JP2963654B2 - Ishiwari net revetment method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing a bank of a river or lake. Conventional embankments are almost perpendicular to the water surface,
It was a method of filling concrete walls and ready-mixed backfill concrete. The present invention promotes the propagation of many water-based plants and insects and fishes that feed on the rivers, promotes the natural purification of water quality by these chains, and maintains the riverside as beautiful as a natural river. Hold, and overflow, flood,
It is intended to provide a revetment method with less risk of levee collapse.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In modern revetment work, both banks are surrounded by a nearly vertical concrete embankment, the bottom is solidified with concrete, and the water level is raised too high in order to allow a large amount of water to flow in a small area. Once the water enters the river, it does not seep into the ground, so once heavy rain falls, it repeatedly floods. This is fueled by asphalt roads, which do not allow water to penetrate, and concrete beating around buildings. Such a river has no self-purifying effect, and is turned into a stagnation of sewage. A lot of formwork wood is consumed for concrete casting, and deforestation further promotes flooding during heavy rains.

[0003] Considering how it was in the past, rain that fell on the mountains was retained by sufficient defoliation and mulch, filtered, purified by a number of microorganisms, and flowed out as springs and clear streams. Even in the countryside, the water was absorbed in vast fields and fields, alleviating the amount of rainfall and maintaining a constant flow. Even in cities, rainfall was once sucked into the ground, and the soil was decomposed by animals such as microorganisms and worms in the soil. Drinking water was obtained even in urban areas by digging wells, and springs emerged from everywhere.

[0004] Considering what is going on now, wastewater, which had been diluted by heavy rainfall, flows directly into a river surrounded by concrete and causes flooding with every heavy rain, while harmful chemicals and detergents Substances that are harmful to the human body, such as rainwater, are diluted and do not accumulate, so they are thickened without being diluted, and are secretly disposed of into the ground to change groundwater into undrinkable water.

[0005] In order to solve this problem, the water retention capacity of mountain forests, fields, and rivers is increased to increase the residence time, thereby increasing the chances of being subjected to purification by microorganisms, insects, worms, and fish. It is absolutely necessary to increase the time. British country life is a typical example of what these are well protected.

[0006] These facts suggest that the recent flood control philosophy with large amounts of concrete was incorrect.
Then, if we can solve the problem by loading the revetment with natural stones, the conventionally accepted revetment natural stone masonry method is that a temporary drainage channel is installed and construction work cannot be done unless the bottom of the revetment work dam is completely stopped. In addition, even if natural stone was used because it required a certain amount of time to cure (harden) the backfilled ready-mixed concrete, it was only used cosmetically on the surface,
In addition, masonry work can be performed only one step at a time, and each time requires a curing period.

[0007] Further, direct contact between the ground and the enforced portion is not allowed, and furthermore, a large amount of formwork wood has to be consumed for the ready-casting. This has resulted in the massive use of ready-mixed concrete, which not only consumes a great deal of energy for cement production, but also causes deforestation in neighboring countries and irreparable devastation of our river's natural ecosystem. It is said that the Shimanto River, the clearest stream in Japan, has recently become dangerous.

In order to solve these problems, it is first necessary not to use concrete for flood control of rivers. Conventional rivers have several times the amount of underground water that flows, and most rivers are still maintained by underwater. Along with this underground purification action, it is essential for water quality purification to breed aquatic plants, microorganisms, insects and birds on the riverside. At the same time, in the event of heavy rain, it is essential to penetrate the ground from both banks of the river and prolong the residence time to the estuary.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 53-54537 discloses an embankment using natural stone without using concrete. This involves drilling holes in natural stone collected for embankment, inserting appropriate reinforcing steel and fixing it with an adhesive, etc., stacking these natural stones in a vertical embankment form and retaining them in reinforcing steel, etc. buried in soil in the ground. It is a natural stone embankment supported to prevent collapse. However, in this mode, it is obvious that the backfill soil is washed away by the water flow passing between the natural stones, and it is obvious that the collapse will occur, and in order to prevent this, the backfilled ready-mixed concrete has conventionally been driven in. Then it is not a solution.

Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 56-752 discloses that a conventional retaining wall block is consolidated at each step of the block in order to masonry through joints only by a square surface on the front peripheral side.
Since the next stage had to be laid and the work of transporting and filling the ready-mixed concrete had to be performed intermittently, not only did the work efficiency decrease and the construction cost increased, but also the collapse of the block connection and individual dropout There was a danger of solving this. This forms a truncated conical section from the masonry square on the front side peripheral side toward the back side end face, embeds a female screw in the center of the end face for anchoring, and blocks this screw hole. Is a retaining wall masonry block screwed with a male screw shaft for pulling and fixing to a rear frame plate. This is a concrete embankment formed by concrete blocks. Even if backfilling of fresh concrete can be omitted, it is not a natural stone embankment, nor does it restore the natural ecosystem aimed at in the present application.

Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 56-16652 discloses connecting a steel hook connected to a concrete block (a block having a narrowed rear portion), providing a hooking ring on the hook, and blocking the hook and the ring. When piled up as a stone wall, they are interconnected to form a stone wall. This is also a concrete block with a close contact on the front side, and it does not utilize natural stones. Even if backfilling of fresh concrete can be omitted, it is neither a natural stone embankment nor a natural ecosystem intended for this application. It is not something to revive.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-264661 discloses a method in which a plurality of stones are arranged in a horizontal direction on a foundation on the ground, and a plurality of stones are sequentially stacked in the height direction on the stones. In the method of forming a masonry type retaining wall, one or more bolt insertion holes are drilled on the back side of the root stone and the stone, and an anchor bolt is inserted and fixed in the bolt insertion hole, and the adjacent root stone or pile is inserted. This is a masonry type retaining wall forming method for connecting stone anchor bolts with a connecting material. Also disclosed is a method of laying a support net on a slope rising almost vertically and engaging it with anchor bolts provided on a root stone and a stone to prevent the stone from falling down. However, although this also uses natural stone,
This is piled up in the shape of a dike near vertical to create a wall that replaces the concrete dike. Even if backfilling of fresh concrete can be omitted, it does not restore the natural ecosystem that is the object of the present application.

[0013]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to make it possible to restore a natural ecosystem (ecosystem) that existed in the past, as described above. It is possible to eliminate the use of ready-mixed concrete, and by applying the concept of the present invention, it is possible to create sabo and small-scale rock-feel dams. And it can contribute to the purification of rivers and make it possible to greatly shorten the construction period for embankment construction.

[0014]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The inventor of the present invention has stated that concrete wall embankments have destroyed natural ecosystems, eliminated the self-purifying function of rivers, and required a long construction period. Focusing on the cause of mass use of ready-mixed concrete and mass consumption of formwork timber for that purpose, pursuing elimination of these factors and restoring natural ecosystems that existed in the past while correcting past defects. The present invention has been reached.

According to the present invention, (1) the angle of the embankment of a river or a lake is set to 30 degrees or less, a vegetation mat that allows the roots of plants to pass through is provided on the slope of the embankment, and a wire mesh is stretched and fixed on the mat. A hole for anchor insertion is made in high specific gravity, high hardness and low water absorption stones including natural stone and slag solidified stone on the top, and a metal anchor such as stainless steel is inserted and fixed in this hole. Fixes a large number of stones connected with stainless steel bars, fills the gap between the stones, inserts a durable net made of metal or synthetic resin into the gap between the stones, and fixes the lower end to the wire mesh at the bottom This is a stone-walled revetment method that hangs down through the surface of the stone into the water and turns it into a net for breeding aquatic plants.

(2) The stone-clad net revetment method according to the above (1), wherein a vegetation soil bag whose soil is wrapped with a durable fiber cloth is combined between the stone groups and this is fixed to a lower wire mesh.

[0017]

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the present invention, natural walls, particularly SiO ₂ , MgO, are not provided on the embankment as in the past, and concrete walls are not provided, and concrete blocks are not used.
The main component is peridotite (Dnite, Harz, Bersite) with Fe ₂ O ₃ etc. added to it, which has undergone a cooling process which is very hard and convenient for masonry due to the action of mineral crystals and vitreous parts. Can be used effectively. Slag solidified fossils produced as steelmaking slag have the same components and can be used effectively with a specific gravity of 3.2 to 3.3.

In the present invention, the natural stones and the like are not vertically stacked and arranged in the height direction, and the angle of the dike of the river or lake is set to a gentle slope of 30 ° or less. The shape should be easy to approach the water surface. Then, a vegetation mat is laid all over the slope of the bank to prevent the soil from flowing down. As the vegetation mat, any material can be used as long as the root of the plant can penetrate the soil and reach the soil, sunlight and the like can reach the ground, and can prevent runoff of the soil due to rain and the like.
A nonwoven fabric such as a mat of polymer resin fibers such as polyester or a mat of rock wool can be preferably used, but a woven fabric may be used as long as it is not too tight. It is, of course, preferable to pass grass seeds through the soil.

In order to prevent the vegetation mat from peeling or flowing out, a wire mesh is stretched on the vegetation mat, and an inverted U-shaped steel bar or the like is molded into the ground to press the wire mesh. As the wire netting, a stainless wire net is of course preferable because it has a long life, but since it is expensive, a normal zinc-plated wire net may be used.

On this wire mesh, natural stones such as the aforementioned peridotite and granite, and high specific gravity, high hardness and low water absorption stones such as slag solidified stones produced as waste of steelmaking slag are placed.
Just placing and holding it down could be a slope and roll down. Therefore, drill holes for anchor insertion in these stones, insert metal anchors such as stainless steel into these holes, and fix them with an adhesive or drive them in. An anchor may be used. A stainless wire or a stainless steel round bar is welded to this metal anchor or wound so as not to come off firmly, and the other end is connected to a wire mesh. That is, by connecting the anchor to the wire mesh, the stone is kept from rolling down the slope of the embankment.

The space between the stones is filled with cobble stones, that is, pebbles or crushed stones, to prevent the stones from rolling down. In addition, a durable net made of metal or synthetic resin is inserted into the gap between the stones, and the lower end is fixed to the wire mesh at the bottom. A breeding net. The overgrowth of these plants helps to keep the stones still strong on the slopes.

A stone is filled between the stone groups to stabilize the stone. The soil is further filled into a durable fiber cloth bag made of nylon, polyester, or other synthetic resin, and the vegetation soil is filled with stone. By filling in the gaps and fixing it to the lower wire netting and attaching grass roots to it, the stones can be further stabilized and the slopes become more natural slopes, making it closer to ecologically closer to nature.

[0024]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional elevational view of the Ishibari net revetment of the present invention cut along a vertical plane perpendicular to the river flow. 1 is a vegetation mat, 2 is a wire mesh, 3 is a natural stone, 4 is an anchor, 5 is a joint fitting for connecting the anchor and the wire mesh. FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional elevation view of the lower surface of the natural stone. 2 is wire mesh (galvanized, φ4mm), 3 is natural stone (φ300 inside and outside), 4
Is a stone pulling anchor 1245 (φ12mm, L45), 5 is a joint fitting (stainless steel SUS304, φ2.6m)
m) FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional elevation view showing another embodiment in which natural stone is fixed to a wire mesh. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the stone-walled net revetment of the present invention viewed from above (the wire mesh is indicated by a dotted line). FIG. 5 is a sectional elevation view of FIG. FIG. 6 shows an example of an anchor having a disk-shaped connecting portion on the head. The disk is provided with a connection hole.

[0025]

Since the water and the ground are not cut off by the concrete, the influence of the construction on the natural ecosystem is minimized. River vegetation allows the inhabitation of microorganisms, insects, and fish, and the self-cleaning action on the river is performed. Drainage can be returned to underground water. Since concrete work is not required, water stoppage work and temporary drainage work can be omitted. A variety of natural scenery of river revetment can be regained. Heavy concrete revetments and backfill concrete are not required, and are not affected by the foundation support of the ground. Since fresh concrete is not used, winter construction is possible. A wide variety of natural stones are available. Since there is no need to attach concrete or formwork, large energy and labor savings can be achieved. Therefore, the construction period can be significantly reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional elevational view of a seawall of the present invention cut along a vertical plane perpendicular to the flow of a river.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional elevation view of a lower surface of a natural stone.

FIG. 3 is a sectional elevation view showing another embodiment in which natural stone is fixed to a wire mesh.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the stone-wall net revetment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional elevation view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an example of an anchor having a disk-shaped connection portion on a head, in which a disk is provided with a connection hole.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vegetation mat 2 Connection wire mesh 3 Natural stone 4 Anchor 5 Joint bracket 6 Reverse U-shaped deformed reinforcing bar 7 Cutting stone 8 Aquatic plant 9 Plant

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. The angle of a dike of a river or a lake shall be 30 degrees or less,
Place a vegetation mat on the slope of the embankment that allows the roots of the plant to pass through, fix a wire mesh on it, and anchor on this wire mesh a stone with high specific gravity, high hardness, and low water absorption, including natural stone and solidified slag. A hole for insertion is inserted, a metal anchor such as stainless steel is inserted and fixed in the hole, and a large number of stones in which the anchor and the metal net are connected by a stainless wire or a stainless steel bar are fixed, and gaps between the stones are filled with quarry stone. Insert a durable net made of metal or synthetic resin into the gap between the stones, fix the lower end to the wire mesh at the bottom, and hang down through the stone surface into the water, and use it as a net for waterweed propagation. Seawall construction method. 2. The seawall revetment method according to claim 1, wherein a vegetation sandbag in which the soil is wrapped with a durable fiber cloth is combined between the stone groups, and the vegetation sandbag is fixed to a lower wire mesh.