JPH07112846B2 - Signature binding pretreatment device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a signature binding pretreatment device for binding signatures sequentially discharged from a rotary press or the like and delivering them to a binding machine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG.
The one shown in 2 is known. This apparatus stacks the conveyors 101 and 102 such as a belt conveyor for conveying the signatures A discharged from the rotary press and the signatures A conveyed by the conveyors into a fixed number of small bundles B, After that, the stacker 103 to be dropped and this stacker 103 stacks the signature A into a small bundle B.
A stopper (not shown) that temporarily stops the signatures A conveyed by the conveyors 101 and 102, a lifting table 104 that receives the small bundle B that has dropped from the stacker 103, and small The transverse feed means 105 for feeding the bundle B in the lateral direction and the small bundle B sent by the transverse feed means 105 are placed, and the small bundle B processed before and after the bundle B has a fold in the signature. The turntable 106 rotates so as to be positioned on the opposite side, and the stacking machine 107 that lifts the small bundle B on the turntable 106 and stacks the small bundle up to a fixed number.
Then, the plurality of small bundles B accumulated by the accumulator 107 are
Bands are bound by a binding machine (not shown).

The turntable 106 is rotated because, as shown in FIG. 13, one small bundle B is bulkier on the fold side than on the opposite cut end side. That is, the small bundle B has the folds aligned in the same direction, and
This is because the small bundles B on the upper side of the stacked pieces are tilted and the stability is impaired when they are stacked at 7.

[0004]

By the way, in the case of the conventional signature bundle pretreatment device, the turntable 106 on which the small bundle B is mounted is lifted up and down at the center of the small bundle mounting surface as shown in FIG. A table body 111 having a storage hole 110,
It can move up and down with respect to the table main body 111, becomes flush with the table main body 111 when stored in the storage hole 110, raises the small bundle B when lifted, and vertically and horizontally according to the vertical and horizontal size of the signature A. A plurality of notches 112 that have dimensions and do not support the lower surface outer peripheral portion of the small bundle B on the two long sides in the narrow width direction.
And an elevating member 113 formed with. Note that in this figure, the number 4 in the JIS A row (below the dashed line) X
And column A number 5 (upper one-dot chain line) Y are shown half by half, and in actual use, in column A number 4, two Xs are line-symmetric with respect to the one-dot chain line, Also A
For row 5, two Y's are line-symmetric with respect to the alternate long and short dash line.

On the other hand, the stacking machine 107, as shown in FIG. 15, has a pair of rake-shaped scooping plates 1 having rakes 114 having finger pieces 114 for lifting the outer peripheral surface of the lower surface of the small bundle on the elevating member.
15, 115 are provided on the two long sides of the elevating member. When the small bundle B is lifted by the stacking machine 107, the lower surface of the small bundle B exposed from the notch 112 in the state where the elevating member 113 is raised is scooped by the finger pieces 114 of the scooping plate 115. It is done by raising. Further, when the size of the signature A is different, the elevating member 113
As a matter of fact, those whose vertical and horizontal dimensions matched the size of the signature A were exchanged with the ones that had been used until then. Therefore, when the size of the signature A is changed, the lifting member 113 and the table body 111 need to be replaced, which makes the replacement work cumbersome and requires a long time, and the operation of the rotary press etc. There was a problem that the rate decreased.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and even if the size of the signature is changed, it is possible to reduce the frequency of exchanging the elevating member and the table body, improve the operation rate, and eventually the rotary press or the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a signature binding pretreatment device capable of improving the operation rate of the signature binding.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to bundle signatures sequentially discharged from a rotary press or the like and deliver them to a binding machine, and a transporting machine for receiving and transporting signatures from the rotary press or the like. , A stacker that receives the signatures conveyed by the carrier, stacks them into a certain number of small bundles, and then drops the small bundles, a lifting table that receives the small bundles that have dropped from this stacker, and this lifting table The transverse feeding means for feeding the above small bundle in the lateral direction, the small bundle sent by the transverse feeding means are placed, the turntable for rotating and raising this small bundle, and the small bundle on this turntable In the signature binding pretreatment device comprising a stacking machine for picking up and stacking small bundles, the turntable has a common shape regardless of whether it is row A or row B.
Ri, a table body elevating member housing hole is opened in the central portion of the small bundle mounting surface, become table body flush when received in the receiving hole a vertically movable relative to the table body, The small bundle can be raised when it is raised, and it has vertical and horizontal dimensions according to the vertical and horizontal sizes of the signatures, and it has a common shape regardless of the rows A and B.
An elevating member having a plurality of notches that do not support the outer peripheral portion of the lower surface of the small bundle on two long sides in the narrow width direction and two short sides in the wide width direction. Align the wider part of the smaller numbered signatures with the width direction of the elevating / lowering member, and make the larger numbered part of the signatures narrower between the wider part and the elevating / lowering member. It is designed so that it can be placed in the same width direction.
The stacking machine for lifting a small bundle on the lifting member includes a pair of rake-shaped scooping plates having finger pieces that can be inserted into the cutouts, on the two long sides or the two short sides of the lifting member. In preparation for this, even if the turntable is rotated in accordance with the number of the signature, the finger piece is selectively inserted into the notch formed in the two long sides or the two short sides of the elevating member. The notch portion and the finger piece are respectively positioned so that they can be inserted.

[0008]

In the present invention, by rotating the turntable, the signature of the smaller number among the signatures of consecutive numbers in the same row regardless of the rows A and B is moved up and down in the width direction. The wide width direction of the member can be matched, and the signature with the higher number can be placed on the lift member with the wide width direction and the narrow width direction of the lift member aligned. Even when the turntable is rotated according to the number of the signature, the finger piece can be inserted into the cutout portion formed in the two long sides or the cutout portion formed in the two short sides of the elevating member. , Row A, B
When changing the size between signatures of consecutive numbers in the same row regardless of row, it is not necessary to replace the turntable.
You can handle changes in signature size by simply rotating it.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 shows a signature binding pretreatment device according to the present invention, which is JI
It is a schematic diagram which shows an Example at the time of processing the signature of SA line 4th and A line 5th. In the figure, A indicates a signature discharged from a rotary press (not shown) or the like. The signature A may be, for example, a sheet of paper that is folded in two, a sheet of paper that is further folded in two, or a sheet of paper that is not folded at all. The signature A is stored by being conveyed by the conveyors 1 and 2 formed of, for example, belt conveyors and being dropped onto the stacking machine 10 provided below the exit of the conveyor 2,
Here, a fixed number of small bundles B are stacked. The signatures A being transported on the transport device 2 during the period of this stacking.
Is temporarily stopped by a stopper (not shown) attached to the carrier 2. The small bundles B stacked by the stacking machine 10 are then dropped from the stacking machine 10, received by the elevating table 20 provided below, and sent laterally by the lateral feeding means 30 such as a pusher. It is placed on the turntable 40, lifted by a stacking machine 70 and stacked up to a fixed number of bundles, and then bound by a binding device (not shown).

A signature A conveyed on the conveyors 1 and 2
As shown in FIG. 3, the row A number 4 (dashed line) has its narrow width direction aligned with the conveyance direction C, and the row A number 5 (dashed line) has its wide width direction in the conveyance direction C. Matched. The stacking machine 10 includes a bottom plate 11 on which signatures A are stacked as shown in FIG. The bottom plate 11 is provided so as to be movable in the horizontal direction by the advancing / retreating operation of the cylinder 12, and is located below the exit of the carrier 2 so that the signature A can be received when the cylinder 12 is advancing. Cylinder 1
When 2 retreats, it moves into the lower side of the carrier 2, and by this retreat operation, the signature A received from the carrier 2 is dropped downward. The cylinder 12 is retracted when the desired number of signatures A on the bottom plate 11 has become a desired number, that is, a small bundle B.

Around the upper side of the bottom plate 11, a signature contact plate 14 with which the leading end side of the signature A dropped from the carrier 2 abuts, and two side plates 1 that regulate the widthwise ends of the signature A.
3a (only one is shown), and an endless belt 17 that is wound around two rollers 6b and 16 above and below. The above-mentioned two side plates 13a are signatures A with different transport directions.
The facing distance is changed according to the size. The endless belt 17 prevents the signature A from moving along with the bottom plate 11 even when the cylinder 12 is retracted. The signature contact plate 14 vibrates as a whole in the direction in which it comes in contact with and separates from the end surface of the signature A by a vibration driving means (not shown), and aligns the end surface of the signature A.

In a state where the bottom plate 11 can receive the signature A, that is, in a state where the cylinder 12 is advanced,
Below the bottom plate 11, an elevating table 20 for receiving the falling small bundle B is arranged. This lifting table 2
0 is divided into two as shown in FIG. 5, and the two divided tables 20a and 20b are cylinders 21a and 21 respectively.
It is synchronized with b and moved up and down with the same movement. The lateral feed means 30 is disposed on the side of the lifting table 20.

The lateral feed means 30 is provided with a cylinder 31, and the pusher 32 attached to the tip of the cylinder rod 31a moves forward and backward by the forward and backward movements of the cylinder rod 31a. The lifting table 20 is divided into two parts so that the lifting table 20 can be lifted without contacting the cylinder rod 31a. In addition, the above-mentioned divided tables 20a and 20b and the cylinders 21a and 21b for moving them up and down are assembled by the pusher 32.
Has a frame structure having an internal space 22 that can be inserted therethrough, and when the lifting table 20 is in a raised state, the pusher 32 can be retracted from the forward position. As shown in FIG. 3, the small bundle B traversed by the pusher 32 has a narrow width direction in the case of row A number 4 and a wide width in the case of row A number 5, as shown in FIG. The directions are the same. And a small bunch B
A turntable 40 is arranged on the lower side.

The turntable 40 is JISA row No. 4,
As shown in FIG. 1, the table main body 41 and the elevating / lowering member 42 that can be fitted into the elevating / lowering member storage hole 41a formed in the central portion of the table main body 41 are provided. When the small bundle B is placed on the turntable 40, the narrow width direction is aligned with the row A number 4 and the wide width direction is aligned with the row A number 5 with respect to the lateral feed direction D by the pusher 32. ing. The table body 41 rotates in the forward and reverse directions at a constant height position. The one elevating member 42 rotates integrally with the table main body 41 in the same direction and at the same angle, and is capable of moving up and down with respect to the table main body 41, and when fitted into the elevating member storage hole 41a, the table main body 41. And the upper surfaces are flush with each other, and the small bundle can be lifted when lifted.

Specifically, the rotation of the table body 41 and the elevating member 42, and the elevating and lowering of the elevating member 42 are performed by a rotary elevating drive system as shown in FIG. This rotary lift drive system is a reversible rotary motor 43 with a brake,
A gear 44a attached to the shaft 43a of the motor 43 and a gear 44b meshed with the gear 44a are provided. This gear 4
A table body (not shown) is fixed on the upper side of 4b, and a cylinder 45 is fixed on the lower side. This cylinder 45 has a cylinder rod 4 located above it.
5a is attached by penetrating the gear 44b, and the elevating member 42 is fixed to the tip of the cylinder rod 45a. Therefore, the table body 41 and the elevating member 42 are rotated by the motor 43 in the same direction and at the same angle, and the elevating member 4 is moved.
2 can move up and down with respect to the table body 41 regardless of the presence or absence of rotation. Reference numeral 49 in the figure is a cam type switch having a gear 49a meshing with the gear 44a.
The switch 49 is for rotating the turntable 40 by a desired angle and returning it to the original state.
The rotation of the motor 43 is controlled based on the rotation speed and rotation phase of the gear 49a. For example, at the time of stop, the frequency from the inverter 43c of the motor 43 is converted into a frequency for rotating the motor 43 at a speed as low as possible than the steady rotation speed, and when the turntable 40 reaches a desired angle. , The current to the motor 43 is cut off, and at the same time, the brake of the motor 43 is activated.

The reason for rotating the turntable 40 as described above is that the folds of the signature A are alternately set to the opposite sides as described in the section of the prior art, and in addition, the accumulation described later in detail. A pair of scooping plates 7 provided on the machine 70
This is to scoop the two long sides in the narrow width direction of the signature A regardless of the size by 3, 73 (see FIG. 11).
Then, the turntable 40 is attached to the small bundle B by the stacking machine 70.
When the scissors are picked up, as shown in FIG.
In the case of the turn, in order to position the scooping plate 73 on the long side of the signature A, the turntable 40 is rotated 90 ° from the state of FIG.
When the signature A is in the A-row No. 5 position, the turntable 40 is left unrotated as shown in FIG. In addition, when the folds of the signature A are alternately set to the opposite side, the following operation is performed. That is, in the case of row A number 4, FIG.
As shown in, for example, when the small bundle B is scooped up 90 degrees counterclockwise from the reference angle 0 and is picked up by the stacking machine 70, this time it is rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise, and in this state, the next small bundle is rotated. After receiving B, it is further rotated 90 ° in the clockwise direction, and when the small bundle B is scooped up by the stacking machine 70, it is rotated 90 ° in the counterclockwise direction to return to the reference angle 0.
Further, in the case of row A number 5, as shown in FIG. 8, for example, when the small bundle B is picked up by the stacking machine 70 by rotating 180 degrees counterclockwise from the reference angle 0, this time the opposite clockwise direction. It is rotated by 180 ° to the reference angle 0 and the next small bundle B is received in this state.

The elevating member 42 is a JIS row No. 4, A.
In order to be commonly used for the column No. 5, as shown in FIG. 9, the larger one of them, that is, the longitudinal dimension L1 and the lateral dimension L2 which are substantially equal to the longitudinal and lateral sizes of the signature A of the A column No. 4 are provided. Further, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 9, the elevating member 42 has five notches F1 to F5 and F6 to F6 on the long sides E1 and E2 in the narrow width direction, respectively.
10 is formed, and one cutout portion F is formed in the central portion on the short side E3 in the wide width direction with the cutout portions F1 and F6 being shared.
11, that is, a total of three cutouts are formed, and one cutout F12 is formed in the central portion, that is, a total of three cutouts on the other short side E4 in the wide direction in a state where the cutouts F5 and F10 are shared. Are formed. These notches F1 to F12 are
The long side and the short side have different shapes, and the long sides and the short sides have the same shape. The shape of the hole 41a for accommodating the elevating member is similar to the shape of the elevating member 42 having the cutouts F1 to F12 described above.

Further, such a turntable 40 is
As shown in FIG. 10, by moving the frame 46 to which the cylinder 46a is attached in the arrow direction by the operation of the cylinder 46a, the pusher 32 is moved back and forth in a direction orthogonal to the lateral feed direction D. Specifically, one end side of the frame 46 is placed on one side 47a of the mounts 47a, 47b arranged on both sides of the frame 46 via a guide rail 48a and a sliding board 48b fitted thereto. The other end of the frame 46 is provided with wheels 48 on the other mount 47b.
The turntable 4 is mounted on the turntable 4 by moving the cylinder rod 46b of the cylinder 46a forward and backward.
0 moves back and forth. This back-and-forth movement is performed by slightly shifting the end faces of the small bundles B in the vertical direction as shown in FIG.
It is used in the case of accumulating in a so-called staggered manner. In addition, as the accumulation state, in addition to the zigzag shape described above,
There is a state in which the end faces of the small bundle B are aligned with the upper and lower small bundles B.

For positioning the small bundle B on the turntable 40, as shown in FIG. 1, two removable doors 5 for restricting the tip side of the small bundle B received by the table 40 are provided.
0 and 50, and two intermediate fences 51 and 51 that regulate two sides except the front and rear end sides. The doors 50 are mounted on the turntable 40 in an upright state. In addition, the intermediate fence 51, as shown in FIG.
Two sets are provided at the upper and lower positions, with one set arranged in parallel on the left and right, and are brought into contact with and separated from each other in the vertical direction in the drawing by a contact and separation driving means (not shown) provided below the turntable 40. This contact / separation is performed so that it is wide in the case of row A number 4 and narrow in the case of row A number 5.

On the upper side of the turntable 40, the above-mentioned stacking machine 70 is provided. This stacking machine 70 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, when the elevating member 42 rises, the small bundle B on it is scooped. Specifically, fulcrum 7
It is provided with two arms 72 that can swing around once, and a scooping plate 73 provided at the lower end of the arm 72. Scooping plate 73
Is a plurality of finger pieces 7 that enter the cutouts F1 to F12 of the above-described dendritic lifting member 42 as shown in FIGS.
4 is formed like a rake, and the finger pieces 74 are notches F1.
~ F12 is relatively positioned. Therefore, the finger piece 74 does not contact the elevating member 42. Arm 72
When the elevating member 42 rises, the scooping plate 73 swings outward so as to spread the scooping plate 73 outward so that the two scooping plates 73 are not separated and contact the small bundle B. There is. Then, when the elevating member 42 reaches a rising limit that is a predetermined height above the scooping plate 73, the arm 72 swings inward and the scooping plate 73 enters under the small bundle B, and then the elevating member. As 42 moves down, the small bundle B is scooped up by the scooping plate 73.

In the above-mentioned scooping, the signature A is designed so that the four corners are supported by the finger pieces 74 of the scooping plate 73. That is, in the case of row A number 4, as shown in FIG. 7, the notches F1, F5, F6, F10 at the four corners of the elevating member 42 are provided.
The four corners of the small bundle B are located on the above, and the four corners of the lower surface of the small bundle B are scooped up by the finger pieces 74. In addition, in the case of row A number 5, as shown in FIG.
The four corners of the small bundle B are located on 2, F4, F7, and F9, and the four corners of the lower surface of the small bundle B are picked up by the finger pieces 74.
At this time, the finger pieces 74 at both ends of the scooping plate 73 do not contribute to scooping up the small bundle B due to the size of the signature. In addition, the finger piece 74 in the center of the scooping plate 73
Are notches F3 and F8 regardless of whether they are row A No. 4 or row A No. 5.
Alternatively, the lower surface of the small bundle B above F11 and F12 is supported.

Therefore, as described above, the finger piece 74 has the cutout portion F.
Since it is positioned relative to 1 to F12,
Even if the turntable 40 is rotated by 90 °, the scooping plate 73 can scoop up the small bundle B in the A row 4 and the small bundle B in the A row 5 without any trouble. Then, in the stacking machine 70, another small bundle B scooped before the scooping plate 73 is picked up.
Is present, the other small bundle B is placed on the small bundle B to be scooped from now on, so that the latest small bundle B is scooped under the other small bundle B. Accumulated on the side. Reference numeral 74 in FIG. 11 is a side plate that guides the small bundle B in a state where the small bundle B is not tilted sideways and the position is regulated.

Therefore, in the case of the apparatus of the present invention having such a configuration, the turntable 40 is rotated to rotate the turntable 40 so that the signature A having the smaller number of the signatures A in the A-row 4 and the A-row 5 can be used. (Row A, number 4), the width direction of which is the same as the width direction of the lifting member, and the larger numbered signature A (A
Row No. 5) can be placed with its wide width direction and the narrow width direction of the lifting member aligned. The pair of scooping plates 73, 73 in the form of a rake having finger pieces 74 provided so that the small bundle B raised by the elevating member 42 is not in contact with the elevating member 42. Since the turntable 40 can be scooped regardless of the rotation of the turntable 40, the frequency of exchanging the elevating member and the table body can be reduced, and thus the operating rate of the rotary press or the like can be improved.

Regarding the number of cutouts and fingers, in the above embodiment, a total of 12 cutouts are provided in the elevating member 42.
Further, although five finger pieces are provided for one scooping plate 73, the present invention is not limited to this, and small bundles B having different sizes can be scooped up without any trouble, and the turntable 40 can be rotated. Also, any number may be used as long as the positions of the cutout portion and the finger piece can be aligned.

Further, in the above embodiment, the signature A is J
The size of the ISA row 4 and the A row 5 is described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this.
The present invention can be applied to columns 3 and A 4, column B 4 and column 5, and the like, that is, all columns having consecutive numbers in the same column.

[0026]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, by rotating the turntable, the signature having the smaller number among the signatures having the consecutive numbers in the same row is moved in the width direction and the lifting member. Can be placed on the elevating and lowering member by aligning the width direction of the upper and the lower part of the signature with the larger number and the narrower direction of the elevating and lowering member. Since the piece can be inserted into the cutout portion formed in the two long sides or the cut portion formed in the two short sides of the elevating member even if the turntable is rotated according to the number of the signature,
When changing the size between signatures of consecutive numbers in the same row regardless of row A or row B , replace the turntable.
Since it is possible to deal with the change in the signature size by simply rotating it, it is possible to reduce the frequency of exchanging the lifting member and the table body, thereby improving the operating rate, which in turn increases the operating rate of the rotary press. It also has an excellent effect that it can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a turntable which is a main part of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an embodiment in the case where signatures of JIS A No. 4 and A A No. 5 are processed by the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the directions of signatures in A-row No. 4 and A-row No. 5 with respect to the transport direction C and the lateral feed direction D.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing the stacker 10.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a lifting table 20 and a lateral feed means 30.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a rotary drive system for rotating a turntable.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a direction of a signature on a turntable and a rotation state of the turntable when the signature of the A-th row No. 4 is picked up by the stacking machine.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a direction of a signature on the turntable and a turning state of the turntable when the signature of the A-th row No. 5 is picked up by the stacking machine.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing an elevating member.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a mechanism when small bundles are stacked in a zigzag manner.

FIG. 11 is a side view showing an integrated machine.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a conventional signature binding bundle pretreatment device.

FIG. 13 is a side view showing a state in which small bundles are accumulated in a staggered pattern.

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing a conventional turntable.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a conventional scooping plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Conveyor 2 Conveyor 10 Stacking machine 20 Lifting table 30 Traverse means 40 Turntable 41 Table body 41a Lifting member storage hole 42 Lifting members E1, E2 Long sides E3, E4 Short sides F1 to F12 Cutouts 70 Aggregator 73 Scooping Lifting plate 74 Finger piece

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A bundle of signatures sequentially discharged from a rotary press or the like is bundled and delivered to a binding machine, and a transport machine that receives and transports the signatures from the rotary press or the like and is transported by the transport machine. The stacker that receives the folded signatures, stacks them into a certain number of small bundles, and then drops the small bundles, the lifting table that receives the small bundles that have dropped from this stacker, and the small bundles on this lifting table in the horizontal direction. A transverse feed means for feeding and a small bundle sent by the transverse feed means are placed, a turntable for rotating and raising this small bundle, and a small bundle on this turntable is scooped up to accumulate the small bundles. In a signature bundle pretreatment device including a stacking machine, the turntable has a common shape regardless of whether it is row A or row B.
From it, the table body elevating member housing hole is opened in the central portion of the small bundle mounting surface, become table body flush when received in the receiving hole a vertically movable relative to the table body , It is possible to raise the small bundle when it rises, and it has vertical and horizontal dimensions according to the vertical and horizontal sizes of the signatures, and whether it has a common shape regardless of row A or row B.
And a lifting member having a plurality of notches that do not support the outer peripheral portion of the lower surface of the small bundle are provided on the two long sides in the narrow width direction and the two short sides in the wide width direction. The signature with the smaller number among the signatures with consecutive numbers in a row,
The wide direction and the wide direction of the elevating member are aligned with each other, and the signature with the larger number can be placed with the wide direction and the narrow direction of the elevating member aligned with each other. The stacking machine for lifting a small bundle on the lifting member includes a pair of rake-shaped scooping plates having finger pieces that can be inserted into the cutouts, on the two long sides or the two short sides of the lifting member. In preparation for this, even if the turntable is rotated according to the number of the signature, the notch or 2 formed on the two long sides of the elevating member.
A signature binding pretreatment device characterized in that the notch and the finger are respectively positioned so that the finger can be selectively inserted into the notch formed on the short side.