JPH07102540A - Sandbag, sandbag with net, and method for improving environment in underwater or waterfront - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve environment for the underwater or the waterfront by a method wherein a plurality of sandbags made of nonwoven fabric with connecting holes, are arranged, being connected with one another or covered with net-like covers in plural numbers respectively in each of coverings. CONSTITUTION:A sandbag 1 composed of a surface sheet 12, a reverse-side sheet, side sheets 14, and a covering piece 11, is made of synthetic resin nonwoven fabric. Connecting pieces 21 having connecting holes 2 respectively are provided to both ends (and at the center of the surface sheet 12 and the reverse-side sheet) of the bag. The covering piece 11 of the bag 1 is opened, and earth or the like is put into the bag through the opening, and the opening is sealed up by turning the covering piece 11 down and by fastening with surface fasteners provided to the covering piece 11 and the surface sheet 12. A plurality of bags 1, each of which is filled with fillings, are connected with one another with cords or the like inserted through the connecting holes 2, and the connected bags are arranged in the underwater or to the waterfront. The bags 1, each of which is filled with the fillings, may be covered and connected with one another with net-like synthetic resin covers with their connecting holes 2 projected outward.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bag for storing earth and sand which has mutual connecting portions and is used for civil engineering work underwater or at the water's edge, and one or more bags for storing earth and sand and a net-like cover on the outside thereof. The present invention relates to a bag for storing earth and sand provided with a net, and a method for improving the underwater or waterside environment such as a river or the sea by using the bags in which the padding is inserted and connecting them.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a so-called sandbag (a bag filled with earth and sand) is used in the event of an emergency such as a flood or disaster recovery work.
Is used. As the bag for the sandbag, a bag made of an inexpensive polyethylene sheet having excellent water resistance has been generally used. However, since the conventional sandbags are intended for temporary repairs in an emergency, it is only necessary to stack the sandbags individually and use them.If the sandbags are left in the water stream for a long period of time, part of the sandbags will flow out. Or the sandbag bag could be torn and the sandbag structure could be destroyed.

A technique for fixing the so-called sandbags (bags filled with earth and sand etc.) to the location is described in, for example, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 59.
-12812 and JP-A-52-95804. However, in the soil structure described in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 59-12812, a sheet is inserted between the sandbag layers, so that the sandbag on the sheet lacks stability and is made of metal or concrete in order to prevent outflow due to water flow. It is necessary to provide the wall surface of the above, and there is a drawback that it is complicated and spoils aesthetics. Further, according to the method described in JP-A-52-95804, since the fixing pile is driven into the sandbag of the plain woven bag to fix the sandbag, the bag is frayed and the earth and sand flow out, so that the bag cannot withstand long-term use. .

[0004]

Therefore, unlike the conventional sandbags (bags filled with sand, etc.), it is sufficient to temporarily arrange the sandbags, unlike the conventional sandbags (bags filled with sand, etc.). It is an object of the present invention to provide a bag which can be fixedly placed in water or at the waterside for a long period of time after being stored, and which does not require extra equipment. Another object of the present invention is to fill the bag with earth and sand, and then
Further, it is to provide a method for improving the environment by arranging in water or at the waterside such as a coastline.

[0005]

According to the present invention, the above object has a connecting portion which can be used for connecting with another bag, for storing earth and sand for civil engineering work underwater or at the water's edge. Can be accomplished with a bag. In addition, the present invention provides one or more of the above-mentioned bags for storing sand and one or more outside of the bags for storing sand in a state where at least one connecting portion of the bags for storing sand is usable. The present invention also relates to a bag for storing earth and sand with a net, which is used for civil engineering works underwater or near the water, and which includes a net-like cover that covers almost the entire surface. Furthermore, the present invention has a predetermined shape in which a plurality of the above-mentioned bags or net-equipped bags in which a padding is inserted and sealed in a housing portion and the connecting portions of each bag are connected to each other by a connecting means are provided in water or at the water's edge. It also relates to a method of improving the underwater or waterside environment, characterized in that it is placed in position.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the present specification, the term "bag for storing sand" refers to the bag itself regardless of whether or not the bag contains soil or the like, and is therefore clogged with sand or the like. If it is, it means only the part of the bag excluding dirt and sand. On the other hand, the term “sand-filled bag” refers to the entire bag in which the above-mentioned bag for storing sand is filled with earth and sand.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state in which a lid piece 11 of the bag 1 for storing sand according to the present invention is opened, and FIG. 2 is a front view showing a state in which the lid piece 11 of the bag 1 for storing sand is closed. , Fig. 3
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the bag filled with soil. A bag 1 for storing earth and sand shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 has a storage portion surrounded by a front sheet 12, a back sheet 13 and a side sheet 14. When the lid piece 11 is opened (FIG. 1), a filling material (for example, earth and sand) is inserted into the accommodation portion through the opening 16, and then the lid piece 11 is folded.
It is folded back at 7, and the lid piece 11 is locked to the front sheet 12 by the surface fasteners 18 provided on the back side of the lid piece 11 and the surface of the front sheet 12, and the opening 16 is sealed.

The earth and sand bag 1 of the present invention has a connecting piece 21 having a connecting hole 2, and the earth and sand bags can be connected to each other by a suitable connecting tool (for example, a string or a connecting metal fitting). . One or more connecting holes 2 are provided in one earth and sand bag 1. FIG. 5 shows an example in which the connecting belts 22 are provided at both ends of the bag 1 for storing sand and sand, the central portion of the back sheet 13 and the central portion (not shown) of the front sheet 12. Further, for example, one connecting piece 21 protruding in the central portion of the front sheet 12 may be provided, and the one connecting piece 21 may be connected to a large number of different sand-filled bags by an appropriate connecting tool.

The bag for accommodating earth and sand according to the present invention includes a portion for accommodating the padding, a means for sealing the padding after accommodating the padding, and a connecting portion for connecting to another bag for accommodating the earth and sand (sandbag). It suffices to have one or more. Therefore, the shape of the bag for storing sand is not particularly limited, and the shape of the bag filled with sand filled with a filling material is, for example, spherical or elliptical (eg, egg-shaped, pillow-shaped, rugby-ball-shaped), or columnar. (For example,
It can be in the shape of a rice bag, or in the shape of a polygonal column (for example, a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, a pentagonal column, a polyhedron). Further, the sealing means may be not only a combination of the locking means (for example, a surface fastener or a zipper) and the lid piece but also a method of binding the periphery of the opening 16 with a string or the like.

The size of the bag for storing sand according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and it may be about the same as a conventional sandbag,
For example, an elliptical bag filled with sand and sand, 30 cm long and 25 cm wide
× Maximum height of about 5 cm to height 120 cm × width 80 cm ×
It is easy to use one with a maximum height of about 50 cm.

The connecting portion provided on the bag 1 for storing sand and the means for connecting the bag filled with sand using the connecting portion are not particularly limited, and an appropriate connecting means is selected according to the mode of the connecting portion. To do. For example, in the case of using the illustrated connecting holes 2, the connecting holes 2 may be combined with a string, a skewer, a rope, a wire, and an iron bar. Even when the connecting portion of the bag 1 for storing sand and sand does not have a hole, a string, rope, wire,
A horizontal bar can be used. The position for attaching the connecting portion is also arbitrary.

As for the filling material to be packed in the bag 1 for storing the sand, the sand and the like can be used just like the conventional sandbag, but the construction waste can also be used. When using construction waste, etc., prepare a middle bag to be put in the bag 1 for storing earth and sand,
It is preferable that the middle bag is filled with concrete waste material, asphalt pavement waste material, or the like, and then inserted into the earth and sand storage bag 1 together with other ordinary fillers (for example, earth and sand).
Furthermore, the seeds of plants can be mixed with soil and the like to be used for greening.

The bag for storing earth and sand of the present invention can be manufactured from any material, but since it is used for civil engineering work underwater or at the water's edge, it is water-permeable and can maintain water resistance for a long period of time. It is preferably manufactured from a woven fabric, a knitted fabric or a non-woven fabric made of a fiber or a synthetic resin material. The use of a non-woven fabric is particularly preferable because it does not propagate to the whole even if one portion of the bag for storing sand is torn.

The present inventors have found that the fiber density D is 10 to 2000 m / cm ³ , preferably 20 to 20.
It is particularly preferable to use a non-woven sheet of 0 m / cm ³ .
Here, the fiber density D (m / cm ³ ) is defined by the following formula (1) D = [(basis weight (g / cm ² ) / fineness (d) x thickness (cm)] x9000 (1) Here, the fineness (d) is the weight (g) per 9,000 m of the non-woven fabric constituent fibers.When the fiber density exceeds 2000 m / cm ³ , the silt becomes clogged and the water permeability deteriorates, and conversely the fiber. If the density is lower than 10 m / cm ³ , the mesh is coarse and it becomes difficult to retain the filling.

The method for producing the nonwoven fabric used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, a nonwoven fabric sheet obtained by a spun bond method, a hydroentanglement method, a needle punch method, a heat fusion method or the like may be used. Further, the fibers of the non-woven fabric are not particularly limited, but olefin fibers and polyester fibers are preferable from the viewpoint of weather resistance, chemical resistance, corrosion resistance, etc., and particularly polyester fibers should be used with a plasticizer. Since it does not deteriorate in water, it can be preferably used. The thickness of the non-woven sheet is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 30 mm, more preferably 1 to 15 mm. If the thickness is less than 1 mm, the tensile strength will be insufficient, and if it exceeds 30 mm, clogging is likely to occur and workability is poor, which is not preferable.

The earth and sand bag 1 of the present invention can be used in combination with a net-like cover 3 that covers almost the entire outer surface of the earth and sand bag 1, as shown in FIG. 6, for example. In this case, at least one of the connecting portions 2 of the bag 1 for storing the sand and sand is projected to the outside of the net-shaped cover 3 in a usable state.
One net-shaped cover 3 may wrap not only one bag 1 for storing sand (sand-filled bag) but also two or more bags at the same time. In this case, it is not always necessary to mutually connect the bags 1 for storing sand (sand-filled bags) inside the net-shaped cover 3. Further, it suffices that at least one of the connecting holes 2 provided in the plurality of bags 1 for storing earth and sand is projected to the outside of the net-shaped cover 3 in a usable state. It is also possible to fill an empty (in some cases) sand storage bag 1 which is covered with the net-shaped cover 3 and is not packed with the padded material with the padded material so that the bag is covered with the net-shaped cover 3. However, it is preferable to first fill one or a plurality of bags 1 for storing sand with one pad to form one or a plurality of bags, and then apply the net-shaped cover 3.

The net-like cover 3 can be made of any material, such as polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride,
It can be manufactured from polyethylene, ABS resin, polycarbonate, polyester, or the like. The mesh shape of the net-shaped cover 3 is not particularly limited, but the front shape may be a mesh shape (random), a polygonal shape such as a quadrangle, a rhombus, or a hexagon (turtle shell), or a wavy cross-sectional shape. May be

The net-like cover 3 can protect the bag filled with sand and sand wrapped therein. When wrapping a plurality of sand-filled bags, it is possible to strengthen the connection between the sand-filled bags. In addition, when vegetating a plant on a bag filled with sand and sand, not only the root of the plant is pierced through the bag for storing sand 1 but also the plant 31 is further strengthened by the net-shaped cover 3 as shown in FIG. Can be held. Furthermore, if the stone 32 is inserted inside the net-shaped cover 3, it is possible to prevent the stone 32 from flowing off even when the bag filled with sand is installed inside the river.

By using the earth and sand bag and the earth and sand bag of the present invention, the environment in water or near the water can be improved. In particular, small rivers that have undergone revetment work create or restore environments similar to natural rivers (for example, rivers and pools) to improve the growth environment of aquatic organisms, and small rivers along the waterfront and artificial coasts. Create a waterfront consisting of a combination of a cape and a bay,
It can be used to create or restore small capes and bays on conventional waterfronts. It can also be used for slope protection of river embankments and for riverbank consolidation work. Therefore, the term "underwater" as used herein refers to underwater such as a river, lake, sea, or artificial canal, and the term "waterside" includes those shores, and further dikes. In addition, improving the environment means changing the natural movement of rivers and ocean waves around it by installing the specified structure created by the above-mentioned bag filled with sand and the bag filled with net at a specified position. Mainly to create an environment different from that before placement, but also to simply install those structures.

For example, by using the sand-filled bag of the present invention or the net-filled sand-filled bag, it is possible to artificially create a river and a pool in a river. FIG. 8 shows the sandbag 1 according to the present invention as a riverbed 4
1 and a crushed stone layer 42 is placed on it, and FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a part of the crushed stone layer 42. In FIG. 8, the broken line shows the state of the riverbed before the soil-filled bag 1 is arranged, and the solid line shows the state of the riverbed after the soil-filled bag 1 is changed. Sand-filled bag 1 and crushed stone layer 4
Due to the action of the river flow flowing in the direction A, the river bottom 43 (broken line portion in FIG. 8) before being laid is dug by the action of the river flow flowing in the A direction, and the river bottom 44 becomes deeper, so that the riverbed 44 becomes deeper. Is formed. On the other hand, above the structure, the water surface 4
The distance with 5 becomes narrower, the flow velocity becomes faster, and a stream is formed.

In this way, it is possible to artificially form a pond, which is an evacuation site when fish rest and floods, and a sea, which is a feed and spawning site, and which has an arbitrary shape suitable for the ecology of various aquatic organisms. And you can create a pool. Also,
By providing a crushed stone layer, it is possible to prevent the sand-filled bag from being worn due to gravel and create a landscape that blends in naturally. Further, since the bag filled with earth and sand can be connected to each other by a string or the like, it can withstand a high flow velocity at the time of flood. Even if a bag filled with sand and sand flows out, the amount of work required to restore it is small, it can be easily repaired according to changes in its shape, and it can be removed and additionally constructed, which is economically superior. In addition, water flow purification can be expected by the water flow that passes through the piled bag of earth and sand. In addition, when the above-mentioned polyester nonwoven fabric bag for storing sand is used, adhesion of algae and the like is better than other materials, and harmful substances and the like are not eluted in water.

Further, by using the sand-filled bag or the net-filled sand-filled bag of the present invention, a small bay portion and a cape can be formed on the waterfront of a river or the like to improve the waterfront. Figure 10
Fig. 2 schematically shows a change in which small sandy ridges and capes are formed as a result of arranging the soil-filled bag of the present invention at the waterfront line at predetermined intervals. First, as shown in (1) of FIG. 10, a structure composed of a bag filled with sand is projected and arranged at a predetermined distance in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction A on the waterfront line 51. Then, as shown in (2) of FIG. 10, the small cape prototype 52 is formed by depositing earth and sand on the arrangement portion of the structure, and the waterfront line between the structures is changed from the original waterfront line 51. It is eroded and retreats to form a small bay entry prototype 53. Then, as shown in (3) of FIG. 10, small sand caps 54 are formed by further depositing earth and sand or the like on the arrangement portion of the structure, and the waterfront line between the structures further extends from the original waterfront line 51. The small bay entrance 55 is formed by erosion and retreating. The arrangement interval of each construct may be freely changed.

In this way, it is possible to prevent linearization of the waterfront line, create a visually appealing waterfront line that is rich in variation, and form a large number of fish fauna by forming a bay entrance. . It can also provide shelter for fish during floods. In addition, in a place where the flow velocity is high, it is preferable to use a fixture such as a wooden pile and tie the sand-filled bag to the wooden pile. As plants grow over time,
It becomes a waterfront line similar to nature.

A use mode in which the sand-filled bag of the present invention or the sand-filled bag with net of the present invention is arranged on the bank of a river as the seawall roughness
This is schematically shown in FIG. 11 (perspective view) and FIG. 12 (cross-sectional view). That is, in the high water bed 63 and the high water revetment 64 formed on the upper part of the low water revetment 62 through which the river flow 61 flows, the earth-filled bag or the net-filled sandbag of the present invention is attached to the slope of the high water revetment 64. Roughness 6 from the top to the bottom
When 5 is arranged at a predetermined interval, the flow velocity along the slope of the river flow at the time of flood can be reduced, and the dike slope and the scouring of the slope can be prevented. In addition, it is possible to prevent erosion of the dike slope by rainwater during rainfall.

In order to prevent the water discharged from the revetment cross-section roughness 65 from accumulating at the dike slope front, the extension cross-roughness 66 is provided directly on the high water sill 63 so that the flow from the slope to the river flow 61 can be prevented. It is preferred to promote drainage. The extension bar roughness 66 is
It also helps prevent scouring at the front of the embankment during floods. In particular, if the cross-section roughness 67 of the bag filled with sand is provided in an inverted triangular shape from the top of the slope of the high water bank 64 to the bottom, the drainage will be better and the occurrence of rain cracks on the slope will occur. Can be prevented. The use of the above-mentioned polyester nonwoven fabric bag for accommodating earth and sand has good water permeability, and is useful for removing rainwater that has fallen on the slope of a dike. Further, since the bag for storing sand made of polyester non-woven fabric is slightly lacking in fire resistance, as shown in FIG. 12, the sand layer 68 is at least about 5 cm for protection against cigarette fire and for convenience of mowing. It is preferable that it is provided on the bag filled with sand in a thickness of.

FIG. 13 (cross-sectional view) showing a manner of using the earth-filled bag or the earth-filled bag with a net according to the present invention for root-banking work.
And schematically shown in FIG. 14 (plan view). That is, the waterfront line 72 in the middle of the low waterway slope 71 through which the river flow 61 flows.
A structure formed by connecting a plurality of bags 1 with earth and sand is arranged on the river bottom 74 through the low waterway revetment ridge 73 from below. If necessary, the end portion of the soil-filled bag 1 is fixed to a suitable fixture (for example, a wooden pile) 75 provided in the middle of the low waterway slope 71.
Also, if gravel is sprayed on the structure, a more natural landscape can be obtained.

In the conventional abandoned masonry, it is necessary to use stones capable of resisting the maximum discharge force at the time of flood,
In addition, there was a risk that the whole would be washed away due to scouring of the riverbed outside the abandoned masonry.However, if the bag filled with sand according to the present invention is used, the bag filled with sand will be connected to each other. There is no risk of spillage due to deformation due to scouring.

As described above, unlike the conventional sandbags which have not been used by being connected to each other, the sandbags can be connected to each other in the present invention. Since the resistance of the entire bag group of sand and sand works instead of the resistance of one bag, the stability of the bag of sand and sand improves. Further, since the retaining pile that directly penetrates the bag filled with sand and sand is not used, the bag for storing sand and sand can be used for a long time without fraying.

The earth-filled bag or the earth-filled bag with a net of the present invention is installed on the downstream side of the weir, in addition to the above-mentioned uses, to mitigate the water falling from the weir, to provide a fishway, and to filter the water. It can be used to prevent the movement of earth and sand. In addition, it can be spread over the central part of the river to form a middle state.

The so-called sandbag, which has been conventionally used, is mainly used as a temporary material in an emergency. Since it is generally made of a polyethylene film fabric, it is deteriorated by ultraviolet rays in about 3000 hours from the time of installation. Happened. When the polyethylene film woven fabric was torn at one place, it was transmitted as frays to the whole. Further, when left in water for a long time, there is a drawback that the plasticizer tends to flow out and deteriorate in water. On the other hand, in particular, the bag for storing soil according to the present invention, which is made of the above-mentioned polyester fiber non-woven fabric, does not deteriorate due to ultraviolet rays and the like, and does not use a plasticizer at the time of forming into a sheet, so that deterioration in water does not occur and a long-term It has sufficient resistance to arrangement. Further, since it is not a woven cloth, even if one part of the bag is torn, it does not propagate to the whole. Furthermore, drainage function such as rainwater can be expected.

[0031]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Since the sand-filled bags have a connecting portion that can be connected to each other, the resistance of the entire bag-filled bag works instead of the resistance of one bag-filled bag. Is good. Moreover, since the retaining pile is not directly used for the bag filled with sand, the bag for storing the sand is not frayed and can be used for a long time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state where a lid piece of a bag for storing earth and sand according to the present invention is opened.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the bag for storing earth and sand in FIG. 1 with a lid piece closed.

3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the bag for earth and sand storage of FIG. 1 is filled with padding.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a state in which the bag for storing earth and sand of the present invention is filled with padding.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a bag for storing earth and sand according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the net-equipped earth and sand storage bag of FIG. 6 in which plants and stones are provided in a net.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an arrangement state at the river bottom when forming a basin and a pool with the bag for storing sand according to the present invention.

9 is a plan view showing a crushed stone layer of FIG. 8 with a part thereof removed.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing changes in the case where the bag for storing sediment according to the present invention is arranged at a predetermined interval on the waterfront of a riverbank to form a small bay entrance and a cape.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which the sand-filled bag of the present invention is arranged on a bank of a river as a seawall roughness.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a soil layer and vegetation plants added to FIG.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which the soil-filled bag of the present invention is arranged for riverbank root consolidation work.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... bag for storing sand and sand; 2 ... connection hole; 3 ... net-like cover; 11 ... lid piece; 18 ... locking means; 4
1 ... River bottom 42 ... Crushed stone layer; 44 ... Pool; 51 ... Waterfront line;
54; cape; 55; bay entrance; 63; high water bed; 64 ... high water riverbank; 65 ... seawall roughness; 71
... Low waterway slope; 74 ... River bottom.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Hideo Yoshikawa, 1-9-12 Irifune, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Foundation Lawyer, River Environment Management Foundation (72) Yoshinobu Tateishi 1-9-12 Irifune, Chuo-ku, Tokyo No. Foundation Furukawa River Environmental Management Foundation (72) Inventor Rokuzo Sasaki 4-25-19 Chihaya, Toshima-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Masaki Todo 1-7-5 Sekido, Tama-shi, Tokyo Pacific Consultants Co., Ltd. In-house (72) Inventor Takuo Ohori 2-14-5 Sotokanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nihon Moto-Bileen Co., Ltd.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A bag for accommodating earth and sand, which has a connecting portion that can be used for connection with another bag, for civil engineering work underwater or at the water's edge. 2. One or more bags for storing sand according to claim 1, and one or more bags for storing sand in a state where at least one connecting portion of the bags for storing sand is usable. A net-containing bag for storing earth and sand for underwater or waterside civil engineering work, including a net-like cover that covers almost the entire outer surface. 3. A plurality of bags according to claim 1 in which a padding is inserted into the storage part and hermetically sealed, and the connection parts of each bag are connected to each other by a connecting means, and the bag is arranged at a predetermined position in water or at the water's edge. A method for improving the underwater or waterside environment, which comprises: 4. A predetermined shape in which a plurality of net-equipped bags according to claim 2 are sealed by inserting a padding into the accommodating portion, and the connecting portions of the respective bags are mutually connected by a connecting means at a predetermined position in water or at the water's edge. A method for improving the underwater or waterside environment, which is characterized in that