JPH07119426B2 - How to feed coal gasifier - Google Patents
How to feed coal gasifierInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07119426B2 JPH07119426B2 JP2093844A JP9384490A JPH07119426B2 JP H07119426 B2 JPH07119426 B2 JP H07119426B2 JP 2093844 A JP2093844 A JP 2093844A JP 9384490 A JP9384490 A JP 9384490A JP H07119426 B2 JPH07119426 B2 JP H07119426B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- superheated steam
- furnace
- gasification furnace
- gasification
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は、高温高圧の石炭ガス化炉内に粉状の石炭を過
熱蒸気により気流搬送して吹き込む石炭ガス化炉への給
炭方法に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for feeding coal to a coal gasification furnace, in which powdery coal is carried by superheated steam in an air stream and blown into a high temperature and high pressure coal gasification furnace. It is a thing.
［従来の技術］ 近年、石炭をガス化するには、高温高圧下の石炭ガス化
炉内に、粉状の石炭と空気等を吹き込み、そこで石炭を
ガス化することが試みられている。その石炭ガス化炉へ
の給炭は、乾いた微粉炭を窒素ガス等で気流搬送して炉
内に吹き込む乾式の場合と、粉砕した石炭を水スラリに
して炉内に吹き込む湿式の場合とがある。[Prior Art] In recent years, in order to gasify coal, it has been attempted to blow powdery coal, air and the like into a coal gasification furnace under high temperature and high pressure to gasify the coal there. Coal feeding to the coal gasification furnace is divided into a dry type in which dry pulverized coal is carried by a stream of nitrogen gas etc. and blown into the furnace, and a wet type in which crushed coal is made into water slurry and blown into the furnace. is there.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ しかしながら、上述の石炭ガス化炉への給炭方法にあっ
ては、乾式の場合には、石炭をガス化するときの未燃分
（未燃チャー）の発生が多く、ガス化効率が低下する。
一方、湿式の場合には、未燃チャーが非常に少ないが、
スラリ中の多量の水分が蒸発潜熱を奪って蒸発するの
で、熱効率が低下する。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above-described coal feeding method for a coal gasification furnace, in the case of a dry method, unburned components (unburned char) are generated when coal is gasified. However, the gasification efficiency decreases.
On the other hand, in the case of wet type, unburned char is very small,
Since a large amount of water in the slurry takes away the latent heat of vaporization and evaporates, the thermal efficiency decreases.
そこで、本発明は上記課題を解決すべくなされたもの
で、ガス化効率及び熱効率を向上することを可能にした
石炭ガス化炉への給炭方法を提供することを目的とす
る。Then, this invention was made | formed in order to solve the said subject, and an object of this invention is to provide the coal feeding method to the coal gasification furnace which made it possible to improve gasification efficiency and thermal efficiency.
［課題を解決するための手段］ 本発明は、上記課題を解決すべくなされたもので、高温
高圧の石炭ガス化炉内に粉状の石炭と酸化剤を吹き込ん
で石炭をガス化するに際し、上記粉状の石炭を過熱蒸気
により気流搬送すると共に、その搬送ラインの下流側を
上記過熱蒸気の飽和温度以上に加熱しながら上記石炭ガ
ス化炉内に吹き込むようにしたものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and in gasifying coal by blowing powdery coal and an oxidizer into a high temperature and high pressure coal gasification furnace, The pulverized coal is carried by the superheated steam in an air stream, and is blown into the coal gasification furnace while heating the downstream side of the carrying line to a temperature equal to or higher than the saturation temperature of the superheated steam.
［作用］ 上記構成によれば、粉状の石炭が過熱蒸気により気流搬
送されて石炭ガス化炉内に吹き込まれることで、炉内に
吹き込まれた直後の石炭と蒸気との混合状態が良いの
で、ガス化反応が促進され、ガス化効率が向上すること
になる。また、水分が過熱蒸気として石炭と共に炉内に
吹き込まれるので、熱効率が向上することになる。さら
に、搬送ラインの下流側を過熱蒸気の飽和温度以上に加
熱するようにしたため、搬送途中に過熱蒸気の温度が低
下して、これが凝縮してガス化反応に悪影響を与えるこ
とを未然に防止することができる。[Operation] According to the above configuration, the powdery coal is carried by the superheated steam in an air stream and blown into the coal gasification furnace, so that the mixed state of the coal and the steam immediately after being blown into the furnace is good. The gasification reaction is promoted and the gasification efficiency is improved. In addition, since moisture is blown into the furnace as superheated steam together with coal, the thermal efficiency is improved. Further, since the downstream side of the transfer line is heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the saturation temperature of the superheated steam, the temperature of the superheated steam is lowered during the transfer, and it is prevented from condensing and adversely affecting the gasification reaction. be able to.
［実施例］ 以下、本発明の一実施例を添付図面に基づいて説明す
る。[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図において、１は微粉炭等の粉状の石炭を高温（約
1200〜1600℃）高圧（約20〜40kg/cm2）下でガス化する
石炭ガス化炉である。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes powdery coal such as pulverized coal at high temperature (about
It is a coal gasification furnace that gasifies at 1200 to 1600 ° C) under high pressure (about 20 to 40 kg / cm 2 ).
石炭ガス化炉１の上部には、空気又は酸素の酸化剤及び
流体搬送される石炭を搬送流体と共に、炉内に吹き込む
ためのバーナ２が設けられている。また、石炭ガス化炉
１には、炉１内で生成した石炭ガス化ガスの排出ライン
３が接続されている。A burner 2 is provided in the upper part of the coal gasification furnace 1 for blowing air or oxygen oxidizer and coal which is fluid-transported together with the carrier fluid into the furnace. Further, the coal gasification furnace 1 is connected to a discharge line 3 of the coal gasification gas produced in the furnace 1.
上記バーナ２には、酸化剤ライン４が接続されていると
共に、給炭器５が介設された燃料搬送ライン６が接続さ
れている。その燃料搬送ライン６はボイラ７に接続され
ており、ボイラ７からの高圧の過熱蒸気により給炭器５
に供給された粉状の石炭が気流搬送されてバーナ２から
石炭ガス化炉１内に吹き込まれるように構成されてい
る。尚、石炭を気流搬送する過熱蒸気はボイラで発生す
る蒸気に限定するものではなく、例えば、高圧の蒸気発
生装置からの蒸気を用いるようにしてもよい。An oxidant line 4 is connected to the burner 2, and a fuel transfer line 6 in which a coal feeder 5 is provided is connected to the burner 2. The fuel transfer line 6 is connected to the boiler 7, and the coal feeder 5 is heated by the high-pressure superheated steam from the boiler 7.
The pulverized coal supplied to the coal gasification furnace 1 is conveyed by air flow and blown into the coal gasification furnace 1 from the burner 2. It should be noted that the superheated steam that carries the coal by air flow is not limited to the steam generated in the boiler, and for example, steam from a high-pressure steam generator may be used.
上記給炭器５には、微粉炭等の粉状の石炭のバンカー８
が、第１ロータリーフィーダ９、調節弁10を有する加圧
ライン11が接続されているロックホッパ12及び第２ロー
タリーフィーダ13を介して接続されている。The coal feeder 5 includes a bunker 8 for powdered coal such as pulverized coal.
Are connected through a first rotary feeder 9, a lock hopper 12 to which a pressure line 11 having a control valve 10 is connected, and a second rotary feeder 13.
また、燃料搬送ライン６のバーナ２近傍には、ライン６
中の圧力を検出するための圧力計14が接続されている。
さらに、燃料搬送ライン６の給炭器５からバーナ２に至
る外周には、保温材15がライン６を覆うように設けられ
ている。その燃料搬送ライン６の下流側の保温材15との
間には、コイル等の発熱体16がライン６を覆うように設
けられており、上記圧力計14の検出値に応じて電源装置
17が発熱体16への給電を制御して発熱体16の発熱により
燃料搬送ライン６が保温されるようになっている。尚、
燃料搬送ラインの全てに発熱体及び保温材を設けるよう
にしてもよい。Further, in the vicinity of the burner 2 of the fuel transfer line 6, the line 6
A pressure gauge 14 for detecting the internal pressure is connected.
Further, a heat insulating material 15 is provided so as to cover the line 6 on the outer periphery of the fuel transfer line 6 from the coal feeder 5 to the burner 2. A heating element 16 such as a coil is provided so as to cover the line 6 between the heat insulating material 15 on the downstream side of the fuel transfer line 6, and the power supply device is provided in accordance with the detection value of the pressure gauge 14.
The fuel supply line 6 is kept warm by the heat generation of the heating element 16 by controlling the power supply to the heating element 16. still,
A heating element and a heat insulating material may be provided in all the fuel transfer lines.
以上において、微粉炭等の粉状の石炭は、第１ロータリ
ーフィーダ９によってバンカー８からロックホッパ12に
供給され、そのホッパ12内が加圧ライン11からの窒素ガ
ス等の不活性ガスで加圧された後、第２ロータリーフィ
ーダ13によってホッパ12から給炭器５に供給される。In the above, pulverized coal such as pulverized coal is supplied from the bunker 8 to the lock hopper 12 by the first rotary feeder 9, and the inside of the hopper 12 is pressurized with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas from the pressure line 11. Then, the second rotary feeder 13 supplies the coal from the hopper 12 to the coal feeder 5.
給炭器５に供給された石炭は、ボイラ７からの過熱蒸気
（例えば圧力が約20kg/cm2の場合約250℃の過熱蒸気）
により燃料搬送ライン６を介して気流搬送され、バーナ
２から過熱蒸気と共に石炭ガス化炉１内に吹き込まれ
る。The coal supplied to the coal feeder 5 is superheated steam from the boiler 7 (for example, about 250 ° C when the pressure is about 20 kg / cm 2 ).
Is carried by an air stream through the fuel carrying line 6 and is blown into the coal gasification furnace 1 from the burner 2 together with the superheated steam.
このとき、燃料搬送ライン６が保温材15で覆われている
と共に、圧力計14の検出値に応じて発熱体16が発熱して
ライン６の冷えやすい下流側が加熱されるために、燃料
搬送ライン６は常に保温されることになる。このため、
過熱蒸気の温度低下による液化が防止されるから、過熱
蒸気がドライの状態に保たれるので、石炭を過熱蒸気で
気流搬送することができる。例えば、過熱蒸気の圧力が
約20kg/cm2で温度が約250℃の場合、その過熱蒸気の飽
和温度が200℃であるので、蒸気温度が200℃以下になら
ないように燃料搬送ライン６を保温することにより、過
熱蒸気がドライの状態に保たれることになる。At this time, since the fuel transfer line 6 is covered with the heat insulating material 15 and the heating element 16 generates heat according to the detection value of the pressure gauge 14 to heat the downstream side of the line 6 which is easily cooled, the fuel transfer line 6 is heated. 6 will always be kept warm. For this reason,
Liquefaction due to the temperature drop of the superheated steam is prevented, so that the superheated steam is kept in a dry state, so that the coal can be carried by the superheated steam by air flow. For example, when the pressure of superheated steam is about 20 kg / cm 2 and the temperature is about 250 ° C., the saturation temperature of the superheated steam is 200 ° C. Therefore, keep the fuel transfer line 6 warm so that the steam temperature does not drop below 200 ° C. By doing so, the superheated steam is kept in a dry state.
石炭ガス化炉１内には、石炭が吹き込まれると共に、酸
化剤ライン４からの高圧の空気又は酸素の酸化剤がバー
ナ２から吹き込まれる。すると、炉１内では、石炭が、
高温（約1200〜1600℃）高圧（約20〜40kg/cm2）下で、
下記式に示すように反応して一酸化炭素（CO）と水素ガ
ス（H2）が得られ石炭ガス化ガスが生成される。Coal is blown into the coal gasifier 1, and high-pressure air or oxygen oxidant from the oxidant line 4 is blown from the burner 2. Then, in the furnace 1, coal
Under a high temperature (about 1200 to 1600 ° C.) high pressure (about 20~40kg / cm 2),
Carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen gas (H 2 ) are obtained by reacting as shown in the following formula, and coal gasification gas is generated.
Ｃ＋1/2O2→CO H2O＋Ｃ→CO＋H2 生成した石炭ガス化ガスは、排出ライン３に流入し、ガ
ス精製装置等を介して脱塵，脱硫後、ガスタービン等の
燃料として使用される。C + 1 / 2O 2 → CO H 2 O + C → CO + H 2 The produced coal gasification gas flows into the discharge line 3, is dedusted and desulfurized through a gas purifier, etc., and is used as fuel for a gas turbine or the like.
上述のように、粉状の石炭が過熱蒸気により気流搬送さ
れて石炭ガス化炉１に吹き込まれることにより、石炭と
蒸気が混合されてから炉１内に吹き込まれるために、吹
き込まれた直後の石炭と蒸気との混合状態が良いので、
ガス化反応が促進される。このため、ガス化するときの
未燃分の発生が少なくなり、ガス化効率が向上すること
になる。As described above, since the powdery coal is carried by the superheated steam in the air stream and blown into the coal gasification furnace 1, the coal and the steam are mixed and then blown into the furnace 1. As the mixture of coal and steam is good,
The gasification reaction is promoted. Therefore, the generation of unburned components during gasification is reduced, and the gasification efficiency is improved.
また、ガス化反応するための水分が過熱蒸気として炉１
内に吹き込まれるので、水分を蒸発させるための熱損失
が少なくなると共に、過熱蒸気の温度が比較的高いため
に、石炭の温度がある程度上昇してから石炭が炉１内に
吹き込まれるので、石炭の温度を上昇させるための熱損
失が少なくなり、石炭ガス化炉１の熱効率が向上するこ
とになる。In addition, the water for the gasification reaction is heated as superheated steam in the furnace 1.
Since it is blown into the furnace, heat loss for evaporating water is reduced, and since the temperature of the superheated steam is relatively high, the coal is blown into the furnace 1 after the temperature rises to some extent. The heat loss for increasing the temperature is reduced, and the thermal efficiency of the coal gasification furnace 1 is improved.
さらに、過熱蒸気で石炭を気流搬送させることにより、
石炭ガス化炉１内のガス化反応に寄与しない余分な窒素
ガス等が少なくなる。すなわち、石炭を気流搬送する過
熱蒸気量は、従来の湿式の場合の石炭水スラリ中の水分
量より半分以下であると共に、乾式の場合の窒素ガス等
の搬送気体が無くなるために、石炭ガス化炉１内の余分
な窒素ガス等が少なくなる。これにより、生成したガス
中の一酸化炭素等の燃料ガス量が増えるので、石炭ガス
化ガスの発熱量が高くなる。Furthermore, by carrying the coal by air flow with superheated steam,
Excessive nitrogen gas and the like that do not contribute to the gasification reaction in the coal gasification furnace 1 are reduced. That is, the amount of superheated steam that conveys coal by air flow is less than half the amount of water in the coal water slurry in the case of the conventional wet type, and since the carrier gas such as nitrogen gas in the case of the dry type is lost, coal gasification Excessive nitrogen gas and the like in the furnace 1 are reduced. As a result, the amount of fuel gas such as carbon monoxide in the generated gas increases, so that the calorific value of the coal gasification gas increases.
したがって、粉状の石炭を過熱蒸気により気流搬送して
石炭ガス化炉１内に吹き込み、そこでガス化することに
より、石炭のガス化性能が向上することになる。Therefore, the gasification performance of coal is improved by carrying powdered coal by superheated steam, blowing it into the coal gasification furnace 1 and gasifying it.
［発明の効果］ 以上要するに本発明によれば、粉状の石炭を過熱蒸気に
より気流搬送して石炭ガス化炉内に吹き込むことで、ガ
ス化効率及び熱効率が向上し、石炭のガス化性能を向上
できるという優れた効果を発揮する。[Effects of the Invention] In summary, according to the present invention, by transporting powdered coal by superheated steam in an air stream and blowing it into the coal gasification furnace, gasification efficiency and thermal efficiency are improved, and coal gasification performance is improved. It has an excellent effect that it can be improved.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す構成図である。 図中、１は石炭ガス化炉、２はバーナ、４は酸化剤ライ
ン、５は給炭器、６は燃料搬送ラインであるFIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a coal gasifier, 2 is a burner, 4 is an oxidizer line, 5 is a coal feeder, and 6 is a fuel transfer line.
Claims (1)
酸化剤を吹き込んで石炭をガス化するに際し、上記粉状
の石炭を過熱蒸気により気流搬送すると共に、その搬送
ラインの下流側を上記過熱蒸気の飽和温度以上に加熱し
ながら上記石炭ガス化炉内に吹き込むことを特徴とする
石炭ガス化炉への給炭方法。1. When gasifying coal by blowing powdery coal and an oxidizer into a high-temperature and high-pressure coal gasification furnace, the powdery coal is conveyed by superheated steam in an air stream and downstream of the transfer line. A method for supplying coal to a coal gasification furnace, characterized in that the side is blown into the coal gasification furnace while being heated above the saturation temperature of the superheated steam.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2093844A JPH07119426B2 (en) | 1990-04-11 | 1990-04-11 | How to feed coal gasifier |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2093844A JPH07119426B2 (en) | 1990-04-11 | 1990-04-11 | How to feed coal gasifier |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03292397A JPH03292397A (en) | 1991-12-24 |
| JPH07119426B2 true JPH07119426B2 (en) | 1995-12-20 |
Family
ID=14093712
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2093844A Expired - Lifetime JPH07119426B2 (en) | 1990-04-11 | 1990-04-11 | How to feed coal gasifier |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07119426B2 (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3927998A (en) * | 1973-12-28 | 1975-12-23 | Texaco Inc | Production of methane-rich gas stream |
| JPS51145504A (en) * | 1975-05-28 | 1976-12-14 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | A reformer |
| JPS61254695A (en) * | 1985-05-07 | 1986-11-12 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Feeding of coal and char to oxygen blow coal gasification furnace |
-
1990
- 1990-04-11 JP JP2093844A patent/JPH07119426B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03292397A (en) | 1991-12-24 |
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