JPH07143063A - Data communication method and data communication equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize simultaneous multiplex communication by (n) to (n) and to reduce mutual interference among communication signals so as to speed up data transmission speed on data communication method/device by radio using an electromagnetic wave having a frequency higher than a milimeter wave as a carrier. CONSTITUTION:Transmission devices l narrow the outgoing angles 3 electromagnetic waves transmitted to respective reception devices 2 and irradiate diffusion areas 5 different in curve surfaces with the waves. The respective reception devices 2 receive the electromagnetic waves of self devices, which are diffused in the respective areas of the curve surfaces. The transmission devices 1 change the outgoing direction of the electromagnetic waves where the outgoing angles 3 are narrowed so as to irradiate the curve surfaces with the waves. The respective reception devices 2 respectively receive the electromagnetic waves of the self devices, which are reflected on the curve surfaces. The transmission devices narrow the outgoing expansion angles of the electromagnetic waves of the reception devices and emit light to the direction of the facing reception devices between the facing transmission devices and reception devices.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a data communication method and device used for data communication between computer terminals, for example. In particular, the present invention relates to a wireless data communication method and apparatus using an electromagnetic wave (for example, infrared ray) having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave as a carrier wave.

In recent years, local area networks (LA)
As represented by N), network communication technology for exchanging information between computer terminals has been developed. Moreover, portable terminals have become widespread due to personalization, and there is a demand for a wireless data communication method and apparatus capable of performing high-speed / multiplex communication between them.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 20, a conventional wireless data communication method and apparatus uses an electromagnetic wave having a frequency lower than that of a microwave (hereinafter referred to as "radio wave") as a carrier wave. That is, the radio wave transmitter 5
1, the radio wave 53 is transmitted through the antenna 52, and the radio wave 53 is received by the radio wave receiving device 55 through the antenna 54, and the radio wave 53 is modulated by various methods to perform data communication. . With this configuration, if the frequency of the radio wave that is the carrier wave is increased to several GHz or higher, a considerably high data transmission rate of several Mb / s can be obtained.

The advantage of using radio waves is that if there are many obstacles, the transmission distance becomes shorter, but direct sight is not required between communicating devices. However, the drawback is susceptible to interference with other wireless devices and electromagnetic noise emitted from various devices such as a fluorescent lamp and a motor. Due to laws and regulations regarding the use of radio waves, the usable frequency range is limited,
Furthermore, depending on the power used, it may be necessary to obtain a license, which requires cumbersome procedures regarding its use. Since the usable frequency is limited, if the number of multiplexed signals is increased in the case of performing multiplex communication, the transmission rate will decrease, and interference with other networks in the vicinity is likely to occur. Since radio waves easily seep outside through walls, it is difficult to keep the confidentiality of communications.

In order to overcome such drawbacks, a data communication method and apparatus using infrared rays as a carrier have been proposed. As an example, as shown in FIG. 21, an infrared ray 65 to be transmitted / received between the transmitting device 61 and the receiving device 62 facing each other is condensed by the condenser lenses 63 and 64 provided on both sides. Data communication is performed by modulating 65 by various methods. With this configuration, the data transmission speed can be as high as 2 to 120 Mb / s.

[0006] However, since infrared rays have a high straightness, a perfect line of sight is required between communicating devices, and there is a drawback that data transmission is instantaneously interrupted only by an obstacle passing through the line of sight. In addition, the transmitter 61 and the receiver 6 are installed at the time of installation.
It is difficult to apply it to something that moves such as a portable terminal, because precise positioning is required between the two. Further, it has been difficult to apply to one-to-n broadcast communication or multiplex communication in which the other party is different for each communication.

Therefore, in order to overcome the above drawbacks, a data communication method and device have been proposed in which infrared rays having a wide emission divergence angle are emitted from the transmission device and the incidence divergence angle of the reception device is widened to receive the data. As an example, as shown in FIG.
By irradiating the wall / ceiling 75 with the infrared rays 73 emitted in step (3), the infrared rays 74 reflected or diffused therein are received by the receiving device 72 having a wide incident divergence angle 77, and the infrared rays are modulated by various methods. Data communication is performed.

Unlike the configuration shown in FIG. 21, this configuration does not require a complete line-of-sight between the transmitting device 71 and the receiving device 72, and even if there is an obstacle on the line of sight, data communication is hindered. Absent. Therefore, it is not necessary to align the devices, and the device can be applied to a mobile terminal such as a mobile terminal that is frequently moved.

[0009]

However, in the data communication method and device shown in FIG. 22, the infrared optical path formed between the transmitter 71 and the receiver 72 has an exit divergence angle 76 and an incident divergence angle 77. In addition, there are a large number depending on the state of reflection or diffusion on the wall / ceiling 75. Along with this, the optical path 78 and the optical path 7 are transmitted to the receiving device 72, for example.
As shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of infrared rays having a delay time proportional to the difference in the optical path length are received. The effect of such multi-path is that the infrared ray having the next data cannot be received until the infrared ray that has passed the longest optical path is received by the receiving device 72 with the latest delay. Therefore, there is a problem that the data transmission speed becomes low.

Further, since the incident divergence angle 77 of the receiving device 72 is wide, it is easy to receive ambient light such as illumination light and sunlight, and shot noise increases. In order to avoid the effect of this shot noise, the data transmission rate had to be kept low.

As described above, by expanding the exit divergence angle 76 and the entrance divergence angle 77, it is not necessary to face each device for communication to perform alignment, but countermeasures against multipath and shot noise are new problems. It was. Furthermore, since the outgoing divergence angle 76 is widened, 1
Although it is possible to perform the broadcast communication with the pair n, it is difficult to perform the simultaneous multiplex communication with the pair n because the incident divergence angle 77 is wide. Therefore, the n-to-n multiplex communication must be performed by the time division method, which has a drawback that the data transmission rate becomes slow.

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for wireless data communication performed between computer terminals.
An object of the present invention is to enable simultaneous multiplex communication for pair n, reduce mutual interference between communication signals, and increase the data transmission speed.

[0013]

According to the data communication method of the invention described in claim 1, the emission spread angle of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the transmitting device to each receiving device is narrowed, and the electromagnetic waves are respectively irradiated to different regions of the curved surface. . Then, each receiving device receives the electromagnetic wave destined for the own device diffused in each area of the curved surface. In addition, the curved surface shall generate a diffuse wave.

In the data communication method according to the second aspect of the present invention, the emission spread angle of the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the transmission device to each reception device is narrowed down, and the emission direction of each is changed to irradiate the curved surface. Then, each receiving device receives the electromagnetic wave destined for the device itself reflected by the curved surface. In addition, a curved surface shall generate a reflected wave.

According to a third aspect of the data communication method of the present invention, between the transmitting device and the receiving device which face each other, the transmitting device narrows the emission spread angle of the electromagnetic wave to each receiving device, and the receiving device which faces each other. Emit in the direction.

According to a fourth aspect of the data communication method of the present invention, in each of the above data communication methods, the incident spread angle of the electromagnetic wave of the receiving device is narrowed and the incident direction of the electromagnetic wave is changed.

In the data communication method of the invention described in claim 5, in each of the above data communication methods, infrared rays are used as a carrier wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave. In the data communication device according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the transmitting device includes means for narrowing the outgoing spread angle of the electromagnetic wave and changing the outgoing direction.

According to a seventh aspect of the data communication apparatus of the present invention, the receiving apparatus includes means for narrowing the incident spread angle of the electromagnetic wave and changing the incident direction. The data communication device according to the invention of claim 8 is configured to use infrared rays as a carrier wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave and to transmit and receive infrared rays modulated with communication data.

[0019]

FIG. 1 shows the concept of the data communication method of the present invention. In the figure, when transmitting apparatus 1A transmits an electromagnetic wave carrying communication data on a carrier wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave, receiving apparatus 2 narrows the emission spread angle 3A of the electromagnetic wave narrowly.
Emit to A. Similarly, the transmitter 1B narrows the emission spread angle 3B of the electromagnetic wave and narrows it to the receiver 2B. Thereby, the paths 4A and 4B of the electromagnetic waves from the transmitters 1A and 1B to the receivers 2A and 2B can be made different from each other, and mutual interference can be prevented. Note that this is a data communication method (claims 1 and 2) in which an electromagnetic wave emitted from a transmitting device is reflected or diffused on a curved surface and enters a receiving device, and a receiving device in which the electromagnetic wave emitted from the transmitting device directly opposes. It is common to all the data communication methods (claim 3) of incident on.

In the data communication method (claim 1) of irradiating the curved surface where the diffused wave is generated with the electromagnetic wave and making the diffused wave incident on the receiving device, as shown in FIG. 1 (1), each of the paths 4A and 4B is different. Electromagnetic waves are applied to the diffusion regions 5A and 5B to diffuse them.

Further, in a data communication method (claim 2) in which a curved surface where a reflected wave is generated is irradiated with an electromagnetic wave and the reflected wave generated on the curved surface is made incident on a receiving device, as shown in FIG. Electromagnetic waves are emitted in the directions of the devices 2A and 2B and reflected at the reflection points 6A and 6B, respectively. In addition, reflection point 6
A and 6B may match as shown in the figure. Further, with this method, it is possible to realize simultaneous (non-time division) multiplex communication of n to n without narrowing the incident divergence angle of the receivers 2A and 2B.

Further, in the data communication method (claim 3) in which an electromagnetic wave is emitted from the transmitting device toward the opposite receiving device and the electromagnetic wave is directly incident on the receiving device, as shown in FIG. Electromagnetic waves are emitted in the direction of the devices 2A and 2B.

Here, FIG. 2 shows an example of the form of broadcast communication according to the present invention. As shown in (1), each of the receiving devices 2A to 2C receives the electromagnetic wave diffused in the curved diffusion region 5, so that one-to-n broadcast communication is possible. Also,
As shown in (2), a plurality of routes 4a, 4 from the transmitter 1
Broadcast communication is possible even if an electromagnetic wave having the same data on b is emitted. In that case, the path may be reflection, diffusion, or direct.

Next, the effect of narrowing the exit divergence angle 3 and the entrance divergence angle 7 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in (1), the emission divergence angle 3 of the transmitter 1 is narrowed (claims 1, 2 and 3).
The path length difference between the paths 4 ₀ , 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ that occurs in the range is small, and the paths outside the range indicated by the broken line can be excluded. Therefore, it is one of the limiting factors of data transmission speed.
It is possible to suppress the influence of multipath, which has become a problem.

Further, as shown in (2), by narrowing the incident divergence angle 7 of the receiving device 2 (claim 4), the influence of multipath can be suppressed in the same manner and the incident electromagnetic wave 8 in the surroundings can be suppressed. Can be stopped. Thereby, shot noise is reduced and the data transmission rate can be increased. In the data communication method (claim 1) shown in FIG. 1 (1), if the incident divergence angle 7 of the receivers 2A and 2B is narrowed down, n: n simultaneous multiplex communication becomes possible.

[0026]

EXAMPLE In the description of this example, an infrared ray is used as a carrier having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave, but the carrier wave is not limited to the infrared ray. In addition, the method of carrying communication data on infrared rays as a carrier wave is AM modulation, FM modulation, P
WM modulation, PPM modulation, PCM modulation, PSK modulation, FS
K modulation, spread spectrum modulation, and other modulation methods can be used.

4 to 7 show that when infrared rays are radiated,
It is a figure explaining the 1st example applied in the space surrounded by the curved surface of the material which produces a diffusion wave. In FIG. 4, 10
Is a curved surface on which infrared rays are diffused, and 11 is an obstacle. Here, it is assumed that the transmitter 1A and the receiver 2A communicate with each other, and the transmitter 1B and the receiver 2B communicate with each other. The transmitter 1A irradiates the diffusion area 5A of the curved surface 10 with the infrared rays 9A emitted at a narrow emission divergence angle 3A, and causes the infrared rays 9a diffused in the diffusion area 5A to enter the receiver 2A. The transmitter 1B irradiates the diffusion area 5B of the curved surface 10 with the infrared rays 9B emitted at a narrow emission divergence angle 3B, and causes the infrared rays 9b diffused in the diffusion area 5B to enter the reception apparatus 2B. At this time, the positions of the diffusion regions 5A and 5B are made different, and the receiving devices 2A and 2B are
By disposing each in the vicinity of B, the diffusion region 5
It is possible to reduce the probability that the infrared rays 9a and 9b diffused by A and 5B enter the receiving devices 2B and 2A on the opposite sides, respectively. That is, mutual interference between two sets of communication can be reduced.

Further, in the receivers 2A and 2B, the incident spread angles 7A and 7B are narrowed, so that the diffusion region 5 is formed.
It is possible to further reduce the probability that the infrared rays 9a and 9b diffused by A and 5B enter the receiving devices 2B and 2A on the opposite sides, respectively. That is, mutual interference between two sets of communication can be further reduced.

Since the positions of the diffusion regions 5A and 5B for diffusing the infrared rays 9A and 9B can be set arbitrarily,
The obstacle 11 can be easily avoided. The same applies when the transmitter 1A and the receiver 2B communicate with each other and the transmitter 1B and the receiver 2A communicate with each other.

Further, the above is the same even when the number of sets of communication increases, and by changing the regions for diffusing infrared rays, it is possible to perform n to n simultaneous multiplex communication without interfering with each other. . As a result, it is not necessary to reduce the data transmission rate even when the number of multiplexed signals increases, and it is possible to increase the data transmission rate in n to n simultaneous multiplex communication.

In FIG. 5, the size of the diffusion region 5A is determined corresponding to the size of the emission spread angle 3A of the transmitter 1A, and the maximum path length difference between the transmitter 1A and the receiver 2A is also determined. In the present invention, the difference between the path 4 ₀ and the path 4 ₁ from the transmission device 1A to the reception device 2A can be made sufficiently small by narrowing the emission spread angle 3A of the transmission device 1A. That is, the delay time (influence of multipath) due to the difference in the infrared paths can be reduced, and the data transmission speed can be increased.

In FIG. 6, by narrowing the incident spread angle 7A of the receiver 2A, the infrared rays 9a diffused in the diffusion area 5A can be mainly incident. That is, if the irradiation angle of the illumination light 14 or the sunlight 15 exceeds the incident divergence angle of the receiving device 2A, it is possible to reliably prevent the incident light to the receiving device 2A. As a result, shot noise is reduced and the data transmission speed can be increased. Since the position of the diffusion area 5A can be set arbitrarily, it is possible to easily deal with the case where the incident angle of the illumination light 14 or the sunlight 15 changes.

In FIG. 7, the transmitter 1A irradiates the diffusion area 5A of the curved surface 10 with infrared rays 9A emitted at a narrow emission spread angle 3A. In the diffusion area 5A, a large number of infrared rays 9a ₁ , 9a ₂ , ... Are generated by reflection and diffusion. Here, the receiving device 2A receives the infrared ray 9a ₁ ,
When B receives the infrared ray 9a ₂ , it is possible to perform one-to-two broadcast communication.

FIGS. 8 to 11 are views for explaining the second embodiment applied in the space surrounded by the curved surface of the material that produces the reflected wave when irradiated with infrared rays. In FIG.
Reference numeral 20 is a curved surface on which infrared rays are reflected, and 11 is an obstacle. Here, it is assumed that the transmitter 1A and the receiver 2A communicate with each other, and the transmitter 1B and the receiver 2B communicate with each other. The transmitter 1A is
The infrared rays 9A emitted at a narrow emission divergence angle 3A are emitted in a predetermined direction, and the infrared rays 9 reflected at the reflection point 6 on the curved surface 20.
a is incident on the receiving device 2A. The transmitter 1B emits the infrared ray 9B emitted at a narrow emission spread angle 3B in a predetermined direction, and makes the infrared ray 9b reflected at the reflection point 6 of the curved surface 20 incident on the receiver 2B. At this time, even if the infrared rays in each direction are reflected at the same reflection point 6, the infrared rays 9a and 9b reflected there are not incident on the receiving devices 2B and 2A on the opposite sides, respectively. In this way, the transmitters 1A, 2
By narrowing the divergence angles 3A and 3B of A and radiating infrared rays in the corresponding directions, mutual interference of two sets of communication can be eliminated. The reflection point 6 for reflecting infrared rays may be different for each communication set.

Further, by narrowing the incident divergence angles 7A and 7B in the receiving devices 2A and 2B, it is possible to reliably capture the infrared rays to the own device even if the receiving devices are adjacent to each other, and it is possible to connect the two sets of communication between It is possible to reduce mutual interference that occurs in the.

Since the position of the reflection point 6 for reflecting the infrared rays 9A and 9B can be set arbitrarily, the obstacle 1
1 can be easily avoided. The same applies when the transmitter 1A and the receiver 2B communicate with each other and the transmitter 1B and the receiver 2A communicate with each other.

Further, the above is the same even when the number of communication sets is large, and by changing the emission direction of infrared rays respectively, it is possible to perform n to n simultaneous multiplex communication without mutual interference. As a result, it is not necessary to reduce the data transmission rate even when the number of multiplexed signals increases, and it is possible to increase the data transmission rate in n to n simultaneous multiplex communication.

In FIG. 9, the size of the reflection point 6 is determined according to the size of the emission spread angle 3A of the transmitter 1A, and the maximum path length difference between the transmitter 1A and the receiver 2A is also determined. In the present invention, the difference between the path 4 ₀ and the path 4 ₁ from the transmission device 1A to the reception device 2A can be made sufficiently small by narrowing the emission spread angle 3A of the transmission device 1A. That is, the delay time (influence of multipath) due to the difference in the infrared paths can be reduced, and the data transmission speed can be increased.

In FIG. 10, by narrowing the incident spread angle 7A of the receiver 2A, the infrared rays 9a reflected at the reflection point 6 can be mainly incident. That is, if the irradiation angle of the illumination light 14 or the sunlight 15 exceeds the incident divergence angle of the receiving device 2A, it is possible to reliably prevent the incident light to the receiving device 2A. As a result, shot noise is reduced and the data transmission speed can be increased. Since the position of the reflection point 6 can be set arbitrarily, it is possible to easily cope with a change in the incident angle of the illumination light 14 or the sunlight 15.

In FIG. 11, the transmitter 1A emits infrared rays 9A ₁ and 9A ₂ corresponding to the broadcast number 2 with narrow emission spread angles 3A ₁ and 3A ₂ , respectively. Then, the infrared rays 9a ₁ reflected at the corresponding reflection points 6 ₁ and 6 ₂ ,
9a ₂ is received by each of the receivers 2A and 2B. Thereby, one-to-two broadcast communication can be performed.

12 to 15 are diagrams for explaining a third embodiment in which an electromagnetic wave is emitted from a transmitting device toward an opposite receiving device and the electromagnetic wave is directly incident on the receiving device. Figure 1
2, the transmitter 1A, the receiver 2A, and the transmitter 1
It is assumed that B and the receiving device 2B communicate with each other. Transmitter 1
A emits an infrared ray 9A with a narrow emission spread angle 3A toward the receiving device 2A and makes the infrared ray 9A directly enter the receiving device 2A. The transmitter 1B emits infrared rays 9B with a narrow emission spread angle 3B toward the receiver 2B, and makes the infrared rays 9B directly enter the receiver 2B. in this way,
Mutual interference between two sets of communication can be eliminated by narrowing the emission spread angles 3A and 3B of the transmitters 1A and 2A and emitting infrared rays toward the corresponding receivers.

Further, by narrowing the incident divergence angles 7A and 7B in the receivers 2A and 2B, it is possible to reliably capture the infrared light addressed to the receivers even if the receivers are adjacent to each other. It is possible to reduce mutual interference that occurs in the.

Further, the above is the same even when the number of communication sets is large, and by changing the emitting direction of infrared rays respectively, it is possible to perform n to n simultaneous multiplex communication without interfering with each other. As a result, it is not necessary to reduce the data transmission rate even when the number of multiplexed signals increases, and it is possible to increase the data transmission rate in n to n simultaneous multiplex communication.

In FIG. 13, the size of the exit spread angle 3A of the transmitter 1A and the entrance spread angle 7A of the receiver 2A are measured.
The maximum path length difference generated between the transmission device 1A and the reception device 2A is also determined according to the size of the above. In the present invention, by narrowing the exit divergence angle 3A and the entrance divergence angle 7A, it is possible to sufficiently reduce the difference between the path 4 ₀ and the path 4 ₁ from the transmitter 1A to the receiver 2A. That is, the delay time (influence of multipath) due to the difference in the infrared paths can be reduced, and the data transmission speed can be increased.

In FIG. 14, by narrowing the incident spread angle 7A of the receiver 2A, the infrared rays 9A emitted from the transmitter 1A can be mainly incident. That is, the irradiation angle of the illumination light 14 and the sunlight 15 is set to the reception device 2A.
If the incident divergence angle is exceeded, it is possible to reliably prevent the light from entering the receiving device 2A. As a result, shot noise is reduced and the data transmission speed can be increased. In addition, when the incident angle of the illumination light 14 or the sunlight 15 changes, the positional relationship between the transmitter 1A and the receiver 2A is changed.

In FIG. 15, the transmitter 1A emits infrared rays 9A ₁ and 9A ₂ corresponding to the broadcast number 2 with narrow emission spread angles 3A ₁ and 3A ₂ , respectively. Then, the corresponding receiving devices 2A and 2B are made to receive each. Thereby, one-to-two broadcast communication can be performed.

By the way, the first, second, and third embodiments
The embodiments may be combined depending on the situation.
As an example, FIG. 16 shows a combination example of the second and third embodiments.

In the figure, 20 is a curved surface reflecting infrared rays, and 11 is an obstacle. Here, it is assumed that the transmitter 1A and the receiver 2A communicate with each other, and the transmitter 1B and the receiver 2B communicate with each other. The transmitter 1A emits the infrared rays 9A emitted at a narrow emission spread angle 3A in a predetermined direction, and makes the infrared rays 9a reflected at the reflection point 6 of the curved surface 20 incident on the receiver 2A. The transmitter 1B emits infrared rays 9B with a narrow emission spread angle 3B toward the receiver 2B, and makes the infrared rays 9B directly enter the receiver 2B. In this way, the emission spread angles 3A and 3B of the transmitters 1A and 2A are narrowed, and infrared rays are emitted toward the corresponding receivers, whereby mutual interference between two sets of communication can be eliminated.

FIG. 17 shows the configuration of an embodiment for changing the emitting direction of infrared rays in the transmitting device. The configuration for changing the incident direction of infrared rays in the receiving device is also the same, and the configuration for the transmitting device may be reversed.

In the figure, (1) shows a structure in which the driving device 31 holds the transmitting device 1, and by operating the driving device 31, the posture of the transmitting device 1 is controlled and the emitting direction of infrared rays is controlled. It has become. A cable 32 connects the drive device 31 and the transmission device 1. In this configuration, the operation of the driving device 31 corresponds to the emission direction of infrared rays, so that the direction control is easy.

In (2), the driving device 31 holds the mirror 33,
The infrared ray emitted from the transmitter 1 is reflected by the mirror 33, and the emission direction of the infrared ray is controlled by setting the angle of the mirror 33. With this configuration, since the attitude of the mirror 33, which is lighter than that of the transmitter 1, may be controlled,
Directional control can be performed quickly and accurately.

In (3), the driving device 31 holds the lens 34, and the infrared light emitted from the transmitting device 1 is refracted by the lens 34. The mechanism for controlling the emitting direction of the infrared light by positioning the lens 34 is used. Has become. In this configuration, since the positioning of the lens 34 and the emission direction of infrared rays correspond to each other, the direction control is easy. Moreover, since the object to be driven is light like the mirror 34, direction control can be performed quickly and accurately.

FIG. 18 shows an embodiment of the driving device 31. In FIG. 18, the transmitter 1 (receiver 2), the mirror 33, and the lens 34 held by the drive device 31 are collectively referred to as an object 35.

In the figure, (1) shows a configuration in which two motors 36 and 37 having different rotation axes are combined. This structure can obtain a large driving capability. (2) is a configuration using a cylindrical piezo element 38. The cylindrical piezo element 38 is generally well known, and the object 35 can be moved by stretching the four piezo elements attached to the cylinder. This configuration has a relatively large drive capacity,
The response speed is also relatively fast. (3) is a configuration using electrostatic attraction. This is a mechanism in which the target object 35 is used as one electrode, a voltage is applied between the target electrode 35 and the other electrode 40 formed on the distant substrate 39, and the target object 35 is moved by an electrostatic attractive force generated between both electrodes. This structure is characterized by a high response speed. (4) is a configuration using electromagnetic attraction.
The magnetic material is included in the target object 35, and the target object 3 is generated by the electromagnetic force generated between the target object 35 and the electrode 42 formed on the distant substrate 41.
It is a mechanism to move 5. This structure is characterized by a high response speed.

FIG. 19 shows an embodiment configuration for narrowing the outgoing divergence angle of infrared rays in the transmitter. The configuration for narrowing the incident divergence angle of infrared rays in the receiving device is also the same, and the configuration for the transmitting device may be reversed.

In the figure, (1) has a configuration in which the infrared rays 9 emitted from the transmitter 1 are condensed using the lens 43 and the emission spread angle is set. (2) is a configuration in which the infrared rays 9 emitted from the transmitter 1 are condensed using the concave mirror 44 and the emission divergence angle is set.

[0057]

As described above, according to the present invention, by narrowing the outgoing divergence angle of the transmitter and making the paths of the electromagnetic waves emitted from the plurality of transmitters unique, a plurality of communication signals can be obtained. Mutual interference between them can be reduced. Further, by narrowing both the exit divergence angle of the transmitter and the entrance divergence angle of the receiver, mutual interference between a plurality of communication signals can be further reduced. Further, the influence of surrounding electromagnetic waves can be eliminated by narrowing the incident divergence angle of the receiving device. As a result, the data transmission speed can be increased, and n to n simultaneous multiplex communication can be enabled.

Furthermore, broadcast can be performed by irradiating a curved surface with an electromagnetic wave and receiving the diffused wave by a plurality of receiving devices, and by emitting an electromagnetic wave with a narrowed emission divergence angle in a plurality of directions. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the concept of a data communication method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of a form of broadcast communication according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the effect of narrowing the exit divergence angle 3 and the entrance divergence angle 7.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the output spread angle 3 and multipath in the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an incident divergence angle 7 and a shot noise generation source according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a form of broadcast communication according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the output divergence angle 3 and multipath in the second embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the incident divergence angle 7 and the shot noise generation source according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining an example of a form of broadcast communication in the second embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a third embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the output divergence angle 3 and multipath in the third embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an incident divergence angle 7 and a shot noise generation source according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a form of broadcast communication according to the third embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of a combination of the second embodiment and the third embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment for changing the emitting direction of infrared rays in the transmitting device.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing an example of a driving device 31.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment for narrowing the outgoing divergence angle of infrared rays in the transmitter.

FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating a conventional data communication device using radio waves.

FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a conventional data communication device using infrared rays.

FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating a conventional data communication device using infrared rays.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 transmitter 2 receiver 3 outgoing divergence angle 4 path 5 diffusion area 6 reflection point 7 incident divergence angle 8 ambient electromagnetic wave 9 infrared 10 curved surface (diffuse infrared ray) 11 obstacle 14 illumination light 15 sunlight 20 curved surface (reflection infrared ray ) 31 drive device 32 cable 33 mirror 34 lens 35 object 36, 37 motor 38 piezo element 39, 41 substrate 40, 42 electrode

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A transmitting device and a receiving device wirelessly transmit and receive an electromagnetic wave carrying communication data on a carrier wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave, in a space surrounded at least in part by a curved surface of a material that generates a diffuse wave. In the data communication method, the transmitting device narrows the outgoing divergence angle of the electromagnetic wave transmitted to each receiving device and irradiates each to different regions of the curved surface, and each receiving device diffuses in each region of the curved surface. A data communication method characterized in that it receives an electromagnetic wave addressed to its own device. 2. A transmitting device and a receiving device wirelessly transmit and receive an electromagnetic wave carrying communication data on a carrier wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave, in a space surrounded at least in part by a curved surface of a material that generates a reflected wave. In the data communication method, the transmitter irradiates the curved surface by narrowing the outgoing divergence angle of the electromagnetic wave transmitted to each receiving device and changing each outgoing direction, and each receiving device reflects on the curved surface. A data communication method, characterized in that each of the electromagnetic waves addressed to the own device is received. 3. A data communication method in which an opposing transmitting device and receiving device wirelessly transmit and receive an electromagnetic wave carrying communication data on a carrier wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave, wherein the transmitting device transmits to each receiving device. A data communication method, characterized in that an emission spread angle of an electromagnetic wave is narrowed and emitted toward a receiving device facing the electromagnetic wave. 4. The data communication method according to claim 1, wherein the incident spread angle of the electromagnetic wave received by the receiving device is narrowed down.
And a data communication method characterized by changing the incident direction of an electromagnetic wave. 5. The data communication method according to claim 1, wherein infrared rays are used as a carrier wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave. 6. A data communication device comprising a transmitting device and a receiving device for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves carrying communication data on a carrier wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave, wherein the transmitting device narrows an emission spread angle of the electromagnetic waves. And a data communication device comprising means for changing the emitting direction. 7. The data communication device according to claim 6, wherein the receiving device includes means for narrowing the incident spread angle of the electromagnetic wave and changing the incident direction. 8. The data communication device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the transmitting device and the receiving device use infrared rays as a carrier wave having a frequency higher than a millimeter wave, and transmit and receive infrared rays modulated with communication data. And a data communication device.