JPH07143814A - Head-forming vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce labor and to improve operation efficiency by readily mechanizing harvesting operation for vegetables such as cabbage. CONSTITUTION:A pair of right and left digging discs 15 for sandwiching a stem at the lower part of a head of a vegetable 8 and pulling out upward are inclined front low and rear high, the discs 15 are forced to rotate and the head of the vegetable 8 is placed on the upper side of the discs 15.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a headed vegetable harvester for harvesting cabbage, lettuce, Chinese cabbage and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, headed vegetables such as cabbage, lettuce and Chinese cabbage have been manually harvested by an operator by judging the hardness of the leaf bulb.

[0003]

In the conventional harvesting work, the delivery of the leaf balls was mechanized by using a carrier truck.
Since the work of cutting the stems and stacking the leaf balls on the trolley depends on human power, there is a problem that the labor and work efficiency cannot be easily reduced.

[0004]

Therefore, according to the present invention, a pair of right and left excavating discs for sandwiching the lower stem of a vegetable leaf bulb and pulling it upward are installed obliquely in the front low and rear high, and the disc is forced. It is configured so that the leaf balls of the vegetables are placed on the upper surface side of the disc by rotating, and the pulling operation can be performed without attaching the soil to the leaf balls, which can prevent the commercial value of the vegetables from decreasing and at the same time It is possible to easily reduce labor and improve work efficiency.

Further, a pair of left and right carriers for holding the leaf bulbs of the vegetables from both sides and a guide body for supporting the leaf bulbs of the vegetables from below are provided, and the transport body and the guide body are tilted forward, backward, rearward and high. It is possible to support vegetables on the carrier so as to wrap the leaf bulb and stabilize the transportation posture of the vegetable with the guide body, to prevent damage to the leaf bulb and reduce the labor of loading into containers etc. Can be easily performed.

Further, a pair of left and right conveyors holding the leaf bulbs of the vegetables from both sides are obliquely installed in a front lower position and a rear height, and a cutter for cutting and removing the roots of the vegetables is provided on the feeding end side of the conveyors. In addition, the transporter can support the vegetables so as to wrap the leaf bulb, the root can be cut by a cutter at an appropriate position, and the leaf bulb and the non-bulb outer leaf can be easily separated.

[0007] Further, a digging disk for extracting vegetables and a carrier for carrying vegetables are provided, and a means for synchronizing the rotation speed of the disk and the feed speed of the carrier with the vehicle speed of the traveling machine body is provided. The disk rotation speed is set to be high and the feeding speed of the carrier is set to be higher than the disk rotation speed, so that the vegetables can be extracted by the disk and the vegetables can be transferred by the carrier reliably. It is possible to easily prevent clogging on the way and speed up the harvesting work.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the pulling-out work section, FIG. 2 is a left side view of the whole, and FIG. 3 is a right side view of the same. The traveling crawler (1) is mounted on a track frame (2), and the track frame (2) is mounted. A driver's cab (6) having a driver's seat (4) and a driver's seat (5) installed on the upper side of the driver's seat (4) is arranged at the left front part of the driver's seat (3), and a driver's seat (4) is provided below the driver's seat (4). The engine (7) is installed inside, and the pulling out work unit (9) that lifts vegetables (8) such as cabbage to the ground, the sorting work unit (10) that removes excess outer leaves, and the vegetables (8) ) And a workbench (12),
The rearrangement work unit (10) including the auxiliary work table (13) and the horizontal conveyor (14) is adjacent to the right side of the auxiliary work table (12), and the auxiliary work table (12) is provided on the left side or the rear side of the cab (6). Forming the driver's seat (4) and auxiliary worktable (1
A worker boarded in 2) and let the machine run, and vegetables (8)
Is configured to be continuously harvested.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the pulling-out working section (9) includes a star wheel type excavation disk (15) and an endless belt type front-rear carrier (16) (1).
7) and an upper surface conveyor (18) and a tire-shaped guide ring (19), and a pair of left and right excavating disks (15) that sandwiches the stem below the bulb of the vegetable (8) and pulls it upward.
The disk (15) is formed by obliquely mounting the disk (15) in the front low and rear high.
Forcibly rotate the vegetables (8) on the upper side of the disc (15).
A pair of left and right transporters (16) (17) for holding the leaf balls of the vegetables (8) and holding the leaf balls of the vegetables (8) from both sides, and a pair of left and right round pipes for supporting the leaf balls of the vegetables from below. Front and rear guide bodies (20) and (21) are provided, and the transport bodies (16) and (17) and the guide bodies (20) and (21) are obliquely installed in a front low rear high, and the roots of the vegetables (8) are The front and rear cutters (22) and (23) for cutting and removing the front and rear transport bodies (16)
It is provided on the feed end side of (17), and the disc (1
The inclination angle of the front conveying body (16) is formed to be substantially equal to or larger than the inclination angle of 5), while the front conveying body (16) is formed.
The rear carrier (17) is formed to have a larger inclination angle.

Further, a pair of left and right guide wheels (19) (19) are grounded on both side shoulders of the ridge (24) of the vegetable (8), and the left and right discs are operated by operating the left and right position adjusting tools (25) (25). (15) (15) and front carrier (16) (16)
Adjust the distance between the feed start ends of the
5) etc. are displaced in the left-right direction while keeping the intervals substantially constant, and the front carrier (16) is rocked to the left and right to form the forward and rear carrier (16) (17) transfer paths in a V shape in plan view. The upper end of the upper conveyor (18) is moved up and down by operating the height adjuster (26) so that the distance between the upper end of the upper conveyor (18) and the cutter (22) is adjusted. I am configuring.

Then, the vegetables (8) on the upper surface of the ridge (24) are pulled out by the digging disk (15), and the disk (1) is removed.
5) The vegetables (8) on the upper surface are clamped from both sides by the front carrier (16) and transferred backward, and the root net portion of the vegetables (8) is cut off by the cutter (22) at the feeding end portion,
After that, the vegetables (8) are transferred to the rear carrier (17), clamped and held from both sides and transferred to the rear, and the height of the vegetables (8) is limited by the upper conveyor (18) at the feeding end of the rear carrier (17). The middle of the stem of (8) is cut by a cutter (23) to cut off a part of the stem and the entire root, and the left and right rear transporters (1
7) (17) The vegetables (8) are tumbled on the horizontal conveyor (14) through the chevron chute (27) which is inserted between the end of the feeding, and the worker of the auxiliary workbench (12) drops the vegetables (8). After carrying out rearrangement work such as removal of extra outer leaves, the vegetables (8) should be tumbled from the feed end of the horizontal conveyor (14) into the container (11) through the leaf spring type shock absorbing chute (14a). I am configuring.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the front-rear transport frame (2) on which the front-rear transport bodies (16) (17) are mounted.
8) and (29), the frames (28) and (29) are foldably connected in the left-right direction via the vertical axis (30), and the rear conveyance frame (29) is connected to the rolling fulcrum frame (3
1), an elevating fulcrum shaft (32) is provided on the rear side of the rolling fulcrum frame (31), and a horizontal pivoting fulcrum shaft (33) is provided.
The lifting fulcrum shaft (32) is attached to the machine base (3) via the, and the left and right slide shafts (34) are provided on the front side of the rolling fulcrum frame (31), and the left and right slide shafts (34) are installed via the hydraulic lifting cylinder (35). ) Is connected to the front part of the machine base (3), and the front part of the pulling work part (9) is moved up and down around the elevating fulcrum shaft (32) by operating the elevating cylinder (35) to move the left and right slide shafts (34). By the guide, the front part of the extraction work part (9) is displaced in the left-right direction around the horizontal rotation fulcrum shaft (33), and the left and right guide wheels (19) (19) are attached to the front transport frames (28) (28) by the axles. Frame (3
6) Mounted vertically via the (36), the left and right axle frames (36) (36) are connected to the rear conveyance frame (29) through the left and right rolling links (37) (37), and the machine base (3 The left and right guide wheels (1
9) When the (19) moves up and down in different directions, the pulling work section (9) is tilted via the rolling link (37) in the direction opposite to the tilt of the machine base (3), and the pulling work section (9). Is configured to automatically perform a rolling control operation for supporting the substantially horizontal.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the lift table (3
A mast (39) for vertically moving the lifting base (8) and a hydraulic lift cylinder (40) for lifting and lowering the lift base (38) are attached to the rear part of the auxiliary work base (12), and the fork type loading base (4) is installed.
(1) is provided on the lift base (38) so as to be slidable left and right, and the container (11) is slidably mounted on the upper surface of the loading platform (41) via the guide rollers (42) and the rails (43). (44) The lift cylinder (40) is driven by operating the plunger pump (45).
Is operated to move the container (11) up and down, while the container (11) is slid left and right, and the vegetables (8) are put into the container (11).

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the axle (47) and the axle case (48) provided between the traveling mission case (46) and the right track frame (2) are formed to be expandable and contractible, and the screw shaft (49) is provided. And the right track frame (2) is provided on the right side of the machine base (3) so as to be displaceable in the left-right direction via the slide shaft (50), and the tread adjustment handle (51) is detachably provided on the screw shaft (49). The right truck frame (2) is moved toward and away from the right side of the machine base (3), the right traveling crawler mounting position is changed to the left and right, and between the planting rows of the vegetables (8) or adjacent ridges (24) intervals or ridges (24). ) Left and right running crawlers (1) (1) according to width etc.
Along with changing the spacing, the front and rear centerline of the work machine (52)
Align the position to the left running crawler (1) side on the non-adjustment side,
When the distance between the left and right running crawlers (1) (1) is the smallest,
The center between the left and right traveling crawlers (1) (1) and the airframe center line (52) are substantially aligned with each other.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the left and right traveling crawlers (1) (1) are placed through a traveling mission case (46).
Traveling hydraulic pump (53) that transmits engine (7) output to
And the hydraulic motor (54), the extraction disk (15), the extraction hydraulic pump (55) and the hydraulic motor (56) for transmitting the output of the engine (7) to the front carrier (16), the rear carrier (17), and Top conveyor (18) and cutter (2
3) Transport hydraulic pump (5) that transmits engine (7) output to
7) and a hydraulic motor (58), and a driving operation unit (5)
Each hydraulic pump (5
3) A throttle valve type speed control valve (60) (61) for adjusting the output of the hydraulic motors (56) (58) while adjusting the outputs of (55) (57) and a fine adjustment lever for manual operation ( 62) and (63) are provided, and a travel speed change lever (59) is provided which is a means for synchronizing the rotational speed of the disk (15) and the feed speed of the carriers (16) and (17) with the vehicle speed of the traveling machine body. The rotation speed of the disk (15) is always higher than the vehicle speed, and the feeding speed of the rear carrier (17) is always higher than the rotation speed of the disk (15). In addition, the rear carrier (1
The cutter (23) is rotated so that the cutting speed of the cutter (23) is faster than the vegetable (8) feeding speed of 7).

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the wire core (6
4) Non-stretch upper and lower V-belts containing (64) (65)
(65) and the V-belts (65) and (65) are integrally connected to each other at their both ends by rubber plate-shaped cross rails (6) having good elasticity.
6) and so on, the front and rear transport bodies (16) and (17) are formed in a ladder shape. As shown in FIG. 4, the horizontal rails (66) are pressed against the left and right side surfaces of the vegetables (8) to bring the vegetables ( 8) It is configured to be held by a horizontal crosspiece (66) so as to wrap the leaf ball.

[0017]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention has a pair of right and left excavation disks (15) (15) for lowering the stem below the bulb of the vegetable (8) and pulling it upward. It is constructed so that the disc (15) is forcibly rotated at a rear height and the leaf bulb of the vegetable (8) is placed on the upper surface side of the disc (15), and the leaf bulb is pulled out without attaching soil. It is possible to prevent the reduction of the commercial value of the vegetables (8), and it is possible to easily reduce the labor of the vegetables (8) extraction work and improve the work efficiency.

Further, a pair of left and right carriers (16) (17) for holding the leaf bulb portion of the vegetable (8) from both sides, and guide bodies (20) (21) for supporting the leaf bulb of the vegetable from the lower side. Provided, said carrier (16) (17) and guide body (20)
(21) is slanted from front to back and back to height so that the transporter (16) (17) can support the vegetables (8) so as to wrap the leaf bulb, and the transporting posture of the vegetables (8). Can be stabilized by the guide bodies (20) and (21),
It is possible to easily prevent the damage of the leaf bulb and reduce the labor of loading the container (11) or the like.

Further, a pair of left and right transporters (16) and (17) holding the leaf bulb portion of the vegetable (8) from both sides are installed obliquely to the front, rear and rear, and the root of the vegetable (8) is cut and removed. Cutters (22) and (23) are provided on the feed end side of the transport bodies (16) and (17), and the transport bodies (16) and (17) support the vegetables (8) so as to wrap the leaf bulb. In addition to the above, the cutting of the roots by the cutters (22) and (23) can be performed at an appropriate position, and the leaf bulb and the non-leafball outer leaf can be easily separated.

Further, the excavation disk (15) for pulling out the vegetables (8) and the carriers (16) (17) for carrying the vegetables (8).
And a means (59) for synchronizing the rotation speed of the disk (15) and the feed speed of the carriers (16) and (17) with the vehicle speed of the traveling machine body, so that the rotation speed of the disk (15) is higher than the vehicle speed. The feeding speed of the carrier (17) is set to be higher than the rotation speed of the disc (15), and the vegetables (8) are extracted by the disc (15) and the carrier (17) is used. The vegetables (8) can be reliably transferred, and it is possible to easily prevent clogging in the middle of the route and speed up the harvesting work.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a drawing work unit.

FIG. 2 is an overall left side view.

FIG. 3 is a right side view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a front explanatory view of a carrier.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory side view of the same.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory plan view of a traveling crawler.

FIG. 7 is a drive hydraulic circuit diagram.

FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged perspective view of a carrier.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (8) Vegetables (15) Horitori disk (16) (17) Transport body (20) (21) Guide body (22) (23) Cutter (59) Travel speed change lever

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pair of left and right excavating disks for sandwiching a stem below the leaf bulb of a vegetable and pulling it upward is obliquely installed in a front lower and a higher position, and the disc is forcibly rotated so that the vegetable leaf is on the upper surface side of the disc. A headed vegetable harvester characterized by being configured to carry balls. 2. A pair of left and right carriers for holding the leaf spheres of the vegetables from both sides and a guide body for supporting the leaf spheres of the vegetables from below are provided, and the conveyors and the guides are inclined forward, rearward and rearward. A heading vegetable harvester characterized by being installed. 3. A pair of left and right carriers for holding a vegetable bulb part from both sides are obliquely provided in a front lower position and a rear height, and a cutter for cutting and removing a vegetable root is provided on a feeding end side of the carrier. A headed vegetable harvester characterized by that. 4. A digging disk for extracting vegetables and a carrier for carrying vegetables, and means for synchronizing the rotation speed of the disk and the feed speed of the carrier with the vehicle speed of the traveling machine body are provided. Increase the disk rotation speed,
Further, a headed vegetable harvester characterized in that the feeding speed of the carrier is set to be higher than the rotational speed of the disk.