JPH0716945Y2 - Fluid switching valve - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial field of application) The present invention relates to a fluid switching valve used in a construction machine or the like.

(Prior Art) For example, in the hydraulic excavator shown in FIG. 13, a hydraulic motor 19 for rotating the upper revolving structure 12 with respect to the lower traveling structure 11 and an upper revolving structure 12 as working system actuators. A hydraulic cylinder 14 for rotating the boom 13 up and down, and a hydraulic cylinder 16 for rotating the arm 15 up and down with respect to the boom 13.
And a hydraulic cylinder 18 for rotating the bucket 17 with respect to the arm 15 in the excavation direction and the earth removal direction.

As shown in FIG. 12, these actuator groups 1
4,16,18,19 are controlled by a control valve 21. Since this control valve 21 is a large-capacity and large-sized hydraulic pressure switching valve, it can be remotely switched and controlled by pilot hydraulic pressure supplied from a pilot valve 22 operated by an operator in terms of arrangement space and operability.

How to operate pilot valve 22 and actuator group 14,1
Since the relationship with the operation of 6,18 differs depending on the manufacturer of the hydraulic excavator, the operator must know the operation method according to the hydraulic excavator, but in order to eliminate the inconvenience, the pilot valve 22 and control Valve 21
The selector valve 23 according to the present invention is interposed between the and. By simply switching the selector valve 23, the operator can control the work system of any hydraulic excavator in the same manner by operating the pilot valve 22 once learned.

This is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 59-76669 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-297513.
JP-A-63-135004, JP-A-63-293369
It is also shown in the official gazette.

And the structure of the conventional selector valve is
As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 004 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-293369, a pair of input ports and output ports facing each other on the same section in the longitudinal direction of the casing are provided with a plurality of sets of predetermined rotational angles for each phase. They are arranged in a staggered manner.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) As described above, in the conventional selector valve, the input port and the output port face each other at the 180 ° position on the same section.

For this reason, when one port position in the casing is determined, the other port position is inevitably determined, and the port cannot be provided at the best position in consideration of the valve arrangement space and the piping system of the actual vehicle.

An object of the present invention is to allow one port group and the other port group in a fluid switching valve of this type to be arranged at arbitrary positions in a casing.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) In the invention of claim 1, a cylindrical sleeve 32 is integrally fitted inside a casing 31, and a rotary shaft 33 rotates inside the sleeve 32. The casing 31 is freely fitted, and one port group A to H and the other port group 1 to the casing 31.
8 is provided, and at least one of the inner peripheral surface of the casing 31 and the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 32 is formed with a plurality of peripheral grooves 61 arranged at intervals in the axial direction over the entire circumference,
The sleeve 32 is provided with a hole 62 that communicates with the one port group A to H and a hole 63 that selectively communicates with the plurality of circumferential grooves 61, respectively. Radial and axial holes that selectively communicate the hole 62 of the sleeve 32 that communicates with the port groups A to H and the hole 63 of the sleeve 32 that communicates with the plurality of circumferential grooves 61 in accordance with the rotation angle.
64 and 65 are provided, and the other port groups 1 to 8 communicate with the plurality of circumferential grooves 61, which is a fluid switching valve.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the fluid switching valve according to the first aspect, the shaft end of the rotary shaft 33 is projected from the cover plate 35 fixed to the end surface of the casing 31,
A lever 41 is integrally provided in a direction perpendicular to the shaft end of 33,
Corresponding to a plurality of switching positions W, X, Y, Z of the lever 41, a plurality of screw holes 45W, 45X, 45Y, 45Z are provided in the cover plate 35, and one of the plurality of screw holes has the above-mentioned The screw 44 inserted into the lever 41 is screwed.

(Operation) According to the invention of claim 1, one of the port groups A to H has a radial hole 64 and an axial hole formed in the rotary shaft 33.
It selectively communicates with the plurality of peripheral grooves 61 via 65, and further communicates with the other port groups 1 to 8 on the peripheral groove 61.
By changing the rotation angle of the rotary shaft 33, the communication relationship between the one port group A to H and the plurality of peripheral grooves 61 changes, and consequently the communication relationship between both port groups changes.

(Embodiment) In the invention of claim 2, the screw 44 is removed from the screw hole, and the lever 41
The rotary angle of the rotary shaft 33 by switching positions W, X, Y,
While switching to one of Z, the screw 44 is screwed into one of the screw holes 45W, 45X, 45Y and 45Z of the cover plate 35 to fix the rotation angle of the rotary shaft 33.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical sleeve 32 is integrally fitted in the casing 31, a rotary shaft 33 is rotatably fitted in the sleeve 32, and both ends of the casing 31 are The cover plates 35 on both the left and right sides, which are in contact with the surface via O-rings 34, are fixed by hexagon socket head cap screws 36. Hole 37 in left cover plate 35
The shaft 39 of the rotary shaft 33 is liquid-tightly fitted to the cover plate 35 on the right side by an O-ring 38, and the pin 40
The end surface of the sleeve 32 is fixed by.

As shown in FIG. 2, eight input ports A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H are provided on one side surface of the casing 31, and
As shown in FIG. 3, eight output ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 are provided on the other side surface of the casing 31.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the rotary shaft
A lever 41 is fitted on the shaft of 33 and is fixed by a pin 42. This lever 41 is provided with an operation knob 43,
Further, a butterfly bolt 44 as a screw for fixing the lever 41 is inserted through the lever 41 and is one of four screw holes 45W, 45X, 45Y, 45Z provided on the cover plate 35 on one side. It is screwed to. The screw holes 45W, 45X, 45Y, 45Z are provided corresponding to the four switching positions W, X, Y, Z of the lever 41.

Returning to FIG. 1, four switching positions W, X,
A detent mechanism 51 for determining the rotational position of the rotary shaft 33 corresponding to Y and Z is also provided. That is,
The plug 53 is screwed into the hole 52 of the casing 31, and this plug
The spring 54 built into the inner hole of 53 allows the ball to
55 is pressed against the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 33 and fits into one of the four recesses 56 provided on the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 33. The plug 53 is kept liquid-tight by an O-ring 57.

As shown in FIG. 1, eight peripheral grooves 61 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the casing 31 and the outer peripheral surface of the corresponding sleeve 32 at intervals in the axial direction over the entire circumference. Has been done.

The sleeve 32 includes the input ports A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H.
A hole 62 that communicates with the peripheral groove 61 and a hole 63 that communicates with the circumferential groove 61 are provided.

In the rotary shaft 33, the input ports A, B, C, D,
A hole 62 for E, F, G, H and a hole 63 for the peripheral groove 61 are provided according to the rotation angle (corresponding to the four switching positions W, X, Y, Z of the lever 41). A radial hole 64 and an axial hole 65 that selectively communicate with each other are formed. The axial hole 65 is closed by a plug 66 after being drilled.

The eight output ports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, which are opened at arbitrary positions in the circumferential direction of the casing 31 with respect to the eight circumferential grooves 61.
Seven and eight are connected one to one.

Next, referring to FIG. 5 to FIG. 9, with respect to the first embodiment,
Second with slightly changed layout of output ports 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
An example is shown.

Since the structure of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are used and the description thereof is omitted.

Next, the switching action of this fluid switching valve will be described with reference to FIG. Here, (W) shows a switching state corresponding to the SAE standard, and (X) (Y) (Z) shows a switching state corresponding to other operating methods that differ depending on the manufacturer of the hydraulic excavator.

The drawings (W), (X), (Y), and (Z) in FIG. 9 show the switching states corresponding to the four switching positions W, X, Y, and Z of the lever 41. Furthermore, each figure (W) of this FIG.
(X) (Y) (Z) are aa cross section and bb in FIG.
Four sectional views a, b, c, d corresponding to the section, the cc section, and the dd section are shown in order from the upper side.

Referring to FIG. 9 (W), the port A communicates with the port 1 through the hole 62 of the sleeve 32, the holes 64, 65, 64 of the rotary shaft 33, the hole 63 of the sleeve 32 and the circumferential groove 61. Port B is hole 62 of sleeve 32, rotary shaft
It communicates with the port 2 through the holes 64, 65, 64 of 33, the hole 63 of the sleeve 32 and the circumferential groove 61. Port C is a hole in sleeve 32
62, holes for rotary shaft 33, 64, 65, 64, holes for sleeve 32
It communicates with the port 3 via 63 and the peripheral groove 61. Port D has holes 62 in sleeve 32 and holes 64,6 in rotary shaft 33.
5, 64, the hole 63 of the sleeve 32 and the peripheral groove 61 communicate with the port 4. The port E communicates with the port 8 through the hole 62 of the sleeve 32, the holes 64, 65, 64 of the rotary shaft 33, the hole 63 of the sleeve 32 and the circumferential groove 61. The port F communicates with the port 5 through the hole 62 of the sleeve 32, the holes 64, 65, 64 of the rotary shaft 33, the hole 63 of the sleeve 32, and the circumferential groove 61. Port G is hole 62 in sleeve 32, rotary shaft
It communicates with the port 6 through the holes 64, 65, 64 of 33, the hole 63 of the sleeve 32 and the circumferential groove 61. Port H is a hole in sleeve 32
62, holes for rotary shaft 33, 64, 65, 64, holes for sleeve 32
It communicates with the port 7 via 63 and the peripheral groove 61.

When FIG. 9 (W) is switched to, for example, FIG. 9 (Y), the port A becomes the hole 62 of the sleeve 32, the rotary shaft.
It communicates with the port 1 through the holes 64, 65, 64 of 33, the hole 63 of the sleeve 32 and the circumferential groove 61. Port B has a hole 62 in the sleeve 32,
It communicates with the port 2 through the holes 64, 65, 64 of the rotary shaft 33, the hole 63 of the sleeve 32 and the circumferential groove 61. The port C communicates with the port 3 through the hole 62 of the sleeve 32, the holes 64, 65, 64 of the rotary shaft 33, the hole 63 of the sleeve 32 and the circumferential groove 61. Port D is hole 62 in sleeve 32, rotary shaft
It communicates with the port 4 through the holes 64, 65, 64 of 33, the hole 63 of the sleeve 32 and the circumferential groove 61. Port E has a hole 62 in the sleeve 32,
It communicates with the port 5 through the holes 64, 65, 64 of the rotary shaft 33, the hole 63 of the sleeve 32 and the circumferential groove 61. The port F communicates with the port 6 through the hole 62 of the sleeve 32, the holes 64, 65, 64 of the rotary shaft 33, the hole 63 of the sleeve 32 and the circumferential groove 61. The port G communicates with the port 7 through the hole 62 of the sleeve 32, the holes 64, 65, 64 of the rotary shaft 33, the hole 63 of the sleeve 32, and the circumferential groove 61. Port H is hole 6 in sleeve 32
2, holes 64, 65, 64 of rotary shaft 33, holes 6 of sleeve 32
It communicates with the port 8 through the 3 and the peripheral groove 61.

Description of FIGS. 9 (X) and 9 (Z) is omitted.

Next, the relationship between the input port and the output port in each switching state (W) (X) (Y) (Z) is summarized in the following circuit combination table. Input ports A and C are for boom cylinders of hydraulic excavators, input ports B and D are for bucket cylinders, input ports H and F are for arm cylinders,
Input ports G and E are for swing hydraulic motors.

Next, FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the above-mentioned circuit combination table, and the input ports A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H of the pilot valve 22 shown in FIG. Connected to the output port 1,2,
3,4,5,6,7,8 are control valves 2 shown in Fig. 11.
Connected to 1.

Then, as shown in FIG. 11, the control valve 21 is switched by the pilot pressure supplied from the pilot valve 22 operated by the operator to the control valve 21 via the fluid switching valve 23. The hydraulic pressure supplied to and discharged from each actuator of the hydraulic excavator is controlled by 21.

In the above embodiment, the peripheral groove 61 is provided on both the inner peripheral surface of the casing 31 and the outer peripheral surface of the corresponding sleeve 32, but the peripheral groove 61 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the casing 31 or the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 32. It may be provided on only one of the surfaces.

Further, in the above embodiment, one port group A to H is used as an input port group and the other port group 1 to 8 is used as an output port group. Conversely, one port group A to H is output. In addition to the port group, the other port groups 1 to 8 may be used as the input port group.

[Advantage of the Invention] According to the invention of claim 1, a sleeve is provided between the casing and the rotary shaft, and is arranged at an axial interval on at least one of the inner peripheral surface of the casing and the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve. Since a plurality of circumferential grooves are formed over the entire circumference, the other port group can be arranged at any position in the circumferential direction with respect to one port group, and therefore the port can be attached at the best position on the outer circumference of the casing. Since the port position is not restricted, the switching valve arrangement space can be effectively used and the piping system is not restricted. Further, by forming a circumferential groove by inserting the sleeve into the casing, when forming an internal circuit in the rotary shaft, it is only necessary to bore a linear hole in the radial direction and the axial direction in the rotary shaft, In addition to being easy to process, the internal circuits can be easily combined and the structure is simple. Therefore, it is also excellent in productivity and economy.

According to the invention of claim 2, a lever is integrally provided in a direction perpendicular to the axial end of the rotary shaft, and a plurality of screw holes are provided in the cover plate corresponding to a plurality of switching positions of the lever. Since the screw inserted into the lever is screwed into one of the screw holes, the screw can fix the switching position of the lever and reliably maintain the switching state of the rotary shaft.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of the fluid switching valve of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, FIG. 3 is a rear view thereof, FIG. 4 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 2 is a front view showing a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a rear view thereof, FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG. 5, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII of FIG. The figure shows the four-stage switching state (W) (X) (Y) of the second embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing (Z), FIG. 10 is a view showing a switching valve function corresponding to FIG. 9, FIG. 11 is a view showing an example of mounting the fluid switching valve, and FIG. 12 is an actuator control of a hydraulic excavator. FIG. 13 is a block diagram of the valve system, and FIG. 13 is a front view of the hydraulic excavator. A to H ... One port group, 1 to 8 ... Other port group, 31 ... Casing, 32 ... Sleeve, 33 ... Rotary shaft, 35 ... Cover plate, 41 ... Lever, 44
…… Butterfly bolts as screws, 45W, 45X, 45Y, 45Z …… Screw holes, 61 …… circumferential grooves, 64 …… Radial holes, 65 …… Axial holes.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takashi Matsuda 1-3-2 Kita-Aoyama, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside New Caterpillar Mitsubishi Corp. (72) Inventor Shizuka Takeuchi 3-22-41 Yoshida, Nagano City, Nagano Prefecture Within Nishina Kogyo Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP 58-137677 (JP, A) JP 58-224862 (JP, A) Actual 63-4473 (JP, U)

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A cylindrical sleeve is integrally fitted inside a casing, a rotary shaft is rotatably fitted inside the sleeve, and one port group and the other port group are provided in the casing. At least one of the inner peripheral surface of the casing and the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve,
A plurality of circumferential grooves arranged at intervals in the axial direction are formed over the entire circumference, and the sleeve has a hole communicating with the one port group and a hole selectively communicating with the plurality of circumferential grooves. A radial direction which is respectively bored and selectively communicates with the rotary shaft the hole of the sleeve communicated with the one port group and the hole of the sleeve communicated with the plurality of circumferential grooves according to a rotation angle. A fluid switching valve, wherein an axial hole is bored, and the other port group communicates with the plurality of circumferential grooves. 2. A shaft end of a rotary shaft is projected from a cover plate fixed to an end surface of a casing, and a lever is integrally provided in a direction perpendicular to the shaft end of the rotary shaft. The lever is provided at a plurality of switching positions. The fluid switching valve according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of screw holes are provided correspondingly to the cover plate, and a screw inserted into the lever is screwed into one of the plurality of screw holes.