JPH07199202A - Ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display element and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain a stable display capacity with high image quality in spite of driving over a long period of time by easily and surely forming a chiral smectic C phase of a ferroelectric liquid crystal or chiral smectic CA phase of an antiferroelectric liquid crystal free from zigzag defects. CONSTITUTION:One or both of a pair of substrates 102 which are arranged oppositely with striped electrodes 101 so as to intersect nearly orthogonally with each other and at least one of which are transparent are provide with oriented films 105 at the time of producing a liquid crystal display element using the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal. Striped partition members 103 are disposed between the striped electrodes of the one substrate 102 in such a manner as to be nearly parallel with the rubbing direction of the oriented films 105 and as to have at least one piece of apertures. A pair of the substrates 102 are adhered to form cell containers and the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal 104 is encapsulated by capillarity via the apertures into the liquid crystal display element body.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device using a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal and a method for manufacturing the same, and particularly to a chiral smectic C phase or an anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal having no zigzag defect. Ferroelectric liquid crystal or anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal display capable of easily and surely forming a chiral smectic C _A phase of a ferroelectric liquid crystal and maintaining a high image quality and stable display ability even if it is driven for a long period of time. The present invention relates to an element and a manufacturing method thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC: Ferroele)
ctric Liquid Crystal) chiral smectic C phase,
Or anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal (AFLC: Anti-Ferroelectr)
ic Liquid Crystal Display) The liquid crystal display device using a chiral smectic C _A phase (Liquid Crystal displa
y: hereinafter collectively referred to as FLCD), STN (Super-
Twisted Nematic), TFT (Thin Film Transistor)
It has been expected as a next-generation liquid crystal display element to replace the above, and the former one has a history of research and technological development over the past 10 years.

These display principles, manufacturing techniques, materials, and various problems associated with them are described in a written document (for example,
"Next-generation liquid crystal displays and liquid crystal materials": Supervision by Atsushi Fukuda: CMC: 1992, "Structure and physical properties of ferroelectric liquid crystals": Fukuda and Takezoe, Corona Publishing: 1992).

According to these, the cell gap of the FLCD panel must be uniform at about 2 μm.

Further, the smectic phase used in the FLCD has no reversible self-healing power of the layer structure, unlike the nematic phase used in the STN and TFT.

Therefore, the panel is required to have a structure excellent in seismic and impact resistance against various impacts and vibrations applied to the panel.

FLCD panels satisfying these requirements have been proposed, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 63-110425 and 64-517.

A brief description of the outline is as follows.

That is, first, a stripe-shaped wall (partition wall member) having a thickness of about the cell gap is formed between the electrodes of the stripe-shaped electrode by the easy-adhesive member.

Next, the upper and lower substrates are bonded by this partition member.

Since this type is completely adhered, the panel itself is not deformed by the pressure from the outside, and the corresponding deformation flow of the liquid crystal layer is not generated. Further, the gap is determined by the height of the partition wall, and can be arbitrarily controlled within several microns.

By the way, another problem in FLCD is how to obtain an alignment state without zigzag defects (also referred to as dendritic defects).

That is, it is almost unavoidable that zigzag defects are generated due to the layer structure having a layer structure specific to the smectic phase called the chevron structure.

4 (a) and 4 (b) are diagrams showing an example of a zigzag defect observed by a polarization microscope in the display section.

4 (a) and 4 (b), 4
Reference numeral 01 is a stripe spacer, 402 is a wedge-shaped zigzag defect, 403 is a linear zigzag defect, and 404 is a liquid crystal.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a chevron structure and zigzag defects.

In FIG. 5, 501 is a liquid crystal molecule, and 502
Indicates a substrate, 503 indicates a smectic C layer surface, and 504 indicates a portion where a zigzag defect occurs.

That is, as shown in FIG.
It is difficult to surely control the direction of the character in one direction in a large area, and there is no choice but to mix domains with different directions. Point 504 where the "ku" character of this boundary faces
However, it is a state called a zigzag defect. And when viewed from above, a straight line 403, a loop (wedge)
Looks like 402.

These zigzag defects 402 and 403 are
It is the root cause of display unevenness, and when driven, it shines as a bright line to lower the contrast and becomes a hotbed for the generation of new zigzag defects. Therefore, it is absolutely necessary to remove it for practical use of FLCD. .

However, no technically easy method for achieving this has been proposed so far.

The above-mentioned document discloses a method in which a liquid crystal has a high pretilt angle by an oblique vapor deposition film of an oxide, but it is not practical for a large-area panel.

Further, although naphthalene type liquid crystal is disclosed as a liquid crystal in which it is theoretically difficult to expect the expression of "K", it is not a material satisfying overall characteristics such as response speed and contrast.

This is a property that naphthalene-based liquid crystals show by chance, and there is no known guideline for synthesizing materials having similar properties.

[0024]

As described above, in the conventional liquid crystal display device, the chiral smectic C phase of the ferroelectric liquid crystal having no zigzag defect or the chiral smectic C _A phase of the antiferroelectric liquid crystal is formed. There was a problem that it was difficult to do.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and is a chiral smectic C phase of a ferroelectric liquid crystal having no zigzag defects or a chiral smectic C _A phase of an antiferroelectric liquid crystal. A highly reliable ferroelectric liquid crystal or anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal display element capable of easily and surely forming a liquid crystal and maintaining a high image quality and stable display ability even after driving for a long time, and a method for manufacturing the same. The purpose is to provide.

[0026]

In order to achieve the above object, first, in the invention according to claim 1, in a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device using a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, An alignment film is provided on one or both of a pair of transparent substrates, at least one of which is arranged so that the striped electrodes are substantially orthogonal to each other, and at least one is provided so as to be substantially parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment film. A striped partition member is provided between the striped electrodes of one substrate so as to have an opening, and a pair of substrates are adhered to form a cell container, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric layer is formed through the opening. Liquid crystal is enclosed in a cell container by a capillary phenomenon.

Here, in particular, by using a cell container having one opening as the above-mentioned cell container and heating the inner region and the outside of the cell container to an isotropic phase transition temperature while keeping a constant depressurized state, the ferroelectric property is improved. Liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal is sealed in the cell container by a capillary phenomenon.

The atmosphere inside and outside the cell container is set to 10 ^-1.
Ferroelectric liquid crystal or anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal is sealed while maintaining a reduced pressure below Torr.

Furthermore, at least one cell container is used.
A cell container having individual openings is used to fill in the isotropic phase temperature range of the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal.

On the other hand, the ferroelectric liquid crystal or anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal display element of the invention according to claim 5 is manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

[0031]

Therefore, in the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display element and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention, the inner region of the cell container and the outer portion are heated to the isotropic phase transition temperature while maintaining a constant depressurized state. The ferroelectric liquid crystal or the anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal in the liquid crystal filling port penetrates into the cell container by the capillary phenomenon even if there is no differential pressure inside and outside the cell container.

At this time, unlike the case where the liquid crystal is forcibly permeated by utilizing the differential pressure, the liquid crystal molecules are spontaneously permeated by the capillary phenomenon, so that the conformation of the liquid crystal molecules on the alignment film is extremely natural. It is carried out in the form of a layer, and even if the temperature is lowered to the smectic phase temperature, the layer is not distorted.

Further, since the permeation direction is aligned with the rubbing direction by the stripe-shaped partition wall member, turbulence or meandering does not occur in the flow of liquid crystal during permeation, so that the cause of distortion is further reduced.

Therefore, even if the liquid crystal is cooled from the isotropic phase, the interference in the liquid crystal layer is limited to the mutually independent tunnels and does not have a bad influence on the whole, so that the occurrence of zigzag defects is significantly reduced.

As a result, the chiral smectic C phase of the ferroelectric liquid crystal having no zigzag defect or the chiral smectic C _A of the antiferroelectric liquid crystal can be formed easily and surely, and even if it is driven for a long period of time, it is high. It is possible to obtain a ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display device that maintains a stable display capability in image quality.

[0036]

The present invention relates to the correlation between the encapsulation temperature (phase state) and the encapsulation speed and the zigzag defect occurrence when encapsulating the ferroelectric liquid crystal or the antiferroelectric liquid crystal in the liquid crystal display device having the above-described structure. It was found in the investigation.

That is, according to the present invention, at the time of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device using a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, at least one of the stripe-shaped electrodes arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal to each other is transparent. An alignment film is provided on one or both of the pair of substrates, and stripes are formed between the striped electrodes on one of the substrates so as to be substantially parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment film and to have at least one opening. A partition member is provided, a pair of substrates are adhered to form a cell container, and the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal is sealed in the cell container by a capillary phenomenon through the opening.

More specifically, the inside area of the cell container and the outside thereof are kept in a depressurized state (the atmosphere inside and outside the cell container is 10 ^-1).
A ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal is sealed by heating to an isotropic phase transition temperature while keeping a reduced pressure state of less than Torr), and a sealing operation is performed. The liquid crystal display device is an encapsulation method characterized in that the phase state is an isotropic phase, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal is encapsulated by this method.

An embodiment of the present invention based on the above concept will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a structural example of a ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display element according to the present invention.

That is, in the ferroelectric liquid crystal or anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal display element of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, at least one of the ITO electrodes 101 in stripes is arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal to each other. The alignment film 105 is provided on both of the pair of transparent glass substrates 102.
A pair of glass substrates, a resist spacer 103, which is a stripe-shaped partition member, is provided between the ITO electrodes 101 in a stripe shape on one glass substrate 102 so as to have one opening so as to be substantially parallel to the rubbing direction. Board 1
02 is adhered to form a cell container, and the ferroelectric liquid crystal or the antiferroelectric liquid crystal 104 is sealed in the cell container by the capillary phenomenon through the opening.

Here, the method of forming the resist spacer 103, which is a partition member, is appropriately selected from, for example, the photolithography method and the printing method.

As the material, for example, various resist materials capable of patterning can be used.

Further, a part of the outer seal part is provided with an opening serving as a liquid crystal sealing port, and the ferroelectric liquid crystal or the antiferroelectric liquid crystal 104 is made to permeate into the inside from this opening.

Next, a method of manufacturing the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display device of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

Normally, the ferroelectric liquid crystal or the anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal is sealed by installing the cell container in an exhaust device so that the inside of the cell container is sufficiently exhausted from the opening and then the opening is made to be ferroelectric. Block with liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal.

Then, the pressure outside the cell container is increased,
Apply a differential pressure to the liquid crystal. In this way, the liquid crystal permeates into the cell container, and the permeation rate can be controlled by adjusting the differential pressure and temperature at this time.

That is, first, as shown in FIG. 2, an alignment film 105 is provided on both of a pair of transparent glass substrates 102, at least one of which is arranged so that the stripe-shaped ITO electrodes 101 are substantially orthogonal to each other. .

Next, a striped partition wall member is provided between the striped ITO electrodes 101 of one glass substrate 102 so as to have one opening 201 so as to be substantially parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment film 105. A resist spacer 103 is provided, and a pair of glass substrates 102 is bonded to form a cell container 202.

Thereafter, by heating the inner region and the outside of the cell container 202 to the isotropic phase transition temperature while maintaining a constant depressurized state, the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal 104 is discharged through the opening 201. Cell container 20 due to capillary phenomenon
Enclose inside 2.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 203 denotes an end sealing portion, 20
Reference numerals 4 respectively indicate the display areas.

In this case, in the structure shown in FIG. 2, the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal 104 is the resist spacer 103 which is a partition wall formed between the stripe-shaped ITO electrodes 101, so that the liquid crystal 104 is formed. Is a straight tunnel, and the liquid crystal 104 goes straight through the tunnel.

Then, by permeating the inside of this tunnel at a certain critical velocity Vc determined by the enclosing temperature,
Zigzag defects can be completely removed from the entire surface of the device.

That is, when the rubbing direction is the same as the permeating direction of the liquid crystal 104, accumulation of strain due to turbulent liquid crystal flow or meandering skew, and the alignment film 1 of the history thereof.
This is because there is no memory for 05.

Here, the critical permeation rate Vc is approximately the liquid crystal 1
Equivalent to the equilibrium rate at which no pressure differential is applied to 04, causing pure capillary penetration. This critical permeation rate Vc depends on the orientation film 105 used, but is approximately 1.degree. C. above the isotropic phase-chiral nematic phase transition temperature Tc.
It was about 5 cm / hour.

On the other hand, on the contrary, even if the temperature is lowered and the particles are permeated in the chiral nematic phase, the zigzag defect does not occur at the critical permeation rate Vc, but the critical permeation rate Vc becomes several times slower and only takes time. So there was no remarkable effect.

Further, the inside of the glass substrate 102 is set to 10 ⁻³ To.
rr, the critical permeation rate when atmospheric pressure is 3c
It was about m / hour.

Further, when a differential pressure was applied and the permeation rate was made faster than the critical permeation rate Vc, zigzag defects began to occur.

In the case of permeating by the capillary phenomenon,
The area where the liquid crystal 104 is to be sealed needs to be connected to the outside, and another opening other than the sealing port is required. That is, this is to prevent the residual air inside from interfering with the permeation when the inside and outside pressures are not kept in a uniform reduced pressure state. However, if the liquid crystal leaks out from this or if the seal is not perfect, the chances of permeation of water and the like increase, so it is desirable to make the opening as narrow as possible.

In this case, the inside of the cell container 202 is evacuated in the evacuation tank, and the opening 201 serving as a sealing port for the liquid crystal 104 is formed.
However, it is necessary to cover the inside and outside of the cell container 202 at a constant depressurized state of 10 ^-1 Torr or less without increasing the pressure outside the cell container 202, and the temperature is equal to or higher than the isotropic phase-chiral nematic phase transition temperature Tc. By keeping it in the vicinity, it was possible to enclose it in the A3 size display element only by the capillary phenomenon.

As described above, when the inside region and the outside of the cell container 202 are heated to the isotropic phase transition temperature while being kept in a constant depressurized state, the liquid crystal 104 in the opening 201 does not have a differential pressure inside and outside the cell container 202. , The cell container 20 by capillarity
2 penetrates inside.

In this encapsulation method, unlike the case where the liquid crystal 104 is forcibly permeated by utilizing the differential pressure, the liquid crystal 104 spontaneously permeates due to the capillary phenomenon, so that the conformation of the liquid crystal molecules on the alignment film 105 is performed. Is carried out in a very natural manner and does not cause distortion of the layer even at the smectic phase temperature.

Further, if the permeation direction is aligned with the rubbing direction by the resist spacers 103, which are stripe-shaped partition walls, turbulence or meandering does not occur in the flow of the liquid crystal 104 during permeation, so that the cause of distortion is further reduced.

Therefore, even if the liquid crystal layer is cooled from the isotropic phase, the interference inside the liquid crystal layer is limited to the inside of the mutually independent tunnels and does not have a bad influence on the whole, so that the occurrence of zigzag defects is significantly reduced.

Next, a more specific example of the method of manufacturing the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display device of this embodiment will be described.

(Specific Example 1) As the material of the alignment film 105, HL1110 of Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., and as the ferroelectric liquid crystal 104, CS1013 of Chisso Corporation (isotropic phase ← 80 degrees Celsius →
Chiral nematic ← 70 degrees Celsius → smectic A ← 63 degrees Celsius → chiral smectic C) was used.

The alignment film 105 is made of ITO (Indium Tin Oxi).
It was obtained by spin coating HL1110 on a glass substrate 102 with a de) and firing at 180 ° C. for 1 hour.
Then, this was rubbed to impart liquid crystal orientation.

The resist spacer 103 is formed on the alignment film 105 by using MP-S manufactured by Shipley Far East Co., Ltd.
It was obtained by spin-coating a 1400-25 positive resist on a glass substrate and forming a 2 μm-thick stripe pattern by photolithography. The stripe direction was set to be substantially parallel to the rubbing direction.

A resist spacer 103 was provided on the alignment film 105. The glass substrate 102 with ITO and the glass substrate 102 with ITO provided only with the alignment film 105 were opposed to each other so that the rubbing directions were substantially parallel.

Then, the glass substrates 102 were adhered to each other by utilizing atmospheric pressure and heated in that state at 170 ° C. for about 1 hour to adhere the glass substrates 102 to each other.

After the bonding, the end portion of the glass substrate 102 excluding the opening 201 is fixed to the epoxy adhesive Chisso Corporation LIXO.
After sealing with N BOND, a liquid crystal display device having a structure as shown in FIG. 1 was obtained.

CS1013 was placed in the opening 201, depressurized to 10 ^-3 Torr in a vacuum oven, and left for about 1 hour.

Then, this is set to 80 ° C. which is the isotropic phase temperature.
The liquid crystal 104 was permeated into the cell container 202 by the capillary phenomenon by heating it once. In this case, the speed at which the liquid crystal 104 permeates into the cell container 202 is 1 to 1.5 per hour.
It was cm.

After the liquid crystal 104 permeated to the end of the cell container 202, the pressure was returned to normal pressure, and the temperature was gradually cooled to room temperature.

As a result of observing the liquid crystal display device thus completed, a uniform alignment state free of zigzag defects was realized.

(Specific Example 2) According to the method of Specific Example 1 described above, as ferroelectric liquid crystal 104, CS10 CS10 Co., Ltd. was used.
A liquid crystal display device was manufactured using 14 (isotropic phase ← 80 degrees Celsius → chiral nematic ← 70 degrees Celsius → smectic A ← 54 degrees Celsius → chiral smectic C). In this case, the encapsulation temperature was 80 degrees Celsius, which is an isotropic phase temperature.

As a result of observing the liquid crystal display device thus completed, a uniform alignment state without zigzag defects was realized.

(Specific Example 3) A liquid crystal display element was manufactured by using MHPOBC as the antiferroelectric liquid crystal 104, following the method of Specific Example 1 described above. Antiferroelectric liquid crystal MHPO
The structural formula of BC is shown in FIG.

In this case, the encapsulation temperature was 150 ° C., which is the isotropic phase temperature of MHPOBC.

As a result of observing the liquid crystal display device thus completed, a uniform alignment state without zigzag defects was realized.

(Comparative Example 1) As a ferroelectric liquid crystal 104, CS10 CS10 Co.
A liquid crystal display element was produced using No. 13.

However, when the ferroelectric liquid crystal 104 was filled, the atmosphere was introduced into the vacuum oven to utilize the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the liquid crystal display element body. The pressure difference is about 1 atmosphere. The liquid crystal 104 is filled at a rate of about 3c per hour.
It was m.

When the liquid crystal display device thus completed was observed, zigzag defects were found in various places.

(Comparative Example 2) According to the method of Specific Example 2 described above, CS10 CS10 Co., Ltd. was used as the ferroelectric liquid crystal 104.
A liquid crystal display element was manufactured using No. 14.

However, when the ferroelectric liquid crystal 104 was sealed, the atmosphere was introduced into the vacuum oven to utilize the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cell container 202. The pressure difference is about 1 atmosphere.

When the liquid crystal display device thus completed was observed, zigzag defects were found in various places.

Comparative Example 3 A liquid crystal display element was manufactured by using MHPOBC as the antiferroelectric liquid crystal 104, following the method of the above-mentioned specific example 3.

In this case, the sealing temperature is MHPOBC.
Of the isotropic phase temperature of 150 degrees Celsius,
Atmosphere was introduced into the vacuum oven to utilize the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cell container 202. The pressure difference is about 1 atmosphere.

When the liquid crystal display device thus completed was observed, zigzag defects were found in various places.

As described above, in this embodiment, when manufacturing the liquid crystal display device using the ferroelectric liquid crystal or the antiferroelectric liquid crystal, the liquid crystal display device using the ferroelectric liquid crystal or the antiferroelectric liquid crystal is used. Stripe IT when manufacturing
An alignment film 105 is provided on both of a pair of glass substrates 102, at least one of which is opposed to each other so that the O electrodes 101 are substantially orthogonal to each other. Next, the alignment film 105 is arranged to be substantially parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment film 105. The stripe-shaped I on one glass substrate 102 so as to have one opening 201.
A resist spacer 103, which is a stripe-shaped partition wall member, is provided between the TO electrodes 101, a pair of glass substrates 102 are adhered to form a cell container 202, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal is formed through an opening 201. 104 is sealed in the cell container 202 by a capillary phenomenon.

Therefore, since the inner region and the outside of the cell container 202 are heated to the isotropic phase transition temperature while maintaining a constant depressurized state, the ferroelectric liquid crystal or the antiferroelectric liquid crystal 104 in the opening 201 is heated.
Penetrates into the liquid crystal display element body due to a capillary phenomenon even if there is no pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cell container 202.

At this time, unlike the case where the liquid crystal is forcibly permeated by using the differential pressure, the liquid crystal molecules are spontaneously permeated by the capillary phenomenon, so that the conformation of the liquid crystal molecules on the alignment film is extremely natural. It is carried out in the form of a layer, and even if the temperature is lowered to the smectic phase temperature, the layer is not distorted.

Further, since the permeation direction is aligned with the rubbing direction by the resist spacers 103, which are stripe-shaped partition walls, turbulence or meandering does not occur in the liquid crystal flow during permeation.
The cause of the distortion is further reduced.

Therefore, even if the liquid crystal is cooled from the isotropic phase, the interference in the liquid crystal layer is limited to the inside of the mutually independent tunnels and has no adverse effect on the whole, so that the occurrence of zigzag defects is significantly reduced.

This makes it possible to form a chiral smectic C phase of a ferroelectric liquid crystal having almost no zigzag defects or a chiral smectic C _A phase of an antiferroelectric liquid crystal.

Therefore, it is possible to obtain a highly reliable ferroelectric and antiferroelectric liquid crystal display element capable of maintaining a high image quality and stable display performance even after being driven for a long period of time.

On the other hand, the atmosphere inside and outside the cell container 202 is set to 10
^{Since the} ferroelectric liquid crystal or the anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal 104 is sealed while keeping the reduced pressure of ^-1 Torr or less, the air in the cell container 202 can be completely degassed.

Further, since the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal 104 is sealed in the isotropic phase temperature range of the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal 104, the liquid crystal 10
It is possible to reduce the viscosity of No. 4.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be implemented in the same manner as described below.

(A) In the above embodiment, as the cell container,
Although the case of using the cell container 202 having one opening has been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and a cell container having two or more openings may be used as the cell container.

In this case, the atmosphere inside and outside the cell container is set to 1
The ferroelectric liquid crystal or the anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal can be enclosed without maintaining a reduced pressure state of 0 ⁻¹ Torr or less.

(B) In the above embodiment, the case where the cell container 202 is made of glass has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the cell container 202 may be made of, for example, transparent plastic.

(C) In the above embodiment, the case where the alignment film 105 is provided on both of the pair of glass substrates 102 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the alignment film 105 is provided only on one of the pair of glass substrates 102. It may be provided.

In addition, the present invention can be variously modified and implemented within the scope of the invention.

[0105]

As described above, according to the present invention, when a liquid crystal display device using a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal is manufactured, the striped electrodes are opposed to each other so that they are substantially orthogonal to each other. An alignment film is provided on one or both of a pair of substrates, at least one of which is transparent, and the stripes of one substrate are arranged so as to be substantially parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment film and have at least one opening. A stripe-shaped partition wall member is provided between the electrodes, and a pair of substrates are adhered to form a cell container, and the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal is sealed in the cell container through the opening by a capillary phenomenon. Since a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal display device is manufactured by the above method, a chiral smectic C phase of a ferroelectric liquid crystal having no zigzag defect or a coating of an anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal is produced. Lal smectic C _A phase can be formed in simple and reliable drive and high quality in a stable display capability can be held extremely reliable ferroelectric liquid crystal or anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal display even for a long time An element and a manufacturing method thereof can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method of manufacturing the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display device of the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a structural formula of an antiferroelectric liquid crystal MHPOBC used in the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display element of the same embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a state of a zigzag defect observed by a polarization microscope on a display unit.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a state of a chevron structure and a zigzag defect.

[Explanation of symbols]

101 ... ITO electrode, 102 ... Glass substrate, 103 ... Resist spacer, 104 ... Liquid crystal, 105 ... Alignment film, 2
02 ... Cell container, 203 ... End sealing part, 204 ... Display area, 401 ... Stripe spacer, 402 ... Wedge zigzag defect, 403 ... Linear zigzag defect, 404 ...
Liquid crystal, 501 ... Liquid crystal molecule, 502 ... Substrate, 503 ... Smectic C layer surface, 504 ... Place where zigzag defect is generated.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device using a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, wherein a pair of substrates in which stripe-shaped electrodes are arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal to each other and at least one of which is transparent. An alignment film is provided on one or both of the two, and striped partition members are provided between the striped electrodes of the one substrate so as to be substantially parallel to the rubbing direction of the alignment film and to have at least one opening. A cell container is formed by bonding the pair of substrates, and the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal is sealed in the cell container by a capillary phenomenon through the opening. Method of manufacturing ferroelectric liquid crystal or anti-ferroelectric liquid crystal display device. 2. A cell container having one opening is used as the cell container, and the inner region and the outside of the cell container are heated to an isotropic phase transition temperature in a state of equal pressure reduction,
2. The method for manufacturing a ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal is sealed inside the cell container by a capillary phenomenon. . 3. The atmosphere inside and outside the cell container is set to 10 ⁻¹ To.
The ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal is enclosed while maintaining a reduced pressure state of rr or less. Display element manufacturing method. 4. A cell container having at least one opening is used as the cell container, and the cell container is filled in an isotropic phase temperature range of a ferroelectric liquid crystal or an antiferroelectric liquid crystal. Item 3. A method of manufacturing a ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display element according to item 1. 5. A ferroelectric liquid crystal or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display element manufactured by the manufacturing method according to claim 1. Description: