JPH0698527B2 - Turret tool table indexing control device and its operating method - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a turret tool rest for a machine tool. More specifically, it is an object of the present invention to provide a turret tool table indexing control device for indexing a turret tool table at high speed and a method of operating the same.

[Prior Art] When using a plurality of tools for machining a machine tool, a turret tool base is used, and by sequentially turning and indexing, various machining operations can be performed efficiently without changing the tools one by one. ing. For example, in the case of a turret tool stand of a lathe, front cutting, filing, boring, and thread cutting work are efficiently performed by sequentially indexing the tools. Hexagons, flats, drums, etc. are known when classified by the type of tool rest. If the indexing speed of the turret tool base is slow, the actual cutting time will be shortened and the cutting efficiency will be poor.

As the indexing and positioning mechanism of the turret tool base, a curvic coupling mechanism, a method of inserting and positioning a knock pin, and the like are known. Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-95804 discloses a machine tool or the like for intermittently rotating a plurality of cam followers radially mounted on the peripheral surface of a shaft with a globoidal cam having an hourglass shape as an intermittent indexing device. A blade indexing machine is described.

On the other hand, machine tools such as lathes have design problems.
It is especially covered by cutting for reasons such as prevention of scattering of cutting oil and safety. The operator opens the door of this cover to replace the work piece or the tool on the turret tool rest.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The indexing positioning of the conventional turret tool base described above is
Two operations, an indexing operation for rotating and a clamping operation, are required. After the turret tool base is rotated and indexed to a desired position, the turret tool base is fixed by a means such as hydraulic pressure in the next operation so as not to move. Therefore, there has been a limit to shortening the rotation indexing time of the turret tool base, including the above-mentioned two operations.

In the blade indexing machine such as Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-95804, the indexing angle cannot be accurate unless both the cam shaft and the cam follower shaft are relatively accurately positioned. In order to make this indexing angle accurate, the control device becomes complicated. Further, since positioning accuracy is required, there is also a problem that the indexing speed cannot be increased. Further, if the indexing speed of the turret tool base is increased, the operator is at risk when opening the door of the machine cover to perform work such as setup.
An object of the present invention is to provide an indexing control device and an operating method thereof in which the opening / closing operation of a cover door covering a machine tool and the indexing operation of a turret tool base are electrically linked.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an indexing control device for a turret tool base of a machine tool, which is optimum for an indexing mechanism that can use a necessary turret surface without performing a clamping operation simply by indexing.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an indexing mechanism for a turret tool base of a machine tool that can be optimally controlled so that high-speed indexing can be performed.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention adopts the following means in order to solve the problems.

A first means includes a turret having a plurality of indexing surfaces, an indexing motor that rotationally drives the turret for indexing, a turret control device that controls the rotation of the indexing motor, and the turret and the like. In a machine tool having an opening / closing door for a cover, a detecting means for detecting the opening / closing of the opening / closing door, and a rotation speed of the indexing motor during normal machining in response to a detection signal from the detecting means. A turret tool table indexing control device and an operating method thereof, characterized in that the turret control device has a commanding means for instructing further lowering.

A second means includes a turret provided with a plurality of indexing surfaces, an indexing motor that rotationally drives the turret for indexing, a turret control device that controls the rotation of the indexing motor, and the turret and the like. In a machine tool having an opening / closing door of a cover, a method of operating a turret tool rest, which controls the speed of the indexing motor in conjunction with opening / closing of the opening / closing door.

The greatest feature of the present invention is that the opening / closing door that covers the turret tool base and the turret control device are electrically linked to control the indexing operation of the turret tool base.

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. What is shown in FIG. 1 is a partial cross section of the turret tool base 1. The turret body 2 has a box shape, has an internal space, and is made of a casting material. The turret body 2 is mounted on a carriage (not shown), and is machined by a tool provided on the turret 7 by the movement of the carriage during cutting. Both ends of the turret body 2 are rotatably supported by bearings 4 and 4 that bear a load in the thrust direction.

A flange surface 6 is provided at one end of the turret shaft 3.
An output shaft 5 is provided on the flange surface 6, and a turret 7 is fixed in close contact with the output shaft 5 and the flange surface 6. The turret shaft 3 between the bearings 4 and 4 is provided with a plurality of cam followers 8 whose central axis is oriented in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the turret shaft 3. The cam follower 8 is rotatably provided on the cam follower shaft 9 via a bearing or the like.
The cam follower shaft 9 is fixed to the turret shaft 3. A plurality of cam follower shafts 9 and cam followers 8 are provided on the outer periphery of the turret shaft 3 at equal intervals.

On the other hand, on the outer periphery of the roller gear cam 20, a projection 21 having a spiral shape and a trapezoidal cross section is formed (FIG. 2). The cam follower 8 is engaged with the protrusion 21. Roller gear cam
20 rotates about axis 29. The diagram shown in FIG.
The figure which expanded the roller gear cam 20 is shown. The turret shaft 3 is rotated by sandwiching the protrusion 21 with a cam follower 8. The protrusion 21 includes an inclined portion 31, a straight portion 30, and a steep inclined portion 32. The inclined portion 31 and the steep inclined portion 32 are the axis 29 of the roller gear cam 20.
Along with a certain pitch has a spiral shape,
The pitch is not constant.

The straight portion 30 is a portion having no pitch angle only between the figures of the dimension a, and has an advantage that even if the angular positioning accuracy of the roller gear cam 20 is somewhat poor, it does not affect the stop position of the turret shaft 3. This part is used for indexing and positioning the turret shaft 3. For this reason, the rotation speed of the roller gear cam 20 can be maximized for the performance of the indexing motor 26.
A timing pulley 23 having teeth with a constant pitch formed on the outer periphery is fixed to the shaft 22. A toothed belt 25 is engaged with the timing pulley 23. The other timing pulley 24 is engaged with the other of the toothed belt 25. The timing pulley 24 is directly connected to and driven by the indexing motor 26.

FIG. 4 (a) is a functional block diagram of the tool turret tool post 1. The NC control device 40 is a known numerical device. When the T code command, which is an index command for the turret tool base 1, is issued from the NC control device 40, the controller 41
Be transmitted to. When this command is issued, the controller 41 commands the turret control device 42 to send forward / reverse rotation commands, start commands, and the like. The tool post control device 42 outputs electric power to the indexing motor 26 to rotate the indexing motor 26.

The rotation of the indexing motor 26 is transmitted to the turret shaft 3 to index the turret 7. Dog on roller gear cam 20
45 and 46 are provided (Fig. 5). The dog 45 is provided to issue a stop command to the indexing motor 26. dock
46 is for confirming whether or not the turret 7 of the turret tool post 1 is at a predetermined indexing position. Therefore, a stop command LS43 and a stop confirmation LS44 are provided in the turret body 2 so as to operate corresponding to the dogs 45 and 46 and the indexing surface of the turret 7.

The stop command LS43 is provided so that the indexing surface is located at the indexing position. When the stop command LS43 is activated, a signal is sent to the controller 41 (). In response to this signal, the controller 41 sends a command signal of the signal to the tool post control device 42. The stop confirmation LS44 is provided at a position where the angular position where the turret 7 is indexed at a predetermined angle can be confirmed. When the stop confirmation LS44 is activated, a signal is sent to the controller 41. In response to this signal, the controller 41 counts the up / down counter and knows the current surface position of the turret.

Also, check whether there is an index error when indexing is stopped. When the door is not confirmed to be closed, which will be described later, the signal is ignored and the signal command is also controlled by the signal of the stop confirmation LS44. The stop command LS43 and stop confirmation LS44 are for the roller gear cam 20.
Since the dogs 45 and 46 are provided on the to detect the angular position, since the rotation range is wide, positioning can be performed with a little roughness.

The turret index switch 47 is used when the controller 41 is in the manual mode.
Pressing 47 sends a signal to the controller 41. In response to this signal, the controller 41 sends a signal to rotate the indexing motor 26. The door closing confirmation LS48 is
The open / closed state of 52 is detected. Controller 41
When the controller 41 is in manual mode,
Upon receiving the signal of 48, a signal is sent as described later to decelerate or control the rotation of the indexing motor 26 at a steady speed.

FIG. 4B is a functional block diagram showing an outline of the controller 41. When a T code command is issued from the NC control device 40, this command is processed by a calculation processing circuit 50, and a forward / reverse determination is made by a forward / reverse determination circuit 51 in order to make a short cut determination of the turret surface. . The indexing condition determination circuit 52 determines whether or not a mechanical condition that hinders rotation, such as whether the sensor device or the like cannot come out of the turret, is good. If this is YES, the indexing start circuit 53 operates and gives a command to the motor rotation command circuit 54.

In response to this command, the motor rotation command circuit 54 sends a command for forward and reverse rotation to the tool rest controller 42. On the other hand, the door closing confirmation LS
48 confirms the opening / closing of the door and transmits it to the low speed / high speed judging circuit 55. The low speed / high speed judgment circuit 55 judges whether the turret tool post indexing motor 26 is low speed or high speed. Further, the low speed / high speed judgment circuit 55 is supplied with a signal for judging whether it is manual or automatic from the NC controller.

When the door is open in the manual mode, the indexing motor 26 is decelerated as will be described later. The signal of the stop confirmation LS44 is transmitted to the current position counter 57 and is counted for determining which turret surface. The stop control circuit 56 receives these signals and controls the stop of the indexing motor 26. When the T code command operation is completed, the stop control circuit 56 sends an operation completion signal to the NC control device 40.

What is shown in FIG. 6 is a front view of the NC lathe 60. The machine body cover 61 covers the entire NC lathe 60 and is made of a sheet metal material. The illustrated left side of the machine body cover 61 mainly covers the main shaft portion in this example. The right side of the machine body cover 61 shown in the figure is a portion mainly covering the turret tool post. A door 62 is provided at a substantially central portion of the machine body cover 61 so as to be openable and closable. The door 62 can be moved to the left and right in FIG. 6, and the operator moves the door 62 to the left and opens it when it is necessary to attach or detach a workpiece. The door 62 is normally closed when the machine tool is in operation.

Wheels 63 are rotatably attached to the lower end of the door 62. The wheels 63 are rails provided on the inner surface of the bottom of the body cover 61.
Roll over 64. On the upper portion of the door 62, a rectangular window 65 is provided by a known fixing means such as rubber packing. window
65 is made of transparent synthetic resin and is made of a material that can withstand the collision of heated chips. Further, a handle 66 is fixed to one end of the door 62, and an operator grasps and moves the door 62 when opening and closing the door 62. The door 62 is provided with a door closing confirmation LS 48 at an appropriate position of the door 62, and detects opening / closing of the door 62.

An operation panel 70 of the NC control device 40 is fixed to the body cover 61 on the upper right side of the front of the body cover 61.

Operation Flow of Turret Tool Table The time chart shown in FIG.
6 is a time chart showing the operation of a roller gear cam 20 and a stop command LS43. Since the indexing motor 26 and the roller gear cam 20 are directly connected by the toothed belt 25, they operate simultaneously. tM is the time when the indexing motor 26 is powered off. tB is the stop time of the roller gear cam after the power of the indexing motor 26 is cut off. The roller gear cam 20 does not stop immediately. This is because there is a delay determined by the time constant such as the inertia of the rotor of the motor and the inertia of the roller gear cam 20. The tA point, which is the starting point for outputting the stop command signal, is
This is the end point of the stop command LS43.

| tM−tA | is the time due to the processing delay until the start command of the indexing motor 26 is cut off after receiving the stop command. | tB−tM |
Is the time (time constant) until the indexing motor 26 stops. Point A in Fig. 5 gives a stop command and passes LS43 | t
After B-tA |, the roller gear cam 20 stops at the point tB. This stopping point will be explained with reference to FIG.
This is the point of contact with 30. The design is performed so that the indexing motor 26 operates at the maximum speed in consideration of the time constant.

Indexing Operation of Turret Tool Table 1 The flow charts shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 show the operation of the turret tool table 1. Start with step P ₂ . Whether it is determined automatically cycle or in step P _2. NC controller in step P ₃
From 40, it is judged whether or not a T code command, that is, an index command for the turret tool base 1 is issued. The case of the automatic cycle will be described below. When the process moves from step P ₂ to step P ₃ , it is determined whether or not a T code command, that is, an index command for the turret tool base 1 has been issued from the NC control device 40. If NO, end.

However, in the actual meaning of this end, the sequence repeats and returns to the starting step P ₁ . If YES in step P ₃ , the process moves to step P ₄ , and if the current value, that is, the commanded surface and the currently indexed surface, match, the T function complete signal (step P ₂₃ ) is sent and the processing ends. To do. If NO in step P ₄ , the process proceeds to step P ₅ to determine whether the rotation condition is satisfied. Here issued a turret indexing failure of the alarm of NO if step P ₁₇ machine is stopped. (Step P ₁₈ ).

If YES in step P ₅ , the process proceeds to step P ₆ , and a shortcut is determined to determine whether or not the command is a forward rotation command.
Commanding the reverse rotation of the motor proceeds to P _11. Next, stop confirmation LS proceeds to step P ₁₂ is ON, i.e. the turret is determined whether or not indexed to a predetermined position in a predetermined position.
If YES, the performing surface number counted in step P _13. Step P ₁₄ in proceeds surface coincide, i.e. find whether indexing surface which is commanded of the turret tool post 1. Executed in step P ₁₄ until finding the surface match with the same function returns to NO if the step P ₁₁ again.

If YES in step P ₆ , the process proceeds to step P ₇ , the motor rotates in the forward direction, and the process proceeds to step P ₈ where the stop confirmation LS operates and NO
Then, the indexing motor 26 continues to rotate in the normal direction. Step
Find proceeds surface matching step P ₁₀ performs the process proceeds surface number counted if YES step P ₉ at P _8. If NO in step P _10, it performed until finding the surface match with the similar function returns to the step P ₇ again. Step P _10, when finding a face matching in the step P _14, ON or O stop command LS43 proceeds to step P ₁₅
FF judges.

Stop command LS motor stops at the turret stop command in step P ₂₀ if turned OFF. Stop confirmation in the next step P ₂₁ LS4
It is determined whether 4 is ON or OFF. If it is OFF, that is, if it is indexed to the predetermined position, the process proceeds to the next step P ₂₂ . Step P
Machine advances to NO if the step P ₁₇ in ₂₁ stops directly out an alarm. Proceeds to step P ₂₃ judges whether the automatic operation or not proceed to YES if the step P _22, exits with a T function completion outgoing signal. Terminated because it is NO if manual operation in step P _22.

If in control operation step P ₁₆ when you open the door cover of the door closed OK, if it is door 6
Turret index switch ON 2 is in the step P ₃₀ if closed, to determine means OFF. Indexing motor 26 if YES, the command of the motor forward rotation is out from the controller 41 (step P _30). Then it sends the stop confirmation LS44 is activated (steps P ₃₂₎ signal to the controller 41.

If the door 62 is open, indexing motor 26 in step P ₃₄ when the flow diagram of F (see FIG. 9) is decelerated (Step P _34). Turret index switch 47
Taking the start button (step P _35), indexing motor ₂₆ starts forward rotation (step P _36). Next, OFF stop confirmation LS44, determines ON (step P _37), the number of surfaces from a normal rotation in step P ₃₈ if the ON, + 1 counts. Time turret index switch 47 is turned ON during this step P ₃₆ to P ₃₈ repeats this operation.

In other words, this operation is the time during which the operator is indexing the desired turret surface due to the necessity of setup of the turret tool base 1. During this time, it will have been reduced communication with the command of the step P ₃₄ than the normal indexing operations during processing.

When stopping the operation of pressing the turret index switch 47, stop confirmation LS proceeds to step P ₃₉ determines ON or OFF. It is determined that if YES is indexing the turret surface in a predetermined plane, immediately a stop command to the indexing motor 26 (step P ₄₀₎ ends.

[Other Embodiments] The indexing mechanism described above uses a roller gear cam and a cam follower, but is not limited to this.
As described above, another similar cam mechanism may be used as long as it does not cause play between the cam followers. Door 62 mentioned above
Although the door closing confirmation LS48 is used to confirm the opening / closing of the above, other known detecting means such as a photoelectric tube, a magnetic type, or an ultrasonic type may be used for this detection.

[Advantages of the Invention] As described above in detail, the present invention does not have a clamp mechanism or a speed change mechanism, so that extremely high-speed indexing is possible with a relatively simple structure. Further, since the indexing speed of the turret tool post is reduced in conjunction with the door, the operator can carry out the setup work with peace of mind, resulting in an improvement in work efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a partial sectional view of a turret tool base of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of a roller gear cam and a cam follower portion, FIG. 3 is a development view of a roller gear cam, and FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are control blocks. 5 and 5 are detection mechanisms for detecting the angle of the roller gear cam, FIG. 6 is a front view showing the cover of the NC lathe, FIG. 7 is a time chart, and FIGS. 8 and 9 are flowcharts showing the operation of the turret tool base. is there. 1 …… Turret tool base, 3 …… Turret shaft, 8 …… Cam follower, 20 …… Roller gear cam, 26 …… Indexing motor, 30
...... Straight section, 40 …… NC control unit, 41 …… Controller, 43
...... Stop command LS, 44 …… Stop confirmation LS, 47 …… Turret index switch, 48 …… Door close confirmation LS

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A turret having a plurality of indexing surfaces, an indexing motor for rotating and driving the turret, a turret controller for controlling the rotation of the indexing motor, and the turret and the like. In a machine tool having a cover opening / closing door, a detection means for detecting opening / closing of the opening / closing door,
The turret controller has command means for receiving a detection signal from the detection means and instructing the rotation of the indexing motor to be lower than the indexing speed during normal machining. Index control device. 2. A turret having a plurality of indexing surfaces, an indexing motor for rotating and driving the turret, a turret controller for controlling the rotation of the indexing motor, and the turret and the like. In a machine tool having a cover opening / closing door, a method of operating a turret tool base, which controls the speed of the indexing motor in conjunction with opening / closing of the opening / closing door.