JPH07121838B2 - Mixing equipment for organic substances - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing compost by fermenting organic matter such as livestock manure and vegetables in an open-air manner.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the conventionally known field-type compost production,
A method of fermenting by using a shovel loader, a tractor or the like to deposit fermentable organic matter or cutting them back is used.

[0003]

However, in such a conventional method, the fermented product is mixed with the organic matter, but the mixing is insufficient, so that the fermentation unevenness occurs, and therefore, the sediment is repeatedly formed. Need to switch back. Further, as a result, there is a problem that the heat due to fermentation is diminished and the pathogenic bacteria, seeds and the like cannot be inactivated because the ratio of the portion of the organic matter that depends on the outside air condition is large. Further, since the heat from fermentation is low, it takes a lot of fermentation days, and there is a disadvantage that it is not possible to obtain good quality compost. Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above disadvantages of the conventional fermentation method, it is possible to reduce the number of cutting work, it is possible to obtain sufficient fermentation heat, and the organic matter that can shorten the fermentation days An object is to provide a mixed deposition apparatus.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, the present invention is directed to a conveyor device for quantitatively transporting an organic substance, one end of which is pivotally mounted on a trolley, and an organic substance charging hopper loaded below the conveyor device. And a lifting type supporting means for supporting the conveyor device and adjusting the inclination angle of the conveyor device pivotally attached, and downward while crushing and dispersing the conveyed organic matter installed at the upper end of the conveyor device. And a casing having a ceiling portion, a bottom portion, and both side surfaces closed, and a discharge portion and a front portion of the conveyor opened, and a conveyor device rotatably supported in the casing. By a mixing and depositing apparatus for organic substances, which is composed of a drum having a center of rotation below the transport position of and a scraping blade joined at a predetermined pitch around the drum. To achieve the purpose.

If a screw conveyor for mixing and stirring the organic matter in the hopper and installing the mixture in the hopper is installed at the discharge port of the organic matter charging hopper, the organic matter is stirred in the hopper and the organic matter in the hopper is evenly supplied to the conveying device. It

[0006]

With the above-mentioned structure, the mixture of livestock manure and the fermented product are put into the hopper of the apparatus by a shovel in a roughly mixed state at a ratio of, for example, 1: 1. Then, a predetermined amount of the mixture is placed on the conveyor device through the discharge port below the hopper, and is conveyed upward by the conveyor device. The conveyed mixture is finely crushed by the separating device installed at the upper end of the conveyor device and is dropped downward while being dispersed downward. Then on the ground,
The finely crushed mixture is deposited in a porous state including an air layer. The porously-deposited mixture containing a sufficient amount of air layer will be fermented uniformly, and since it is less necessary to cut back, the fermentation can be completed at a high temperature in a short period of time.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a movable carriage on which wheels 2 are mounted, and one end of a belt conveyor 3 as a conveyor device is pivotally mounted on the carriage 1 so as to be swingable. A pair of columns 4 are mounted on the cart 1 vertically to the cart, and the columns 4 support the upper portion of the belt conveyor 3. A plurality of holes 6 are formed in both columns 4 on the swing locus of the bracket 5 joined to the conveyor 3 at substantially equal intervals, and penetrate the holes formed in the bracket 5 and the holes 6 of the columns. The supporting shaft 7 supports the conveyor 3 so that it can swing.

Reference numeral 8 denotes an organic matter charging hopper having a discharge section on the conveyor 3 and having a tapered cross-sectional shape. The guide 9 extending along the belt conveyor 3 and the discharge opening of the hopper 8. The scraper 10 provided at the end quantifies the amount of the mixture placed on the bell conveyor 3 by the height.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a separating means installed at an upper end of the conveyor 3 for crushing and separating and scattering the mixture, which means that the ceiling portion, the bottom portion and both side surface portions are closed, and A casing 14 having an open discharge portion and a front portion (right side in FIG. 1), and the casing 14
A drum 1 which is rotatably supported inside and which rotates clockwise in FIG. 1 in response to the rotational movement of a drive motor (not shown).
6 and a scraping blade 18 projecting from the outer periphery of the drum 16 at a predetermined pitch. The rotating shaft of the drum 16 is located below the uppermost part of the belt conveyor 3. Reference numeral 20 is a drive motor for driving the belt conveyor 3. Further, in this embodiment, the separating means 12 is swingably supported in the horizontal direction and can be manually or automatically swung within a predetermined angle.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show a second embodiment, in which the mixture in the hopper 8 is centered and rotated by the driving of a motor (not shown), and the mixture in the hopper 8 is mixed. Screw conveyor 2 for
2, and a slide plate 24 is supported on the upper end of the discharge port of the hopper 8 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. By sliding the slide plate 24, the slide plate 24 is placed on the belt conveyor 3. The amount of the mixture is adjustable.

In this second embodiment, the belt conveyor 3 has a cylinder piston 2 whose one end is pivotally attached to the conveyor 3.
6 and a hydraulic cylinder 28 into which the piston 26 is inserted. The cylinder 28 is pivotally attached to the carriage 1 so as to be swingable. As shown in FIG. 5, the separating means 12 has a small-diameter drum 30 axially supported above the drum 16 of the first embodiment so as to rotate in the direction opposite to the drum 16 (counterclockwise). On the outer periphery of 30, the scraping blades 32 for further finely crushing the mixture blown from the scraping blades 18 of the drum 16 and for scraping it forward are provided at a predetermined pitch.

In the second embodiment, the drum 16 and the drum 30 are configured to rotate in different directions by the cross belt 34, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the drive motors are individually mounted and rotated. It may be configured as follows.
Although the belt conveyor is used as the conveyor device in both the first and second embodiments, the present invention is not limited to this, and various conveying means such as a chain conveyor can be used depending on the inclination angle of the conveyor. Nor.

In the apparatus according to the present embodiment having the above-mentioned structure, the shovel loader is a mixture of the raw material of pig manure, chicken manure, and cow manure mixed with the fermented product by the shovel at a ratio of 1: 1. Is charged into the hopper 8 of this device. The mixture is placed from the hopper 8 on the belt conveyer 3 of the conveying means, scraped to a predetermined amount by the scraper 10 when leaving the hopper 8, and conveyed to the separating means 12. The mixture guided to the separating means 12 is finely crushed by the scraping blades 18 provided on the outer circumference of the drum 16, and is dispersed within a predetermined angle by the influence of the casing 14 to drop to the ground. Since the entire apparatus is placed on the trolley, it can be moved, and by appropriately moving the apparatus, the mixture can be deposited in layers. The particle size of the deposited mixture is approximately 10 mm or less, and the deposited layer has a porous shape including an air layer and is highly breathable. Further, when it is desired to make the deposited layer of the deposited mixture higher, the conveyor 3 is rocked and fixed in a raised state.

[0014]

[Experimental Example] The mixture was deposited in a flat-bed-type inspiratory microbial fermentation facility by the method of Example 1. Then, the mixture starts fermentation immediately, and the fermentation temperature reaches 8 after 10 hours from the start of fermentation.
Reached up to 0 ° C. Steam and other factors during fermentation also increased uniformly, and the fermentation situation was favorable. When it was cut back after 5 days, the fermentation product had almost no bad odor, and a uniform fermentation state was observed throughout without any fermentation unevenness due to compaction by a device such as a shovel loader at the time of deposition. The obtained fermentation product contained many useful microorganisms that contribute to crops.

[0015]

[Effect] As described above, the apparatus according to the present invention is configured such that after the mixture is mixed, it is lifted up by the conveyer, further finely crushed and separated by the separating means, and then dropped on the ground, so that the deposition is completed Since the layer can be made porous so as to sufficiently contain the air layer, uniform and favorable fermentation can be promoted.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial perspective side view of an apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the device.

FIG. 3 is a partially transparent side view of the device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the device of the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing the structure of a separating means.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 trolley 2 wheels 3 belt conveyor 4 support 8 hopper 12 separating means 16 drum 18 scraping blade 22 screw conveyor 24 slide plate 26 cylinder piston 28 cylinder 30 drum 32 scraping blade

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for quantifying organic matter, one end of which is pivotally mounted on a trolley
Device for physically conveying upward, and the conveyor
An organic matter loading hopper stacked below the apparatus, an elevating type supporting means for supporting the conveyor apparatus and adjusting an inclination angle of the conveyor apparatus pivotally mounted , and the conveyor apparatus.
Crush the organic matter that is being transported, installed at the upper end of the storage
It consists of separation means that scatters downward while dispersing.
The separating means has a ceiling part, a bottom part, and both side parts closed,
A casing with the discharge part and the front part of the muffler opened,
Of a conveyor device rotatably supported in the casing
A drum having a center of rotation below the transport position, and
Constructed with scraping blades that are joined at a specified pitch around the ram.
A mixed deposition apparatus for organic substances characterized by being formed. 2. The apparatus for mixing and depositing organic substances according to claim 1, wherein a screw conveyor for mixing and stirring the organic substances in the hopper is installed at the discharge port of the organic substance charging hopper. 3. Rotating in the opposite direction above the drum
The organic substance mixing and depositing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a drum having a scraping blade is installed .