JPH07154137A - Antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the antenna which is able to use a radio wave of plural frequency bands while being mounted in a space of a very small volume of an aircraft or a flying body. CONSTITUTION:A dielectric board 4 is fitted to a ground conductor 3 and a patch antenna 5 is adhered to the dielectric base 4. A feeder 6 penetrating the ground conductor 3 and the dielectric board 4 is connected to a feeding point 7 provided on a reflecting plane of the patch antenna 5. One end face of a dielectric support 10 is fitted to a surface of the patch antenna 5. A spiral helical antenna 11 with a predetermined pitch and diameter is inserted externally to a side face of the dielectric support 10 in the lengthwise direction and fixed by a non-metal support 12. A coaxial feeder 13 whose surface coating connects to the patch antenna 5 as earthing is connected to the helical antenna 11.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mechanism of an antenna mounted on an aircraft or a flying body and operating in a plurality of different frequency bands.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a conventional antenna mounted on the forehead of an aircraft or a flying body to radiate radio waves. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a frame on the front of the head of an aircraft or a flying object, to which an antenna is attached, which has a hollow shape with both ends open. Reference numeral 2 denotes a radome mounted so as to seal one end on the front side of the frame 1, 3 denotes a space inside the space sealed by the radome 2, and 4 is a plate-shaped ground conductor mounted on the front surface of the frame 1. One surface of the dielectric substrate 5 is adhered and fixed to the front surface of the ground conductor 3, and the other surface is adhered to the surface of the dielectric substrate 4 on which the ground conductor 3 is not fixed. In addition, a plate-shaped patch antenna 6 is in contact with the patch antenna 5 at a feeding point 7 provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna 5, and a feeding line penetrating the dielectric substrate 4 and the ground conductor 3. Reference numeral 8 denotes a connector which is connected to the power supply line 6 behind the ground conductor 3 and which inputs and outputs a microwave passing through the power supply line 6, 9
Is a screw for fastening the ground conductor 3 to the frame 1.

A conventional antenna is constructed as described above,
Microwaves propagating through the feeder line 6 via the connector 8 pass through the feeding point 7 and radiate electromagnetic waves on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5, and the radiated electromagnetic waves are transmitted to the radome 2
Propagates outside the aircraft and flying objects. Here, the distribution of the current component or the magnetic current component of the electromagnetic wave radiated on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5 is a standing wave distribution having a frequency such that the outer dimension of the patch antenna 5 is about a half wavelength. Since the operating frequency band of the antenna 5 is determined by its outer dimensions, radio waves in the operating frequency band unique to the patch antenna 5 can be used.

[0004]

In the conventional antenna as described above, the frequency band of radio waves that can be used is limited to the peculiar operating frequency band determined by the outer dimensions of the patch antenna 5, so that a single frequency band is used. There was a problem that it could only be used. In addition, in order to use radio waves in different frequency bands, it is necessary to prepare a plurality of antennas each having a different operating frequency band unique to the patch antenna 5 for each frequency band. There is a problem that it is difficult to mount a plurality of antennas because the space where the antennas can be mounted is narrow and limited to a small volume.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object thereof is to obtain an antenna that can use radio waves in a plurality of frequency bands.

[0006]

In the antenna according to the present invention, a dielectric substrate is fixed to the front surface of a plate-shaped ground conductor, and a patch antenna is attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate on which the ground conductor is not fixed. Then, the ground conductor and the feed line penetrating the dielectric substrate are connected at the feed point provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna. Then, one end surface of a cylindrical or cylindrical dielectric support is fixed to the reflection surface of the patch antenna, and a helical antenna formed in a spiral shape with a constant diameter and pitch is lengthened along the side surface of the dielectric support. It is externally inserted from the direction, the helical antenna is fixed to the dielectric support with a non-metallic holder, and the core wire of the coaxial feed line whose surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna is connected to one end of the helical antenna. is there.

Further, a radome is attached to a frame whose both ends are open so that one end thereof is sealed, and a plate-shaped ground conductor is attached to the end face of the frame which is closed by the radome, and the frame is contacted with the frame of the ground conductor. Attach the dielectric substrate to the surface not facing,
A patch antenna is attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate on which the ground conductor is not fixed, and the feed line penetrating the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate is connected at the feed point provided on the reflecting surface of the patch antenna. Then, in the helical antenna formed into a spiral shape having a constant diameter and pitch, the pitch direction of the spiral shape is fixed and held in front of the patch antenna in the direction orthogonal to the reflection surface of the patch antenna, A non-metal wire, a part of which is fixed to the inner surface of a radome, is wound with a tension, and the core wire of a coaxial feeder wire whose surface coating is grounded to a patch antenna is connected to one end of a helical antenna.

Further, a radome is attached to a frame whose both ends are open so that one end is sealed, and a plate-shaped ground conductor is attached to the end face of the frame which is closed by the radome, and the plate is contacted with the frame of the ground conductor. Attach the dielectric substrate to the surface not facing,
A patch antenna is attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate on which the ground conductor is not fixed, and the feed line penetrating the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate is connected at the feed point provided on the reflecting surface of the patch antenna. Then, using a foamed resin foamed with a radome as a frame shape, a helical antenna formed in a spiral shape having a constant diameter and pitch is directed in a direction in which the pitch direction of the spiral shape is orthogonal to the reflection surface of the patch antenna. , The front of the patch antenna is held, and the core wire of the coaxial feed line whose surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna is connected to one end of the helical antenna.

Further, the dielectric substrate is fixed to the front surface of the plate-shaped ground conductor, the patch antenna is attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate on which the ground conductor is not fixed, and the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate are penetrated. The feed line is connected at the feed point provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna. Then, the outer surface in the vicinity of the end face of the cylindrical dielectric film having a shape in which the longitudinal direction is orthogonal to the reflection surface of the patch antenna and is hollow and both ends are open,
Bond the flange type dielectric film, which has a flange at one end in the longitudinal direction, with the inner surface near the end face without the flange, and attach the flange surface of the flange type dielectric film to the dielectric substrate of the patch antenna. Adhere to the surface of the side not covered, and wrap a conductor tape made of strip-shaped conductor foil on the side surface of the cylindrical dielectric film to form a spiral with a constant diameter and pitch, and then wrap the conductor tape on the patch antenna side. Connect to the conductor wire at the connection point of the end of the, the end of the conductor wire on the side not connected to the conductor tape,
The surface coating is connected to the core wire of a coaxial feed line grounded to the patch antenna.

Further, a radome is attached to a frame whose both ends are opened so as to seal one end thereof, and a plate-shaped ground conductor is attached to an end face of the frame which is closed by the radome, thereby forming a frame of the ground conductor. Stick the dielectric substrate to the surface that is not in contact,
A patch antenna is attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate on which the ground conductor is not fixed, and the feed line penetrating the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate is connected at the feed point provided on the reflecting surface of the patch antenna. Then, a conductor tape made of strip-shaped conductor foil,
On the inner or outer wall surface of the radome or between the inner and outer wall surfaces, form a spiral shape with a constant diameter and pitch from the head direction of the radome toward the mounting part of the frame. The core of the coaxial feed line in which the conductor tape is fixed and the conductor tape is connected to the conductor wire at the connection point at the rear end, and the end of the conductor wire that is not connected to the conductor tape is grounded to the patch antenna. It is connected with a wire.

Further, the dielectric substrate is fixed to the front surface of the plate-shaped ground conductor, the patch antenna is attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate on the side where the ground conductor is not fixed, and the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate are penetrated. The feed line is connected to the feed point provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna. Then, a dielectric film is fixed to the surface of the patch antenna that is not attached to the dielectric substrate, and a conductor wire is formed on the surface of the dielectric film to form a helical antenna with a circumferential arrangement, and the surface is covered. The core wire of the coaxial feed line grounded to the patch antenna is connected to the end of the conductor wire.

Also, the cores of the plurality of coaxial feeders are connected to the ends of the plurality of helical antennas having spiral-shaped diameters different from each other.

Further, the core wires of the plurality of coaxial feeders are connected to the ends of the conductor wires forming the plurality of circumferentially arranged helical antennas having different arc diameters.

[0014]

According to the present invention, the helical antenna is fixed to the side surface of the cylindrical or cylindrical dielectric support by the non-metal holder, and the helical shape of the helical antenna does not change even when subjected to vibration or shock. , Since the helical antenna is connected to the core of the coaxial feed line, the surface coating of the coaxial feed line and the patch antenna that is grounded are used as the ground plate, and the electromagnetic wave of the helical antenna's peculiar operating frequency band is determined. Radiate. Further, since the helical antenna is a linear structure and has a very small shield area for the patch antenna, the patch antenna is not affected by the helical antenna and radiates electromagnetic waves in the peculiar operating frequency band of the patch antenna. . That is, an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the patch antenna and an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the helical antenna are radiated, and radio waves in two frequency bands can be used.

Further, since the helical antenna is in a mechanically balanced state by receiving the tension of the non-metal wire,
The helical antenna retains its spiral shape even when subjected to vibration or shock, and since the helical antenna is connected to the core wire of the coaxial power feed line, the surface coating of the coaxial power feed line and the patch antenna grounded are used as the ground plate. Radiates electromagnetic waves in the peculiar operating frequency band of a helical antenna, which is determined by the spiral shape. The helical antenna located in front of the patch antenna and the non-metal wire that holds it are linear structures, and the shielding area for the patch antenna is small, so they do not affect the operation of the patch antenna. The patch antenna radiates an electromagnetic wave in the peculiar operating frequency band of the patch antenna without being affected by the helical antenna. That is, an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the patch antenna and an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the helical antenna are radiated, and radio waves in two frequency bands can be used.

The helical antenna is fixed to a fixed position inside the radome by a foaming resin, and is fixed and held on the front surface of the patch antenna through the radome, the frame, the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate. Since the helical antenna is connected to the core wire of the coaxial feed line without being affected by vibration or shock, the surface of the coaxial feed line is grounded by the patch antenna, which is determined by the spiral shape. It radiates electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band of the helical antenna. Since the permittivity of the foaming resin is very close to that of air, it has no effect on the operation of the helical antenna and patch antenna.Because the helical antenna is a linear structure, the shielding area for the patch antenna is very small. Therefore, the patch antenna radiates an electromagnetic wave in the peculiar operating frequency band of the patch antenna without being affected by the helical antenna. That is, an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the patch antenna and an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the helical antenna are radiated, and radio waves in two frequency bands can be used.

Further, the conductor tape wound in a spiral shape on the side surface of the cylindrical dielectric film acts as a helical antenna, and the conductor tape is connected to the core wire of the coaxial feeder through the conductor wire. Therefore, using the patch antenna grounded with the surface coating of the coaxial feed line as the ground plate, the helical antenna's unique operating frequency band is defined by the spiral shape formed on the side surface of the cylindrical dielectric film. Emits electromagnetic waves. Since the cylindrical dielectric film and flange dielectric film located in front of the patch antenna are thin dielectrics and the shielding area of the conductor tape against the patch antenna is very small, the effect on the operation of the patch antenna is affected. However, the patch antenna emits electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band specific to the patch antenna. That is, an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the patch antenna and an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the helical antenna are radiated, and radio waves in two frequency bands can be used.

The conductor tape fixed to the radome by forming a spiral shape on the inner wall surface or outer wall surface of the radome or between the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface operates as a helical antenna, and the conductor tape forms a conductor wire. Since it is connected to the core wire of the coaxial feed line via a patch antenna that is grounded to the coaxial feed line, the patch antenna is formed on the inner wall surface or outer wall surface of the radome or between the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface. It radiates electromagnetic waves in the peculiar operating frequency band of the helical antenna, which is determined by the spiral shape. Since the radome is attached to the frame, the conductor tape fixed to the radome that operates as a helical antenna is fixed at a fixed position on the front surface of the patch antenna via the frame, the ground conductor, and the dielectric substrate, which causes vibration. And is not affected by shock. In addition to the radome, the structure located in front of the patch antenna is only a linear conductor tape, and the shielding area for the patch antenna is very small.Therefore, the patch antenna does not affect its operation Emits electromagnetic waves in the frequency band. That is, an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the patch antenna and an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the helical antenna are radiated, and radio waves in two frequency bands can be used.

Further, since the conductor wire forming the circumferentially-arranged helical antenna attached to the surface of the dielectric film operates as a helical antenna and the conductor wire is connected to the core wire of the coaxial feeder, the coaxial feeder is used. The patch antenna grounded to the electric wire is used as a ground plate to radiate an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band peculiar to the helical antenna, which is determined by the shape of the conductor wire forming the helical antenna attached to the surface of the dielectric film. Since the conductor wire that operates as a helical antenna is attached to the surface of the dielectric film fixed to the patch antenna, it is not affected by vibration or shock. Since the dielectric film located in front of the patch antenna is a thin dielectric, and the shield area of the conductor wire for the patch antenna is very small, the patch antenna is not affected by the operation, It emits electromagnetic waves in its own operating frequency band. That is, an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the patch antenna and an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the helical antenna are radiated, and radio waves in two frequency bands can be used.

Further, since there are a plurality of helical antennas having different spiral-shaped diameters and a plurality of coaxial feeders to which cores are connected, the plurality of helical antennas radiate electromagnetic waves in their respective operating frequency bands. To do. Therefore, together with the peculiar operating frequency band of the patch antenna,
Radio waves in multiple frequency bands can be used.

Further, since there are a plurality of conductor wires forming helical antennas having a circumferential arrangement shape having different arc diameters and a plurality of coaxial feeders to which core wires are connected, a plurality of conductor wires are helical antennas. And radiate electromagnetic waves in their respective operating frequency bands. Therefore, radio waves in a plurality of frequency bands can be used together with the peculiar operating frequency band of the patch antenna.

[0022]

【Example】

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an antenna for radiating radio waves which is mounted on the forehead of an aircraft or a flying body according to an embodiment of the present invention, and 1 is on the forehead of the aircraft or flying body. It is a frame to which the antenna is attached, and it has a hollow shape with both ends open. Reference numeral 2 denotes a radome mounted so as to seal one end on the front side of the frame 1, 3 denotes a space inside the space sealed by the radome 2, and 4 is a plate-shaped ground conductor mounted on the front surface of the frame 1. One surface of the dielectric substrate 5 is adhered and fixed to the front surface of the ground conductor 3, and the other surface is adhered to the surface of the dielectric substrate 4 on which the ground conductor 3 is not fixed. In addition, a plate-shaped patch antenna 6 is in contact with the patch antenna 5 at a feeding point 7 provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna 5, and a feeding line penetrating the dielectric substrate 4 and the ground conductor 3. Reference numeral 8 denotes a connector which is connected to the power supply line 6 behind the ground conductor 3 and inputs and outputs microwaves passing through the power supply line 6, and 9 denotes a screw for fastening the ground conductor 3 to the frame 1. 1-9 are the same as the conventional antenna Reference numeral 10 denotes a cylindrical dielectric support, and one end face in the longitudinal direction is fixed to the reflecting surface of the patch antenna 5. Reference numeral 11 denotes a helically-shaped conductor wire having a constant diameter and pitch, and a helical antenna that is extrapolated from the longitudinal direction along the cylindrical side surface of the dielectric support 10.
The helical antenna 11 to the dielectric support 10
Non-metallic holder, which is pressed down and fixed to the side of the
Is connected to the end of the helical antenna 11 on the side close to the patch antenna 5 and one end of the core wire, and the surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna 5, and the dielectric substrate 4 and the ground conductor 3 are connected. Reference numeral 14 denotes a connector which is connected to the power supply line 13 behind the ground conductor 3 and which inputs and outputs a microwave passing through the coaxial power supply line 13.

In the antenna constructed as described above, the microwave propagating through the feeder 8 through the connector 8 passes through the feeding point 7 and radiates an electromagnetic wave on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5 and is radiated. The electromagnetic waves pass through the radome 2 and propagate to the outside of the aircraft or the flying body.
Here, the distribution of the current component or the magnetic current component of the electromagnetic wave radiated on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5 is a standing wave distribution having a frequency such that the outer dimension of the patch antenna 5 is about a half wavelength. Since the operating frequency band of the antenna 5 is determined by the external dimensions, the fact that radio waves in the operating frequency band unique to the patch antenna 5 can be used is exactly the same as that of the conventional device. However, in the antenna according to the present invention, the helical antenna 11 is fixed to the dielectric support 10 by the non-metallic holder 12, and even if the helical antenna 11 is mounted on an aircraft or a flying body and is subjected to vibration or impact, the spiral of the helical antenna 11 does not occur. The helical antenna 11 whose shape does not change and which is determined by the microwave that has propagated through the coaxial feeder 13 via the connector 14 using the patch antenna 5 grounded to the coaxial feeder 13 as a ground plate is determined by the helical shape. It emits electromagnetic waves in the peculiar operating frequency band. Further, since the helical antenna 11 is a linear structure, the shielding area for the patch antenna 5 is also small, and the patch antenna 5 is not affected by the fact that the helical antenna 11 is in front of the reflecting surface, and the patch antenna 5 is not affected. It radiates electromagnetic waves in the 5 unique operating frequency bands. That is, an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the patch antenna 5 and an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the helical antenna 11 are radiated, and radio waves in two frequency bands can be used. Also,
Since the helical antenna 11 is located in front of the reflecting surface of the patch antenna 5 and the volume of the antenna is the same as that of the conventional antenna, it can be mounted in a space with a small volume such as an aircraft or a flying object.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an antenna for radiating radio waves which is mounted on the forehead of an aircraft or a flying body in another embodiment of the present invention. It is a frame on the forehead where the antenna is attached, and it has a hollow shape with both ends open. Reference numeral 2 denotes a radome mounted so as to seal one end on the front side of the frame 1, 3 denotes a space inside the space sealed by the radome 2, and 4 is a plate-shaped ground conductor mounted on the front surface of the frame 1. One surface of the dielectric substrate 5 is adhered and fixed to the front surface of the ground conductor 3, and the other surface is adhered to the surface of the dielectric substrate 4 on which the ground conductor 3 is not fixed. In addition, a plate-shaped patch antenna 6 is in contact with the patch antenna 5 at a feeding point 7 provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna 5, and a feeding line penetrating the dielectric substrate 4 and the ground conductor 3. Reference numeral 8 denotes a connector which is connected to the power supply line 6 behind the ground conductor 3 and inputs and outputs microwaves passing through the power supply line 6, and 9 denotes a screw for fastening the ground conductor 3 to the frame 1. 1-9 are the same as the conventional antenna Reference numeral 15 denotes a helical antenna made of a conductor wire formed in a spiral shape having a constant diameter and pitch.
Is a non-metallic wire 16 partly fixed to the inner surface of the radome 2 and wound under tension,
The spiral pitch direction is orthogonal to the reflecting surface of the patch antenna 5, and is fixed in the space in front of the patch antenna 5. Reference numeral 13 connects the end of the helical antenna 15 on the side closer to the patch antenna and one end of the core wire, and the surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna 5 to penetrate the dielectric substrate 4 and the ground conductor 3. The coaxial feed line 14 is a connector that is connected to the feed line 13 behind the ground conductor 3 and that inputs and outputs microwaves that pass through the coaxial feed line 13. According to this FIG. 2, the microwave propagating through the feed line 6 through the connector 8 passes through the feed point 7, radiates an electromagnetic wave on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5, and the radiated electromagnetic wave passes through the radome 2. And then propagate to the outside of the aircraft and flying objects.
Here, the distribution of the current component or the magnetic current component of the electromagnetic wave radiated on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5 is a standing wave distribution having a frequency such that the outer dimension of the patch antenna 5 is about a half wavelength. Since the operating frequency band of the antenna 5 is determined by the external dimensions, the fact that radio waves in the operating frequency band unique to the patch antenna 5 can be used is exactly the same as that of the conventional device. However, in the antenna according to the present invention, the helical antenna 15 is in a mechanically balanced state due to the tension of the non-metallic wire 16, and the helical shape changes even when it is mounted on an aircraft or a flying object and subjected to vibration or impact. In addition, the microwave transmitted through the coaxial feed line 13 via the connector 14 using the patch antenna 5 held at the front surface of the patch antenna 5 and grounded to the coaxial feed line 13 as a ground plate. Thus, the electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band peculiar to the helical antenna 15, which is determined by the spiral shape, is radiated. Further, since the helical antenna 15 and the non-metal wire 16 are linear structures, the shield area for the patch antenna 5 is very small, and the patch antenna 5 is affected by the fact that the helical antenna 15 is in front of the reflecting surface. The patch antenna 5 radiates electromagnetic waves in the peculiar operating frequency band. That is, the electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the patch antenna 5 and the electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the helical antenna 15 are radiated,
Radio waves in two frequency bands can be used. Further, since the helical antenna 15 is located in front of the reflecting surface of the patch antenna 5 and the volume of the antenna is the same as that of the conventional antenna, it can be mounted in a space with a small volume of an aircraft or a flying object.

Embodiment 3 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an antenna for radiating radio waves which is mounted on the forehead of an aircraft or a flying body in another embodiment of the present invention, and 1 is an aircraft or a flying body. It is a frame on the forehead where the antenna is attached, and it has a hollow shape with both ends open. Reference numeral 2 denotes a radome mounted so as to seal one end on the front side of the frame 1, 3 denotes a space inside the space sealed by the radome 2, and 4 is a plate-shaped ground conductor mounted on the front surface of the frame 1. One surface of the dielectric substrate 5 is adhered and fixed to the front surface of the ground conductor 3, and the other surface is adhered to the surface of the dielectric substrate 4 on which the ground conductor 3 is not fixed. In addition, a plate-shaped patch antenna 6 is in contact with the patch antenna 5 at a feeding point 7 provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna 5, and a feeding line penetrating the dielectric substrate 4 and the ground conductor 3. Reference numeral 8 denotes a connector which is connected to the power supply line 6 behind the ground conductor 3 and inputs and outputs microwaves passing through the power supply line 6, and 9 denotes a screw for fastening the ground conductor 3 to the frame 1. 1-9 are the same as the conventional antenna 15 is the radome 2
In a space enclosed by, consisting of a spirally shaped conductor wire having a constant diameter and pitch,
The pitch direction of the spiral shape is oriented in a direction orthogonal to the reflection surface of the patch antenna 5,
Is a helical antenna located in front of the, and has a foamable resin 17 in which the surrounding space is foamed using the radome 2 as a frame shape.
And is fixedly held in place inside the radome 2. Reference numeral 13 connects the end of the helical antenna 15 on the side closer to the patch antenna and one end of the core wire, and the surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna 5 to penetrate the dielectric substrate 4 and the ground conductor 3. A coaxial feeder line 14 is provided behind the ground conductor 3 and is provided with the feeder line 1
3 is a connector that is connected to the antenna 3 and inputs / outputs microwaves that pass through the coaxial feeder 13. According to this FIG. 3, the microwave propagating through the feeder line 6 through the connector 8 passes through the feeding point 7, radiates an electromagnetic wave on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5, and the radiated electromagnetic wave passes through the radome 2. And then propagate to the outside of the aircraft and flying objects. Here, the distribution of the current component or the magnetic current component of the electromagnetic wave radiated on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5 is a standing wave distribution having a frequency such that the outer dimension of the patch antenna 5 is about a half wavelength. Since the operating frequency band of the antenna 5 is determined by the external dimensions, the fact that radio waves in the operating frequency band unique to the patch antenna 5 can be used is exactly the same as that of the conventional device. However, in the antenna according to the present invention, the helical antenna 15 is fixedly held on the front surface of the patch antenna 5 inside the radome 2 by the foaming resin 17, and even if the helical antenna 15 is mounted on an aircraft or a flying body and is subjected to vibration or shock. The helical shape of the helical antenna 15 does not change, and the helical shape is determined by the microwaves propagating through the coaxial feed line 13 via the connector 14 with the patch antenna 5 grounded to the coaxial feed line 13 as a ground plate. , Radiates electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band peculiar to the helical antenna 15. Since the dielectric constant of the foaming resin 17 is very close to that of air, the surroundings of the foaming resin 17
The helical antenna 15 is not affected by the operation even if the patch antenna 5 is filled with the patch antenna 5, and the operation of the patch antenna 5 is not affected by the foamed resin 17 in front of the reflector. Since the helical antenna 15 is a linear structure, the shielding area for the patch antenna 5 is also small, and the helical antenna 15 and the patch antenna 5 radiate electromagnetic waves in their respective operating frequency bands. That is, an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the patch antenna 5 and an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the helical antenna 15 are radiated, and radio waves in two frequency bands can be used. Further, since the helical antenna 15 is located in front of the reflecting surface of the patch antenna 5 and the volume of the antenna is the same as that of the conventional antenna, it can be mounted in a space with a small volume of an aircraft or a flying object.

Embodiment 4 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an antenna mounted on the forehead of an aircraft or a flying body to radiate radio waves according to another embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes the aircraft or the flying body. It is a frame on the forehead where the antenna is attached, and it has a hollow shape with both ends open. Reference numeral 2 denotes a radome mounted so as to seal one end on the front side of the frame 1, 3 denotes a space inside the space sealed by the radome 2, and 4 is a plate-shaped ground conductor mounted on the front surface of the frame 1. One surface of the dielectric substrate 5 is adhered and fixed to the front surface of the ground conductor 3, and the other surface is adhered to the surface of the dielectric substrate 4 on which the ground conductor 3 is not fixed. In addition, a plate-shaped patch antenna 6 is in contact with the patch antenna 5 at a feeding point 7 provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna 5, and a feeding line penetrating the dielectric substrate 4 and the ground conductor 3. Reference numeral 8 denotes a connector which is connected to the power supply line 6 behind the ground conductor 3 and inputs and outputs microwaves passing through the power supply line 6, and 9 denotes a screw for fastening the ground conductor 3 to the frame 1. 1-9 are the same as the conventional antenna Reference numeral 18 denotes a hollow cylindrical cylinder made of a thin film film-shaped dielectric, both ends of which are open. The longitudinal direction of the cylinder 18 is orthogonal to the reflection surface of the patch antenna 5, and the front side of the patch antenna 5 is provided. A hollow cylindrical flange-shaped dielectric film whose outer surface is made of a thin film film-shaped dielectric and has a flange at one end in the vicinity of the end surface on the patch antenna 5 side. It is fitted and adhered to the inner side surface of 19 near the end surface on the side without the flange. Then, the flange type dielectric film 19
Has a flange surface bonded to the reflection surface of the patch antenna 5. Reference numeral 20 denotes a strip-shaped conductor wound on the side surface of the cylindrical dielectric film 18 so as to form a spiral shape having a constant diameter and a constant pitch from one end face side to the opposite end face side. A conductor tape made of foil is connected to the conductor wire 22 at a connection point 21 provided at the end portion on the patch antenna 5 side. 13 is the conductor wire 2
2 is connected to the end on the side not connected to the conductor tape 20 and one end of the core wire, the surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna 5, and the dielectric substrate 4 and the ground conductor 3 are connected.
A coaxial feeder line 14 penetrating through is connected to the feeder line 13 behind the ground conductor 3, and the coaxial feeder line 1
It is a connector for inputting and outputting a microwave passing through 3. According to this FIG. 4, the microwave propagating through the feeder line 6 through the connector 8 passes through the feeding point 7, radiates an electromagnetic wave on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5, and the radiated electromagnetic wave passes through the radome 2. And then propagate to the outside of the aircraft and flying objects. Here, the distribution of the current component or the magnetic current component of the electromagnetic wave radiated on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5 is a standing wave distribution having a frequency such that the outer dimension of the patch antenna 5 is about a half wavelength. Since the operating frequency band of the antenna 5 is determined by the external dimensions, the fact that radio waves in the operating frequency band unique to the patch antenna 5 can be used is exactly the same as that of the conventional device. However, in the antenna according to the present invention, the conductor tape 20 wound in a spiral shape on the cylindrical dielectric film 18 operates as a helical antenna, and the patch antenna 5 grounded to the coaxial feed line 13 is used as a ground plate. The microwave propagating through the coaxial feed line 13 via the connector 14 radiates electromagnetic waves in the peculiar operating frequency band of the helical antenna, which is determined by the spiral shape formed by the conductor tape 20 on the side surface of the cylindrical dielectric film 18. To do. Further, since the cylindrical dielectric film 18 and the flange dielectric film 19 located on the front surface of the patch antenna 5 are thin dielectrics, and the shielding area of the conductor tape 20 with respect to the patch antenna 5 is minute, the cylinder Since the shaped dielectric film 18, the flange shaped dielectric film 19 and the conductor tape 20 are in front of the reflection surface of the patch antenna 5, the patch antenna 5 is not affected by its operation, and the unique operation of the patch antenna 5 is achieved. Emits electromagnetic waves in the frequency band. That is, an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the patch antenna 5,
The conductor tape 20 wound in a spiral shape on the cylindrical dielectric film 18 radiates electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band that operates as a helical antenna, and radio waves in two frequency bands can be used. Further, the conductor tape 20 that operates as a helical antenna is located in front of the reflecting surface of the patch antenna 5 and has the same volume as the conventional antenna, and can be mounted in a space with a small volume of an aircraft or a flying object. it can.

Embodiment 5 FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an antenna for radiating radio waves which is mounted on the forehead of an aircraft or a flying body in another embodiment of the present invention, and 1 is an aircraft or a flying body. It is a frame on the forehead where the antenna is attached, and it has a hollow shape with both ends open. Reference numeral 2 denotes a radome mounted so as to seal one end on the front side of the frame 1, 3 denotes a space inside the space sealed by the radome 2, and 4 is a plate-shaped ground conductor mounted on the front surface of the frame 1. One surface of the dielectric substrate 5 is adhered and fixed to the front surface of the ground conductor 3, and the other surface is adhered to the surface of the dielectric substrate 4 on which the ground conductor 3 is not fixed. In addition, a plate-shaped patch antenna 6 is in contact with the patch antenna 5 at a feeding point 7 provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna 5, and a feeding line penetrating the dielectric substrate 4 and the ground conductor 3. Reference numeral 8 denotes a connector which is connected to the power supply line 6 behind the ground conductor 3 and inputs and outputs microwaves passing through the power supply line 6, and 9 denotes a screw for fastening the ground conductor 3 to the frame 1. 1-9 are the same as the conventional antenna 20 is the radome 2
A band-shaped conductor foil fixed to the radome 2 by forming a spiral shape having a constant diameter and a pitch from the head direction of the radome 2 toward the frame 1 side attachment part on the inner wall surface of the radome 2. And is connected to the conductor wire 22 at a connection point 21 provided at the end portion on the rear side. 1
3, the end of the conductor wire 22 on the side not connected to the conductor tape 20 and one end of the core wire are connected, the surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna 5, and the dielectric substrate 4 and the A coaxial feed line penetrating the ground conductor 3, 14 is connected to the feed line 13 behind the ground conductor 3,
This is a connector for inputting and outputting microwaves passing through the coaxial power supply line 13. According to this FIG. 5, the microwave propagating through the feeder line 6 through the connector 8 passes through the feeding point 7, radiates an electromagnetic wave on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5, and the radiated electromagnetic wave passes through the radome 2. And then propagate to the outside of the aircraft and flying objects. Here, the distribution of the current component or the magnetic current component of the electromagnetic waves radiated on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5 is a standing wave distribution having a frequency such that the outer dimension of the patch antenna 5 is about a half wavelength.
Since the operating frequency band of the patch antenna 5 is determined by the external dimensions, the fact that radio waves in the operating frequency band unique to the patch antenna 5 can be used is exactly the same as that of the conventional device.
However, in the antenna according to the present invention, a spiral is formed on the inner wall surface of the radome 2, the conductor tape 20 fixed to the radome 2 operates as a helical antenna, and the coaxial feed line 13 and the patch antenna 5 grounded are connected. As a ground plane, an electromagnetic wave in a peculiar operating frequency band of the helical antenna, which is determined by the spiral shape formed by the conductor tape 20 fixed to the radome 2 by the microwave propagating through the coaxial feeder 13 via the connector 14, Radiate.
Since the radome 2 is attached to the frame 1, the conductor tape 20 fixed to the radome 2 that operates as a helical antenna has a front surface of the patch antenna 5 via the radome 2, the frame 1, the ground conductor 3, and the dielectric substrate 4. It is fixed at a fixed position and is not affected by vibrations and shocks of aircraft and flying objects. On the other hand, the structure located on the front surface of the patch antenna 5 is only the linear conductor tape 20 and has a very small shielding area, and the fact that the conductor tape 20 is in front of the reflection surface of the patch antenna 5 is an antenna of the patch antenna 5. It does not affect the operation of and emits electromagnetic waves in its own operating frequency band. That is, the electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the patch antenna 5 and the electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band in which the conductor tape 20 forming a spiral shape on the inner wall surface of the radome 2 and fixed to the radome 2 operates as a helical antenna are radiated, Radio waves in two frequency bands can be used. Also,
Since the conductor tape 20 that operates as a helical antenna is fixed to the radome 2 and is located in front of the reflection surface of the patch antenna 5, the volume of the antenna is equivalent to that of the conventional antenna, and the volume of the aircraft or the flying object is small. Can be mounted in space.

Embodiment 6 FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) are sectional views showing another embodiment of the present invention, which is an antenna mounted on the forehead of an aircraft or a flying body to radiate radio waves. Is a frame to which an antenna is attached in the forehead of an aircraft or a flying body, and has a hollow shape with both ends open. Reference numeral 2 denotes a radome mounted so as to seal one end on the front side of the frame 1, 3 denotes a space inside the space sealed by the radome 2, and 4 is a plate-shaped ground conductor mounted on the front surface of the frame 1. One surface of the dielectric substrate 5 is adhered and fixed to the front surface of the ground conductor 3, and the other surface is adhered to the surface of the dielectric substrate 4 on which the ground conductor 3 is not fixed. In addition, a plate-shaped patch antenna 6 is in contact with the patch antenna 5 at a feeding point 7 provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna 5, and a feeding line penetrating the dielectric substrate 4 and the ground conductor 3. Reference numeral 8 denotes a connector which is connected to the power supply line 6 behind the ground conductor 3 and which inputs and outputs a microwave passing through the power supply line 6, 9
Is a screw for fastening the ground conductor 3 to the frame 1, and the above 1 to 9 are exactly the same as the conventional antenna. Two
Reference numeral 3 denotes a dielectric film whose one surface is fixed to the surface of the patch antenna 5 not adhered to the dielectric substrate 4, and a circular shape is formed on the surface of the patch antenna 5 to which the patch antenna 5 is not adhered. A plurality of circular arcs with the same diameter that are lacking in part are arranged side by side in a circumferential shape, and the lacking parts of each circular arc are directed to the center of the arranged circumferential shape, and the starting point of one circular arc that is the starting point And the end surface of the next arc which is the end point on the side close to the start point, the circumference of the shape that connects the end points of the arcs closest to each other in a V-shape A conductor wire 24 forming an arrangement-shaped helical antenna is attached. 13 is connected to one end of the conductor wire 24 and one end of the core wire, penetrates the dielectric film 23, and has a surface coating of the patch antenna 5.
A coaxial feed line grounded to the dielectric substrate 4 and penetrating the ground conductor 3 is connected to the feed line 13 at the rear of the ground conductor 3, and the coaxial feed line 13 is connected to the coaxial feed line 13. It is a connector for inputting and outputting microwaves that pass.
According to this FIG. 6, the microwave propagating through the feed line 6 through the connector 8 passes through the feed point 7, radiates an electromagnetic wave on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5, and the radiated electromagnetic wave passes through the radome 2. And then propagate to the outside of the aircraft and flying objects. Here, the distribution of the current component or the magnetic current component of the electromagnetic wave radiated on the surface of and around the patch antenna 5 is a standing wave distribution having a frequency such that the outer dimension of the patch antenna 5 is about a half wavelength. Since the operating frequency band of the antenna 5 is determined by the external dimensions, the fact that radio waves in the operating frequency band unique to the patch antenna 5 can be used is exactly the same as that of the conventional device. However, in the antenna according to the present invention, the conductor wire 24 forming the circumferentially arranged helical antenna attached to the surface of the dielectric film 23 is used.
Operates as a helical antenna, and the microwave that propagates through the coaxial feeder 13 via the connector 14 with the patch antenna 5 grounded to the coaxial feeder 13 as a ground plate causes electromagnetic waves in the operating frequency band peculiar to the helical antenna. Radiates. The dielectric film 23 located on the front surface of the patch antenna 5 is a thin dielectric material, and
Since the shielding area of the patch antenna 5 for the patch antenna 5 is small, the dielectric film 23 and the conductor 24 are not included in the patch antenna 5.
The patch antenna 5 is not affected by its operation because it is in front of, and radiates an electromagnetic wave in a peculiar operating frequency band. That is, an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the patch antenna 5 and an electromagnetic wave in the operating frequency band of the helical antenna are radiated, and radio waves in two frequency bands can be used.
In addition, since the conductor 24 that operates as a helical antenna is located in front of the reflecting surface of the patch antenna 5 with the dielectric film 23 interposed therebetween, the volume of the antenna is the same as that of the conventional antenna, and the volume of the antenna is the same as that of an aircraft or a flying object. It can be installed in a space with a small volume.

Embodiment 7 FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an antenna mounted on the forehead of an aircraft or a flying body to radiate radio waves according to another embodiment of the present invention. The structure has two coaxial feed lines 13 and two connectors 14, and the two helical antennas 18 have different diameters with respect to their spiral shapes. According to FIG. 7, the two helical antennas 18 can emit radio waves in different frequency bands, and the patch antenna 5 also emits radio waves in the operating frequency band. As a result, radio waves in three frequency bands can be emitted.

Embodiment 8 FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b) are cross-sectional views showing an antenna mounted on the forehead of an aircraft or a flying body to radiate radio waves according to another embodiment of the present invention. It has a structure including two conductor wires 26, a coaxial feeder 13 and a connector 14 in Example 6, and the two conductor wires 26 each form a helical antenna having a circumferential arrangement shape but have different arc diameters. ing. According to FIG. 8, the two conductor wires 26 operate as a helical antenna and can radiate radio waves in different frequency bands, and the patch antenna 5 also radiates radio waves in the operating frequency band. As a result, radio waves in three frequency bands can be emitted.

[0031]

As described above, according to the present invention, the dielectric substrate is fixed to the front surface of the plate-shaped ground conductor, and the patch antenna is attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate on the side where the ground conductor is not fixed. A feed line penetrating the conductor and the dielectric substrate is connected at a feed point provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna. And
One end of a cylindrical or cylindrical dielectric support is fixed to the reflection surface of the patch antenna, and a helical antenna with a constant diameter and pitch is formed into a spiral shape. Occupied by a structure in which the core wire of the coaxial feed line whose outer surface is grounded to the patch antenna is connected to one end of the helical antenna by extrapolating and fixing the helical antenna to the dielectric support with a non-metal holder. This has an effect that an antenna having a small volume and capable of using radio waves in a plurality of frequency bands can be obtained.

Further, a radome is attached to a frame whose both ends are open so as to seal one end thereof, and a plate-shaped ground conductor is attached to an end face of the frame which is closed by the radome, and the frame is contacted with the frame of the ground conductor. Attach the dielectric substrate to the surface not facing,
A patch antenna is attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate on which the ground conductor is not fixed, and the feed line penetrating the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate is connected at the feed point provided on the reflecting surface of the patch antenna. Then, in the helical antenna formed into a spiral shape having a constant diameter and pitch, the pitch direction of the spiral shape is fixed and held in front of the patch antenna in the direction orthogonal to the reflection surface of the patch antenna, Occupied volume due to the structure in which a non-metallic wire, part of which is fixed to the inner surface of the radome, is wound under tension, and the core wire of the coaxial feed line whose surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna is connected to one end of the helical antenna. Is small, and it is possible to obtain an antenna in which radio waves in a plurality of frequency bands can be used.

Further, a radome is attached to a frame whose both ends are open so as to seal one end thereof, and a plate-shaped ground conductor is attached to the end face of the frame which is closed by the radome, and the plate is contacted with the frame of the ground conductor. Attach the dielectric substrate to the surface not facing,
A patch antenna is attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate on which the ground conductor is not fixed, and the feed line penetrating the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate is connected at the feed point provided on the reflecting surface of the patch antenna. Then, using a foamed resin foamed with a radome as a frame shape, a helical antenna formed in a spiral shape having a constant diameter and pitch is directed in a direction in which the pitch direction of the spiral shape is orthogonal to the reflection surface of the patch antenna. , The front of the patch antenna is held in front of the patch antenna, and the core wire of the coaxial feed wire whose surface is grounded to the patch antenna is connected to one end of the helical antenna. It has an effect that a usable antenna can be obtained.

Further, the dielectric substrate is fixed to the front surface of the plate-shaped ground conductor, the patch antenna is attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate on which the ground conductor is not fixed, and the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate are penetrated. The feed line is connected at the feed point provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna. Then, the outer surface in the vicinity of the end face of the cylindrical dielectric film having a shape in which the longitudinal direction is orthogonal to the reflection surface of the patch antenna and is hollow and both ends are open,
Bond the flange type dielectric film, which has a flange at one end in the longitudinal direction, with the inner surface near the end face without the flange, and attach the flange surface of the flange type dielectric film to the dielectric substrate of the patch antenna. Adhere to the surface of the side not covered, and wrap a conductor tape made of strip-shaped conductor foil on the side surface of the cylindrical dielectric film to form a spiral with a constant diameter and pitch, and then wrap the conductor tape on the patch antenna side. Connect to the conductor wire at the connection point of the end of the, the end of the conductor wire on the side not connected to the conductor tape,
Due to the structure in which the surface coating is connected to the core wire of the coaxial feed line grounded to the patch antenna, there is an effect that it is possible to obtain an antenna that occupies a small volume and can use radio waves in a plurality of frequency bands.

Further, a radome is attached to a frame whose both ends are open so that one end thereof is sealed, and a plate-shaped ground conductor is attached to the end face of the frame which is closed by the radome. Stick the dielectric substrate to the surface that is not in contact,
A patch antenna is attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate on which the ground conductor is not fixed, and the feed line penetrating the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate is connected at the feed point provided on the reflecting surface of the patch antenna. Then, a conductor tape made of strip-shaped conductor foil,
On the inner or outer wall surface of the radome or between the inner and outer wall surfaces, form a spiral shape with a constant diameter and pitch from the head direction of the radome toward the mounting part of the frame. The core of the coaxial feed line in which the conductor tape is fixed and the conductor tape is connected to the conductor wire at the connection point at the rear end, and the end of the conductor wire that is not connected to the conductor tape is grounded to the patch antenna. Due to the structure connected to the wire,
This has an effect that it is possible to obtain an antenna that occupies a small volume and can use radio waves in a plurality of frequency bands.

Further, the dielectric substrate is fixed to the front surface of the plate-shaped ground conductor, the patch antenna is attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate on which the ground conductor is not fixed, and the ground conductor and the dielectric substrate are penetrated. The feed line is connected to the feed point provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna. Then, a dielectric film is fixed to the surface of the patch antenna that is not attached to the dielectric substrate, and a conductor wire is formed on the surface of the dielectric film to form a helical antenna with a circumferential arrangement, and the surface is covered. Due to the structure in which the core wire of the coaxial feeder wire grounded to the patch antenna is connected to the end of the conductor wire, there is an effect that an occupying volume is small and an antenna capable of using radio waves in a plurality of frequency bands can be obtained.

Further, by the structure in which the core wires of the plurality of coaxial feeders are connected to the ends of the plurality of helical antennas having different spiral-shaped diameters, it is possible to use radio waves in a plurality of frequency bands.

Further, the core wires of the plurality of coaxial feeders are connected to the ends of the conductor wires forming the plurality of circumferentially-arranged helical antennas having different arc diameters. Has the effect that can be used.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

6A and 6B are views showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 6A is a front sectional view and FIG. 6B is a side sectional view.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

8A and 8B are views showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 8A is a front sectional view and FIG. 8B is a side sectional view.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional antenna.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Frame 2 Radome 3 Ground Conductor 4 Dielectric Substrate 5 Batch Antenna 6 Feeding Line 7 Feeding Point 10 Dielectric Support 11 Helical Antenna 12 Holding Tool 13 Coaxial Feeding Line 15 Helical Antenna 16 Non-Metal Wire 17 Foaming Resin 18 Cylindrical Dielectric Film 19 Flange type dielectric film 20 Conductor tape 21 Connection point 22 Conductor wire 23 Dielectric film 24 Conductor wire

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. In an antenna for radiating radio waves, a plate-shaped ground conductor, a plate-shaped dielectric substrate fixed to the front surface of the ground conductor so that one surface thereof is in close contact, and the ground conductor of the dielectric substrate. The patch antenna made of a plate-shaped conductor, one surface of which is attached to the surface on which the patch antenna is not fixed, and the patch antenna that is in contact with the patch antenna at the feeding point provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna A feed line located through the substrate and the ground conductor, a cylindrical or cylindrical dielectric, a dielectric support having one end face in the longitudinal direction fixed to the reflection surface of the patch antenna, a fixed diameter and a fixed pitch. A helical antenna having a helically-shaped conductor wire having a cylindrical or cylindrical side surface of the dielectric support, the helical antenna being externally positioned from the longitudinal direction; A non-metallic holder for pressing and fixing to the dielectric support, one end of the helical antenna and one end of the core wire are connected, and the surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna, and the dielectric substrate and An antenna comprising a coaxial feeder line that penetrates through the ground conductor. 2. In an antenna for radiating radio waves, a hollow frame having both ends open, a radome attached to the frame so as to seal one end of the frame, and a side of the frame sealed by the radome. A plate-shaped ground conductor attached to the end surface of the, on the surface of the ground conductor that is not in contact with the frame,
A plate-shaped dielectric substrate having one surface adhered so that the one surface is adhered to the other surface of the dielectric substrate on which the ground conductor is not adhered. A patch antenna, a feed line that is in contact with the patch antenna at a feeding point provided on the reflecting surface of the patch antenna, penetrates the dielectric substrate and the ground conductor, and is located in the space enclosed by the radome. A helical wire located in front of the patch antenna, which is made of a conductor wire formed in a spiral shape having a constant diameter and a pitch, and the pitch direction of the spiral shape is orthogonal to the reflection surface of the patch antenna. The antenna, a part of which is fixed to the inner surface of the radome, is wound around the helical antenna under tension, and holds the helical antenna in a fixed manner. One end of the cull antenna and one end of the core wire are connected, the surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna, and the coaxial feed line is provided penetrating the dielectric substrate and the ground conductor. An antenna characterized by. 3. An antenna for radiating radio waves, which has a hollow frame with both ends open, a radome attached to the frame so as to seal one end of the frame, and a side of the frame sealed by the radome. A plate-shaped ground conductor attached to the end surface of the, on the surface of the ground conductor that is not in contact with the frame,
A plate-shaped dielectric substrate adhered so that one surface is in close contact, and a plate-shaped conductor having one surface adhered to the surface of the dielectric substrate on which the ground conductor is not adhered A patch antenna, a feeder line that is in contact with the patch antenna at a feeding point provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna, and penetrates through the dielectric substrate and the ground conductor, and is in a space enclosed by the radome. , Consisting of a conductor wire shaped into a spiral with a constant diameter and pitch,
The helical pitch direction is orthogonal to the reflection surface of the patch antenna, the helical antenna located in front of the patch antenna, the radome is foamed as a frame shape, the helical antenna inside the radome. A foamable resin that is fixedly held, one end of the helical antenna and one end of the core wire are connected, and the surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna, and the position passes through the dielectric substrate and the ground conductor. An antenna characterized by having a coaxial power supply line. 4. In an antenna for radiating radio waves, a plate-shaped ground conductor, a plate-shaped dielectric substrate fixed to the front surface of the ground conductor so that one surface thereof is in close contact, and the ground conductor of the dielectric substrate. A patch antenna made of a plate-shaped conductor, one surface of which is attached to the surface not adhered to, the patch antenna being in contact with the patch antenna at a feeding point provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna, and the dielectric substrate And a feed line penetrating through the ground conductor, a thin-film dielectric body, and a hollow cylindrical shape with both ends open, with the longitudinal direction facing the direction orthogonal to the reflection surface of the patch antenna. A cylindrical dielectric film located in front of the patch antenna, consisting of a thin film dielectric, a hollow cylindrical shape having a flange at one end in the longitudinal direction, and a cylinder near the end surface on the side without the flange. form The inner surface of the cylindrical dielectric film is fitted and bonded to the outer surface near the end surface of the patch antenna side of the cylindrical dielectric film, and at the end surface of the side having the flange, the surface of the flange on the patch antenna side is reflected by the patch antenna. A flange-shaped dielectric film adhered to a surface, on the side surface of the cylindrical dielectric film, from one end surface side of the cylindrical dielectric film to the other end surface side, a constant diameter and pitch A spirally wound and formed conductor tape made of a strip-shaped conductor foil, a connection point provided at an end of the conductor tape on the patch antenna side, and a conductor wire connected to the conductor tape, The end of the conductor wire on the side not connected to the conductor tape and one end of the core wire are connected, and the surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna, Antenna, characterized in that it comprises a coaxial feeder line located through the substrate and the ground conductor. 5. In an antenna for radiating radio waves, a hollow frame having both ends open, a radome attached to the frame so as to seal one end of the frame, and a side of the frame sealed by the radome. A plate-shaped ground conductor attached to the end surface of the, on the surface of the ground conductor that is not in contact with the frame,
A plate-shaped dielectric substrate adhered so that one surface is in close contact, and a plate-shaped conductor having one surface adhered to the surface of the dielectric substrate on which the ground conductor is not adhered A patch antenna, a feed line that is in contact with the patch antenna at a feeding point provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna, and is located through the dielectric substrate and the ground conductor, on the inner wall surface or the outer wall surface of the radome, or Between the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface, a spiral shape having a constant diameter and pitch is formed from the head direction of the radome toward the mounting portion to the frame, and is fixed to the radome. A conductor tape made of a conductor foil, a conductor wire connected to the conductor tape at a connection point provided at the rear end of the conductor tape,
One end of the core wire is connected to the end of the conductor wire on the side not connected to the conductor tape, the surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna, and penetrates the dielectric substrate and the ground conductor. An antenna characterized by having a coaxial feed line located therein. 6. An antenna for radiating radio waves, a plate-shaped ground conductor, a plate-shaped dielectric substrate fixed to the front surface of the ground conductor so that one surface thereof is in close contact, and the ground conductor of the dielectric substrate. The patch antenna made of a plate-shaped conductor, one surface of which is attached to the surface on which the patch antenna is not fixed, and the patch antenna that is in contact with the patch antenna at the feeding point provided on the reflection surface of the patch antenna Feed line located through the substrate and the ground conductor, a dielectric film having one surface fixed to the reflection surface of the patch antenna, attached to the surface of the dielectric film on which the patch antenna is not fixed Then, a plurality of circular arcs having the same diameter, which are formed by omitting a part of the circular arc from the circle, are arranged side by side in the circumferential shape, and the lacking portions of the respective arcs are directed to the center of the arranged circumferential shape to serve as a starting point. One end and end of the arc Except between the end points on the side closer to the starting point of the next arc, the shape of a V-shaped connection between the end points of the arcs closest to each other
A conductor wire forming a helical antenna having a circumferential arrangement shape, one end of the conductor wire and one end of a core wire are connected, penetrates the dielectric film, and a surface coating is grounded to the patch antenna. An antenna, comprising: a coaxial feeder line that penetrates through the dielectric substrate and the ground conductor. 7. An antenna for radiating radio waves, comprising a plurality of helical antennas having mutually different diameters in a spiral shape, and a plurality of helical antennas each having one end connected to one end of a core wire. The antenna according to claim 3, further comprising: 8. An antenna for radiating radio waves, comprising: conductor wires forming helical antennas having a plurality of circumferentially arranged shapes having different arc diameters; one end of each of the plurality of conductor wires and a core wire; The antenna according to claim 6, further comprising a plurality of coaxial feeders connected at one end.