JPH0715526B2 - Wavelength demultiplexer - Google Patents
Wavelength demultiplexerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0715526B2 JPH0715526B2 JP59277533A JP27753384A JPH0715526B2 JP H0715526 B2 JPH0715526 B2 JP H0715526B2 JP 59277533 A JP59277533 A JP 59277533A JP 27753384 A JP27753384 A JP 27753384A JP H0715526 B2 JPH0715526 B2 JP H0715526B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- wavelength
- optical waveguide
- spacer
- wavelength filter
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12004—Combinations of two or more optical elements
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は光通信システムに用いられる波長分波器に係
り、特に光導波路を有する波長分波器の構造に関する。The present invention relates to a wavelength demultiplexer used in an optical communication system, and more particularly to the structure of a wavelength demultiplexer having an optical waveguide.
光を利用して大量の情報を同時に伝達できる光通信シス
テムは、情報化社会における最適の通信システムとして
広い分野に普及しつつある。しかしこれまでに提供され
ていた光通信システムを構成するための部品や装置は、
高い精度や信頼性を要求するために量産できない物が多
く、光通信システムの低価格化を阻害する原因になって
いる。Optical communication systems capable of simultaneously transmitting a large amount of information using light are becoming widespread in wide fields as optimal communication systems in the information society. However, the components and devices for constructing the optical communication system provided so far are
Many products cannot be mass-produced because they require high accuracy and reliability, which is a cause of hindering cost reduction of optical communication systems.
そこで光通信システムを構成する各種部品や装置の仕様
の標準化を図ると共に、多量生産による光通信システム
の低価格化を実現するために、多量生産が可能なように
構成された部品や装置の開発が望まれている。Therefore, in addition to standardizing the specifications of various parts and devices that make up the optical communication system, in order to reduce the cost of the optical communication system by mass production, the development of parts and devices that can be mass-produced Is desired.
第２図は従来の波長分波器の一例で方向性結合を利用し
た波長分波器である。FIG. 2 shows an example of a conventional wavelength demultiplexer that uses directional coupling.
図において波長分波器は狭い隙間１を介して隣接する光
導波路２および３で構成されており、例えば光導波路２
に波長の異なる光λ１、λ２、λ３を同時に入射する
と、光λ１は光導波路２によって導波されるが、光
λ２、λ３は光導波路３に移り光導波路３によって導波
される。かかる波長分波器によって分けられる光の波長
は、光導波路２および３が隙間１を介して隣接している
部分の長さ、光導波路２および３を構成する材料の屈折
率等によって決まる。In the figure, the wavelength demultiplexer is composed of optical waveguides 2 and 3 which are adjacent to each other with a narrow gap 1 therebetween.
When lights λ 1 , λ 2 , and λ 3 having different wavelengths are simultaneously incident on the optical waveguide 2, the light λ 1 is guided by the optical waveguide 2, but the lights λ 2 and λ 3 are moved to the optical waveguide 3 and guided by the optical waveguide 3. To be done. The wavelength of the light divided by the wavelength demultiplexer is determined by the length of the portion where the optical waveguides 2 and 3 are adjacent to each other through the gap 1, the refractive index of the material forming the optical waveguides 2 and 3, and the like.
上記波長分波器によって分波される光の波長は隙間を介
して隣接する光導波路の長さに左右され、光導波路の長
さを短縮できないため波長分波器を小形化することがで
きない。また伝播光は導波路表面に平行または垂直な電
界成分を持つ二つの偏波に分離することができるが、こ
の分波器では通常その一方の偏波に対してしか動作しな
い。更に特定波長の光を分波するために設計された分波
器を、僅かに異なる他の波長の光を分波するために流用
することができないという問題がある。The wavelength of the light demultiplexed by the wavelength demultiplexer depends on the length of the optical waveguides adjacent to each other through the gap, and the length of the optical waveguide cannot be shortened, so that the wavelength demultiplexer cannot be miniaturized. Further, the propagating light can be separated into two polarized waves having an electric field component parallel or perpendicular to the waveguide surface, but this demultiplexer normally operates only for one polarized wave. Furthermore, there is a problem in that a demultiplexer designed to demultiplex light of a specific wavelength cannot be used to demultiplex light of other wavelengths that are slightly different.
上記問題点は同一基板上に入射用光導波路と複数個の出
射用光導波路からなる光導波路を形成し、且つ、該光導
波路の一端が開口してなる該基板の端面に波長フィルタ
とスペーサを積層して接合し、該波長フィルタにおける
反射光と該スペーサ端面における反射光とを、それぞれ
該基板上の異なる出射用光導波路に導波させる本発明に
なる波長分波器によって解決される。The above problem is that an optical waveguide including an incident optical waveguide and a plurality of outgoing optical waveguides is formed on the same substrate, and a wavelength filter and a spacer are provided on the end face of the substrate formed by opening one end of the optical waveguide. This is solved by the wavelength demultiplexer according to the present invention, which is formed by laminating and joining, and guiding the reflected light at the wavelength filter and the reflected light at the spacer end face to different emission optical waveguides on the substrate, respectively.
波長フィルタとスペーサで反射した光をそれぞれ別の出
射用光導波路に導波させる波長分波器は、光導波路の形
成される基板を分波する光の波長に関係なく設計できる
ため小形化することができる。また適切な波長フィルタ
を選択することによって任意の波長に境界を設け、境界
の両側に存在する波長の光をそれぞれ混在させることな
く分離できる。更に少なくとも光導波路の形成される基
板を共通仕様化して量産することを可能にする。The wavelength demultiplexer that guides the light reflected by the wavelength filter and the spacer to different output optical waveguides can be designed regardless of the wavelength of the light that demultiplexes the substrate on which the optical waveguide is formed. You can Further, by selecting an appropriate wavelength filter, a boundary is provided at an arbitrary wavelength, and light having wavelengths on both sides of the boundary can be separated without being mixed. Further, at least the substrate on which the optical waveguide is formed has a common specification and can be mass-produced.
以下添付図により本発明の実施例について説明する。第
１図は本発明になる波長分波器の一実施例を示す図で、
第１図（ａ）は側断面図、第１図（ｂ）は平面図であ
る。また第３図は本発明の別の実施例を示す側断面図、
第４図は本発明の更に別の実施例を示す側断面図であ
る。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a wavelength demultiplexer according to the present invention,
1 (a) is a side sectional view and FIG. 1 (b) is a plan view. FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view showing still another embodiment of the present invention.
第１図（ａ）において光導波路５は基板６に埋め込まれ
ており、光導波路５の露呈した部分はクラッド層７によ
って覆われている。研磨された光導波路５の端面には交
互に積層されてなる、誘電体多層膜波長フィルタ（以後
波長フィルタと称する）８と、ガラス等よりなるスペー
サ９が接合されている。In FIG. 1A, the optical waveguide 5 is embedded in the substrate 6, and the exposed portion of the optical waveguide 5 is covered with the cladding layer 7. On the end face of the polished optical waveguide 5, a dielectric multilayer film wavelength filter (hereinafter referred to as a wavelength filter) 8 alternately laminated and a spacer 9 made of glass or the like are joined.
光導波路５は第１図（ｂ）に示す如く入射用光導波路5a
と、複数本の出射用光導波路5bおよび5cからなり、波長
フィルタ８は入射用光導波路5aによって導波された光が
波長フィルタ８によって反射され、出射用光導波路5bに
よって導波される位置に設けられており、スペーサ９の
厚さは波長フィルタ８を通過した光がスペーサ９の端面
で反射され、出射用光導波路5cによって導波されるよう
に設定されている。The optical waveguide 5 is an incident optical waveguide 5a as shown in FIG. 1 (b).
And a plurality of output optical waveguides 5b and 5c. The wavelength filter 8 is positioned so that the light guided by the input optical waveguide 5a is reflected by the wavelength filter 8 and guided by the output optical waveguide 5b. The thickness of the spacer 9 is set so that the light passing through the wavelength filter 8 is reflected by the end surface of the spacer 9 and guided by the emission optical waveguide 5c.
かかる波長分波器において波長フィルタ８として、波長
λ１の光は反射し波長λ２、λ３の光は通過させる波長
フィルタを用いることによって、波長λ２、λ３の光の
殆ど含まれていない波長λ１の光が出射用光導波路5bに
よって導波される。一方波長λ１の光が殆ど含まれてい
ない波長λ２、λ３の光は出射用光導波路5cによって導
波される。しかも分波される波長は波長フィルタによっ
て決まるために、光導波路が形成された基板は光導波路
を形成できる限界まで小形化し、共通仕様化して多量生
産することができる。In such a wavelength demultiplexer, a wavelength filter 8 that reflects light of wavelength λ 1 and transmits light of wavelengths λ 2 and λ 3 is used as the wavelength filter 8 so that almost all of the light of wavelengths λ 2 and λ 3 is included. Light having a wavelength of λ 1 is guided by the exiting optical waveguide 5b. On the other hand, the light of the wavelengths λ 2 and λ 3 which hardly contains the light of the wavelength λ 1 is guided by the emission optical waveguide 5c. Moreover, since the wavelength to be demultiplexed is determined by the wavelength filter, the substrate on which the optical waveguide is formed can be miniaturized to the limit where the optical waveguide can be formed, and can be manufactured in common with a large number of specifications.
また第３図において研磨された光導波路５の端面には波
長フィルタ８が被着されており、波長フィルタ８の外側
にはガラス等よりなるスペーサ９が設けられている。そ
してスペーサ９の更に外側に金属反射膜10が被着されて
いる。A wavelength filter 8 is attached to the end surface of the polished optical waveguide 5 in FIG. 3, and a spacer 9 made of glass or the like is provided outside the wavelength filter 8. Further, a metal reflection film 10 is deposited on the outer side of the spacer 9.
第１図（ｂ）において入射用光導波路5aによって導波さ
れた光が、全反射臨界角よりも大きい角度でスペーサ９
の端面に入射すれば、スペーサ９の端面で全反射されて
出射用光導波路5cによって導波されるが、入射角が臨界
角よりも小さいと一部の光がスペーサ９の端面を透過し
て損失となる。またスペーサ９の端面が空気以外の物質
に密着している場合は、入射用光導波路5aによって導波
された光が更に大きい角度で、スペーサ９の端面に入射
するように構成しなければならない。このようにスペー
サとその端面に接する物質の、屈折率の差による全反射
を利用した波長分波器は、光導波路が埋め込まれた基板
の小形化および共通仕様化に限界がある。しかし第３図
に示す如くスペーサ９の更に外側に金属反射膜10を被着
することによって、スペーサ９の端面に入射する際の入
射角に関係なく、しかもスペーサ９の端面に接する物質
に関係なく、スペーサ９の端面に入射した光は全て反射
されるため、光導波路が埋め込まれた基板は光導波路を
形成できる限界まで一層小形化し、共通仕様化して多量
生産することができる。In FIG. 1 (b), the light guided by the incident optical waveguide 5a has a spacer 9 at an angle larger than the critical angle for total reflection.
When the incident angle is smaller than the critical angle, a part of the light is transmitted through the end surface of the spacer 9 when it is incident on the end surface of the spacer 9 and is totally reflected by the end surface of the spacer 9 and guided by the output optical waveguide 5c. It will be a loss. When the end surface of the spacer 9 is in close contact with a substance other than air, the light guided by the incident optical waveguide 5a must be incident on the end surface of the spacer 9 at a larger angle. As described above, the wavelength demultiplexer that utilizes the total reflection due to the difference in the refractive index between the spacer and the material in contact with the end face thereof has a limit to downsizing the substrate in which the optical waveguide is embedded and to common specifications. However, as shown in FIG. 3, by depositing the metal reflection film 10 on the outer side of the spacer 9, regardless of the incident angle when the light is incident on the end face of the spacer 9, and regardless of the substance in contact with the end face of the spacer 9. Since all the light incident on the end surface of the spacer 9 is reflected, the substrate in which the optical waveguide is embedded can be further miniaturized to the limit where the optical waveguide can be formed, and can be mass-produced with common specifications.
更に第４図において波長フィルタ８およびスペーサ９は
別の平板11の上に被着されており、かかる波長フィルタ
８を研磨された光導波路５の端面に接合している。Further, in FIG. 4, the wavelength filter 8 and the spacer 9 are attached on another flat plate 11, and the wavelength filter 8 is bonded to the end face of the polished optical waveguide 5.
かかる波長分波器は光導波路が埋め込まれた基板を共通
仕様化して量産化すると共に、一方では各種の分波され
る波長に対応する波長フィルタ８とスペーサ９を有する
平板11を予め準備しておき、要望される仕様に合わせて
これ等の基板と平板を組合せ波長分波器を構成すること
によって、波長分波器の量産化を一層推進することがで
きる。In such a wavelength demultiplexer, a substrate having an optical waveguide embedded therein is standardized for mass production, and on the other hand, a flat plate 11 having a wavelength filter 8 and a spacer 9 corresponding to various demultiplexed wavelengths is prepared in advance. In addition, by combining these substrates and a flat plate in accordance with the desired specifications to form a wavelength demultiplexer, mass production of the wavelength demultiplexer can be further promoted.
上述の如く本発明によれば小形化、量産化に適した波長
分波器を提供することができる。As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a wavelength demultiplexer suitable for miniaturization and mass production.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す図で、 第１図（ａ）は側断面図、 第１図（ｂ）は平面図、 第２図は従来の波長分波器の一例を示す図、 第３図は本発明の別の実施例を示す図、 第４図は本発明の更に別の実施例を示す図、 である。図において ５は光導波路、６は基板、 ７はクラッド層、８は波長フィルタ、 ９はスペーサ、10は金属反射膜、 11は平板、 をそれぞれ表す。 FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 (a) is a side sectional view, FIG. 1 (b) is a plan view, and FIG. 2 is an example of a conventional wavelength demultiplexer. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram showing yet another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 5 is an optical waveguide, 6 is a substrate, 7 is a cladding layer, 8 is a wavelength filter, 9 is a spacer, 10 is a metal reflection film, and 11 is a flat plate.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭54−7949（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭56−150721（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭59−109022（ＪＰ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-54-7949 (JP, A) JP-A-56-150721 (JP, A) JP-A-59-109022 (JP, A)
Claims (4)
射用光導波路からなる光導波路を形成し、且つ、該光導
波路の一端が開口してなる該基板の端面に波長フィルタ
とスペーサを積層して接合し、該波長フィルタにおける
反射光と該スペーサ端面における反射光とを、それぞれ
該基板上の異なる出射用光導波路に導波させることを特
徴とする波長分波器。1. A wavelength filter and a spacer are formed on an end face of a substrate formed by forming an optical waveguide including an incident optical waveguide and a plurality of outgoing optical waveguides on the same substrate, and opening one end of the optical waveguide. A wavelength demultiplexer in which the reflected light from the wavelength filter and the reflected light from the spacer end face are guided to different emission optical waveguides on the substrate, respectively.
ルタを用いてなる特許請求の範囲第１項記載の波長分波
器。2. The wavelength demultiplexer according to claim 1, wherein a dielectric multilayer film wavelength filter is used as the wavelength filter.
特許請求の範囲第１項記載の波長分波器。3. The wavelength demultiplexer according to claim 1, wherein a metal reflection film is deposited on the end face of the spacer.
と波長フィルタとを有し、光導波路の一端が開口してな
る前記基板の端面に、該平板上の該波長フィルタを接合
してなる特許請求の範囲第１項記載の波長分波器。4. A wavelength filter on a flat plate is bonded to an end face of the substrate having a spacer and a wavelength filter laminated and attached on another flat plate, and one end of an optical waveguide being opened. The wavelength demultiplexer according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59277533A JPH0715526B2 (en) | 1984-12-26 | 1984-12-26 | Wavelength demultiplexer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59277533A JPH0715526B2 (en) | 1984-12-26 | 1984-12-26 | Wavelength demultiplexer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61151602A JPS61151602A (en) | 1986-07-10 |
| JPH0715526B2 true JPH0715526B2 (en) | 1995-02-22 |
Family
ID=17584886
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59277533A Expired - Fee Related JPH0715526B2 (en) | 1984-12-26 | 1984-12-26 | Wavelength demultiplexer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0715526B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4906837A (en) * | 1988-09-26 | 1990-03-06 | The Boeing Company | Multi-channel waveguide optical sensor |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS547949A (en) * | 1977-06-20 | 1979-01-20 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Wavelength descriminator |
| DE3012184A1 (en) * | 1980-03-28 | 1981-10-08 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | LIGHTWAVE LEAD BRANCHING |
| JPS59109022A (en) * | 1982-12-14 | 1984-06-23 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Optical wave guide circuit |
-
1984
- 1984-12-26 JP JP59277533A patent/JPH0715526B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61151602A (en) | 1986-07-10 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |