JPH07145640A - Three story house unit building - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce a construction cost and, at the same time, to prevent the collapse of a building by constituting a third floor section having a light load burden of a woody unit, and constituting a first floor section having a heavy load burden of a steel framed unit. CONSTITUTION:A first floor section having a heavy load burden is formed of a steel framed unit 1. While, a third floor section having a light load burden is formed of a woody unit 10. Either the steel framed unit or the woody unit can be used for a unit forming a second floor section of a building. In order to produce the woody unit 10, for example, a wall method is applied as structural strength. In order to produce the steel framed unit 1, for example, a framework method is applied for utilizing strength of steel material itself. The steel framed unit 1 is used, so that the collapse of the building due to excessive snow load, etc., is prevented, and the woody unit 10 is used, so that cost can be reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-story unit building suitable for use in a detached house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A unit building system is known as a system for increasing the industrial production rate of buildings. A unit building is a building in which one building is divided into several units in advance and produced in a factory, and these are constructed / assembled at a construction site. Units that make up a building are classified by focusing on the construction method and main structural materials, and it is known that there are steel-based units that are assembled by applying the frame construction method and wooden units that are assembled by using the wall method. Has been. That is, as described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-93807, the above-mentioned steel frame unit is a box-shaped steel frame structure in which the upper and lower ends of steel pipe columns at the four corners are rigidly connected by shaped steel beams. The steel frame is made to have proof stress, while the wood-based unit is disclosed in JP-A-55-15.
As described in Japanese Patent No. 2236, etc., a wooden floor framework and a wall framework are struck with structural surface materials to form floor panels and wall panels, and these floor panels and wall panels are assembled into a box-shaped structure to form a wall. The whole and the entire floor are made to have proof stress.

By the way, conventionally, there are two types of two-story unit buildings, one consisting of a steel frame type unit and the other consisting of a wood type unit, but as a three-story unit building, Only those consisting of a steel frame type unit having excellent fire resistance and proof stress existed in practice.

[0004]

However, since the steel-based unit has a high material cost and involves complicated and precise joining work such as welding, it is
The cost tends to be high. Moreover, when it comes to three-story steel-frame unit buildings, the number of steel-frame units will increase, so it will not be possible to sell at a reasonable price, which was one factor that prevented the spread of three-story detached houses. . Further, if the three-story unit building is limited to the steel frame system, it is against the demand for diversification of materials, and eventually, the motivation for development of materials is diminished. On the other hand, three-story detached houses are not publicly and densely packed, so strict fire-resistant structural standards are required by law as for three-story buildings such as apartments, hospitals, and dormitories. It has not been done. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a three-story unit building that can be produced at low cost while reliably maintaining the resistance to earthquakes, wind loads, snow loads, and the like. I am trying.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the three-story unit building according to claim 1, at least the third floor portion of the building is constituted by a wooden building unit, while at least the third floor. The feature is that the first floor that supports the part is made up of steel-framed building units.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the three-story unit building, a floor panel and a wall panel, in which the wooden building unit is attached to a wooden floor frame and a wall frame, are provided with structural panel materials. In the meanwhile, the steel-framed building unit is a box-shaped steel frame that is assembled by rigidly connecting the steel columns at the four corners between the upper and lower ends of steel columns at the four corners with ceiling beams and floor beams. It is characterized by having the configuration.

Further, in the three-story building unit according to claim 3, in the wooden building unit, along the lower surface side edge of the floor panel arranged directly above the ceiling girder of the steel frame building unit. The connecting lower frame is attached and fixed,
It is characterized in that the joint lower frame is bolted to the ceiling girder immediately below in a contact state.

[0008]

In the structure of the present invention, a steel frame type building unit is used in the first floor portion where the load is the largest. Therefore, even if it receives excessive snow load, wind load, seismic force, etc., there is no fear that the building will collapse. On the other hand, wooden building units are used in the three-story building where the load is light. Therefore, the three-story unit building as a whole can be constructed and assembled at low cost. The building unit forming the second floor of the building may be a wooden building unit or a steel building unit, but it is economically advantageous to use a wooden building unit. In the production of the wooden building unit, it is preferable to apply the wall construction method in view of the structural yield strength. On the other hand, in the production of the steel building unit, since the yield strength of the steel material itself can be utilized, the frame construction method is used. Is preferably applied.

When the wooden building unit to which the wall construction method is applied is placed on the steel frame building unit to which the frame construction method is applied, in mounting the wooden building unit on the lower surface side edge of the floor panel, The jointed and fixed lower frame is bolted to the upper surface of the ceiling girder of the steel-framed building unit in abutment state. In this way, the loads and external stresses distributed and acting on the entire wall panel of the upper floor are surely transmitted to the frame of the lower floor, which is safe in terms of structural strength.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a structure of a building unit (hereinafter referred to as a first-floor building unit) that constitutes a first-floor room portion of a three-story unit building that is an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is a perspective view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the same structure. The first-floor building unit 1 is a steel-framed living room unit formed by applying a frame (ramen) construction method, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, four pillars 2, which are square steel pipes 2, 2, ... and 4 floor girders made of channel steel 3, 3,
…, Ceiling girders 4, 4,…, and multiple floor panels 5, 5,…
, And a plurality of ceiling beams 6, 6, ... Made of small groove steel, a box-shaped body is formed, and wall panels (inner wall panel and outer wall panel) and ceiling surface materials (not shown) are bolted to the body. It is fixed with a fixing tool such as a tapping screw.

At the upper end of each pillar 2, two U-shaped joint pieces 7, 7 are provided so as to project in the horizontal direction from the side surfaces orthogonal to each other, and at the lower end of each pillar 2 as well. Two U-shaped joint pieces 8 and 8 project horizontally from the side surfaces corresponding to the joint pieces 7 and 7.
The end portions of the corresponding ceiling girder 4 and floor girder 3 are fitted and welded to the joint pieces 7 and 8, respectively. In this way, the ceiling girders are provided between the upper and lower ends of the pillars 2, 2 ,. 4, 4, ... And floor girders 3, 3, ... Are connected, and a box-shaped steel frame is constructed as a whole.

Each floor panel 5 is an ALC plate (Autoclav
ed Light Weight Concrete (cellular concrete slab) is a rectangular plate-like floor structure. With the short sides along the longitudinal direction of the girder floor girders 3 and 3, the girders are successively adjoined. The floor girders 3 and 3 on the side of the girder are bridged over, and both ends of the short sides are fixed to the inner surface of the web of the girder-side floor girders 3 and 3 with one-side rivets. A floor joist (not shown) is provided on the upper surfaces of the floor panels 5, 5, ... And a floor board (not shown) such as particle board is attached to the upper surface of the floor joist.

Each ceiling girder 4 is filled with a sound absorbing heat insulating material such as rock wool in a groove portion composed of upper and lower flanges and a web. As shown in FIG. The upper and lower joining bolts 9, 9, ... Are planted at a predetermined distance from each other and with the male screw portion protruding upward. On the other hand, the web surface of each ceiling girder 4 is provided with a horizontal bolt insertion hole (not shown) for joining adjacent first-floor building units 1 to each other.

Further, the above-mentioned ceiling girders 6, 6, ... Are bridged between the two girder-side ceiling girders 4, 4 which are arranged opposite to each other with a predetermined distance therebetween. There is. A ceiling field edge (not shown) is provided on the lower surface of each ceiling beam 6, and a ceiling surface material such as gypsum board is attached to the lower surface of the ceiling field edge with tapping screws or the like. Further, among the wall panels (not shown) attached to the body having the above-mentioned structure, the outer wall panel is made of a hard face material such as wood chip cement board, and the inner wall panel is made of noncombustible material such as gypsum board. Face material is used. Further, a sound absorbing heat insulating material such as glass wool or rock wool is filled between the outer wall panel and the inner wall panel. The wall panel is the first-floor building unit 1
Will be attached depending on which part of the building is constructed.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a building unit (hereinafter referred to as a second-floor third-floor building unit, a second-floor (third-floor) building unit, etc.) that constitutes the second-floor and third-floor room portions of the three-story unit building of this example. It is a figure. 2nd and 3rd floor building unit 10
Is a wood-based living room unit formed by applying the wall-type construction method. As shown in the figure, wall panels 12, 12, ... Are erected along three side edges of the floor panel 11. Is configured.

The floor panel 11 comprises floor joists 13, 13,
... and the side joists 14 and 14 at the outermost edge, and the end joists 15 and 15 are nailed in a state of sticking to these cusps to form a rectangular frame, and further the floor joists 13, 13, ... and the side joists 14 , 14 are also attached to each other to form a floor frame, and a face member 17 such as structural plywood or particle board is formed on the upper surface of the floor frame and a head is formed on the lower surface of the floor frame. The joints 18, 18, ... Are attached and configured. The above head tie 18,18, ...
Is on the back side of the floor panel 11 and on the lower surface of the side joists 14 and end joists 15 that are to be arranged directly above the corresponding ceiling girders 4 of the first-floor building unit 1, and these joists 1
4, 15 are abutted and fixed along the lengthwise direction, and one side edge portion is projected to the inside of the floor panel 11 rather than the inner surfaces of these joists 14 and 15. Each head joint 18 is brought into contact with the upper flange surface of the ceiling girder 4 of the corresponding first-floor building unit 1 and joined with a bolt during assembly and construction of the unit building.

Each of the wall panels 12 has vertical frames 19, 19,
The upper frame 20 and the lower frame 21 are respectively nailed at the upper end and the lower end of each of the upper end and the lower end to form a wall frame, and a plaster board or a wood chip cement plate is provided on both inner and outer surfaces of the wall frame. The face members 22 and 22 are attached, and a heat insulating material is loaded inside. Further, openings such as entrances and exits and windows are formed in these wall panels 12 as needed. It should be noted that 204 materials (thickness: 38 mm, width: 8 mm) referred to in the JAS dimensional format that has been widely used as a structural material for a wooden two-story unit building
9 mm) is also used as it is for the vertical frames 19, 19, ... In this example.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the structure of the joint portion of the second-floor third-floor building unit 10. As shown in the figure, the wall panel 12 is erected on the floor panel 11 by nailing it in the lower frame 21. 3 shows the second-floor third-floor building unit 10 in which the wall panel 12 is erected on the three side edges of the floor panel 11 to form a U-shaped wall, the second-floor third-floor building unit 10 is Depending on which part of the building is formed, for example, a second-floor third-floor building unit forming an L-shaped wall and a second-floor third-floor building unit forming a two-shaped wall are also formed.

A plurality of upper and lower floor joining bolts 23 are planted in the upper frame 20 at a predetermined distance from each other and with the male screw portions protruding upward. In the second-floor building unit 10, the upper and lower floor joining bolts 23 are used to fix the third-floor building unit 10 placed immediately above, while the third-floor building unit 10 corresponds to the third-floor building unit 10. Used to fix the roof unit. On the other hand, each head joint 18 has upper and lower joint bolts 9,
Bolt insertion holes 24 for inserting 23 are formed along the longitudinal direction and at a plurality of locations corresponding to the upper and lower joining bolts 9, 23. In this way, the upper and lower floor joining bolts 9 planted on the ceiling girders 4 of the first-floor building unit 1 are inserted into the bolt insertion holes 24 formed in the respective head joints 18 of the second-floor building unit 10. On the other hand, on the other hand, the bolt insertion hole 24 formed in each head connection 18 of the third-floor building unit 10 has the second-floor building unit 10
The upper and lower joint bolts 23 planted in the upper frame 20 are inserted.

The first-floor building unit 1 and the second-floor third-floor building unit 10 having the above-mentioned structure are produced in advance in a factory as a box-shaped product having a transportable size in order to increase the industrial production rate of the building. It is transported to the site, hoisted by a crane, and constructed and assembled. FIG. 5 schematically shows the three-story unit building 25 completed in this way, and FIG. 6 shows the three-story unit building 25 partially disassembled for each floor. As shown in FIG. 6, the first-floor portion is composed of steel-framed first-floor building units 1, 1, ..., And the second and third floor portions are wooden-based second-floor third-floor building units 10, 10 ,.
It consists of ... First floor building unit 1,1,
Are fastened and fixed to the foundation 26 with anchor bolts, and the adjacent first floor building units 1 and 1 are rigidly joined to each other between the beams via a joint plate (not shown). As shown in FIG. 7, when the first-floor building unit 1 and the second-floor building unit 10 are joined together, when the second-floor building unit 10 is placed on the upper part of the first-floor building unit, each head is passed through the bolt insertion holes 24. This is done by screwing nuts 27 onto the upper and lower joint bolts 9 of the ceiling girder 4 protruding from the upper surface of the joint 18. On the other hand, the second-floor building units 10, 10 are mutually joined between the upper frame and the upper frame via a joint plate (not shown). Similarly, the second floor building unit 10 and the third floor building unit 10 are joined to each other when the third floor building unit 10 is placed on the upper portion of the second floor building unit 10 as shown in FIG.
Upper frame 2 protruding from the upper surface of each head joint 18 via 4
It is made by screwing a nut 28 onto each of the upper and lower joint bolts 23 of No. 0.

As described above, according to the above construction, the steel frame building unit is used in the first floor portion where the load is the largest, and the head joints 18 of the second floor building unit 10 are used.
However, since it is bolted to the upper surface of the ceiling girder 4 of the first-floor building unit 1 in a state of abutting, the load and external stress dispersedly acting on the entire upper-floor wall panel are surely ensured. Transmitted to the set. Therefore, even if it receives excessive snow load, wind load, seismic force, etc., there is no fear that the building will collapse. on the other hand,
Since a wooden building unit is used for the three-story portion where the load is light, the three-story unit building can be constructed and assembled at low cost as a whole.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, the specific structure is not limited to this embodiment, and there are design changes and the like within the scope not departing from the gist of the present invention. Also included in the present invention. For example, the joint between the steel-based first-floor building unit and the wood-based second-floor building unit is not limited to the case where it is provided between the ceiling girder and the head joint.
It may be provided between the head joints. Similarly, the steel-frame-based first-floor building units may be joined not only between the beams but also between the columns. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the second-floor building unit is made of a wooden material has been described, but it may be appropriately made of a steel frame material.
Even if it does in this way, it is economically advantageous as compared with the case where all are composed of a steel frame system.

[0023]

As described above, in the three-story unit building of the present invention, since the third floor portion of the building having a light load is constructed by the wooden building unit, the construction and assembly at low cost. it can. On the other hand, the first-floor portion, which bears a heavy load, is made up of steel-framed building units, so even if it receives excessive snow load, wind load, seismic force, etc., the building will not collapse.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a frame structure of a first-floor building unit that constitutes a first-floor room portion of a three-story unit building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the same body structure.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a second-floor third-floor building unit constituting a second-floor third-floor room portion of the same three-story unit building.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a joint portion of the second-floor third-floor building unit.

FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the same three-story unit building.

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the same three-story unit building, which is partially exploded for each floor.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a joint portion of the same three-story unit building.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 First-floor building unit (steel-frame building unit) 2 Pillars (steel pillars) 3 Floor girders 4 Ceiling girders 10 Second-floor third-floor building unit (Wooden building unit) 11 Floor panel 12 Wall panel 17 Face material 18 Head splice ( 25 pieces of three-story unit building

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A three-story unit, characterized in that at least the third floor of the building is constructed of a wooden building unit, while at least the first floor portion supporting the third floor is constructed of a steel building unit. building. 2. The wooden building unit is constructed by assembling a floor panel and a wall panel in which a structural face material is attached to a wooden floor frame and a wall frame into a box shape, while the steel frame is used. The system building unit has a box-shaped steel frame assembled by rigidly connecting a ceiling girder and a floor girder made of shaped steel between the upper and lower ends of the steel columns at the four corners, respectively. A three-story unit building according to item 1. 3. A joint lower frame is attached and fixed to the wooden building unit along the lower surface side edge of a floor panel arranged directly above the ceiling girder of the steel building unit, The three-story unit building according to claim 2, wherein the joint lower frame is bolted to the ceiling girder immediately below in a contact state.