JPH071279A - Machining device with spray feeding function - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a machining device with a spray feeding function which is designed to always feed spray toward a machining part and exert an excellent cooling effect and lubricating effect on the machining part. CONSTITUTION:Spray feeding means 11 and 12 are attached to a rotary ring 6 horizontally moved at the periphery of a machining part and positioned in a given position. The spray is fed to the machining part from an arbitrary direction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a processing device with a function of supplying mist, which is capable of performing excellent cutting and polishing on a workpiece.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when cutting or polishing a workpiece, a water injection nozzle is extended toward the vicinity of the processing point to cool the heat generated by the collision between the workpiece and the processing tool. Liquid is sprayed from the nozzle. For example, in a machining center (compound machine tool),
As shown in FIG. 12, the tool holder 2 is attached to the lower end of the spindle (not visible in the drawing) in the main body 1, and the machining tool 4 is attached to the tool coupling shaft 2a at the tip thereof. A water injection nozzle 5 extends from the main body 1 side toward the processing tool 4.

However, since the water injection nozzle 5 is fixed to the machining center main body 1, when the machining point changes one after another, the direction of water injection cannot be made to follow the change, resulting in inappropriate water injection. It is not possible to effectively cool off the heat generated at the time. Therefore, it is dealt with by changing the nozzle direction with fingers one by one, but it is complicated and improvement thereof is desired.

On the other hand, the inventor of the present invention has developed a water injection device for a machining center capable of always injecting water toward a processing point, and has already filed a series of applications (Japanese Patent Application No. 62-70847, Showa). Application dated March 25, 1987).
An example of these devices is shown in FIG. This water injection device
A gear ring 6 is attached to the lower end portion of the spindle outer cylinder 3 of the machining center body 1 so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction and held by a support ring 7, and a water injection block 8 is attached to the lower end surface of the gear ring 6. In block 8,
The water injection pipe 9 is connected from the side so that water can be injected from the water injection nozzle 5.

According to the water injection device, the water injection nozzle 5 can be moved in the horizontal direction in accordance with the movement of the machining point only by turning the gear ring 6 by the appropriate rotation driving means provided on the side of the machining center body 1. It is possible to rotate to, and it is possible to always perform water injection aiming at the processing point. For example, as shown in FIG. 14A, a square workpiece 100
In the case of processing from around the point A to the point B, the water injection nozzle 5 is arranged as shown in the figure, and as shown in FIG. The water injection nozzle 5 is rotated 90 °. In this way, water injection can always be aimed at the processing point. For this reason,
Water can be injected more effectively than before.

[0006]

However, if water is injected during machining, water and chips are likely to collect in the machining recess when machining is performed with a large vertical machine tool such as the above machining center. On the contrary, the processing performance may deteriorate. Further, when cutting is performed by intermittently colliding a tool made of cemented carbide with a workpiece, the cutting edge becomes hot due to heat generation at the processing point and is cooled by liquid sprinkling at points other than the processing point. There is a problem that chipping (so-called “chipping” phenomenon) or cracking occurs due to repeated rapid thermal changes. Therefore, in such a case, although the liquid is not used and the machining waste is blown off only by the air flow, the cooling effect and the lubrication effect on the workpiece and the machining tool are insufficient only by the air flow.
In addition, instead of spraying the liquid as it is, it is also sprayed in a mist form to give lubricity to the workpiece and the machining tool.However, this method can remove machining chips with a mist body. In addition, since the cooling effect is poor, there is a problem that the applicable range is limited.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is always possible to supply a mist to the machined part and to provide the machined part with an excellent cooling effect, lubricating effect, and the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a processing device with a body supply function.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a processing apparatus with a function of supplying mist of the present invention is, in a machining apparatus, a mist that supplies a liquid atomized toward a processing section. A body supply means is provided, and the atomized body supply means is attached to a rotating ring that rotates horizontally around the processing portion and is positioned at a predetermined position.

[0009]

That is, according to the present invention, the atomized body supply means is attached to the rotating ring which moves horizontally around the processing section and is positioned at a predetermined position, and the atomized body is supplied to the processing section from any direction. It can be supplied.
Therefore, according to the present invention, in cutting or polishing with a machining center or the like, even if the processed portion changes with time, the atomized body supply direction can be changed accordingly, and cooling and lubrication can be provided. Can be done most effectively. Further, also in a press machine, it is possible to effectively impart lubricity to the inside of the female mold and the work piece, and to gradually cool the work piece after pressing.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments.

[0011]

1 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a machining center. The basic configuration of this machining center is the same as that of FIG. 13, and a gear ring 6 rotatable in the circumferential direction is attached to the lower end of the spindle outer cylinder 3 of the machining center body 1 and held by a support ring 7. . The gear ring 6 is rotated by a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction by a motor, a gear, etc. attached to the machining center body 1 side.

A bifurcated air supply pipe 10 extends from the lower end surface of the gear ring 6, and one air supply pipe 10a is connected to a mist ejecting nozzle 11, which will be described later, and the other end. A flow rate amplification nozzle 12, which will be described later, is connected to the air supply pipe 10b. Then, the atomized body injection nozzle 11 is arranged on the upstream side, and the flow rate amplification nozzle 12 is arranged on the downstream side, and both are coaxially arranged toward the machining surface of the machining tool 4. A liquid supply pipe 13 for introducing a liquid to be atomized is connected to the atomized body injection nozzle 11.

As the atomizing body injection nozzle 11, for example, one having a structure as shown in FIG. 2 is used. When compressed air is supplied to the atomized body injection nozzle 11 as indicated by an arrow P, the piston 16 held inside by the compression spring 15 is pushed to the left side in the drawing, and the liquid supply pipe 13 is shown.
The liquid passage 17 that communicates with is opened, and the liquid is discharged in the form of fine particles from the very narrow discharge ports of the left and right tip nozzles 18 and 19 as fine particles.

On the other hand, as the flow rate amplification nozzle 12 arranged on the downstream side of the atomized body injection nozzle 11, for example, FIG.
A structure as shown in is used. This flow rate amplification nozzle 12 is provided with a large tapered opening 20 at the end on the air supply pipe 10b side, and when compressed air is supplied as indicated by arrow Q, the air is a very narrow annular gap inside. 21 is discharged and flows along the inner wall of the nozzle, and the air above the opening 20 is entrained in the opening 20 along with this flow (indicated by the broken line R), and the air flow rate is greatly amplified. The liquid is discharged from the other end opening 22. Moreover, the discharge flow further attracts the air around the opening 22 (shown by the broken line T), so that it is further amplified.

Therefore, when a workpiece is machined by this machining center, the air supply pipes 10a, 1
When air is supplied to 0b and a predetermined liquid (water, oil, emulsion, etc.) is supplied to the liquid supply pipe 13, the mist ejecting nozzle 11 ejects the liquid in a mist state. Since the air is sucked from the one end opening 20 of the flow rate amplification nozzle 12 and the ambient air is also attracted into the nozzle 12 at that time, the atomized body is discharged from the other end opening 22 in a state of being amplified to a large flow rate. The flow of the discharged mist is
Since the thrust force is strong and hits the work surface of the work and the work surface of the work tool 4 that is pressed against this, unlike the conventional case where a mist is simply applied, chips and the like generated during the work are removed. Has enough power to blow away. Therefore, chips and the like do not accumulate around the processed portion, and the cooling effect is high in combination with the fact that the amplified large flow rate of air hits. Moreover, the discharged mist appropriately moistens the workpiece and the machining tool 4 to enhance the lubricity, so that the machining performance is improved. Therefore, the load on the working tool 4 is lightened, and it is not subjected to rapid cooling unlike liquid application, so that there is no intermittent thermal shock and the tool life is greatly extended. Since the type of liquid ejected by the atomized body can be changed according to the processing conditions, for example, in the case of high-speed cutting, the cooling effect can be improved by using water as the liquid, and in the case of medium / low speed cutting Can be used differently, for example, by using oil as the liquid, the lubricating effect is enhanced.

When the machining point must be gradually moved to change the discharge direction of the atomized body, the gear ring 6 is rotated in the circumferential direction by a predetermined angle so that the tip of the flow rate amplification nozzle 12 can be rotated. The position of the ejection opening 22 can be moved. Thereby, despite the movement of the processing point, the atomized body can always be supplied to the processing point in the most effective direction, and the above effect can be maintained.

In the above embodiment, the average particle diameter of the atomized particles ejected from the atomized particle injection nozzle 11 is usually set to about 5 to 200 μm, although it depends on the processing conditions. is there. And the injection amount of the atomized body is
Usually, it is preferable to set the rate to about 1 to 100 cc / min.

In the above embodiment, the flow amplification amount by the flow amplification nozzle 12 is appropriately set according to the injection amount of the atomized body ejected from the atomized body 11 and the processing conditions. It is preferable to set the amount of air supplied from the air supply pipe 10b to about 10 to 50 times.

Further, in the above embodiment, the flow rate amplifying nozzle 12 is of a type in which the mist is sucked into the hollow portion of the nozzle, but any type of nozzle can be used as long as it can amplify the flow rate. It does not matter if there is. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the compressed air supplied into the nozzle flows from the very narrow annular gap 31 along the nozzle outer peripheral surface (arrow S), and the atomized body above the nozzle is transferred to the nozzle outer peripheral surface. It is also possible to use a device in which a large amount of amplified air can be discharged from the lower end of the nozzle by causing it to flow down along with it.

Further, as the atomizing body injection nozzle 11, one in which only one type of liquid is introduced and atomized is used, but two or more types of liquid are introduced into the liquid supply pipe 13 in a mixed state. However, it is also possible to use nozzles capable of spraying in a mist form from the left and right nozzles 18 and 19 (see FIG. 2). In this way, when the mixed liquid can be introduced, for example, it is possible to form an atomized body in which water particles and oil particles (or three or more kinds of particles) are mixed,
This can be supplied to the vicinity of the processing point with high thrust through the flow rate amplification nozzle 12.

Since the cooling effect and the lubricating effect greatly differ depending on the type of atomized body, when two or more types of liquids to be introduced into the atomized body injection nozzle 11 are combined as described above, the processing conditions are Accordingly, it is preferable to adjust the mixing ratio of the liquid (for example, the ratio of water and oil). That is, as shown in FIG. 5, which is data obtained by measuring the temperature change in the vicinity of the processing point with time, when the atomized particles are only water particles (indicated by a broken line A), the atomized particles are rapidly ejected immediately after the injection is started. However, when the atomized body is only oil particles (shown by the solid line B), the cooling effect is weak and it takes time to lower the temperature. However, the atomized body composed of oil particles has a higher effect of imparting lubricity to the processing tool 4 and the workpiece than water particles. Therefore, for example, in the case of high-speed cutting, the cooling effect is increased by increasing the amount of water supplied so that the ratio of water to oil is large, and in the case of medium / low cutting, the ratio of oil is large. To increase the amount of oil supply to improve the lubrication effect,
As described above, the ratio of the two can be adjusted to create a mist according to the processing.

Further, as described above, in the case of obtaining two or more kinds of mixed mist, in addition to spraying the mixed liquid from a single mist spray nozzle 11, as shown in FIG. 6 (a). To
A plurality of mist spray nozzles 11 are provided, liquids of different kinds are sprayed from each nozzle 11, and mist of different kinds are mixed in the central space, and the mixed mist is flow-amplified. There is no problem even if it inhales with the nozzle 12 (refer to FIG. 1). Also in this case, by adjusting the supply amount of the liquid supplied to each nozzle 11, it is possible to create an optimum atomized body for the processing, and it is possible to significantly improve the processing performance. Of course, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the atomized body injection nozzle 11a having one nozzle port is provided.
Alternatively, two different types of liquid may be introduced in a mixed state and sprayed in a mist state to obtain a mixed mist.

Further, in the present invention, it is not always necessary to use the flow rate amplification nozzle 12 together to supply the atomized body as in the above embodiment. That is, when the atomized body is required mainly for the purpose of lubricity, for example, as shown in FIG.
To be attached to the underside of. Also in this case, since the atomized body injection nozzle 11 can be moved to an appropriate position by the rotation of the gear ring 6, it is possible to effectively supply the atomized body.

As the mist supply means, instead of the mist injection nozzle 11 or the combination of the mist injection nozzle 11 and the flow amplification nozzle 12, for example, FIG.
A mist jet nozzle 40 as shown in can be used. That is, this atomized body injection nozzle 40 is basically the same as the flow rate amplification nozzle shown in FIG. 4, and the guide ring 42 is fitted onto the nozzle body 41, and air is injected from the gap 31 between the two ( (Arrow S) The surrounding air is accompanied and an associated flow (arrow U) is created. The liquid discharge hole 45 is formed on the top of the small diameter portion 43, and the liquid discharge hole 45 is connected to the liquid supply pipe 46 from the inside of the nozzle.

In the atomizer jet nozzle 40, when air is supplied into the nozzle body 41 and the liquid to be atomized is supplied from the liquid supply pipe 45, a small amount of liquid discharged from the liquid discharge port 45. Is sucked up by the air jet flow flowing along the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 42 of the nozzle body 41, and becomes a fine mist. Moreover, the obtained atomized body is pushed from the surroundings by the air flow that is trying to converge toward one point from the annularly spread state, and is pushed out while maintaining a relatively high wind pressure. Therefore, it is possible to supply the atomized body which is particularly excellent in the cooling effect and the processing waste removing effect.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the mist injection nozzle 11 and the flow rate amplification nozzle 12 are fixedly attached to the gear ring 6, but as shown in FIG. The air supply pipe 10 communicating with the particulate injection nozzle 11 is attached to a rotary shaft 53 which is rotatable with respect to a vertical plane, and as shown in FIG. 2B, a combination of a motor 50 and bevel gears 51, 52, etc. It may be possible to position and hold it at an appropriate angle.
By doing so, the height of the mist discharge port 22 (see FIG. 1) can be set arbitrarily, so that the supply position of the mist can be changed according to the height difference of the processing point as shown in FIG. ), The vertical direction can be changed, and the atomized body can be more accurately supplied to the processing point.

Further, as the mechanism for moving the atomized body discharge port 22 up and down as described above, the mechanism shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 looking up from this may be adopted. That is, in this mechanism, the gear ring 6 is divided into upper and lower two stages,
A rack 61 is attached to the lower end of a shaft body 60 screwed to the upper gear ring 6a. The lower gear ring 6b has a long hole 62 for allowing the shaft 60 and the rack 61 to escape. The rack 61 is in mesh with a pinion 63 that is rotatably attached to the lower gear ring 6b. By the rotation of the pinion 63, as in FIGS. 9A and 9B,
The air supply pipe 10 is rotated via the bevel gears 51 and 52 and the rotary shaft 53, and the atomized body discharge port 22 is moved up and down. Therefore, according to this mechanism, when the rotational drive applied to the gear rings 6a and 6b is vertically shifted or only one of them is rotationally driven, the rotational difference between the upper gear ring 6a and the upper gear ring 6a is equal to the rotational difference. The rack 61 that moves integrally and the lower gear ring 6b
Since the position of the pinion 63 that moves integrally with is relatively displaced, the displacement causes the pinion 63 to rotate, the air supply pipe 10 to rotate, and the atomized body discharge port 22 to move up and down.

As a method of vertically moving the mist ejecting port 22 of the mist ejecting nozzle 11, it is not always necessary to rock the air supply pipe 10 as described above. 11 to rock itself,
Air supply pipe 10 extending from the side of the machining center body 1
Alternatively, the liquid supply pipe 13 may be configured by a flexible tube having a sufficient length.

Further, the present invention can be applied not only to the machining center as in the above embodiment, but also to various machine tools such as NC lathe, grinder and the like, press working machines and the like.
When applied to a press machine, it is preferable to perform the atomized body injection to cool a mold or a molded product and impart lubricity.

[0030]

As described above, in the processing apparatus with a mist supply function of the present invention, the mist supply means is attached to the rotating ring that moves horizontally around the processing section and is positioned at a predetermined position. The atomized body can be supplied to the processing section from any direction. Therefore, according to the present invention, in cutting or polishing with a machining center or the like, even if the processed portion changes with time, the atomized body supply direction can be changed accordingly, and cooling and lubrication can be provided. Can be done most effectively. Also,
Even in a press machine, it is possible to effectively impart lubricity to the inside of the female mold and the work piece, and gradually cool the work piece after pressing.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an atomizing body injection nozzle used in the above embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a flow rate amplification nozzle used in the above embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of another example of the flow rate amplification nozzle.

FIG. 5 is a characteristic curve diagram showing the relationship between the type of mist and the cooling effect.

6 (a) and 6 (b) are explanatory views of another example of the atomized body injection nozzle according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of still another example of the atomized body injection nozzle according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 (a) is a partial explanatory view of still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 (b) is a view looking up from below.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a modified example of the other embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a view of FIG. 10 looking up from below.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of a water injection mechanism in conventional machining.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of an improved water injection mechanism.

FIG. 14 is an operation explanatory view of the improved water injection mechanism.

[Explanation of symbols]

 6 Gear ring 7 Support ring 11 Atomized body injection nozzle 12 Flow rate amplification nozzle

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. The machining apparatus is provided with atomized body supply means for atomizing and supplying liquid toward the processing section, and the atomized body supply means is arranged horizontally around the processing section. A processing device with a mist supply function, which is attached to a rotating ring that rotates and is positioned at a predetermined position. 2. The processing apparatus with a mist supply function according to claim 1, wherein the mist supply means is provided with an atomization nozzle for ejecting a liquid in a mist state toward a processing section. 3. The atomizing body supply means includes a jetting nozzle for jetting a single liquid in a mist state, the atomizing body jetted from the jetting nozzle is sucked from one end side, and ambient air is sucked together. And a flow rate amplification nozzle for discharging the flow rate from the other end side in a state where the flow rate is amplified, and the atomized body is discharged to the processing section from the other end side of the flow rate amplification nozzle. The processing device with a function of supplying the atomized body described. 4. A spray nozzle for spraying two or more kinds of liquids in a mixed state as a mist as the mist supply means, and a mist that is sprayed from the spray nozzle from one end side to suck in ambient air. And a flow rate amplification nozzle that discharges from the other end side in a state where the flow rate is amplified and the flow rate is amplified, and the atomized body is discharged from the other end side of the flow rate amplification nozzle to the processing section. The processing device with a mist supply function according to claim 1. 5. A plurality of jet nozzles for jetting liquids of different types in a mist state as the mist supply means,
The nozzles are arranged so that their injection ports face each other, and the atomized particles ejected from the injection nozzle group are sucked in from one end side and the ambient air is also sucked in together to increase the flow rate from the other end side. The processing apparatus with a mist supply function according to claim 1, further comprising a flow rate amplification nozzle for discharging, wherein the atomized body is discharged from the other end side of the flow rate amplification nozzle to the processing section. 6. The atomized body discharge port of the atomized body supply means,
The processing device with a mist supply function according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is set so as to move vertically with respect to a vertical surface.