JPH07109402B2 - Physical property measuring device - Google Patents
Physical property measuring deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07109402B2 JPH07109402B2 JP33180589A JP33180589A JPH07109402B2 JP H07109402 B2 JPH07109402 B2 JP H07109402B2 JP 33180589 A JP33180589 A JP 33180589A JP 33180589 A JP33180589 A JP 33180589A JP H07109402 B2 JPH07109402 B2 JP H07109402B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- piezoelectric element
- sample liquid
- physical property
- measurement
- property measuring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） この発明は、化学、物理化学、生化学、食品、医療およ
び化学工業分野における液体等の粘性的な性質の測定を
行う装置に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring viscous properties of liquids and the like in the fields of chemistry, physical chemistry, biochemistry, food, medicine and chemical industry.
（発明の概要） この発明の物性計測装置は、液体や薄膜を圧電素子、例
えば水晶振動子の片側または両側の全体に接触させ、圧
電素子の電気的等価回路の成分（直列のコイル、コンデ
ンサ、抵抗および並列のコンデンサ）のうち抵抗成分
（共振抵抗）を求めることによって、試料の粘性や粘弾
性的性質を求めようとする装置である。この物性計測装
置は試料用液体に接触した圧電素子と、圧電素子の共振
周波数近傍を含む任意の周波数範囲を掃引しその圧電素
子の一方の電極に印加する発振回路と、圧電素子の他方
の電極からの出力電圧を平滑し電圧値を出力するための
信号平滑回路と、その出力された電圧値の最大値と最小
値の差の逆数を求め、試料用液体の年生に関わる物性を
計測するデータ処理手段を有し、さらに試料用液体を圧
電素子表面に保持したり液体中の圧電素子の電極同志を
絶縁するためのセルや、結果を表示、記録のための装置
などから構成されるものである。この装置によって、少
量の液体試料でも粘度の測定が可能となるとともに、迅
速な測定が可能になった。(Summary of the Invention) A physical property measuring apparatus according to the present invention is configured such that a liquid or a thin film is brought into contact with the entire piezoelectric element, for example, one side or both sides of a crystal resonator, and components of an electrically equivalent circuit of the piezoelectric element (coil in series, capacitor, This is a device that seeks the viscosity and viscoelastic properties of a sample by obtaining the resistance component (resonance resistance) of the resistance and the parallel capacitor. This physical property measuring device includes a piezoelectric element in contact with a sample liquid, an oscillation circuit for sweeping an arbitrary frequency range including the vicinity of the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric element and applying it to one electrode of the piezoelectric element, and the other electrode of the piezoelectric element. Data for measuring the physical properties related to the grader of the sample liquid by calculating the reciprocal of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the output voltage value and the signal smoothing circuit for smoothing the output voltage from the It has a processing means and further comprises a cell for holding the sample liquid on the surface of the piezoelectric element and for insulating the electrodes of the piezoelectric element in the liquid, and a device for displaying and recording the results. is there. With this device, it is possible to measure the viscosity of a small amount of liquid sample and also to measure the viscosity quickly.
（従来の技術） 従来、粘度測定には主として、細管法、落球法、回転法
が用いられてきた。細管法は、試料液体が細管を落下す
る速度から粘度を求めるもので、落球法は、試料液中に
金属球を入れ、その落下速度から粘度を求めるものであ
る。また、回転法は、試料液中で円筒状の金属棒を回転
させ、せん断応力を求めることによって、粘度を求める
ものである。(Prior Art) Conventionally, a capillary method, a falling ball method, and a rotation method have been mainly used for viscosity measurement. The capillary method determines the viscosity from the rate at which the sample liquid falls through the capillary, and the drop ball method determines the viscosity from the rate of dropping metal balls in the sample solution. In the rotation method, the viscosity is obtained by rotating a cylindrical metal rod in the sample liquid and obtaining shear stress.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） 従来の粘度測定方法では、少量の試料では測定できない
という問題点があった。また、細管法や落球法では、測
定にかなりの時間と労力が必要であった。また、回転法
も操作が煩雑な上、機械式の測定であるため機器のメン
テナンスが必要であるという問題点があった。(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) The conventional viscosity measuring method has a problem that it cannot be measured with a small amount of sample. In addition, the capillary tube method and the falling ball method require a considerable amount of time and labor for measurement. In addition, the rotation method has a problem in that the operation is complicated and maintenance of the equipment is required because it is a mechanical measurement.
（課題を解決するための手段） 上記課題を解決するために、本発明は圧電素子、例えば
水晶振動子を用いた簡便な粘度測定装置を提供するもの
である。本装置の構成は、試料用液体に接触した圧電素
子と、圧電素子の共振周波数近傍を含む任意の周波数範
囲を掃引しその圧電素子の一方の電極に印加する発振回
路と、圧電素子の他方の電極からの出力電圧を平滑し電
圧値を出力するための信号平滑回路と、その出力された
電圧値の最大値と最小値の差の逆数を求め、試料用液体
の粘性に関わる物性を計測するデータ処理手段を有し、
さらに試料用液体を圧電素子表面に保持したり液体中の
圧電素子の電極同志を絶縁するためのセルや、結果を表
示、記録のための装置などから構成されるものである。
本装置による測定の手順は次のようである。まず、試料
液を圧電素子と接触させ、圧電素子に一方の端子から測
定信号を共振周波数をカバーする周波数範囲で印加す
る。このときの上記の一方の端子の入力印加電圧ともう
一方の抵抗を介してGNDに接続された端子の出力電圧を
測定する。それぞれの電圧は、信号平滑回路を介して得
られた直流電圧をモニタする。圧電素子に対して印加し
た電圧と一方の端子で得られた電圧と接続した抵抗か
ら、測定周波数における圧電素子のインピーダンスを求
めることができる。このインピーダンスの逆数であるア
ドミッタンスの最大値・最小値の差の逆数を測定の指標
にした。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a simple viscosity measuring device using a piezoelectric element, for example, a quartz oscillator. The configuration of this device is as follows: a piezoelectric element in contact with a sample liquid, an oscillation circuit that sweeps an arbitrary frequency range including the vicinity of the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric element and applies it to one electrode of the piezoelectric element, and the other of the piezoelectric element. A signal smoothing circuit for smoothing the output voltage from the electrode and outputting the voltage value, and the reciprocal of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the output voltage value is obtained, and the physical properties related to the viscosity of the sample liquid are measured. Has data processing means,
Further, it is composed of a cell for holding the sample liquid on the surface of the piezoelectric element and insulating the electrodes of the piezoelectric element in the liquid, a device for displaying and recording the result, and the like.
The measurement procedure by this device is as follows. First, the sample liquid is brought into contact with the piezoelectric element, and a measurement signal is applied to the piezoelectric element from one terminal in a frequency range covering the resonance frequency. At this time, measure the input voltage applied to one terminal and the output voltage of the terminal connected to GND via the other resistor. Each voltage monitors the DC voltage obtained through the signal smoothing circuit. From the voltage applied to the piezoelectric element and the resistance connected to the voltage obtained at one terminal, the impedance of the piezoelectric element at the measurement frequency can be obtained. The reciprocal of the difference between the maximum and minimum values of admittance, which is the reciprocal of this impedance, was used as the measurement index.
（作用） 圧電素子は、共振周波数付近の周波数を印加することに
よって、機械的な振動を起こす。ずり振動の場合、液体
が接した状態で液体と圧電素子表面との間にはせん断応
力による抵抗を受ける。このときの機械的な抵抗は、圧
電素子の電気的な抵抗に対応していることが明かとなっ
ている。すなわち、圧電素子の等価回路（第２図）中の
抵抗R1は、圧電素子の表面の摩擦係数を反映した値と考
えられる。したがって、このR1に対応した値を求めるこ
とによって、試料の（ρη）0.5の値を求めることがで
きる（ここでρは密度、ηは粘度である）。(Operation) The piezoelectric element causes mechanical vibration by applying a frequency near the resonance frequency. In the case of shear vibration, resistance due to shear stress is applied between the liquid and the surface of the piezoelectric element when the liquid is in contact with the liquid. It has been clarified that the mechanical resistance at this time corresponds to the electrical resistance of the piezoelectric element. That is, the resistance R 1 in the equivalent circuit of the piezoelectric element (FIG. 2) is considered to be a value that reflects the friction coefficient of the surface of the piezoelectric element. Therefore, the value of (ρη) 0.5 of the sample can be obtained by obtaining the value corresponding to this R 1 (where ρ is the density and η is the viscosity).
第２図に示した圧電素子の等価回路のアドミッタンスＹ
は、 Ｙ＝1/（R1＋ｊωL1＋1/JωC1）＋ｊωC0 で表される。これをコンダクタンスＧとサセプタンスＳ
に分けて整理すると （Ｇ−1/2R1）２＋（Ｓ−ωC0）２＝（1/2R1）２ となり、第３のグラフが描ける。ここで、周波数を掃引
すると、点Ａから点Ｂへと値は変化する。本装置で得ら
れるデータは、全体のアドミッタンスとなるため、第３
図ｂのようになる。第３図ｂの最大点Ｃと最小点Ｄは、
第３図ａの点Ｃ、Ｄと対応している。すなわち、この最
大最小の差は、第３図ａのアドミッタンス線図の直径に
対応し、すなわちR1に対応した値となる。このような原
理から本装置によって、粘性の測定を行うことができ
る。Admittance Y of the equivalent circuit of the piezoelectric element shown in FIG.
Is represented by Y = 1 / (R 1 + jωL 1 + 1 / JωC 1 ) + jωC 0 . Conductance G and susceptance S
When organized into (G-1 / 2R 1) 2 + (S-ωC 0) 2 = (1 / 2R 1) 2 , and the the draw a third graph. Here, when the frequency is swept, the value changes from point A to point B. Since the data obtained by this device is the admittance of the whole,
It looks like Figure b. The maximum point C and the minimum point D in FIG.
It corresponds to points C and D in FIG. 3a. That is, this maximum-minimum difference corresponds to the diameter of the admittance diagram of FIG. 3a, that is, a value corresponding to R 1 . Based on such a principle, this apparatus can measure viscosity.
（実施例） 以下、この発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。第
１図は、本発明の物性計測装置の模式図を示したもので
ある。第１図において、圧電素子１は、片面が液体に接
するようにしたセル２に固定されている。発振器３の信
号は、増幅器４を介して、圧電素子１に接続され、同時
に抵抗４を介して接地されている。さらに、増幅器４の
信号は、信号平滑回路５に接続されている。圧電素子の
もう一方の端子は、抵抗４′を介して接地されるととも
に信号平滑回路５′に接続されている。平滑回路5,5′
の信号は、それぞれA/D変換回路６、６′を介して、コ
ンピューター７に接続されている。コンピューター７
は、発振器の周波数をコントロールするとともに、デー
タの処理、記録を行う。本実施例で使用した発振器の出
力は、サイン波で、1Hz−10MHzの範囲を1Hzごとに変化
させられるものである。Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the physical property measuring apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a piezoelectric element 1 is fixed to a cell 2 whose one surface is in contact with a liquid. The signal of the oscillator 3 is connected to the piezoelectric element 1 via the amplifier 4 and is also grounded via the resistor 4. Further, the signal of the amplifier 4 is connected to the signal smoothing circuit 5. The other terminal of the piezoelectric element is grounded via a resistor 4'and connected to a signal smoothing circuit 5 '. Smoothing circuit 5,5 ′
Signal is connected to the computer 7 via the A / D conversion circuits 6 and 6 ', respectively. Computer 7
Controls the frequency of the oscillator and processes and records data. The output of the oscillator used in the present embodiment is a sine wave, and the range of 1 Hz-10 MHz can be changed for each 1 Hz.
実際の測定では、試料液体をセルの中に入れ、圧電素子
として水晶振動子を使用し共振周波数の周辺で周波数を
掃引し、測定を行った。そして、すでに示したアドミッ
タンスの差を測定の指標とした。In the actual measurement, the sample liquid was put in the cell, a crystal oscillator was used as a piezoelectric element, and the frequency was swept around the resonance frequency, and the measurement was performed. Then, the admittance difference already shown was used as an index for measurement.
（水−グリセリン混合液の測定） 水−グリセリン混合液について、水100％からグリセリ
ン100％まで、水晶振動子の片面が液体に接するタイプ
のセルで、4MHz,6MHz,9MHzのATカット水晶振動子を用い
25℃で、測定を行ったところ、本装置で得られた結果と
文献値より得た（ρη）0.5の値は、良い直線関係を示
した（ここで、ρは密度、ηは粘度）。(Measurement of water-glycerin mixed solution) For water-glycerin mixed solution, from the water 100% to glycerin 100%, one side of the crystal resonator is in contact with the liquid cell, 4MHz, 6MHz, 9MHz AT cut crystal resonator Using
When the measurement was carried out at 25 ° C., the result obtained by this apparatus and the value of (ρη) 0.5 obtained from the literature value showed a good linear relationship (where ρ is the density and η is the viscosity).
（水−エタノール混合液の測定） 水−エタノール混合液について、水100％からエタノー
ル100％までについても同様に9MHz水晶振動子で、25
℃、30℃において測定を行ったところ、本装置で得られ
た結果は、（ρη）0.5と直線関係を示すことが確かめ
られた。(Measurement of Water-Ethanol Mixture) For water-ethanol mixture, 100% water to 100% ethanol was also measured with a 9MHz crystal oscillator.
It was confirmed that the results obtained by this device showed a linear relationship with (ρη) 0.5 when measured at ℃ and 30 ℃.
本装置において、測定範囲をコンピューターによって、
自動設定するようにした場合、測定時間と演算時間の合
わせた時間は、５秒以下であることが示された。さら
に、本装置の平滑回路５とA/D変換回路６の間にゲイン
を切り替え可能な増幅回路を追加することによって、広
い範囲の測定が可能になった。In this device, the measurement range is
It has been shown that, when the automatic setting is performed, the total time of the measurement time and the calculation time is 5 seconds or less. Furthermore, by adding an amplification circuit capable of switching the gain between the smoothing circuit 5 and the A / D conversion circuit 6 of this device, a wide range of measurement becomes possible.
また、試料液体量を変化させた場合でも測定結果の変化
はほとんどなく、0.1ml程度の試料でも測定が可能であ
った。Further, even when the amount of sample liquid was changed, there was almost no change in the measurement result, and it was possible to measure even a sample of about 0.1 ml.
（発明の効果） 本発明の物性計測装置によって、きわめて少量の液体の
粘度の測定が可能となり、また迅速に測定が行えるよう
になった。また、本装置は、機械的な可動部がないの
で、振動等の影響を受けずに測定が可能であり、また安
価に製造が可能である。(Effects of the Invention) With the physical property measuring device of the present invention, the viscosity of an extremely small amount of liquid can be measured, and the measurement can be performed quickly. Further, since this device has no mechanically movable part, it is possible to perform measurement without being affected by vibration and the like, and it is possible to manufacture at low cost.
第１図は、本発明の物性計測装置の模式図。第２図は、
圧電素子の等価回路を示す図。第３図は、圧電素子のア
ドミッタンスを示す図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a physical property measuring apparatus of the present invention. Figure 2 shows
The figure which shows the equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric element. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the admittance of the piezoelectric element.
Claims (2)
電素子の共振周波数近傍を含む任意の周波数範囲を掃引
し前記圧電素子の一方の電極に印加する発振回路と、前
記圧電素子の他方の電極からの出力電圧を平滑し電圧値
を出力するための信号平滑回路と、前記圧電素子のアド
ミッタンスの最大値と最小値の差の逆数に相当する前記
出力された電圧値の最大値と最小値の差の逆数を求め、
試料用液体の粘性に関わる物性を計測するデータ処理手
段を有することを特徴とする物性計測装置。1. A piezoelectric element in contact with a sample liquid, an oscillating circuit for sweeping an arbitrary frequency range including the vicinity of the resonance frequency of the piezoelectric element and applying the same to one electrode of the piezoelectric element, and the other of the piezoelectric elements. A signal smoothing circuit for smoothing the output voltage from the electrode and outputting a voltage value, and the maximum value and the minimum value of the output voltage value corresponding to the reciprocal of the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the admittance of the piezoelectric element. Find the reciprocal of the difference between the values,
A physical property measuring apparatus having a data processing unit for measuring physical properties relating to the viscosity of a sample liquid.
る試料用セルに、片面が前記試料用液体に接するように
固定された構成である特許請求の範囲第１項記載の物性
計測装置。2. The physical property measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric element is fixed to a sample cell that holds the sample liquid so that one surface is in contact with the sample liquid. .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33180589A JPH07109402B2 (en) | 1989-12-20 | 1989-12-20 | Physical property measuring device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33180589A JPH07109402B2 (en) | 1989-12-20 | 1989-12-20 | Physical property measuring device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03189540A JPH03189540A (en) | 1991-08-19 |
| JPH07109402B2 true JPH07109402B2 (en) | 1995-11-22 |
Family
ID=18247839
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP33180589A Expired - Lifetime JPH07109402B2 (en) | 1989-12-20 | 1989-12-20 | Physical property measuring device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH07109402B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3388060B2 (en) * | 1994-11-25 | 2003-03-17 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Fluid characteristic measuring element and fluid characteristic measuring device |
-
1989
- 1989-12-20 JP JP33180589A patent/JPH07109402B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH03189540A (en) | 1991-08-19 |
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