JPH07102037B2 - Soil for raising seedlings - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a soil used for raising seedlings of vegetables, flowers, etc. in a seedling raising pot made of paper or pulp fiber.

2. Description of the Related Art As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-22571, there was a soil containing peat moss, bark compost or humus and chemical fertilizer mixed with the original soil.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Conventionally, for raising seedlings of vegetable seedlings, seedlings were grown using a pot-like seedling box made of synthetic resin, and as a soil for raising seedlings, bark compost or humus was added to the original soil. I have tried to make seedling-raising parent material by mixing, and tried a seedling-raising test using a mixture of this seedling-raising parent material and chemical fertilizer. However, the conventional Japanese Examined Japanese Patent Sho 62
As seen in −22571, originally, when bark compost or mulch is mixed with chemical fertilizer, nitrogen components are excessively absorbed by the bark compost or mulch, resulting in excessive nitrogen, which does not germinate or die. The situation of becoming a seedling happened. Therefore, it was concluded that the seedling-raising parent material, which is a mixture of peat moss that sufficiently retains the nitrogen component and the raw soil, is suitable. However, recently, when growing vegetables and flower seedlings, seedling pots made of waste paper and pulp fiber have been used, and peat moss was mixed with the high-performance raw soil in the conventional seedling raising test. When seeding and raising seedlings were made by filling and filling seedlings with chemical fertilizer into seedlings, the pot itself absorbed nitrogen components and the seedlings could not grow.

Means for Solving Problems The present invention, in order to solve the above problems, in the nursery soil for use in nursery pots 5a made of waste paper or pulp fiber, the particle size obtained by burning the soil collected from the mountain Is about 6 mm or less, a ripe and crushed bark compost 2 obtained by rotting the bark of cedar, cypress, etc., and a slag 3 that enhances water permeability.
Nitrogen component 160-380 milligrams, phosphoric acid in 1 liter of the seedling-raising base material, which was mixed with approximately 5-6: 4-3: 1 by volume.
A culture medium for raising seedlings was prepared by mixing 480 to 1140 mg and Kali 220 to 530 mg.

According to the present invention, according to the present invention, the ripe bark compost retains the nitrogen component in the compost and at the same time absorbs the pot itself, and the fertilizer component retained in the bark compost is adsorbed on the waste paper or pulp fiber side of the pot equipment. Therefore, the nitrogen concentration in the soil does not become extremely high, and the fertilizer component, especially the nitrogen component, slowly begins to dissolve in the soil, and this is absorbed by the seedling roots to grow seedlings, enabling stable growth.

Example Raw soil 1 is obtained by burning and sterilizing ordinary mountain soil collected from a mountain, and then crushing it with a sieve to obtain small particles. Generally, the content of silt and the content of clay are 5 to 35%. It is a thing.

2 is bark compost, which is made by mixing fermenting agents with bark and wood to ferment and decompose them to complete ripening. Conventionally, hardwood was made of hardwood, but recently, softwoods such as cedar and cypress are used.
This coniferous bark compost has a bactericidal ability and is better than conventional ones, and in particular, the coniferous bark compost having a high bactericidal property is the best for cultivating soil for paper-made nursery pots.

The bark compost 2 is crushed and used in powder form.

The bark compost 2 of the example is based on the following criteria.

That is, the organic matter content rate (dry matter) is 70% or more, and the carbon rate (C / C
N) is 35 or less, cation exchange capacity (dry matter) (CEC) 70me / 1
00g or more, pH 5.5 to 7.5, water content 60 ± 5%, other than the above, do not cause growth inhibition in seedling test. In addition, the fertilizer component in the dry matter, total nitrogen content 1.2% or more, total phosphoric acid 0.5% or more,
It is more than 0.3% of all Kali.

No. 3 is a slag whose trade name is known as vermiculite, which is also crushed and used. This slag has a function of improving the flowability and water permeability of air and does not contain various bacteria.

Compound fertilizer 4 contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium. Nitrogen of this chemical fertilizer is preferably slow-release, and this slow-release fertilizer includes acetaldehyde-processed urea fertilizer called CDU nitrogen fertilizer on the market and coated compound fertilizer called LP nitrogen fertilizer. Or form nitrogen fertilizer or commercially available isobutyraldehyde-processed urea fertilizer is used as IB nitrogen, and IB nitrogen was used in this example.

And, the volume ratio of the above-mentioned raw soil: bark compost: slag,
5 to 6: 4 to 3: 1 were mixed in an approximately ratio, and 16% nitrogen was added to 1 liter of the mixed soil mentioned above, mainly the slow-release fertilizer.
A culture medium A for raising seedlings was prepared by mixing 0 to 380 mg, phosphoric acid 480 to 1140 mg, and potassium 220 to 530 mg.

The soil thus produced is adjusted to have a PH of 5.8 to 6.5, an electric conductivity (EC) of 0.5 to 0.9, an apparent specific gravity of 0.8 to 0.85, and a water content of 20 to 30%. Also, the total particle size is preferably 6 mm or less.

A case of raising seedlings with the thus-prepared seedling cultivation soil A will be described in detail.

First of all, I will explain the material for raising seedlings.
It is made of waste paper or pulp fiber, and its shape is a rectangle as a whole, with a germination hole 6 formed in the center of the bottom of a seedling raising pot 5a, the upper surface of which is integrally connected and the bottom side of which is independent. In addition, the size of the independent pot 5a has an inner dimension of 2.3 cm on one side of the mouth width, 1.6 cm on one side of the bottom width, and 3.1 cm in height.
The volume is 12 mml, and the pots 5a have a rectangular shape in which 10 pots are arranged in a row in the vertical direction and 10 pots in a row in the horizontal direction.

Incidentally, the seedling raising device 5 which is currently under study is a solution in which used paper or pulp fibers are dissolved in a solution and the solution is prepared by straining with a trapezoidal form of wire mesh by the method described in JP-B-63-55894. It is manufactured by mixing natural polymers. The natural polymer is composed of a natural polysaccharide, and is produced by, for example, decomposing and extracting corn stouch of corn with a microorganism, and has a property of being sufficiently decomposed by a microorganism in soil. Research on this natural polymer was conducted in 1988, 9
It was announced on the third page of Nikkei Sangyo Shimbun on March 7. Then, in the production of the seedling raising device 5, the natural polymer is adjusted to 10 to 20%, 21 to 30%, 31 to 40% depending on the decomposition period,
You can freely choose concentrations up to 100%, such as 41-50%.

Then, the seedling raising device 5 obtained by adding the natural polymer to the dissolution liquid and increasing the strength of the seedling raising device 5 at the time when it is not decomposed in the initial stage is decomposed by microorganisms very quickly in the soil and is extremely effective for raising seedlings. is there.

7 is a nursery box, and the height, width, and height are 30 cm, 60 cm, and 3.5 cm, respectively.
The box is made of resin and has a large number of holes 8 in its bottom. Further, two seedling raising devices 5 can be inserted into the seedling raising box 7 in a state of being joined to each other.

Reference numeral 9 is a placing box used for floor packing, and a protrusion 10 forming a sowing hole a to be fitted into the germination hole 6 of the pot 5a is provided on the bottom surface of a rectangular container which can be fitted into the seedling raising box 7. ing.

Next, the seedling raising direction will be described. Two seedling raising devices 5 are inserted into the placing box 9, and the projections 10 are fitted into the germination holes 6 as shown in FIG. Next, cultivate the soil A as shown in FIG. 9, cover the seedling raising box 7 from above as shown in FIG. 10, and then turn it upside down to make it as shown in FIG. 11 and remove the placing box 9 on the upper side. Change to the state shown in FIG. And the seeding hole a thus formed
Seeds 11 coated with lettuce, Chinese cabbage, etc. are sown in the state shown in FIG. 13, and then covered with soil A as shown in FIG. At this time, the soil A accumulated on the top of the pot 5a is swept between the pots to obtain the state shown in FIG. Note that the soil A between the pots is also called a joint soil. After the seeding work is completed in this way, the seedlings will grow as shown in Fig. 16 if they are sprouted and germinated in a nursery room kept at 20 to 25 degrees, and then seedlings are managed in the greenhouse or in the open field.

As a result of actually raising seedlings of Chinese cabbage and lettuce, the results shown in Table 1 below were obtained as compared with the soil for raising seedlings so far. The types of cultivation soil are as follows.

Paddy soil A is the standard of the present invention. Original soil: bark compost:
The volume ratio of slag (vermiculite) was mixed at 5.5: 3.5: 1, and 270 mg of nitrogen and 8 parts of phosphoric acid were added to 1 liter of this mixed seedling base material.
It is a mixture of 10 mg and Kari 375 mg.

We selected the following four types of soil for comparison.

Soil B is a conventional soil, of the test soil disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-22571, the mixing ratio of the original soil and the bark compost is 250 mg of nitrogen in 1 liter of the nursery base material of 7: 3, phosphoric acid
It is a mixture of 250 mg and Kari 250 mg.

The cultivation soil C is the same as the conventional cultivation soil disclosed in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 62-22571, in which the mixing ratio of the raw soil and the bark compost is 250 mg of nitrogen and 30% of phosphoric acid in 1 liter of the seedling parent material of 5: 5.
It is a mixture of 0 mg and Kari 230 mg.

And the slag (vermiculite) is used as the soil for B and C.
Was used as a conventional seedling cultivation soil without mixing.

Next, in order to clarify whether or not the mixing degree of the seedling raising parent material and fertilizer of the soil A of the present invention is the best, the following soil D,
E was built and tested for comparison.

Paddy soil D was prepared by mixing the volume ratio of raw soil: bark compost: slag (vermiculite) to 7: 2: 1, and mixing 1 liter of this mixed seedling parent material with 400 mg of nitrogen, 1200 mg of phosphoric acid, and 550 mg of potassium. .

Paddy soil E was prepared by mixing the volume ratio of original soil: bark compost: slag (vermiculite) to 4: 5: 1, and mixing 1 liter of this mixed seedling parent material with 150 mg of nitrogen, 450 mg of phosphoric acid and 200 mg of potassium. .

As a result of raising Chinese cabbage and lettuce using the above 5 types of soils A to E according to the method described above, the growth results shown in the following table were obtained.
The seedling raising place is a vinyl house constructed in a field in Matsuyama City, Ehime Prefecture, and the seedling raising period is from October 4, 1988 to November 4, 1988.
It was a day, and the test was conducted under the condition that the temperature was kept around 20 degrees.

The seeding date was October 4, 1988, and Chinese cabbage was sowed after seeding.
25th growth test, lettuce is the 30th growth test result after sowing.

As a result, the soil was excellent in growth compared to other soils, and it was the best without mold.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a raw soil in a container, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing bark compost in the container, and FIG. Slope view showing slag (vermiculite), Fig. 4 chemical fertilizer in bag, Fig. 5 slope view of nursery box, Fig. 6 slope view of nursery box, Fig. 7 slope view of placing box, 8 to 15 are cross-sectional views of the main part showing the sowing process, and FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the growing state. In the figure, symbol 1 is raw soil, 2 is bark compost, 3 is slag, 4 is chemical fertilizer,
5 is a seedling raising device and 5a is a pot.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A seedling-raising soil for use in a seedling-raising pot 5a made of waste paper or pulp fiber, which is obtained by firing soil collected from a mountain and having a grain size of about 6 mm or less, and cedar, cypress, etc. Ripe and crushed bark compost 2 obtained by rotting the bark of
Nitrogen component 160 in 1 liter of the nursery base material mixed with the slag 3 which enhances water permeability in a volume ratio of approximately 5 to 6: 4 to 3: 1.
~ 380 mg, phosphoric acid 480 ~ 1140 mg, Kali 220
A culture medium for raising seedlings that is mixed with ~ 530 mg.