JPH0745083B2 - Closed forging press - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a hermetically sealed forging press, and more particularly, to a mold in which it is supported in a floating manner.

[Prior Art] The so-called closed forging process, which includes swaging that increases the product cross-sectional area relative to slag (material) cross-section, extrusion that decreases the cross-sectional area, or composite processing combining these,
The material yield is good and the press load can be minimized.

In the conventional closed forging press, the upper die is slid and the lower die is attached to the bolster by attaching and detaching means, and the slag is fixed in the space formed inside these dies (upper die and lower die). It is generally configured to be molded into a shape.

Therefore, taking upsetting as an example, the upsetting member is constrained by the mold, and burrs do not occur, so that the press load (press pressure) can be minimized and a product having a predetermined size can be formed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the above conventional structure has the following problems.

That is, the space shape formed by the mold is determined by the product dimensional accuracy and the slag size. Therefore, the slag size control is troublesome and the yield is poor.

Further, the slag dimensional accuracy is limited due to problems such as the slag manufacturing machine and the purchase unit price. Therefore, when the slag size is small, it is difficult to guarantee product accuracy. On the other hand, when the slag size is large, an excessive load is generated on the entire mold and forging press, and damage or damage due to the overload occurs.

On the other hand, from the viewpoint of preventing press load fluctuations and preventing overload from occurring, it may be possible to configure so that a predetermined space remains in the mold even after molding. Not only is it stable, but it also requires secondary processing, so it is difficult to receive depending on the precision of the final product and the product application.

Moreover, forging press. Since the mold maker and the press user who procures the slag are separated from each other, it is very difficult to match them, which not only puts a great deal of management and labor on the user but also ensures safety and improves productivity. From the perspective, there is a strong demand for improvement.

Here, an object of the present invention is to provide a closed forging press capable of achieving highly accurate and smooth molding while preventing press load fluctuation and occurrence of overload even if there are variations in slag dimensions. is there.

[Means for Solving the Problems] According to the present invention, a mold is floating-supported by a pressure receiving means that allows the vertical displacement of the mold while supporting the full load of the press, so that the slag size error can be absorbed. Is.

That is, the lower die is mounted on a bolster so as to be displaceable within a gap formed between the upper limit position regulation surface and the lower limit position regulation surface, and is formed to include a pressure receiving member that directly or indirectly engages with the lower die, A bed is provided with a pressure-receiving means for urging the lower die to contact the upper limit position regulating surface in an unloaded state, carrying the full press load in the press function, and allowing the lower die to be displaced downward in the gap. It is characterized in that it is disposed inside, and the lower die is supported in a floating manner with respect to the bolster so that a load due to a slag dimension error can be prevented.

Further, the upper die is formed to include a pressure receiving member that is displaceably mounted within a gap formed between the lower limit position restricting surface and the upper limit position restricting surface, is mounted on a slide, and directly or indirectly engages with the upper mold. Slide the pressure receiving means for urging the upper die to come into contact with the lower limit position regulating surface in the unloaded state, to carry the total pressure of the press in the pressed state, and to allow the upper die to be displaced upward in the gap. It is characterized in that it is arranged inside and the upper die is supported in a floating manner with respect to the slide so as to prevent overload due to slag size error.

[Operation] In the present invention having the above-described configuration, for example, when the lower mold is floatingly supported on the bolster, when the slide / upper mold descends and both the molds are hermetically sealed, even if the slag size is slightly larger than the reference size, the pressure receiving means Allows the lower die to move downward while carrying the full load of the press.

Therefore, the occurrence of overload can be prevented, and the product can be molded with high precision without causing burrs.

[Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

(First Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 1, the hermetic forging press of this embodiment is roughly classified into a lower mold 10 supported displaceably on a bolster 3 and an upper mold 20 and a lower mold 10 attached to a slide 2. And a pressure receiving means 30 for floatingly supporting the.

Note that FIG. 1 is drawn such that the left half of the center line L shows the middle of the slide 2 descending, and the right half shows the case where the slide 2 reaches the lower limit position.

The upper die 20 is fixed to the slide 2 via a die holder 25 including a support portion 25A and a plate portion 25B. Reference numeral 21 is a locking portion.

A punch 27 and a knockout pin 28 are fitted in the hollow portions of the slide 2, the die holder 25, and the upper die 20.

On the other hand, the lower die 10 is attached to the bolster 3 via a die holder 15 composed of a support portion 15A and a plate portion 15B so as to be vertically displaceable.

That is, the locking portion 11 is mounted in the gap S formed between the upper limit position regulation surface 13 provided on the support portion 15A and the lower limit position regulation surface 14 provided on the plate portion 15B.

Now, the pressure receiving means 30 carries the full load of the press and the gap S
It is a means for allowing the lower die 10 to be displaced downward inside, and is arranged in the bed 1. Therefore, in the unloaded state, the lower mold 10 is urged to contact the upper limit position restricting surface 13. The pressure receiving means 30 is connected to the lower die 10 via the pressure receiving member 45.
Are linked to. In this embodiment, the pressure receiving member 45 includes a pressure receiving plate 46 displaceably mounted in the holder 15 and an insert plate 47 displaceably mounted in the bolster 3.
It is formed from and. It indirectly engages with the lower mold 10.

A specific configuration example is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 2, the hydraulic cylinder device 31 and the pressure conversion member 41 are shown.
The booster cylinder device 51 and the booster cylinder device 51 constitute the pressure receiving means 30. In order to receive the full load of the press and to perform the displacement of the lower mold 10 reliably and smoothly, and to downsize the equipment and reduce the cost, the hydraulic cylinder device 31 mainly responsible for the pressure receiving mechanism and the booster mainly responsible for the displacement allowance function. It is combined with the cylinder device 51.

Here, the hydraulic cylinder device 31 includes a cylinder 32 screwed to the bed 1 and a pressure receiving member 45 (insert plate 4).
7) Piston 34 mounted inside cylinder 32 so that it can abut
And a pressure device 37 for supplying high-pressure oil into a cylinder chamber 33 formed between the cylinder 32 and the piston 34. Incidentally, 35 is a seal member.

Since the hydraulic cylinder device 31 receives a large total load of the press, the lower end surface 34D of the piston 34 has a large diameter. Further, the cylinder chamber 33 is formed to be thin in the vertical direction, as long as the displacement within the gap S of the lower die 10 is allowed.

Therefore, the pressurizing device 37 (oil tank 38, air-operated pump 39) only needs to supply a small amount of high-pressure oil for replenishing the leak to the small-capacity cylinder chamber 33, and can be made extremely compact. Further, the pressurizing device 37 does not have a hydraulic pressure adjusting mechanism in the cylinder chamber 33 that accompanies the displacement of the lower mold 10 in the gap S, and therefore has a simple structure.

On the other hand, the booster cylinder device 51 has the hydraulic pressure adjusting function. That is, the lower die 10 has the function of allowing displacement, and has a large-diameter cylinder 52, piston 54, and cylinder chamber 53.
It is composed of a pressurizing device 57 for pressurizing the inside with air. 55 is a sealing material.

In this embodiment, the piston 54 is fixed to the bed 1. Further, the cylinder 52 and the piston 54 slide and guide the knockout pin 18 via the bush 56. The pressurizing device 57 includes a buffer tank 58 and a pressure adjusting valve 59.

Then, the hydraulic cylinder device 31 and the booster cylinder device 51.
And are connected by a pressure displacement conversion member 41.

The pressure displacement conversion member 41 has a hollow cylindrical shape, the upper end 41H is fitted to the small diameter portion 34S of the piston 34, is mounted so as to seal the cylinder chamber 33 by the sealing materials 55, 55, and is attached to the piston 34, the cylinder 32. Relative displacement is possible. Also, the bottom 4
1L is fixed to the cylinder 52.

The area of the upper end surface 41U is about 1/16 of the area of the lower end surface 34D of the piston 34. In this connection, the area of the upper end surface 54U of the piston 54 is about 36 times larger than the area of the upper end surface 41U.

Therefore, when the piston 34 is lowered by 1 mm, the pressure displacement conversion member 41 is lowered by 16 mm.

If the hydraulic pressure in the cylinder chamber 33 is 350 kg / m ² g, the air pressure in the cylinder chamber 53 is 9.7 g / m ² g.

Next, the operation will be described.

The pressurizing device 57 establishes the internal pressure of the cylinder chamber 53 of the booster cylinder device 51 to a predetermined value. Further, the pressurizing device 37 establishes the internal pressure of the cylinder chamber 33 of the hydraulic cylinder device 31 to a predetermined value.

The cylinder chamber 53 internal pressure and the cylinder chamber 33 internal pressure are the cylinder chamber
The product of the internal pressure 53 and the area of the upper end surface 54U of the piston 54 is slightly larger than the product of the internal pressure of the cylinder chamber 33 and the area of the upper end surface 41U of the pressure displacement exchange member 41.

Therefore, the pressure receiving means 30 pushes the lower die 10 upward through the pressure receiving member 45 (the insert plate 47, the pressure receiving plate 46). The lower die 10 has its locking portion 11 abutted against the upper limit position regulating surface 13 so that the upper limit position (see the left half of the center line L in FIG. 1).
Held in.

That is, in this state, the locking portion 11 and the lower limit position restricting surface 14
There is a gap S between and. Therefore, in the lower mold 10,
The product of the lower end surface 34D of the piston 34 and the internal pressure of the cylinder chamber 33 (more specifically, the upper end surface 54U area of the piston 54 and the cylinder chamber 5
The lower die 10 can be displaced downward when a downward load larger than the product of the internal pressure (3) is applied.

Here, it is understood that the lower mold 10 is floatingly supported by the bolster 3 (bed 1).

Now, slag W on this floating-supported lower mold 10.
Is set by an appropriate means.

In this case, if the dimensional accuracy of the slag W is accurate, the accuracy of the upper mold 20 and the lower mold 10 descending together with the slide 2 in the closed space formed in both molds 10 and 20 while pressing the slag W is high. Can be well forged. The forging process ends when the slide 2 reaches the bottom dead center.

Even if the slide 2 is at the bottom dead center, the lower die 10 has its locking portion 11
Remains in contact with the upper limit position regulating surface 13, and the gap S
It does not move and displace inside.

On the other hand, there is an error in the dimensional accuracy of the slag W,
Consider the case where the dimension of is large.

If the lower die 10 is fixed to the bolster 3 as in the conventional structure, an excessive load is generated when the slide 2 reaches the bottom dead center, and the punch 27, the counter punch 17, the die (10, 20). ， The press machine is damaged. Further, burrs are generated, the accuracy is lowered, and the product cannot be obtained without post-processing.

Here, in the present invention, such a problem is solved by the action of the pressure receiving means 30.

That is, when the slide 2 descends and a load larger than a predetermined press load is generated on the lower die 10 (upper die 20), the piston 34 of the hydraulic cylinder device 31 is lowered via the pressure receiving member 45 (46, 47). Is pressed by. Then, the hydraulic pressure in the cylinder chamber 33 increases, and the pressure displacement conversion member 41 moves largely downward in FIG.

Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder device 31 holds the full load of the press and moves the lower mold 10 by the displacement amount corresponding to the dimensional error of the slag W.
Allow the descent of. On the other hand, the internal pressure of the cylinder chamber 33 is kept constant by the descent of the pressure displacement conversion member 41. The downward movement of the pressure displacement conversion member 41 is absorbed by the booster cylinder device 51 forming an accumulator. That is, as the cylinder 52 descends, the air in the cylinder chamber 53 is released to the atmosphere by the pressure adjusting valve 59, and the internal pressure of the cylinder chamber 53 is kept constant.

After the slide 2 has been raised, the knockout pins 18, 28 eject the product from the mold 10, 20.

However, according to this embodiment, since the lower die 10 is displaceably held on the bolster 3 and is floatingly supported by the pressure receiving means 30, even if the size of the slag W is larger than the reference value, an excessive load is generated. There is also no burr. Therefore, the punches 17 and 27, the molds 10 and 20, etc. are not damaged. In addition, it is possible to produce a high-precision product without requiring post-processing.

The allowable displacement amount of the lower die 10 can be arbitrarily determined by the gap S between the upper limit position regulating surface 13 and the lower limit position regulating surface 14. Therefore, if the dimensional accuracy of the slag W is set slightly larger than the reference value, swag W adjustment and management can be greatly simplified.

Further, the pressure receiving means 30 includes a hydraulic cylinder device 31, a booster cylinder device 51, and a pressure displacement conversion member 41 that connects them.
Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder device 31 can be made extremely small in capacity and small in size, and the booster cylinder device 51 can be a low pressure type, so that the size and cost can be reduced as a whole.

Second Embodiment In the second embodiment, the lower mold 10 is floatingly supported on the bolster 3 and the pressure receiving means 30 is housed in the bed 1 in the first embodiment, while the upper mold 20 is mounted on the slide 2. This is a case where the pressure receiving means 30 is supported in a floating manner and the pressure receiving means 30 is housed in the slide 2.

However, the structure is omitted because it can be estimated very easily from FIGS.

That is, the "lower mold 10" in the first embodiment is replaced with the "upper mold 20".
In addition, "bolster 3" is set to "slide 2" and pressure receiving means 30 is set so that "the lower die 10 is brought into contact with the upper limit position regulating surface in the unloaded state" and "the upper die 20 is set to the lower limit position regulating surface in the unloaded state. This is because it can be replaced by "allowing the lower die 10 to be displaced downward" to be "abutting" and "allowing the upper die 20 to be displaced upward". .

Therefore, in this embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

In the above embodiments, the pressure receiving means 30 is composed of the hydraulic cylinder device 31, the pressure displacement conversion member 41, and the booster cylinder device 51. The point is that the lower die 10 receives the full load of the press.
It suffices that the (upper die 20) can be supported in a floating manner so as to be displaceable with respect to the bolster 3 (slide 2), and therefore the present invention is not limited to the above disclosed structure and can be implemented as an arbitrary configuration.

[Effects of the Invention] As is apparent from the above description, the present invention can hermetically forge a high-precision product without causing overload even if the dimensional accuracy of the slag changes and not destroying the mold or the like. Has excellent effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view mainly showing a mold part showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view mainly showing a pressure receiving means. 2 …… Slide, 3 …… Bolster, 10 …… Lower mold, 13 ……
Upper limit position regulation surface, 14 …… Lower limit position regulation surface, 20 …… Upper mold,
30 ... Pressure receiving means, 31 ... Hydraulic cylinder device, 41 ... Pressure displacement conversion member, 45 ... Pressure receiving member, 51 ... Booster cylinder device.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A pressure receiving member for mounting a lower mold on a bolster so as to be displaceable within a gap formed between an upper limit position restricting surface and a lower limit position restricting surface, and for directly or indirectly engaging with the lower mold. A pressure receiving member that is formed and urges the lower die to contact the upper limit position regulating surface in the unloaded state, bears the full load of the press in the pressed state, and allows the lower die to be displaced downward in the gap. Means is disposed in the bed, the lower die is supported on the bolster by floating so as to prevent overload due to slag size error, and the pressure receiving means is mainly displaced with the hydraulic cylinder device having a pressure receiving function. A closed forging press having a booster cylinder device having an allowable function. 2. A pressure receiving member for mounting the upper mold on a slide so as to be displaceable within a gap formed between a lower limit position restricting surface and an upper limit position restricting surface and engaging directly or indirectly with the upper mold. A pressure receiving force that is formed to urge the upper die to contact the lower limit position regulating surface in the unloaded state, bear the full load of the press in the pressed state, and allow the upper die to displace upward in the gap. The means in the slide,
The upper die is floatingly supported on the slide to prevent overload due to slag size error, and the pressure receiving means has a hydraulic cylinder device mainly having a pressure receiving function and a booster cylinder device mainly having a displacement allowing function. A closed forging press characterized in that