

A fish reef 20 which is a structure using a form 21
In order to form, the mold 21 is placed with the central axis aligned with the turntable 22, the cover 26 is attached to the designated position of the mold 21, and the mixed material is discharged from the nozzle 27 toward the back surface of the mold 21. The mold 2 is spouted and then the motor 24 is rotated.
1 is rotated and sprayed uniformly on the back surface of the mold 21. This operation is made to uniformly cover the entire inner surface of the mold 21 with the mixed material, and is repeatedly sprayed until a predetermined thickness is reached. After spraying to a predetermined thickness, the sprayed mixed material is cured, and after curing, the mold is removed to obtain a fish reef 20 made of the mixed material.

[Operation of the Embodiment] The first structure constructed as described above
The fish reefs 11, 15 and 20 in the third to third examples are the surface layer 1.
Innumerable air bubbles and irregularities are generated on 3, 17 or fish reef 20, and spores of algae and other small organisms are easily attached to the surface. After about 3 months, algae grow, and the algae are eaten to eat the algae. Shellfish such as come to come to fish reef 11,15,20. Also, by spraying on the back surface of the formwork, transferring the back surface shape and obtaining a high-strength structure with the surface shape formed, it will not be damaged even if it is hit by a strong wave such as the sea, lake, or river. A high-strength shell-containing structure is obtained.

[Effects of Embodiment] As described above, in the embodiment,
Surface layer 1 by spraying a mixed material containing cement and shells as the main components on the surfaces of concrete structures 12 and 16
By forming 3, 17 or integrally forming the fish reef 20, the surface layer 13, 17 or the fish reef 20 can be formed with a surface on which numerous bubbles and irregularities are formed, and the surface area is also increased. The larger the surface area of the attached substrate, the easier it is for algal spores and other small organisms to attach, and because the rough surface is formed, it becomes difficult for detached organisms to detach, which leads to the growth of small organisms. The environment can be improved.

The concrete structures 12, 16 having the surface layers 13, 17 such as the fish reefs 11, 15 or the fish reefs 20 in the sea,
When submerged in lakes, rivers, etc., the number of small organisms such as algae and phytoplankton attached to the surface increases, and after about three months, the number of bottom organisms in the phytochain can be increased. The place where the algae grow is effective as a feeding ground and a playground for fry, and as the number of small fish increases, the number of parent fish also increases and the productivity of seafood along the coast can be increased. By increasing the algae, the oxygen in the water increases and the water quality can be improved,
By purifying the sea, lakes, rivers, etc., a clean and good environment can be restored, which can contribute to the improvement of the global environment.

[Other Embodiments] These examples are specifically described in order to better understand the gist of the present invention, and do not limit other embodiments unless otherwise specified. Therefore, the structure is not limited to fish reefs as long as it is a structure for growing aquatic organisms. For example, even when it is used as a landscape material such as a simulated reef, it provides a comfortable environment for humans, We can provide training places. Also, when used as a revetment block,
A good environment is obtained for both fish and humans. Furthermore, the structure may be a wave-dissipating block, a caisson, a breakwater, or the like.

[0032]

As described above, in the shell-containing spray material according to the present invention, in addition to cement and shell, sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder, acrylic latex, or inorganic pigment. By having at least one of the above, it is possible to effectively use the shells of aquaculture shellfish that had been discarded as industrial waste, and to recycle the shells as industrial waste,
Moreover, fine pores and irregularities are formed on the surface formed by spraying a mixture of these materials, and a structure effective for growing aquatic organisms can be formed.

In the shell-containing structure, concrete structures formed on fish reefs, artificial reefs, etc. can be used in addition to cement and shells, as well as sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder, acrylic. By forming a surface layer by spraying a material containing at least one of latex or inorganic pigment, the structure can be made to have high strength, and the surface of small organisms such as algae for growing aquatic organisms. The adhesion rate can be increased.

In the shell-containing structure, as structures such as fish reefs and artificial reefs, sand, steel fibers, stainless fibers, carbon fibers, glass fibers, iron powder, in addition to cement and shells on the back surface of the formwork, Occurrence rate of air bubbles and irregularities on the surface due to the structure of the surface of the mold, which was formed by spraying a material containing at least one of acrylic latex or inorganic pigment. It is possible to produce a large amount of a structure having a high water content, and to obtain a large amount of a structure for growing aquatic organisms, such as a fish reef or an artificial reef, which has a high attachment rate of small organisms.

These aquatic organism growing structures have a thickness of 3 to 1000 mm formed by the sprayed material.
In this case, it is possible to obtain an aquatic organism growing layer having a practical thickness in which a large number of minute holes and irregularities are generated.

Further, the shell-containing structure is manufactured by spraying a mixed material containing cement and shells as a main component on a surface of a concrete structure formed on a fish reef or an artificial reef while mixing it with a liquid by a gas. By forming the porous surface layer, the shell that was an industrial waste can be used, and the structure for growing aquatic organisms can be easily manufactured with a small facility investment.

The shell-containing structure is manufactured by using a metal net or non-metal net, concrete, wood construct, synthetic resin, metal, alloy, rubber, etc. It is formed according to the surface shape of the artificial reef, etc., and the mixed material mainly composed of cement and shells is sprayed on the back surface of the mold while mixing it with a liquid by gas, and after curing, it is demolded, and the mold surface By transferring the shape and forming the surface shape of the structure, it is possible to easily produce a large amount of structures with the same shape by making the back surface of the formwork a predetermined surface shape such as fish reef or artificial reef. Therefore, it is possible to mass-produce the same shape of porous high-strength structure for growing aquatic organisms using shells that were industrial wastes.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a concrete structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the concrete structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partial side cross-sectional view showing a mold used in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 11,15,20 Fish reef 12,16 Concrete structure 13,17 Surface layer 18 Hook 21 Formwork 27 Nozzle

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Office reference number FI technical display location C04B 18:04 14:06 Z 14:48 Z 14:38 A 14:42 Z 14:34 24: 26 D 14:02) A

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. In addition to cement and shell, at least one of sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder, acrylic latex, or inorganic pigment is included. Shell-containing spraying material. 2. A concrete structure formed on a fish reef, an artificial reef, etc., in addition to cement and shells, sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder, acrylic latex, or inorganic pigment. A shell-containing structure comprising at least one of the above and a surface layer sprayed on the surface of the concrete structure. 3. As a structure such as a fish reef or an artificial reef, sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder, acrylic latex, or other than cement and shells on the back surface of the formwork, or A shell-containing structure, characterized in that a material having at least one kind of inorganic pigment is sprayed, cured, and demolded to form a shape in which the shape of the back surface of the mold is transferred. 4. The shell-containing structure according to claim 1, wherein the sprayed material has a thickness of 3 to 1000 mm. 5. In addition to cement and shells, sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder, acrylic latex, or on the surface of a concrete structure formed on a fish reef, artificial reef, or the like. A method for producing a shell-containing structure, characterized in that a mixed material containing at least one kind of inorganic pigment is sprayed while being mixed with a liquid by a gas to form a porous surface layer. 6. A fish reef on the back side of a mold made of metal or alloy wire mesh, non-metal mesh, concrete, wood component, synthetic resin, metal, alloy, rubber, gypsum, etc.
At least one of sand, steel fiber, stainless fiber, carbon fiber, glass fiber, iron powder, acrylic latex, or inorganic pigment in addition to cement and shells formed on the surface shape of artificial reef A mixed material that has one type is sprayed while being mixed with a liquid by a gas, cured, and then released from the mold to transfer the surface shape of the backside of the form to the surface shape of structures such as fish reefs and artificial reefs. A method for producing a shell-containing structure, which comprises forming the shell.