JPH0714351B2 - Method for extracting medicinal components from mycelial culture - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an extraction method capable of extracting a medicinal component at low cost from a mycelial culture such as shiitake mushroom.

<< Prior Art and its Problems >> The present inventors have already completed many inventions regarding a method for extracting a medicinal component from a mycelium culture such as shiitake mushroom (Japanese Patent Publication Nos. 52-9723, 53). −23392, Japanese Patent Publication Sho 53
-10127, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 55-6350), not only the above-mentioned medicinal ingredients are effective against animals and plant viruses,
It has been found that it has an anti-cancer effect and an immunological activity (JP-A-55-157517, JP-A-59-204129, JP-A-58).
-118519).

By the way, generally, the following steps have been taken in extracting the medicinal component as described above. That is, after crushing the mycelium culture in which the mycelium is fully ripe in the medium, the crushed mycelium culture is filled in a tank, and water is added to heat and the medicinal component is leached out in water. The turbid liquid is pressurized and filtered to extract the medicinal component.

Then, according to the extraction means as described above, since the crushed mycelium culture has not been inactivated at this stage,
If it is stored as it is in a storage room at room temperature, it may be spoiled by self-digestion of mycelium. Therefore, in order to inactivate the autolysis of mycelium culture, it has conventionally been necessary to store the mycelium culture in a large refrigerator kept at 4 ° C or lower. That is, the conventional extraction means has a problem that the installation cost and the extraction cost are increased because a large refrigerating room is required.

<< Object of the Invention >> The present invention has been made in view of the above problems.
It is intended to extract medicinal components from a mycelium culture at low cost.

<< Structure and Effect of the Invention >> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a step of culturing Shiitake mycelium in a solid medium containing bagasse as a main material, and a culture of the fully matured Shiitake mycelium in the above step. The step of crushing the whole material together with the medium, and the crushed mycelium culture obtained by the above step are dried by aeration and heating at about 80 ° C for 3 to 4 hours, and the internal temperature is kept at around 60 ° C and the water content is 3 to 5%. Obtained by the above-mentioned step, a step of accelerating the self-digestion of mycelium by drying until And a step of extracting the medicinal component by pressurizing and filtering the leached solution.

As described above, the present invention uses a crushed mycelium culture at about 80 ° C.
The mycelium can be deactivated at the same time as it causes autolysis by heating and drying under aeration for 3 to 4 hours.
Therefore, after this step, even if the mycelium culture is temporarily stored at room temperature, there is no risk of spoilage and the like, and therefore a large refrigerating chamber unlike the conventional case is not required for extracting the medicinal components, so that the installation cost is low. It is possible to extract medicinal components cheaply and at low cost.

Moreover, since bagasse, which is originally discarded and easily available, is used as the main medium of the culture medium, more effective components can be extracted at low cost.

Furthermore, by undergoing the boiling step, it is possible to perform extraction in a short time and with a high yield as compared with the conventional hot water extraction, and particularly, the mitogenic active substance can be stably extracted.

<< Explanation of Examples >> As the basidiomycetes used in the present invention, shiitake mycelia were used. The reason is that the active ingredient has high activity and is excellent.

As the solid medium used, a bagasse medium containing bagasse as a main material was adopted. The reason for this is that bagasse (sugar cane meal) is originally discarded, and it is easy to obtain it, and it has the advantage that a medium can be produced at low cost.

Culture of mycelium is no different from conventional culture.

The most significant feature of the present invention is that the crushed mycelium culture is dried by aeration and heating at about 80 ° C. for 3 to 4 hours. That is, the mycelium culture is stored in a drying chamber, heated by a heater and forcedly aerated.
By this heating, the surface temperature of the mycelium culture is heated to about 80 ° C, but the internal temperature is maintained at around 60 ° C, and the water content is 3 ° C.
Dry to ~ 5%.

Further, this heating promotes the autolysis of mycelium, and finally deactivates it, and the autolysis of the mycelium by this aeration heating separates the medicinal components and accumulates the metabolites.

Next, the mycelium culture crushed as described above is filled in a tank, watered and boiled. By this boiling, the mycelial metabolites and the active ingredient contained in the mycelial cell liquid can be leached into water in a short time and with good yield, and particularly, the mitogen active substance can be stably extracted.

The suspension thus obtained is filled in a filter bag of flannel cloth, which is pressurized and filtered, and the filtrate is filtered through a membrane filter to sterilize, and the metabolites and mycelium in the mycelium culture are collected. Extract the active substance contained in it.

Therefore, when actually commercializing the present invention,
Concentrate with an ultrafiltration membrane and freeze-dry to give a powder.

Moreover, as a result of analyzing the substance extracted by the present invention,
It contained sugar, protein, and many other inorganic components.

Furthermore, it was found that the substance extracted by the present invention is effective against animals and plant viruses, exhibits anti-cancer action and immunoreactive action, and is more recently effective as a therapeutic agent for AIDS.

(Example) A solid medium containing 90% bagasse, 5% rice bran, and 5% nutrient sources such as bran is sterilized by a conventional method, and this is inoculated with a solid inoculum of shiitake mushroom. The inoculated medium should be at room temperature 20-25 ° C and humidity.
Transfer to a 60% conditioned culture room and incubate for 4-6 months. The culture medium in which the mycelium is spread is transferred to a temperature treatment chamber where the temperature is changed. First at high temperature under 32-34 ℃,
Heat for 24 to 48 hours, then move to low temperature treatment room 5 to 8 ℃,
Low temperature treatment is performed at 85% humidity.

The temperature changing process is not an absolute condition, and it is ideal to perform the temperature changing process for stable quality.

The medium that has been subjected to the temperature treatment is transferred to the cultivation room and left to stand. Then, the development of shiitake mushroom body starts from the surface of the medium,
At this point, the medium is taken out of the cultivation room and crushed with a crusher to the size of thumb. After that, at about 80 ℃, 3 ~
Air-drying is carried out for 4 hours to carry out self-digestion of mycelium, promote metabolic action of mycelium, and water content of 3-5.
Dry to%.

Then, about 5 g of water is added to 600 g of a mycelium culture, which is a dried medium containing the autolyzed components and metabolites of mycelium, and the mixture is boiled and stirred for about 1 hour. By this boiling and stirring, the metabolites of the mycelium and the active ingredient contained in the mycelial cell liquid are leached into water.

The suspension thus obtained is filled in a filter bag of flannel cloth, filtered under pressure, and the filtrate is sterilized by filtration through a membrane filter to be contained in metabolites of mycelium culture and mycelium cell liquid. Extract the effective substances that have been identified. Thereafter, when the active substance is commercialized, the extract is concentrated under pressure with an ultrafiltration membrane or the like and freeze-dried to obtain a brown powder.

The substances obtained as described above were quantified by phenol / concentrated sulfuric acid and the Lowry method, and the results were 44.0% sugar, 24.
6% and other 31.4% were contained.

In addition, as a result of quantifying the sugar composition of the polysaccharide component having the main physiological activity, Glucose 27.5%, Galactose 3.1%, Mannose 6.7%, Xylose 30.9%, Arabinose 30.5%,
Contains 0.7% fucos and 0.6% fams nose,
Further analysis by irradiation analysis revealed that inorganic components such as potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, germanium, bromine, rubidium and strontium were contained.

It was tested that the substance obtained by this extraction method is effective against animal and plant viruses as described above, has anti-tumor effect and immunoreactive effect, and is also effective against AIDS virus recently. Was confirmed.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A step of culturing Shiitake mycelium in a solid medium containing bagasse as a main material, a step of crushing a matured Shiitake mycelium culture cultivated in the above step together with the medium, The crushed mycelium culture was aerated and dried at about 80 ° C. for 3 to 4 hours to maintain the internal temperature at about 60 ° C. and to a water content of 3 to 5% to promote autolysis of mycelium. And inactivating, the step of adding water to the mycelium culture obtained by the above step and boiling to leaching the medicinal component, pressurizing and filtering the leaching solution obtained by the above step, medicinal component And a step of extracting medicinal components from the mycelium culture.