JPH0698431B2 - Molding equipment - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a molding apparatus used for closed forging or the like.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, by inserting a punch into at least one die of a pair of dies arranged to face each other, a closing molding method for deforming the material by giving relative movement to the punch and the die,
Alternatively, a processing method of punching a material is often used for the purpose of reducing the number of molding steps, molding a product having a complicated shape, punching without giving distortion to the overall shape, and improving the material yield.

For example, when a molded product 11 as shown in FIG. 9 (a) is processed from a material 13 as shown in FIG. 9 (b), if normal upsetting is applied, several steps are required. But
As shown in FIG. 10, the material 13 is constrained by the upper and lower dies 17 and 19, and the punching 21 is moved in the arrow A direction.

In this case, a force for maintaining the upper and lower dies 17, 19 in contact with each other, that is, a closing force is required.

FIG. 11 shows a molding apparatus for carrying out the processing method of FIG. 10, and in the figure, reference numerals 17 and 19 denote an upper die and a lower die, which are vertically opposed to each other.

The upper die 17 is supported by an upper holder 25 fixed to the upper die set plate 23, and an upper punch 27 is inserted in the upper die 17, and the upper punch 27 has a knockout pin 29. The bottom surface is in contact.

On the other hand, the lower die 19 is supported by the ring member 33 via the ring 31, and the lower die 19 and the ring member 33 have
Lower punch 35 is inserted.

In the ring member 33, the columnar portion 41 of the plate 39 whose lower surface abuts the lower die set plate 37 is inserted.

A lower holder 43 that guides the ring member 33 in a vertically movable manner is arranged outside the ring member 33, and a cylinder chamber 45 is formed by the lower holder 43, the lower surface of the ring member 33, and the plate 39. ing.

A through hole 46 communicating with the cylinder chamber 45 is formed in the lower holder 43, and a pipe 48 connected to a hydraulic oil supply device 47 is connected to the through hole 46. In this pipe 48,
A check valve 49 and a hydraulic pump 50 are arranged, and
A relief valve 51 is arranged downstream of the check valve 49.

In the molding apparatus configured as described above, when the slide not shown moves downward from the state shown on the left side of FIG. 11,
As shown on the right side of FIG. 11, the upper die 17, the lower die 19 and the ring member 33 move downward, but the lower punch 35 is fixed relative to the lower die 19 because the lower punch 35 is fixed. , The material 13 is closed and molded, and the molded product 11
Can be obtained.

Then, in this molding apparatus, hydraulic oil is supplied to the cylinder chamber 45 to urge the ring member 33 upward, and at the same time, hydraulic oil surplus due to the downward movement of the ring member 33 is externally discharged by the relief valve 51. The discharge force is applied to the upper die 17 and the lower die 19 to provide a closing force.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, such a conventional molding apparatus has a problem that an unnecessarily large closing force is needed to close the upper die 17 and the lower die 19 and the required work amount of the press increases, that is, for example, , A molded product as shown in FIG. 9 (a)
In order to form 11, as shown in FIG. 12, the load of the lower punch 35 is maximized at the bottom dead center, and the necessary closing force corresponding to this is also maximized at the bottom dead center. It is necessary to set the closing force based on, but the load P _F of the lower punch 35 changes as shown by the dotted line in the figure with respect to the displacement of the slide, so until the bottom dead center of the slide,
This means that an unnecessarily large blocking force is applied, and the stroke of the ring member 33 is required only for the stroke S ₁ as shown in FIG. 11, and as a result, as shown in FIG. The amount of work required to correspond to the shaded area is required.

As a result, a press having a large torque capacity is required, and the energy required for molding is increased.

In addition, since the contact between the upper and lower dies 17, 19 also starts at a position considerably higher than the bottom dead center, in the case of automatic production, the accessibility of automated parts is poor and a long slide stroke press is required. .

In addition, as a device similar to the above-mentioned molding device,
A forming device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-21498 is known, but this forming device is a device fixed to a mechanical press, and since each hydraulic supply device is arranged outside the forging device. However, there is a problem that the mold replacement and maintenance are complicated and the compatibility with various molded products is low.

The present invention solves the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a molding apparatus capable of preventing excessive application of a closing force and significantly reducing the slide stroke required for molding as compared with the conventional apparatus. .

[Means for Solving the Problems]

A molding apparatus according to the present invention includes a pair of dies arranged to face each other, a punch inserted into at least one of the dies, a die plate supporting the die into which the punch is inserted, and the die plate. A holder arranged on the side opposite to the die side, a piston member arranged at the center of the holder for supporting the punch, and a plurality of holders arranged independently of the piston member for supporting the die plate. It is provided with a split piston member, and a communication passage that connects the cylinder chamber in which the piston member is housed and the cylinder chamber in which the split piston member is housed.

[Action]

In the molding apparatus of the present invention, for example, when the slide moves downward, the upper die, the lower die, and the die plate move downward, and the downward movement of the die plate causes the hydraulic pressure in the cylinder chamber that houses the split piston member. The hydraulic oil is pushed out into the cylinder chamber in which the piston member is arranged, whereby the piston member moves upward and the lower punch moves upward.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be described with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the molding apparatus of the present invention.
The left side of the figure shows the state before forming the material 13, and the right side shows the state after forming.

In the figure, reference numerals 53 and 55 indicate an upper die and a lower die which are arranged to face each other in the vertical direction.

The upper die 53 is supported by an upper holder 59 fixed to an upper die set plate 57, and an upper punch 61 is inserted in the upper die 53. The upper punch 61 has a knockout pin 63 The bottom surface is in contact.

On the other hand, the lower die 55 is a die plate through the ring 65.
Supported by 67, lower die 55 and die plate
A lower punch 69 is inserted in 67.

A guide 70 that guides the die plate 67 in a vertically movable manner is arranged outside the die plate 67, and a lower end of the guide 70 is fixed to an upper surface of a holder 71.

The lower surface of the holder 71 is fixed to the lower die set plate 73.

Thus, in this embodiment, the piston member 75 that supports the lower punch 69 is arranged at the center of the holder 71.

A plurality of split piston members 76 supporting the die plate 67 are arranged outside the piston member 75 of the holder 71.

These split piston members 76 are composed of a pin 77 and a piston 78. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the holder 71 is arranged on the same circumference at a predetermined angle.
Is housed in a cylinder chamber 79 integrally formed with the.

In this embodiment, 12 cylinder chambers 79 are formed,
The pistons 78 are housed in the respective cylinder chambers 79, but only eight pins 77 are arranged as shown by the hatched lines in FIG.

The cylinder chamber 81 in which the piston member 75 is housed and the cylinder chamber 79 in which the split piston member 76 is housed are connected by a communication passage 82.

A spring 182 that biases the piston member 75 downward is disposed between the upper surface of the piston member 75 and the lower surface of the die plate 67.

In the piston member 75, the columnar portion 85 of the plate 83 that abuts the lower surface of the lower die set plate 73 is inserted.

A cylinder chamber 81 is formed by the piston member 75, the holder 71 and the plate 83.

A through hole 87 communicating with the cylinder chamber 79 is formed in the holder 71, and a pipe 90 connected to a hydraulic oil supply device 89 is connected to the through hole 87. A check valve 91 and a hydraulic pump 92 are arranged in the pipe 90, and a relief valve 93 is arranged downstream of the check valve 91.

In the figure, the symbol O indicates an oil seal, and in this embodiment, the area of the lower surface of the cylinder chamber 81 in which the piston member 75 is housed and the divided piston member are
The total area of the lower surfaces of the eight cylinder chambers 79 accommodating 76 is the same area S.

In the molding apparatus configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 3, the slide moves downward and the upper die set plate 57 moves when the cylinder chamber 79 and the cylinder chamber 81 are filled with hydraulic fluid. When moving downward, upper die 53, lower die 5
5 and the die plate 67 move downward, and by the downward movement of the die plate 67, the hydraulic fluid in the cylinder chamber 79 is pushed out by the split piston member 76 to the cylinder chamber 81 on the piston member 75 side, and The piston member 76 moves upward, and the lower punch 69 moves upward.

Here, in this embodiment, the spring 182 and the hydraulic pump 9
2, the relief valve 93 and the like are shown, but these constituent elements are not essential constituent elements of the present invention. That is, the amount of hydraulic oil that operates over the cylinder chambers 79 and 81 may be a specified amount. Spring 182, hydraulic pump 92,
The device according to the present invention can be operated without the relief valve 93. In this case, when the material 13 is put into the lower die 55, the specified amount of hydraulic oil exists in the cylinder chambers 79 and 81, and the piston 78 and the piston member 75 may be in a state different from that in FIG. However, the material 13 can be loaded even when the piston member 75 is raised. Next, when the upper die 53, the upper punch 61, etc. are lowered, the material 13 becomes the upper punch 61.
Then, the punch member 75 is also pushed down by the material 13 via the lower punch 69 and is lowered. Following this series of movements, or from the latter half of this series of movements, the piston
78 is pushed down by the upper die 53 via the pin 77, the die plate 67, and the lower die 55 to descend. When the piston 78 descends, the hydraulic oil in the cylinder chamber 79 is sent to the cylinder chamber 81, the piston member 75 rises, and as a result, the lower punch 69 rises and molding is performed.

Thus, in the molding apparatus configured as described above, the molding apparatus includes a pair of upper and lower dies 53, 55 arranged to face each other, a lower punch 69 inserted into the lower die 55, and the lower punch 69 inserted therein. Die plate 67 that supports the lower die 55,
A holder 71 arranged on the side opposite to the lower die 55 side of the die plate 67, a piston member 75 arranged at the center of the holder 71 to support the lower punch 69, and arranged outside the piston member 75 of the holder 71. Since it is composed of a plurality of divided piston members 76 supporting the die plate 67, a communication passage 82 that connects the cylinder chamber 81 in which the piston member 75 is housed and the cylinder chamber 79 in which the divided piston member 76 is housed, As the lower die 55 moves downward, the lower punch 69 moves upward, and the closing force is generated corresponding to the load of the lower punch 69.Therefore, the closing force is not excessively generated, and the slide stroke required for molding is also generated. It is possible to reduce the number compared to the conventional one.

That is, in the molding apparatus configured as described above, the area of the lower surface of the cylinder chamber 81 in which the piston member 75 is housed,
Since the total area of the lower surface of the cylinder chamber 79 accommodating the individual split piston members 76 is set to the same area S, the die plate
When the 67 and the split piston member 76 move downward by the distance S ₂ , the piston member 75 moves upward by the same distance S ₂ and therefore, in order to manufacture the molded product 11 as shown in FIG. 9 (a). As shown in FIG. 4, the required stroke of the slide is half that of the conventional stroke, and the slide stroke can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional stroke.

Then, in the molding apparatus configured as described above, the area of the lower surface of the cylinder chamber 81 in which the piston member 75 is housed is the same as the total area of the lower surface of the cylinder chamber 79 in which the eight divided piston members 76 are housed. Since the area S is set, the load required to lower the lower die 55 by the upper die 53, that is, the closing force matches the load P _F of the lower punch 69, and corresponds to the filling degree of the material 13 in the cavity 95. Because of the change, it is not necessary to constantly apply an unnecessarily large closing force unlike the conventional molding apparatus.

That is, it is possible to reduce the required work amount of the press and the energy required for molding without the occurrence of an excessive state of the closing force for closing the upper die 53 and the lower die 55. Also, the slide stroke required for molding is shortened.

As a result, molding can be performed with a press having a small torque capability, and even in the case of automatic production, a press with a short slide stroke can be used.

Further, since the upper and lower dies 53, 55 do not come into contact with each other with an unnecessarily large closing force, the life of the upper and lower dies 53, 55 can be improved.

Further, in the forming apparatus configured as described above, since the hydraulic pressure is generated in the cylinder chamber 81 by the forming load of the lower punch 69, it is not necessary to provide a large hydraulic pressure supply device to the outside unlike the conventional case. It suffices to simply dispose the hydraulic oil supply device 89 for supplying hydraulic oil.

Further, in this embodiment, since the relief valve 93 is provided in the hydraulic oil replenishing device 89, it is possible to set the forming load of the lower punch 69 in the vicinity of the bottom dead center by adjusting the set pressure of the relief valve 93. Even when molding volume material,
It will not damage the mold.

In this case, at the end of one molding, the cylinder chamber
A part of the hydraulic fluid in 79 is discharged to the outside by the relief valve 93, but the hydraulic fluid replenishing device 89 keeps the hydraulic fluid in the cylinder chamber 79 until the press slide rises and the next molding starts. And the hydraulic oil in the cylinder chambers 79, 81 is regulated.

Here, a value obtained by dividing the closing force by the punch load is defined as a ratio η. In the present application, if the force of the spring 182 is neglected, the closing force is the sum of the forces generated by the piston 78, and the punch load is the force generated by the piston member 75.

Now, since the closing force is a force for suppressing the material in the cavity, it depends on the size of the pressure receiving area. That is,
The required closing force depends on the shape of the molded product and is not directly related to the magnitude of the punch load. Further, the required closing force during processing is not always constant throughout the processing process. For example, in the case where the material is deformed or the material flows to every corner of the cavity near the end of the processing step, a large closing force is required at this point. In this way, when it is rational to increase the blocking force during the process, η is increased during the process.

Further, in the molding apparatus configured as described above, it is possible to house almost all the constituent parts of the molding apparatus in the die set, resulting in a very compact structure. Therefore, replacement and maintenance of the upper and lower dies 53, 55, the upper and lower punches 61, 69, etc. are very easy, and the entire device can be replaced in a short time.

In addition, it is very easy to attach / detach the pin 77 of the split piston member 76 to / from the holder 71. By changing the arrangement of these pins 77, the ratio η between the closing force and the forming load (lower punch load) can be changed. Since it can be easily converted, it is possible to easily deal with various types of molded products.

That is, the ratio η is determined by the number n of the pins 77 used,
This can be easily changed by changing the number n of the pins 77 used.

In the embodiment described above, as shown in FIG.
12 cylinder chambers 79 are formed therein, and the cross-sectional area of each cylinder chamber 79 is a value obtained by dividing the cross-sectional area of the cylinder chamber 81 in which the piston member 75 is housed by 8.

Therefore, as in the above-described embodiment, it is possible to easily set η to 1 by setting the number of the pins 77 to be used to 8.

When n is set to 2, it is preferable to use the cylinder chambers 79 arranged facing each other with an angle of 180 degrees, and when n is set to 3, 120 degrees is set. It is desirable to use three cylinder chambers 79 arranged at an angle.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the molding apparatus of the present invention. In this embodiment, the pins 77 constituting the split piston member 76 are pins 77A and 77B of two different lengths. ing.

The longer pin 77A is attached to the die plate 67 from the start of molding.
8 are used, as shown in FIG. Therefore, at this time, the value of η is 1.

On the other hand, the shorter pins 77B are made to contact the die plate 67 during the molding process, and four pins 77B are used as shown in FIG. Therefore, when these pins 77B come into contact with the die plate 67, the value of η is set to 1.5.

Further, in this embodiment, the cavity 95 is formed on the upper die 53, and as shown in FIG. 7, a molded product 100 having a stepped portion 99 on the collar portion 97 is molded.

That is, in the molding of the molded article 100 as shown in FIG. 7, it is desirable to change the value of η from 1 to 1.5 during the molding Q as shown in FIG. 8, but according to this embodiment, It becomes possible to easily change the value of η during the molding process Q.

Even in the molding apparatus configured as described above, it is possible to obtain substantially the same effect as that of the embodiment shown in FIG.

In the embodiment described above, an example in which the piston member 75 is biased downward by the spring 182 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and for example, a cylinder for hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure, etc. Needless to say, the piston member 75 may be biased by.

In this case, the cylinder device may be incorporated in the die plate 67. Here, when it is not desired to change the spring force so much, it is advisable to provide an accumulator or a charge tank in the piping system of the cylinder device.

Further, in the embodiment described above, an example in which the molded product 11 as shown in FIG. 1 is molded has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and for example, the cavity may have a gear shape or the like. By so doing, it becomes possible to easily form gears and the like.

Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which the die plate 67 is arranged below the lower die 55 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and for example, the device is turned upside down. It goes without saying that the dice plate 67 may be arranged on the slide side, and the dice may be arranged to face each other in the horizontal direction or the like.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, in the molding apparatus of the present invention,
A pair of dies facing each other, a punch to be inserted into the die in at least one of these dies, a die plate supporting the die into which the punch is inserted, and a die plate opposite to the die side. A holder, a piston member arranged in the center of the holder to support the punch, and a plurality of divided piston members arranged independently of the piston member in the holder to support the die plate,
Since it is composed of a communication passage that connects the cylinder chamber that houses the piston member and the cylinder chamber that houses the split piston member, excessive blocking force is prevented and the slide stroke required for molding is made much larger than before. There is an advantage that it can be reduced and the ratio between the closing force and the lower punch load can be easily changed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the molding apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of the molding apparatus of FIG. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the state of the molding apparatus shown in FIG. 1 during material supply. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the slide displacement and the load of the molding apparatus of FIG. FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view showing another embodiment of the molding apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the molding apparatus of FIG. 5 taken along the line VI-VI. FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing a molded product formed by the molding apparatus of FIG. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the slide displacement and the load of the molding apparatus of FIG. FIG. 9 is a side view showing an example of a material and a molded product. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for forming a block. FIG. 11 is a vertical sectional view showing an example of a conventional molding apparatus. FIG. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between the slide displacement and the load of the molding apparatus of FIG. [Explanation of symbols for main parts] 53 …… Upper die 55 …… Lower die 67 …… Die plate 69 …… Lower punch 71 …… Holder 75 …… Piston member 76 …… Split piston member 79,81 …… Cylinder Room 82 ... communication passage.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pair of dies (53, 55) facing each other.
A punch (69) to be inserted into at least one of these dies (55), a die plate (67) supporting the die (55) into which the punch is inserted, and the die of the die plate. Holder (71) arranged on the opposite side to the side, a piston member (75) arranged at the center of the holder and supporting the punch (69), and the holder (71) is independent of the piston member (75). A plurality of divided piston members (76) that are arranged in parallel and support the die plate (67), a cylinder chamber (81) in which the piston member (75) is accommodated, and a divided piston member (76). A molding apparatus comprising: a communication passage (82) communicating with a cylinder chamber (79).