JPH07108158B2 - Mushroom respiration rate measuring device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mushroom respiration rate measuring device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Artificial cultivation of various types of mushrooms has become widespread.
In the artificial cultivation of this mushroom, a mushroom cultivation bottle filled with a culture medium is put into a sterilization kettle for heat sterilization, and then inoculated with a bacterium to perform mycelial culture for a predetermined period of time, at a stage where the mycelium is sufficiently spread in the culture medium, so-called. Bacteria are sterilized to remove old inoculum to promote the generation of primordia and harvest after a predetermined cultivation period. The timing of fungal oysters shifting from the culturing process to the culturing process significantly affects the yield and cultivation period of mushrooms. That is, if it is too early than the proper period, mycelia still grows vigorously, and the heat generated by the growth of mycelia causes the bed surface to dry and crack, causing a phenomenon called so-called floor burns, which reduces the yield. There is. If it is too late, the cultivation period will be extended accordingly.

[0003]

Conventionally, the timing of fungal oysters has been empirically determined by visually observing the prevalence of hyphae. However, in such a blind judgment, variations are apt to occur, and it is difficult to specify the optimum time for sterilization. Further, conventionally, it is also known that a part of the culture medium is taken out from a mushroom cultivation bottle and the water content is measured to determine the time of oyster oysters. However, this method is completely empirical, and although a relationship between the water content of the culture medium and mushrooming has been suggested, it is not considered to indicate the physiological aspect of the culture mycelium, I can't judge exactly when. by the way,
Mushrooms under cultivation can be fungi around (mycelial spread)
There is a peak of carbon dioxide emission by the end, and then it decreases to reach the minimum value. It is empirically known that the optimum period for sterilization coincides with the time when the carbon dioxide emission is at its minimum value. Different types of mushrooms and different cultivation conditions naturally lead to different times of fungal oysters, and the present situation is that the conventional judgment is based on experience as described above. If the minimum value of carbon dioxide emissions can be easily obtained, mushroom cultivation becomes easy without intuition or skill.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in order to meet the above-mentioned demand, and an object of the present invention is to measure a minute amount of carbon dioxide gas and to easily determine an optimum bacillus-scraping time. To provide the equipment.

[0005]

The present invention has the following constitution in order to achieve the above object. That is, a carbon dioxide absorbing agent is housed, a gas absorbing section for introducing external air, a correction measuring section connected to the gas absorbing section through an introducing pipe and having an internal air discharge path, and the correction measuring section. An on-off valve that opens and closes the internal air discharge passage of the measurement unit of, and is connected through the introduction pipe with the gas absorption unit, has an internal air discharge passage, can store mushroom cultivation bottles inside, and carbon dioxide A measuring unit containing an absorbent, an opening / closing valve for opening and closing the internal air discharge passage of the measuring unit, and introducing external air into the gas absorbing unit,
An air pump for introducing external air, in which carbon dioxide gas is absorbed by a carbon dioxide gas absorbent, into the measurement unit and the correction measurement unit via the introduction pipe, and purging air in the measurement unit and the correction measurement unit. And a differential pressure gauge for detecting the differential pressure between the pressure inside the measuring unit for correction and the external pressure, and carbon dioxide gas discharged by the mushroom mycelium of the mushroom cultivation bottle housed in the measuring unit is absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorbent. It is characterized in that it is equipped with a differential pressure gauge for detecting the differential pressure between the external pressure and the pressure in the measuring section which is decompressed.

[0006]

The operation in FIG . 3 will be described. First, both measurement units 1
8 and the mushroom cultivation bottle in the measuring unit 34 for correction upside down
Housed, then with the open / close valves 22, 36 open
Operate the air pump 14 to remove carbon dioxide-free external air.
Qi is introduced into the measuring unit 18 and the measuring unit for correction 34,
Purge the air. In this way, stop the air pump 14.
Stop and close the on-off valves 22, 36 and the on-off valves of the introduction pipe 20.
The pressure inside the measuring unit 18 and the external pressure after a certain period of time.
Of the pressure in the measuring unit for correction 34 at the same time.
And the pressure difference between the external pressure and the external pressure. In the above case, correction measurement
The results measured in section 34 show how the external pressure fluctuates.
On the other hand, the amount of carbon dioxide gas
It will be higher by the amount of partial pressure. Therefore, the difference between the two
The Rukoto, the differential pressure between the exact external pressure wear detection.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic principle. Reference numeral 10 denotes a gas absorbing portion, in which a carbon dioxide absorbing agent 12 such as KOH is stored. The gas absorption part 10 is basically formed in a sealed container. Reference numeral 14 denotes an air pump, which sends the outside air into the gas absorption portion 10 through the delivery pipe 16. Reference numeral 18 denotes a measurement unit, which is basically formed in a closed container, is connected to the gas absorption unit 10 by an introduction pipe 20, and is openably and closably connected to the outside by a discharge pipe 24 with an opening / closing valve 22. The introduction pipe 20 is an open / close valve not shown.
Opens and closes the pipeline. A carbon dioxide absorbent 12 such as KOH is stored in the measuring unit 18. Further, in the measuring unit 18, the mushroom cultivation bottle 26 can be supported and stored in an inverted state. The mushroom cultivation bottle 26 can be put into and taken out of the measuring unit 18 with a lid (not shown) removed . Reference numeral 28 denotes a support, which is formed of, for example, a wire mesh and can support the mushroom cultivation bottle 26 in an inverted state. A differential pressure gauge 30 is provided so as to communicate with the measuring unit 18, and can detect the differential pressure between the pressure inside the measuring unit 18 and the external pressure.

Next, the method of use will be described. First, the mushroom cultivation bottle 26 is stored in the measuring unit 18 in an inverted state. Next, the air in the measuring unit 18 is purged with clean air. That is, the on-off valve 22 is opened and the air pump 14 is opened.
To drive. As a result, the external air is introduced from the delivery pipe 16 into the gas absorption unit 10, where the carbon dioxide gas is absorbed and removed, and the air from which the carbon dioxide gas has been removed is introduced into the measurement unit 18 via the introduction pipe 20 and measured. The air in the portion 18 is purged with the carbon dioxide-free air. Next, the air pump 14 is stopped, the on-off valve 22 and the introducing pipe 20 are closed, and the air pump 14 is kept as it is for a certain period of time, for example, 1 minute. Measuring unit 1
In 8, oxygen is consumed and carbon dioxide is released by breathing hyphae. This carbon dioxide gas is absorbed by the carbon dioxide gas absorbent 12. Therefore, the pressure in the measurement unit 18 gradually decreases, and the differential pressure between the pressure in the measurement unit 18 and the external air can be detected with time by the differential pressure gauge 30. It is clear that this differential pressure correlates with the respiratory volume of the mushroom,
It can be an indicator of the culture status of mushrooms.

FIG. 2 shows the results of measuring the differential pressure for each elapsed time in the cultivated bottles of Buna shimeji cultivated on different culture days. In addition,
The differential pressure is indicated by the water column pressure. As is clear from FIG. 2, it was found that the differential pressure gradually increased with the lapse of time, that is, the amount of carbon dioxide gas increased, and in the case of different culture days, 16 days passed, 39 days passed, 67 days passed. It can be measured that the differential pressure decreases in the order of progress, and the released amount of carbon dioxide gas gradually decreases.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the present invention to which the above basic principle is applied . In this embodiment, a measuring unit 34 for correction is provided in addition to the above-mentioned device. The measuring part 34 for correction is also connected to the gas absorbing part 10 by the introduction pipe 20, and is openably and closably connected to the outside by a discharge pipe 38 having an opening / closing valve 36. The gas absorption part 10 of the introduction pipe 20
Between the measuring unit 34 and between the measuring unit 34 and the measuring unit 18.
An on-off valve (not shown) that opens and closes the pipeline should be installed between
And of course. Reference numeral 40 is a differential pressure gauge for detecting the differential pressure between the pressure inside the correction measuring unit 34 and the external pressure, and 42 is a recorder for recording the detection results of both differential pressure gauges 30, 40. Since the other parts are the same as those of the device of the above-mentioned basic principle, description thereof will be omitted. In the measuring device of the above-mentioned basic principle, even if there is a slight change in the external pressure due to, for example, opening and closing the door in the culture room or operating a fan, the pressure difference is sensitively caught by the differential pressure gauge 30, and the differential pressure is increased accordingly. There may be an error in the measurement of. In this respect, in this embodiment, the fluctuation of the external pressure can be corrected. Explaining how to use,
First, the mushroom cultivation bottle is housed in the both measuring units 18 and the correction measuring unit 34 in an inverted state in the same manner as described above, and then the air pump 14 is operated with the opening / closing valves 22 and 36 opened to operate the carbon dioxide gas. Free external air is introduced into the measuring unit 18 and the correction measuring unit 34 to purge the internal air. In this way, the air pump 14 is stopped and the on-off valves 22, 3
6 and the on-off valve of the introduction pipe 20 are closed, and after a certain period of time, the differential pressure between the pressure in the measuring unit 18 and the external pressure is measured, and at the same time, the differential pressure between the pressure in the measuring unit for correction 34 and the external pressure is measured. measure. In the above case, the result measured by the correction measuring unit 34 is always higher than the measurement result of the measuring unit 18 by the partial pressure of carbon dioxide gas, no matter how the external pressure changes. Therefore, by taking the difference between the two, the pressure difference from the external pressure can be accurately detected.

FIG. 4 shows changes in the differential pressure of the beech squirrel measured as described above for each number of days elapsed. In the measurement, two mushroom cultivation bottles are randomly selected from the shelves for each measurement, and the measurement results are shown by alternately replacing the measurement unit 18 and the correction measurement unit 34. Sample 1 is the data that was initially measured in the measuring unit 18, and Sample 2 is the data that was initially stored in the measuring unit for correction 34 and transferred to the measuring unit 18 for measurement. The same pattern was shown in both Samples 1 and 2, and depression was observed on the 43rd day and the 70th day. Four
On the 3rd day, it was clear by visual observation that the mycelium rotation was not sufficient, and on the 70th day, the mycelium rotation was sufficient. This 70
The cultivated condition of the plot where the fungus was sterilized on the day was extremely good. The pressure difference between Samples 1 and 2 is considered to be because Sample 2 had a long time in the chamber until the time of measurement. That is, since the amount of carbon dioxide gas accumulated in the culture medium is large in the sample 1 measured first, the baseline becomes high, and in the sample 2, after purging, the carbon dioxide gas in the bottle is in the chamber during the measurement of sample 1. It is thought that the baseline becomes lower because it diffuses into the. Therefore, by increasing the purge time, the difference between the two can be reduced.

FIG. 5 shows a diagram of carbon dioxide emissions of beech squirrels extracted from “Basic mushroom science and latest technology” edited by the Editorial Committee of Mushroom Technology Group. Further, FIG. 6 shows a graph obtained by calculating an average value from the plot of FIG. In the original diagram of FIG. 5, a smooth curve is drawn, but in FIG. 6, a drop is seen on the 40th day, and the minimum value is shown after 70 days. As described above, the oxygen consumption of Pleurotus cornucopiae has a periodicity, which is a phenomenon commonly observed in mycelia. As is clear from the above comparison, it has been proved that the carbon dioxide gas amount can be accurately measured even in the apparatus of this embodiment. In the above-mentioned examples, the measurement results using Buna shimeji were shown, but in the case of enoki mushrooms, the carbon dioxide emission amount could be suitably measured.

Although the present invention has been variously described with reference to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. Of course.

[0014]

According to the mushroom breathing rate measuring apparatus of the present invention, the carbon dioxide amount can be accurately measured with a simple apparatus,
It is possible to easily determine the timing of fungal oysters in mushroom cultivation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a device of the basic principle .

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of measuring the amount of carbon dioxide in Buna shimeji with the measuring device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the present invention .

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of measuring the amount of carbon dioxide gas of Buna shimeji with the measuring device of the example of the present invention .

FIG. 5 is a graph showing conventional carbon dioxide gas measurement data.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the average of the plots of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Gas Absorbing Part 12 Carbon Dioxide Absorbing Agent 14 Air Pump 18 Measuring Part 20 Introducing Pipe 22 Opening / Closing Valve 24 Discharging Pipe 26 Mushroom Cultivation Bottle 30 Differential Pressure Meter 34 Compensating Measuring Unit 36 Opening / Closing Valve 38 Discharging Pipe 40 Differential Pressure Meter

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A gas absorbing section for accommodating a carbon dioxide absorbent and introducing external air, and a correction measuring section connected to the gas absorbing section through an introducing pipe and having an internal air discharge path. An on-off valve that opens and closes the internal air discharge path of the correction measurement unit, is connected via the gas absorption unit and an introduction pipe, has an internal air discharge path, and can store a mushroom cultivation bottle inside. In addition, a measuring unit that stores a carbon dioxide absorbent, an on-off valve that opens and closes the internal air discharge passage of the measuring unit, and external air is introduced into the gas absorbing unit so that carbon dioxide gas is generated by the carbon dioxide absorbent. An air pump for introducing the absorbed external air into the measurement unit and the correction measurement unit through the introduction pipe, and purging the air of the measurement unit and the correction measurement unit, and the pressure in the correction measurement unit And a differential pressure gauge that detects the differential pressure between the external pressure and Carbon dioxide gas discharged by the mushroom mycelium of the mushroom cultivation bottle housed in the measuring unit is reduced by the absorption of carbon dioxide by the carbon dioxide absorbent. A differential pressure gauge that detects the pressure difference between the pressure in the measuring unit and the external pressure is used. A mushroom respiration rate measuring device comprising.