JPH07120094A - Air cooled absorption cooler/heater and operating method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently heat/cool the air by switching an operating cycle at the time of cooling, heating by forming an air-cooled absorber and an evaporator of a plurality of horizontal heat transfer tubes, providing plate fins out of the tubes, and providing a spray tube having a plurality of spray nozzles for spraying liquid to upper inner walls of the tubes. CONSTITUTION:At the time of single-effect cooling, a refrigerant pump 8 and a solution pump 7 are operated, a vapor three-way valve 11 is opened from a regenerator 1 toward an air-cooled condenser 3, a liquid three-way valve 13 is opened from the pump 8 toward an uppermost spray tube 16 of an evaporator 4, a liquid three-way valve 14 is opened from a heat exchanger 6 toward the valve 14, the valve 14 is opened toward a minimum spray tube 16 of an air-cooled absorber 2, and a liquid two-way valve 15 is opened. Since the absorber 2 and the evaporator 4 are formed as described above, an air-cooled aim absorption cooler/heater in which the efficiency of the exchanger 6 can be raised and the air can be directly cooled or heated can be reduced in size, and at the time of heating, warm air can be efficiently manufactured by using refrigerant vapor and heating solution from the regenerator 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption cooling / heating machine,
In particular, the present invention relates to an air-cooling absorption cooling / heating machine that switches cooling / heating to produce cold air or warm air and its operating method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an air conditioner of a type that cools air by using water or a refrigerant whose main component is water to produce cold air is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-44929.
It is publicly known as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No.-60414. The cycle for cooling the conventional machine is, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-4.
In the publication No. 0073, the heating cycle is described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-
It is described in Japanese Patent No. 44929. Examples of these conventional machines are water cooling, and switching between cooling and heating is performed depending on whether or not cooling water flows. If cooling water is not supplied, heat is no longer released from the condenser and absorber, the internal pressure of the regenerator rises, the liquid seal is broken, and refrigerant vapor directly enters the evaporator, enabling heating. In the case of air-cooled type that cools the absorber and condenser with air,
Due to heat exchanger efficiency issues, heat exchangers have consequently become larger.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the problems of the prior art as described above, and uses an efficient heat exchanger in the air cooling system to switch the operation cycle during cooling and heating, thereby improving efficiency. An object of the present invention is to provide an air-cooled absorption cooling / heating machine that can be well cooled and heated, and an operating method thereof.

[0004]

In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, a regenerator, an air-cooled absorber, an air-cooled condenser, an evaporator and a solution pump for connecting them, a solution having a refrigerant pump and a switching valve. In an air-cooling absorption cooling / heating machine that has a passage and a refrigerant passage, and water is a main component of the refrigerant, the air-cooling absorber and the evaporator are composed of a plurality of horizontal heat transfer tubes, and the horizontal heat transfer tubes are plates outside the heat transfer tubes. A fin is provided, and in the heat transfer tube, a spray tube having a plurality of spray nozzles for spraying a liquid is provided on the inner wall of the heat transfer tube, and
Separately from the air-cooled condenser, the warm air condenser is the same cooling as the evaporator,
It was installed on the downstream side of the warm air flow system.

Further, according to the present invention, in the method for operating the air-cooled absorption cooling / heating machine, during the cooling operation, the solution pump and the refrigerant pump are operated, and the refrigerant vapor from the regenerator is guided to the air-cooled condenser to condense warm air. In the heating operation, the refrigerant pump is stopped, the solution from the regenerator is supplied to the evaporator spray header, and the refrigerant from the regenerator to the air-cooled condenser is shut off to prevent it from going to the regenerator. In addition to shutting off the vapor path, open the refrigerant vapor path from the regenerator to the warm air condenser to bring the refrigerant vapor and warm air into contact with each other via the heat transfer tube, and absorb the refrigerant liquid condensed in the warm air condenser. Is to be supplied to the spray tube at the top of the.

As described above, according to the present invention, in an air-cooled absorption air conditioner that uses water as the main component of the refrigerant and uses an aqueous solution of Li salt or the like as the absorption solution, the air-cooled absorber has heat transfer tubes installed substantially horizontally. A plate fin is provided outside to expand the heat transfer area to bring it into contact with cooling air, supply the absorbing solution into the heat transfer tube, and supply the absorbing solution into the heat transfer tube. An absorber with a spray tube that sprays the solution from multiple spray nozzles onto the inner wall of the heat transfer tube is used as the absorber.The evaporator is a horizontal heat transfer tube, and plate fins are provided outside the heat transfer tube for heat transfer. The area is expanded to contact the air to be cooled (cold air) to supply the refrigerant liquid into the heat transfer tube. When supplying the refrigerant into the heat transfer tube, while guiding the refrigerant liquid into the heat transfer tube, the multiple spray nozzles are used. Cool the upper part of the inner wall of the heat transfer tube. It has a structure with a spray pipe for spraying the liquid, a warm air condenser is installed separately from the air-cooled condenser, and the evaporator and the warm air condenser are installed in the same cold / warm air flow system, and the flow direction is Therefore, the evaporator is on the upstream side.

During the cooling operation, the solution pump and the refrigerant pump are operated, and the refrigerant vapor from the regenerator is guided to the air-cooled condenser so that the refrigerant vapor of the regenerator does not go to the hot air condenser. During the heating operation, the refrigerant pump is stopped, the solution from the regenerator is supplied to the evaporator spray header, and the refrigerant vapor path from the regenerator to the air-cooled condenser is cut off. At the same time, the refrigerant vapor path from the regenerator to the warm air condenser is opened, the refrigerant vapor and the warm air are brought into contact with each other via the heat transfer tube, and the refrigerant liquid condensed by the warm air condenser is placed at the uppermost stage of the absorber. Supply to spray tube.

[0008]

According to the present invention, the air-cooling absorber and evaporator having the above-described configurations can increase the efficiency of the heat exchanger and can downsize the air-cooling absorption air conditioner that can directly heat and cool the air. During the heating operation, the hot air can be efficiently produced by the evaporator and the hot air condenser using the refrigerant vapor from the regenerator and the heating solution.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1 FIG. 1 shows an example of a single-effect air-cooled absorption air conditioner of the present invention,
It is a block diagram for explaining the operation at the time of cooling, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram for explaining the operation at the time of heating.

1 and 2, 1 is a regenerator, 2 is an air-cooled absorber, 3 is an air-cooled condenser, 4 is an evaporator, 5 is a hot air condenser, 6 is a heat exchanger, 7 is a solution pump, 8 is a refrigerant pump, and the air-cooled absorber 2 and the evaporator 4 are plate fins 9.
The heat transfer tube 10 is provided with a spray tube 16 having a spray nozzle 17 therein. 11 to 15 are switching valves, 18 is a vapor pipe through which vaporized vapor passes, 19 is a solution return pipe, and 20 is a liquid seal. The route shown by the broken line in the drawing is
There is no flow of solution, refrigerant liquid, or refrigerant vapor, and the path exists.

Next, a single effect cooling operation will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, the refrigerant pump 8 and the solution pump 7 are operating. The steam three-way valve 11 is directed from the regenerator 1 to the air-cooled condenser 3 and the liquid three-way valve 13 is the refrigerant pump 8
From the evaporator 4 to the uppermost spray pipe 16 direction, the liquid three-way valve 12 from the heat exchanger 6 to the liquid three-way valve 14 direction, the liquid three-way valve 12 from 12 to the air-cooled absorber 2 uppermost spray pipe 16 direction, The liquid two-way valves 15 are each open.

Next, the flow of the refrigerant will be described with reference to FIG. The refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator passes through 11 and is guided to the air-cooled condenser 3 to enter the upper header of the air-cooled condenser 3. The refrigerant liquid condensed in the air-cooled condenser 3 merges with the non-evaporated refrigerant liquid from the evaporator 4 via the liquid seal 20, is guided to the suction portion of the refrigerant pump 8, and the refrigerant pump 8 sprays the uppermost spray pipe 1 of the evaporator 4.
Sent to 6. The sent refrigerant liquid is the evaporator 4 Horizontal heat transfer tube 1
Heat is exchanged with the cold air flowing around the outer circumference to evaporate. The non-evaporated refrigerant liquid flows through the bottom of the horizontal heat transfer tube 10 along the horizontal direction.
It flows toward the opening, goes to the spray tube 16 of the lower heat transfer tube, is sprayed on the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 10, and evaporates. The vaporized refrigerant vapor passes through the eliminator 21, and the vapor pipe 1
8 and the solution return pipe 19 to be guided to the air-cooled absorber 2,
Here, it comes into contact with the absorption solution and is absorbed by the absorption solution. The non-evaporated refrigerant liquid is guided from the liquid pool under the evaporator 4 through the valve 15 to the suction of the refrigerant pump 8 and again to the uppermost spray pipe 16 of the evaporator 4 together with the refrigerant liquid from the air-cooled condenser 3. repeat.

Next, the flow of the solution will be described. The concentrated solution concentrated in the regenerator 1 is led to the uppermost spray pipe 16 of the air-cooled absorber 2 via the heat exchanger 6, the valve 12 and the valve 14. The absorbing solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor in the air-cooled absorber 2, and the diluted absorbing solution flows horizontally along the bottom of the horizontal heat transfer tube 10 toward the opening of the heat transfer tube 10 and then into the spray tube 16 of the lower heat transfer tube. It goes, is sprayed on the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 10, and is absorbed by the refrigerant vapor. The diluted absorption solution gathers in the solution pool below the absorber 2 and flows into the suction of the solution pump 7,
The solution is pumped under pressure by the solution pump 7, passed through the heat exchanger 6, and sent to the regenerator 1, and the above is repeated.

Next, a single effect heating operation will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 2, the refrigerant pump 8 is stopped and the solution pump 7 is operating. The steam three-way valve 11 is from the regenerator 1 toward the warm air condenser 5, the liquid three-way valve 12 is from the heat exchanger 6 toward the liquid three-way valve 13, and the liquid three-way valve 13 is from the valve 12 to the evaporator 4. In the direction of the upper spray pipe 16, the liquid three-way valve 14 is in the direction from the hot air condenser 5 to the uppermost spray pipe 16 of the air-cooled absorber 2, and the liquid two-way valve 15 is closed.

Next, the flow of the refrigerant will be described with reference to FIG. The refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 1 passes through the valve 11 and is guided to the warm air condenser 5 and enters the warm air condenser 5 upper header. The refrigerant liquid that has exchanged heat with the hot air flowing through the outer circumference of the heat transfer tube in the hot air condenser 5 and condensed passes through the valve 14 through the liquid seal 20 and is guided to the uppermost spray pipe 16 of the air-cooled absorber 2. The introduced refrigerant liquid exchanges heat with the heat source air flowing around the outer circumference of the air-cooling absorber 2 horizontal heat transfer tube 10 and evaporates. The non-evaporated refrigerant liquid flows through the bottom of the horizontal heat transfer tube 10 toward the opening of the heat transfer tube 10 along the horizontal direction, goes to the lower heat transfer tube spray tube 16, is sprayed on the inner wall of the heat transfer tube 10, and evaporates. Evaporated refrigerant vapor is vapor pipe 1
8 is guided to the evaporator 4, where it comes into contact with the absorbing solution flowing in the horizontal heat transfer tube 10 of the evaporator 4 and is absorbed by the absorbing solution. The non-evaporated refrigerant liquid collects in the solution pool at the lower part of the air-cooled absorber 2, flows into the suction of the solution pump 7 together with the absorbing solution (diluted solution) from the solution return pipe 19, is pumped by the solution pump 7, and is passed through the heat exchanger 6. After that, it returns to the regenerator 1 and repeats the above.

Next, the flow of the solution will be described. The concentrated solution concentrated in the regenerator 1 is led to the uppermost spray pipe 16 of the evaporator 4 via the heat exchanger 6, the valve 12 and the valve 13. The absorbing solution absorbs the refrigerant vapor in the horizontal heat transfer tube 10 of the evaporator 4 and gives the amount of latent heat released by the refrigerant to the warm air flowing around the outer heat transfer tube 10 of the evaporator 4. The diluted absorbing solution flows through the bottom of the horizontal heat transfer tube 10 along the horizontal direction toward the opening of the heat transfer tube 10 and then to the spray tube 16 of the lower heat transfer tube, where the heat transfer tube 1
0 is sprayed on the inner wall and evaporated. The diluted absorption solution collects in the lower liquid pool of the evaporator 4, overflows from the upper end of the solution return pipe 19, is guided to the lower liquid pool of the air-cooled absorber 2, and flows into the suction of the solution pump 7 together with the non-evaporated refrigerant liquid. , Is pressure fed to the regenerator 1, and the above is repeated.

The vapor pipe 18 and the solution return pipe 19 can be used together depending on the conditions (the solution return pipe is omitted). That is, at the time of cooling, the upper end of the steam pipe is made to protrude in the lower part of the evaporator 18 so that the non-evaporated refrigerant is accumulated. When the vapor pipe 18 has a sufficient thickness so that the refrigerant vapor from the air-cooled absorber 2 can pass through the evaporator pipe 18 with the descending absorbing solution and rise, the dual use is possible.

FIG. 3 shows the wind direction of the cool and warm air fan. The evaporator 4 and the hot air condenser 5 are installed in the same flow system of cold air / warm air, and the evaporator 4 is placed upstream and the hot air condenser 5 is installed.
Is installed on the downstream side. Further, in the above description, a single effect is explained, but a double effect can be similarly applied.

[0019]

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an air-cooled absorption cooling / heating machine that can efficiently perform cooling / heating by switching operation cycles during cooling / heating using a highly efficient heat exchanger.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram for explaining an operation during cooling in a single-effect air-cooled absorption cooling / heating machine of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram for explaining an operation during heating in the air conditioner of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a wind direction of a cold / hot air fan.

[Explanation of symbols]

1: Regenerator, 2: Air-cooled absorber, 3: Air-cooled condenser, 4: Evaporator, 5: Warm air condenser, 6: Heat exchanger, 7: Solution pump, 8: Refrigerant pump, 9: Plate fin, 10: Heat transfer tube 10, 11-15: Valve, 16: Spray tube, 17: Spray nozzle, 18: Steam tube, 19: Solution return tube, 2
0: Liquid seal, 21: Eliminator

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A regenerator, an air-cooled absorber, an air-cooled condenser, an evaporator, a solution pump connecting them, a solution passage having a refrigerant pump and a switching valve, and a refrigerant passage, and water as a main component of the refrigerant. In the air-cooled absorption air conditioner / heater, the air-cooled absorber and the evaporator are composed of a plurality of horizontal heat transfer tubes, the horizontal heat transfer tubes are provided with plate fins outside the heat transfer tubes, and liquid is provided inside the heat transfer tubes at the upper part of the heat transfer tubes. In addition to being equipped with a spray pipe with multiple spray nozzles for spraying, in addition to the air-cooled condenser, a warm air condenser was installed downstream of the same cold and warm air flow system as the evaporator. A characteristic air-cooled absorption air conditioner. 2. In the method for operating an air-cooled absorption cooling / heating machine, during a cooling operation, a solution pump and a refrigerant pump are operated, and refrigerant vapor from a regenerator is led to an air-cooled condenser and not to a warm air condenser. In the heating operation, the refrigerant pump is stopped, the solution from the regenerator is supplied to the evaporator spray header, and the refrigerant vapor path from the regenerator to the air-cooled condenser is shut off. In addition, the refrigerant vapor path from the regenerator to the warm air condenser is opened, the refrigerant vapor and the warm air are brought into contact with each other via the heat transfer tube, and the refrigerant liquid condensed in the warm air condenser is placed at the uppermost stage of the absorber. The method for operating an air-cooled absorption cooling / heating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the air is supplied to the spray pipe.