JPH07103260A - One-way clutch device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make rotational transmission possible from the driving side to the driven side but to prevent rotational transmission from the driven side to the driving side. CONSTITUTION:In a fixedly held immobile housing 5, a load cam 6 on the driven side is loosely arranged on the inner peripheral sides of a plurality of clutch pieces 8 projectingly formed on a driving cam on the driving side so as to be interferred with them. Rolling bodies 4 are interposed between pressing tips 8B of the clutch pieces 8 and in the space formed by clutch groove parts 7C on the load cam 6 outer periphery and the housing 5 inner peripheral surface. In the rotation on the driving side, the load cam 6 is driven and rotated by pressing and moving the rolling bodies 4 into the clutch groove parts 7C through the pressing tips 8B, while, in the rotation on the driven side, the rotation of the load cam 6 itself is stopped by pressing and moving the rolling bodies 4 to the housing 5 inner peripheral surface by the clutch groove parts 7C.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is used, for example, for opening and closing a vinyl house, winding up a film, a net, etc., and can transmit the rotation from the drive side by a manual handle or a mechanical electric power source. However, the present invention relates to a one-way clutch device in which the rotational torque from the load side is not transmitted to the drive side.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional one-way clutch device of this type, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-116451, a roller having a wedge action and a ball are interposed between a drive shaft and a driven shaft. There is something that I made. on the other hand,
In the case of holding rollers and balls with a cage,
Specifically, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-32931, in a rotary power transmission device including an input shaft, an inertial body shaft, and a casing, a claw receiver coupled to the inertial body shaft is rotated in the casing. Freely attach, position this with a pin in the recess of the outer periphery, and fix the operating shaft consisting of a clutch piece that engages with the pair of tabs of the input shaft,
There is one in which a pair of claws is constantly pressed against the inner surface of the casing by a spring provided on the claw receiving body. Also, the actual exploitation 55
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 80538, a roller inserted into a window hole of a slip guide ring is inserted into a roller insertion recess, the slip guide ring is slidably contacted with an outer ring, and the outer ring has a V-shape having a meshing portion. Some have a groove. Further, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-94136, a track portion on which a roller engages and rolls is provided at an opposing portion of two pairs of rotating bodies, and a portion of the rotating body on one side where the roller is interposed. There is one that is provided with an inclined part for restraining and accommodating rollers. Then, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-195431, a cage having a roller pocket in which a roller position restricting portion is formed is rotatably independent between an outer ring and an inner rotating member. There are various mechanisms such as intervening ones.

[0003]

However, in the one-way clutch device of this kind, as disclosed in the above-mentioned respective documents, the intervening roller that exerts the wedge action and the ball are returned to the original position by the elastic force. In addition, since the cage is provided for the roller and the ball, the structure itself is quite complicated. Furthermore, since the load torque from the driven shaft directly acts on the drive shaft via the rolling elements having a wedge action, the drive shaft and the driven shaft and the wedge function between them are damaged, causing a failure.

Further, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 62-116451, there is no restriction on the position of the roller and the rolling means of the ball.
The ball may directly hit the fixing member or rub against it, causing a direct failure of the rolling means. In addition, since the rolling mechanism operates the taper locking clutch with a long rotation stroke of the roller and the ball until it stops in the recess, some backlash remains when rotating from the opposite direction, and due to the dragging of the roller and the ball in the recess. However, it has a drawback that it cannot be stopped immediately and that a backlashing operation is apt to occur due to a reversing torque due to a reaction of rotation from the opposite direction, so that the effect of the wedge action cannot be sufficiently exhibited.

Therefore, the present invention was created in view of the above existing circumstances, and a rolling element having a wedge action is constrained between a drive shaft and a driven shaft without a retainer. Therefore, in the one-way clutch device,
By stopping the load torque from the driven shaft side in advance by the rolling element having a wedge action, it is prevented that it directly acts on the drive shaft side, and the wedge function between the drive shaft and the driven shaft and between them is damaged as before. It also prevents backlash from occurring on the drive shaft itself via the rolling elements due to reaction torque from the driven shaft side, and minimizes the number of structural parts as much as possible. The one-way clutch device that eliminates the cause of failure by doing so and effectively guides the rolling elements to the outside and inside without any elastic force or extra regulation member, and fully and effectively exhibits the function of the wedge action. The purpose is to provide.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in the present invention, a clutch piece 8 is projected into an end surface of a drive shaft 3 which is connected to a drive side, in a stationary and fixed housing 5. The formed drive cam 9 and the load cam 6 coaxially protruding from the driven shaft 7 connected to the load side are coaxially fitted to each other without interference, and the drive cam 9 is provided.
Pressing tips 8 formed on both ends of each clutch piece 8
B, the pressing tips 8 of the clutch pieces 8 adjacent to each other
A plurality of pressing spaces P sandwiched by B, a clutch groove 7C formed by continuously forming a rolling surface 7A and a tightening surface 7B on the outer periphery of the load cam 6, and an inner peripheral surface of the housing 5. The rolling element 4 having a wedge action is interposed in the wedge-shaped space Q of the rolling element 4 and the pressing tip portion 8 is placed outside the center of rotation of the rolling element 4.
B is arranged, and when transmitting the rotation in the forward and reverse directions on the drive shaft 3 side, the pressing tip portion 8B of the drive cam 9 is abutted against the rolling element to regulate and guide it inward so that it is driven through the clutch groove portion 7C. When the shaft 7 is rotated, and when the driven shaft 7 is rotated, the rolling element 4 is rotated by the tightening surface 8B of the clutch groove portion 8C.
Is pushed outward and pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5 to prevent rotation.

For the rolling element 4 interposed in the wedge-shaped space Q,
An appropriate clearance d may be provided between the rolling surface 7A of the clutch groove portion 7C and the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5.

The clutch piece 8 is formed with pressing tips 8B symmetrically at both front and rear ends in the circumferential direction, and the clutch groove 7 is formed.
C is a rolling surface 7A and a tightening surface 7B symmetrically in the front and rear in the circumferential direction.
And the pressing tips 8B of the clutch pieces 8 are tapered so that the inner peripheral surfaces thereof gradually increase in diameter as they reach the both ends of the clutch pieces 8 themselves. The groove portion 7C can be configured to have the rolling surface 7A at the deepest portion on the center side and the tightening surfaces 7B that gradually become shallower on both sides.

The rolling element 4 having the wedge action is
It may be a roller or a ball made of a soft to semi-hard elastic resinous material or a hard metallic material.

[0010]

In the one-way clutch device according to the present invention, when the drive cam 9 on the drive side is normally or reversely rotated, the pressing tips 8B at both ends of the clutch piece 8 of the drive cam 9 are connected to the rolling element 4. The rolling element 4 is centripetally pressed and moved to the inner side of the drive cam 9 while coming into contact with the outer peripheral surface outside the center of rotation. Then, the rolling element 4 is brought into contact with the rolling surface 7A of the clutch groove portion 7C of the load cam 6, so that the rolling element 4 is in a wedge state sandwiched by the rolling surface 7A of the clutch groove portion 7C and the pressing tip portion 8B of the clutch piece 8. Become. As a result, the drive cam 9 and the load cam 6 are integrated in the housing 5, and the driven shaft 7 is also rotated by the rotation of the drive shaft 3.
That is, when transmitting rotation in the forward and reverse directions on the drive shaft 3 side, the driven shaft 7 is rotationally driven by abutting the pressing point 8B of the drive cam 9 against the rolling element 4 and guiding and guiding it inward.

On the other hand, when the load cam 6 on the load side rotates in the normal direction or the reverse direction, the rolling element 4 is centrifugally pressed and moved to the inner peripheral surface side of the outer housing 5 by the tightening surface 7B of the clutch groove portion 7C of the load cam 6. The rolling element 4 is sandwiched between the tightening surface 7B and the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5 to form a wedge state. Then, the load cam 6 and the immobile housing 5 are integrally immobile via the rolling elements 4, and the drive cam 9 is brought into a non-interference state in which the rotational torque from the load cam 6 is not transmitted. That is, when rotating from the driven shaft 7 side, the rolling element 4 is pushed outward by the tightening surface 7B of the arcuate clutch groove portion 7C, and is pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5 to rotate the driven shaft 7. Stop it.

The clutch piece 8 and the clutch groove portion 7C, which are symmetrically formed in the front and rear in the circumferential direction, respectively include a drive shaft 3 and a driven shaft 7.
The same function is applied to the rotations in the respective forward and reverse directions, and the forward and reverse rotations from the driving side are rotationally transmitted to the driven side, and neither the forward and reverse rotations from the driven side are transmitted to the driving side.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 is a one-way used for various purposes such as opening and closing of vinyl houses, winding of films, nets and the like. Is a clutch device,
Rotation from the drive side can be transmitted to the load side by a manual handle or a mechanical / electrical power source, but rotation torque from the load side is not transmitted to the drive side. As shown in FIG. 1, the components are roughly divided into a drive shaft 3 having a drive cam 9 projecting from one end, a rolling element 4 having a wedge action, a housing 5 fixedly held by a stationary portion, and a load cam 6. The driven shaft 7 is provided at one end of the driven shaft 7. The driven shaft 7 is connected to, for example, the opening and closing of a vinyl house and the winding points such as films and nets.

The drive shaft 3 has a drive cam 9 which is located on the outer periphery of one end of the drive shaft 3 and is formed by axially projecting a large number of clutch pieces 8 each having an arc or fan shape in cross section at equal intervals. On both sides of each clutch piece 8, the center of rotation (inside)
The pressing point 8B is symmetrically formed by the notched inclined portion 8A, that is, by forming the thinned portion so that the diameter gradually becomes larger as it reaches both ends. And
The outer radius of the clutch piece 8 is smaller than the inner radius of the housing 5 described later, and the inner radius of the clutch piece 8 is formed larger than the outer radius of the load cam 6 described later. Although the number of clutch pieces 8 in this embodiment is four at equal intervals, the number of clutch pieces 8 should be one to three and five.
It is also possible to form and dispose more than one piece, and by using the corresponding number of clutch groove portions 7C and rolling elements 4 which will be described later, appropriate stress distribution is possible.

The rolling element 4 having a wedge action is specifically a roller or a ball made of a soft or semi-hard elastic resin material, and has a drive cam 9, a load cam 6 and a housing 5.
The bounce coefficient for and is minimized. As another specific example of the rolling element 4 having a wedge action, a roller or a ball made of a hard metal material may be used, and the bounce coefficient for the drive cam 9, the load cam 6 and the housing 5 and the rolling element 4 itself. It may be configured to maximize the moment of inertia.

Further, for example, the housing 5 fixedly held by a stand or other immovable portion (not shown) at the installation site has a cylindrical shape, and the clutch piece 8 of the drive cam 9 is concentric with the housing 5. The drive cam 9 is inserted inside so that the drive cam 9 can rotate in the housing 5 in a free state. Then, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rolling element 4 having the wedge action is inserted and inserted into the pressing space portion P having the width D sandwiched between the pressing tip portions 8B of the adjacent clutch pieces 8. The diameter R of the rolling element 4 at this time
On the other hand, the width D is formed to be the same or larger.

The rolling element 4 has an adjacent clutch piece 8
Of the load cam 6 when interposed between the pressing tips 8B of the
Positioning is performed between the positioning flange 2 surface projectingly formed on the outer peripheral surface and the drive shaft 3 end surface having the clutch piece 8 projectingly formed, and its withdrawal is prevented.

The load cam 6 projectingly formed on the driven shaft 7 is inserted concentrically inside the clutch piece 8 of the drive cam 9 and is arranged along the circumference in a state of being disengaged from the drive cam 9. The clutch piece 8 is configured to be freely rotatable on the inner peripheral side thereof, and the rolling surface 7 is provided on the outer peripheral surface thereof so as to face the pressing space portion P between the adjacent clutch pieces 8 of the drive cam 9.
A cross section formed by continuously forming A and the tightening surface 7B has a clutch groove portion 7C that is hollowed in an arc shape. The clutch groove portion 7C itself has one rolling surface 7A at the deepest portion on the center side, and has a total of two tightening surfaces 7B that gradually become shallower on both sides. The surface 7A and the tightening surface 7B are smoothly and continuously formed.

A wedge-shaped space Q is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5, the clutch groove portion 7C of the load cam 6 and the pressing point 8B of the clutch piece 8 of the drive cam 9.
In addition, the rolling element 4 having the wedge action is interposed, and further, the pressing point 8B is arranged outside the center of rotation of the rolling element 4, and the rolling element 4 constrained and accommodated in the wedge-shaped space Q is formed. On the other hand, the rolling surface 7 of the arc-shaped clutch groove portion 7C
An appropriate clearance d between A and the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5
Is provided. That is, the gap T1 between the rolling surface 7A and the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5 is set to be slightly larger than the diameter R of the rolling element 4 so that the clearance d is appropriately given to the rolling element 4 and the tightening surface 7B is A distance T2 between the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5 and the diameter R of the rolling element 4 is set to be smaller. Therefore, when the drive shaft 3 rotates, that is, when the clutch piece 8 turns, the inner peripheral surface of the pressing tip portion 8B, that is, the inclined portion 8A centrifugely moves the rolling element 4 inward of the housing 5, and the clutch piece By sandwiching the rolling element 4 in a wedge shape between the driven shaft 7 and the outer peripheral surface of the driven shaft 7, the driven shaft 7 can be driven to rotate as shown in FIG. On the contrary, when the driven shaft 7 rotates, the clutch groove portion 7C
The clamping surface 7B moves the rolling element 4 to the outside of the housing 5 in a centrifugal manner, and the rolling element 4 is wedged between the clamping surface 7B and the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5, so that the rolling element 4 is driven as shown in FIG. It is designed to prevent rotation of the shaft 7. In some cases, the clearance d may not be formed, and in this case, the response operation of rotation transmission or reverse rotation prevention can be promptly performed.

Further, the clutch piece 8 has pressing tips 8B symmetrically formed at both front and rear ends in the circumferential direction, and the clutch groove portion 7C has symmetrical rolling surfaces 7A and tightening surfaces before and after in the circumferential direction. 7B is formed so that the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 7 function similarly in the forward and reverse directions of rotation.

Next, to explain an example of the use of the device of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the drive shaft 3 and the drive cam 9 are driven by the rotational torque from the drive side by, for example, a manual handle or a mechanical electric power source. As shown in FIG. 5, when the normal rotation or the reverse rotation is performed, the pressing tips 8B formed at both ends of the clutch piece 8 of the drive cam 9 come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rolling element 4 outside the center of rotation. Then, the rolling element 4 is centripetally pressed and moved toward the center of rotation inside the drive cam 9, and is brought into contact with the rolling surface 7A of the arc-shaped clutch groove portion 7C of the load cam 6, and the rolling element 4 is moved to the clutch groove portion 7C. The rolling surface 7A and the pressing tip 8B of the clutch piece 8 are in a wedge action state. At this time, since the clearance d is generated between the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5 and the rolling element 4 in the wedge action state, the drive cam 9 and the load cam 6 are integrally rotated in the housing 5 so as to rotate freely. That is, when transmitting rotation in the forward and reverse directions on the drive shaft 3 side, the driven shaft 7 is rotationally driven by abutting the pressing tip portion 8B of the drive cam 9 against the rolling element 4 and guiding and guiding it inward.

On the contrary, when rotation is applied from the driven shaft 7 side which is the driven side, the forward rotation or the reverse rotation of the load cam 6 is as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the rolling element 4 is centrifugally pressed and moved toward the inner peripheral surface side of the outer housing 5 by the tightening surface 7B of the arcuate clutch groove portion 7C of the load cam 6, so that the clamping surface 7B and the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5 are separated from each other. The rolling element 4 is sandwiched between them to be in a wedge action state. At this time, the load cam 6 and the stationary housing 5 are integrally fixed via the rolling elements 4, and the drive cam 9 is in a non-interference state in which the rotational torque from the load cam 6 is not transmitted. That is, when rotating from the driven shaft 7 side, the rolling element 4 is pushed outward by the tightening surface 7B of the arcuate clutch groove portion 7C and pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5 to prevent the driven shaft 7 from rotating.

[0023]

According to the present invention configured as described above, the rolling element 4 having a wedge action is provided between the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 7 between the clutch pieces 8 on the drive shaft 3 side. Driven shaft 7
Since it is arranged so as to be movable in the radial direction in the space formed by the clutch groove portion 7C on the side of the driven shaft 7 from the side of the drive shaft 3 and the like.
It is possible to transmit the rotation to the side and, on the contrary, to prevent the rotation from the driven shaft 7 side to the drive shaft 3 side.

Moreover, the load torque from the driven shaft 7 side is stopped by the rolling element 4 having a wedge action in advance to prevent the load torque from directly acting on the drive shaft 3 side. Shaft 7 and rolling element 4 having a wedge function therebetween
This prevents the drive shaft 3 itself from rattling due to backlash or the like via the rolling element 4 due to the reaction torque from the driven shaft 7 side. Not only that, by reducing the number of structural parts as much as possible, the cause of failure can be eliminated, and guide regulation to the outside and inside of the rolling element 4 can be effectively performed without any elastic force or extra regulation member. The function of wedge action can be sufficiently and effectively exhibited. Further, like many conventional ones, the rolling element 4 can be constrained and intervened without a spring for returning to the original position or a retainer for retaining the wedge acting body, so that the structure is extremely simple and the main tense. Is also very easy.

The clutch piece 8 has pressing tips 8B symmetrically formed on both front and rear ends in the circumferential direction, and the clutch groove 7 is formed.
C is a rolling surface 7A and a tightening surface 7B symmetrically in the front and rear in the circumferential direction.
Since the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 7 are formed in the same manner, the same function can be applied to both the forward and reverse rotations of the drive shaft 3 and the driven shaft 7, and the forward / reverse rotation from the drive side can be reliably transmitted to the driven side. Neither forward or reverse rotation from the side is transmitted to the drive side.

Further, the pressing tip portion 8B of the clutch piece 8 is
The inner peripheral surface of the clutch piece 8 is tapered so that its diameter gradually increases as it reaches both ends of the clutch piece 8 itself.
Has a rolling surface 7A at the deepest portion on the center side and has tightening surfaces 7B that gradually become shallower on both sides. Therefore, the turning operation of the clutch piece 8 on the drive side causes the rolling element 4 to move. The driven-side clutch groove portion 7C is surely pressed and moved, and conversely, the turning operation of the driven-side clutch groove portion 7C surely moves the rolling element 4 to the inner peripheral surface of the housing 5. Therefore, rolling element 4
It is possible to speed up the movement response in the radial direction, and ensure the rotation transmission from the driving side and the rotation interruption from the driven side.

Since the rolling element 4 having a wedge action is a roller or a ball made of a soft or semi-hard elastic resin material, the bounce coefficient for the drive cam 9, the load cam 6 and the housing 5 can be minimized. , Drive damping effect by load side torque is minimized,
It is possible to obtain an appropriate cushioning action, and further, the rolling element 4
The state of meshing with is also reliable and stable.

Since the rolling element 4 having a wedge action is a roller or a ball made of a hard metal material, the bounce coefficient for the drive cam 9, the load cam 6 and the housing 5 and the moment of inertia of the rolling element should be maximized. The rolling element 4 can sufficiently absorb the load side torque without sliding due to friction, and its backlash effect is small.
Further, the engagement state between the drive cam 9 and the load cam 6 and between the load cam 6 and the housing 5 is also made firm, and the abrasion damage between them is reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of essential parts in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially longitudinal side view of the same main portion.

FIG. 3 is also a vertical side view of the main part.

FIG. 4 is an X in FIG. 2, which also shows a load side rotation state.
It is a vertical cross-sectional front view of the -X portion.

FIG. 5 is an X in FIG. 2, which also shows a driving side rotation state.
It is a vertical cross-sectional front view of the -X portion.

[Explanation of sign]

D Width between adjacent pressing tips P Pressing space Q Wedge space R Rolling element diameter d Clearance between rolling element and housing inner peripheral surface T1 Distance between rolling surface and housing inner peripheral surface T2 Tightening surface Distance from inner surface of housing 1 One-way clutch device 2 Positioning flange 3 Drive shaft 4 Rolling element 5 Housing 6 Load cam 7 Driven shaft 7A Rolling surface 7B Tightening surface 7C Clutch groove 8 Clutch piece 8A Slope 8B Push tip 9 Drive cam

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An immovable housing fixedly held,
The drive cam, which is formed by projecting a clutch piece on the end surface of the drive shaft that is connected to the drive side, and the load cam, which is coaxially projected to the driven shaft that is connected to the load side, are fitted on the concentric shaft without interference. In addition, a pressing space formed between the pressing tips of the clutch pieces of the drive cam and sandwiched between the pressing tips of the adjacent clutch pieces, and a rolling surface and a tightening surface on the outer periphery of the load cam. Are formed continuously, and a plurality of wedge-shaped spaces formed between the inner circumferential surface of the housing and rolling members having a wedge action are interposed, and the pressing member is pushed outward from the center of rotation of the rolling members. When the tip of the drive cam is transmitted in the forward and reverse directions, the pressing tip of the drive cam is pressed against the rolling element to guide and guide it inward to rotate the driven shaft through the clutch groove. From the driven shaft side One-way clutch device which is characterized in that so as to rotate prevented by pressing it by extrusion outward rolling elements by clamping surface of the clutch groove in the peripheral surface housing at the time of rolling. 2. The one-way clutch device according to claim 1, wherein an appropriate clearance is provided between the rolling element and the inner peripheral surface of the housing for the rolling element interposed in the wedge-shaped space. 3. The clutch pieces symmetrically form pressing tips at both front and rear ends in the circumferential direction, and the clutch groove portion symmetrically forms rolling surfaces and tightening surfaces in the front and rear in the circumferential direction. The one-way clutch device according to claim 1 or 2. 4. The pressing tip portion of the clutch piece is tapered so that the inner peripheral surface of the clutch piece gradually increases in diameter as it reaches both side ends of the clutch piece itself. The described one-way clutch device. 5. The one-way clutch device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the clutch groove portion has a rolling surface at the deepest portion on the center side, and has tightening surfaces gradually becoming shallower on both sides. . 6. The one-way clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the rolling element is a roller or a ball made of a soft or semi-hard elastic resinous material or a hard metallic material.