JPH0688184B2 - Machine tool frame and its reinforcement method - Google Patents
Machine tool frame and its reinforcement methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0688184B2 JPH0688184B2 JP28391188A JP28391188A JPH0688184B2 JP H0688184 B2 JPH0688184 B2 JP H0688184B2 JP 28391188 A JP28391188 A JP 28391188A JP 28391188 A JP28391188 A JP 28391188A JP H0688184 B2 JPH0688184 B2 JP H0688184B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- machine tool
- reinforcing
- steel
- reinforcing member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
- B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ この発明は、工作機械を構成するベッド、コラム、その
他のフレーム構造に関する。更に詳しくは、工作機械の
クロスビームなどの剛性を向上させるため補強部材をフ
レームの本体と一体に溶着させた工作機械のフレームと
その補強方法に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to beds, columns, and other frame structures constituting a machine tool. More specifically, the present invention relates to a frame of a machine tool in which a reinforcing member is integrally welded to a main body of the frame in order to improve rigidity of a cross beam or the like of the machine tool, and a reinforcing method thereof.
［従来技術］ 工作機械のフレーム、たとえば旋盤のベッド、平削り盤
のベッド、フライス盤のコラムなどには、あらゆる工具
や重量工作物を支持する構造物として、次のような条件
が必要である。工作機械各部および工作物の重量のみな
らず、加工時には切削抵抗を受けるから、変形が十分少
なくかつ重過ぎないように適正な形状寸法の割合をもつ
こと、負荷運転時に発生する振動に対し減衰性のよいこ
とすなわち静および動剛性が大きいこと。[Prior Art] A machine tool frame, such as a lathe bed, a planing machine bed, and a milling machine column, requires the following conditions as a structure for supporting all kinds of tools and heavy workpieces. Not only the weight of each part of the machine tool and the workpiece, but also cutting resistance during machining, so the shape and proportion should be appropriate so that the deformation is not too small and not too heavy, and the vibration generated during load operation is damped. Good, that is, high static and dynamic rigidity.
長期間使用しても、形状の変形、機械的性質が変化しな
い、すなわち経年変化が少ないことなどの諸条件を満足
するものが要求される。これらを満足とするものとし
て、現在大部分は鋳鉄系の材料が用いられている。ま
た、鋼板溶接構造のフレームは、大形機械や特殊機械に
用いられており、たとえば非常に大きな部分の鋳造が困
難であったり、衝撃的負荷があったりあるいは木型の製
造コストが高くつく場合は有効である。It is required to satisfy various conditions such as shape deformation and mechanical property change even after long-term use, that is, little change over time. In order to satisfy these requirements, most of the cast iron materials are currently used. In addition, steel frame welded frames are used in large machines and special machines. For example, when it is difficult to cast a very large part, there is an impact load, or the cost of manufacturing a wooden pattern is high. Is valid.
フレーム構造として鋳鉄系の利点は、１）容易な成形性
すなわち複雑なものでも比較的容易に一体構造できるこ
と、２）被加工性が強く、仕上げコストを著しく低減す
るこ、３）鋼材に比べて著しく減衰性に富むことなどで
ある。これに対し鋳鉄の欠点となるのは、１）強度が低
いこと、２）伸びが小さいこととＥ（ヤング係数）が小
さいこと。例えば、鋳鉄製フレームのたわみは同じ大き
さの形状、寸法、商量として鋼製フレーム約２倍前後と
なる。３）鋳造案内面はそのままでは耐摩耗性が低いこ
となどである。The advantages of the cast iron system as a frame structure are 1) easy formability, that is, complex structure can be relatively easily integrated, 2) workability is strong, and finishing cost is significantly reduced, 3) steel It is extremely rich in damping. On the other hand, the disadvantages of cast iron are 1) low strength, 2) low elongation, and low E (Young's modulus). For example, the bending of a cast iron frame is about twice as large as the shape, size, and quantity of the steel frame. 3) The wear resistance is low if the casting guide surface is left as it is.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ 前記した鋳鉄系または鋼材フレームの両構造とも各々欠
点を有している。とくに、鋳鉄系構造のフレームは、限
られた断面での曲げ、ねじり鋼性を得るために補強する
と、重量アップして自重によるたわみが生じる問題点が
あった。この発明は、これら問題点を考慮して発明され
たものであり、次の課題を達成する。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Both of the structures of the cast iron system and the steel material frame described above have their respective drawbacks. In particular, the cast iron frame has a problem that when it is reinforced in order to obtain bending and torsion steel properties in a limited cross section, the weight increases and bending due to its own weight occurs. The present invention has been made in consideration of these problems and achieves the following objects.
この発明の目的は、軽くて鋼性のある補強部材をフレー
ム本体と一体に溶着した工作機械の補強フレームを提供
することにある。An object of the present invention is to provide a reinforcing frame for a machine tool in which a light and steel reinforcing member is integrally welded to a frame body.
この発明の他の目的は、減衰性能を低下させることなく
鋼性を向上させた補強部材をフレーム本体と一体に溶着
する工作機械のフレームの補強方法を提供することにあ
る。Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of reinforcing a frame of a machine tool in which a reinforcing member having improved steel property is welded integrally with a frame body without lowering damping performance.
［前記課題を解決するための手段］ この発明は、前記課題を解決するために次の手段を採
る。[Means for Solving the Problems] This invention adopts the following means in order to solve the problems.
第１手段は、工作機械と構成するフレームにおいて、 前記フレームに負荷される荷重に耐えうるように補強す
るために前記フレームに比して断面積が小さく、かつ機
械的性質が異なる補強部材と前記フレームとを前記フレ
ームに沿って一体に溶着させたことを特徴とする工作機
械のフレームである。The first means is, in a frame configured with a machine tool, a reinforcing member having a smaller cross-sectional area than that of the frame and having different mechanical properties in order to reinforce so as to withstand a load applied to the frame. A frame of a machine tool, wherein the frame and the frame are integrally welded together.
前記フレームの素材が鋳鉄であり、前記補強部材が鋼製
であると効果的である。It is effective that the material of the frame is cast iron and the reinforcing member is made of steel.
第２手段は、工作機械を構成するフレームの補強方法に
おいて、 前記フレームに負荷される荷重に耐えうるように補強す
るためにこの前記フレームに比して断面積が小さく、か
つ機械的性質が異なる補強部材と前記フレームとを前記
フレームに沿って一体に溶着させてなることを特徴とす
る工作機械のフレームの補強方法である。A second means is a method of reinforcing a frame constituting a machine tool, which has a smaller cross-sectional area than the frame and has different mechanical properties in order to reinforce the frame so as to withstand a load applied to the frame. A reinforcing method for a frame of a machine tool, characterized in that a reinforcing member and the frame are integrally welded along the frame.
前記フレームの素材が鋳鉄であり、前記補強部が鋼製で
あると効果的である。更に、前記補強部材をあらかじめ
鋳型に埋め込んでおき、この鋳型に溶融した前記フレー
ム金属を流して溶着させると良い。It is effective that the material of the frame is cast iron and the reinforcing portion is made of steel. Furthermore, it is preferable that the reinforcing member is embedded in a mold in advance, and the molten frame metal is flown and welded to the mold.
［作 用］ 工作機械を構成するフレームの補強方法において、前記
フレームに比して断面積が小さくかつ機械的性質が異な
る補強部材に、前記フレームに負荷される荷重に耐えう
るように補強するために、前記補強部材と前記フレーム
とを一体に溶着させる工作機械のフレームの補強方法で
ある。[Operation] In a method of reinforcing a frame that constitutes a machine tool, for reinforcing a reinforcing member having a smaller cross-sectional area and different mechanical properties than the frame so as to withstand a load applied to the frame. And a method of reinforcing a frame of a machine tool, in which the reinforcing member and the frame are integrally welded.
［実施例］ 以下、この発明の実施例を図面にしたがって説明する。
第１図は、門型の中ぐり盤を示す。ベッド１上には、テ
ーブル２が摺動自在に設けてある。ベッド１の両側に
は、縦方向にコラム３、３が設けてある。コラム３、３
の上端には、横はり４、４が掛け渡してある。コラム３
には、縦方向に摺動面が設けてあり、この摺動面上に
は、横けた５の両端が上下方向に摺動自在に設けてあ
る。横けた５の両端は、駆動モータで駆動させられる送
り軸６、６により同時に上下駆動させられる。Embodiments Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a portal type boring machine. A table 2 is slidably provided on the bed 1. On both sides of the bed 1, columns 3 are provided in the vertical direction. Column 3, 3
Horizontal beams 4 and 4 are bridged over the upper end of the. Column 3
Is provided with a sliding surface in the vertical direction, and both ends of the horizontal 5 are provided on the sliding surface so as to be vertically slidable. Both ends of the lying side 5 are simultaneously driven up and down by the feed shafts 6, 6 driven by a drive motor.
駆動モータを駆動することにより、横けた５は上下に摺
動する。横けた５上には、水平方向に摺動面が形成して
あり、この摺動面上に主軸頭７が摺動自在に設けてあ
る。主軸頭７内には、主軸を駆動する駆動モータ、減速
歯車機構などが設けてある。このため、主軸頭７の重量
は比較的重量があり、この重量は横けた５にすべて付加
される。横けた５には、このため大きな曲げ応力が作用
する。この曲げ応力と同時に、横けた５の前面に主軸頭
７が設けてあるので、ねじり応力が作用する。By driving the drive motor, the lying side 5 slides up and down. A sliding surface is formed in the horizontal direction on the side wall 5, and a spindle head 7 is slidably provided on the sliding surface. A drive motor for driving the spindle, a reduction gear mechanism, and the like are provided in the spindle head 7. Therefore, the weight of the spindle head 7 is relatively heavy, and this weight is all added to the sideways 5. Therefore, a large bending stress acts on the lying side 5. At the same time as this bending stress, a torsional stress acts because the spindle head 7 is provided on the front surface of the lateral side 5.
第２図は、第１図の箱形の形状をした横けた５の断面図
である。横けた５は、鋳物材であり補強用に剛性を増す
ために隔壁10が縦横に設けてある。この隔壁10を設ける
ことにより、横けた５は曲げ、ねじりなどの応力に強く
なる。横けた５の前面には、摺動面11が形成してある。
最大曲げモーメントは、横けた５の長さ方向の中央部に
通常は発生する。横けた５の中立面を境に上方には圧縮
応力、下方には引張応力が発生する。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the box-shaped side 5 shown in FIG. A horizontal member 5 is a casting material, and partition walls 10 are provided in the vertical and horizontal directions to increase rigidity for reinforcement. By providing the partition wall 10, the side wall 5 is resistant to stress such as bending and twisting. A sliding surface 11 is formed on the front surface of the lying side 5.
The maximum bending moment normally occurs at the lateral center of the transverse 5. A compressive stress is generated at the upper side and a tensile stress is generated at the lower side with the neutral surface of the side 5 as a boundary.
したがって、横けた５の上面12には圧縮応力、下面13に
は引張応力が発生する。鋳鉄系の材料は、通常圧縮応力
には強いが引張応力に弱いので、下面13を引張応力に耐
えうるように断面がＩ形の鋼製の補強部材14を接合す
る。ちなみに、設計上軟鋼の引張許容応力は、900〜150
0Kg/cm2であり、鋳鉄は、300〜350Kg/cm2である。横け
た５と補強部材14との接合は、溶着されている。この溶
着は、あらかじめ補強部材14を鋳型に埋め込んでおき、
この鋳型に溶融した鋳物金属を流し込むものである。Therefore, compressive stress is generated on the upper surface 12 of the lying side 5 and tensile stress is generated on the lower surface 13. Since a cast iron material is usually strong against compressive stress but weak against tensile stress, a reinforcing member 14 made of steel having an I-shaped cross section is joined so that the lower surface 13 can withstand the tensile stress. By the way, by design, the allowable tensile stress of mild steel is 900-150.
0 Kg / cm 2 and cast iron 300-350 Kg / cm 2 . The joint between the laying 5 and the reinforcing member 14 is welded. In this welding, the reinforcing member 14 is embedded in the mold in advance,
The molten casting metal is poured into this mold.
溶融した鋳物金属の溶融熱で、鋼製の補強部材14の表面
に近い部分のみが溶かされ、鋳鉄金属と鋼の成分が一体
に溶け両者は溶着される。これが冷却されると鋳鉄金属
と鋼とは互いに強固に溶着し、溶着接合部15を形成す
る。なお、この一体に溶着接合方法は、特開昭63−3696
2号公報などに開示されており、公知の技術である。Due to the heat of fusion of the molten cast metal, only the portion close to the surface of the steel reinforcing member 14 is melted, the components of the cast iron metal and steel are melted together, and both are welded. When this is cooled, the cast iron metal and the steel are firmly welded to each other to form the welded joint 15. Incidentally, this integrally welded method is disclosed in JP-A-63-3696.
It is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2 and the like and is a known technique.
［他の実施例］ 前記実施例では、横けた５の下面に断面Ｈ形の補強材14
を溶着させている。しかし、補強材14の溶着位置は、横
けた５に限る必要なかくベッド、コラム、はり、テーブ
ルなど鋳物の特徴を活かしてかつねじり、曲げ鋼性を高
める必要がある位置にはどこに用いても良い。また、補
強材の断面形状は、Ｉ形鋼であったが等辺山形鋼、不等
辺山形鋼、みぞ形鋼など通常構造用鋼材として用いられ
る。他の断面形状でも良い。更に、前記実施例では、鋳
物金属と鋼材を鋳ぐるんで一体にしたものであるが、溶
着手段はこれに限定されるものではない。[Other Embodiments] In the above embodiment, the reinforcing member 14 having an H-shaped cross section is provided on the lower surface of the lying side 5.
Is welded. However, the welding position of the reinforcing material 14 is limited to the horizontal 5 and any position where it is necessary to make use of the characteristics of the casting such as bed, column, beam, and table and to improve the twisting and bending steel property is required. good. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the reinforcing material was I-shaped steel, but is normally used as a structural steel material such as equilateral angle steel, unequal angle steel, and grooved steel. Other cross-sectional shapes may be used. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the casting metal and the steel material are integrally formed by casting, but the welding means is not limited to this.
溶着手段は、溶接法により接合しても良い。異種金属を
溶接により接合する方法は種々知られている。例えば、
ガス溶接、アーク溶接などの溶接法、拡散法、爆発溶
接、摩擦溶接などの圧接法、硬ろう付などのろう付によ
り接合しても良い。また、前記鋳鉄系材料は、鋼性鋳
鉄、パーライト鋳鉄、ミーハナイト鋳鉄など通常工作機
械のフレーム材料に使用される種類を含むものである。The welding means may be joined by a welding method. Various methods for joining dissimilar metals by welding are known. For example,
They may be joined by welding methods such as gas welding and arc welding, diffusion methods, pressure welding methods such as explosion welding, friction welding, and brazing such as hard brazing. Further, the cast iron-based material includes types such as steel cast iron, pearlite cast iron, and meehanite cast iron, which are generally used as frame materials for machine tools.
更に、前記鋼製材料は、規格化された構造用炭素鋼、特
殊合金など前記目的を達成しうるものはすべて含むこと
は前記したこの発明の目的から明らかである。Further, it is clear from the above-mentioned object of the present invention that the steel material includes all those which can achieve the above object such as standardized structural carbon steel and special alloys.
第３、４、５図に示すものは、補強コラムの他の実施例
を示す。第３図は、ラジアルボール盤の円形コラム20の
断面図である。ラジアルボール盤の円形コラム20には、
主軸頭を搭載したアームが片持ばりとなり、円形コラム
20にねじり、曲げ応力をかける。この応力に耐えかつ、
鋳鉄系の特質をかつ活かすため、中心に鋼製の補強パイ
プ21を溶着させ溶着接合部22を形成したものである。第
４図は、マシニングの立コラム23の断面図である。The one shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 5 shows another embodiment of the reinforcing column. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the circular column 20 of the radial drilling machine. In the circular column 20 of the radial drilling machine,
The arm equipped with the spindle head becomes a cantilever and the circular column
Twist 20 and apply bending stress. Withstand this stress and
In order to make the best use of the characteristics of the cast iron system, a reinforcing pipe 21 made of steel is welded at the center to form a welded joint portion 22. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the vertical column 23 for machining.
マシニングセンタの立コラム23は、コラム内に伝導機構
を収容などのため、外壁部を開口したり、切り欠きを設
けたり種々の制約がある。こうした制約でコラム23の形
状、大きさが制限されてもコラム23内部に鋼製の角型パ
イプ24を溶着させて溶着接合部25を形成したため、曲
げ、ねじり鋼性を向上させかつ鋳鉄系のすぐれた特質を
持つことができる。第５図は、補強パイプ21を外周に設
けた例である。摺動面が鋼製のため摩耗に強い。The vertical column 23 of the machining center has various restrictions such as opening the outer wall portion and providing a notch for accommodating the conduction mechanism in the column. Even if the shape and size of the column 23 are limited by such restrictions, the square welded pipe 24 made of steel is welded inside the column 23 to form the welded joint portion 25, which improves bending and torsional steel properties and is of a cast iron type. Can have excellent attributes. FIG. 5 shows an example in which the reinforcing pipe 21 is provided on the outer circumference. The sliding surface is made of steel and is resistant to wear.
［発明の効果］ 以上、詳記したように、この発明は、工作機械の構造物
に本体機械的性質が異なる補強材を一体に溶着したの
で、本体の材質が持つ特性を損なうことなく軽くて鋼性
のある構造物ができる。[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, according to the present invention, since the reinforcing material having different main body mechanical properties is integrally welded to the structure of the machine tool, the characteristics of the main body material are not impaired, and the main body material is light. A steel structure is created.
第１図はこの発明を適用した門型工作機の正面図、第２
図は横けたの断面図、第３図はラジアルボール盤の円形
コラムの実施例の断面図、第４図はマシニングセンタの
立コラムの実施例の断面図、第５図はラジアルボール盤
の円形コラムの更に他の実施例を示す断面図である。 １……ベッド、２……テーブル、３……コラム、４……
横はり、５……横けた、14……補強部材、15、22、25…
…溶着接合部FIG. 1 is a front view of a gate type machine tool to which the present invention is applied, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a side view, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a circular column of a radial drilling machine, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a vertical column of a machining center, and FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows another Example. 1 …… bed, 2 …… table, 3 …… column, 4 ……
Horizontal beam 5 …… sideways, 14 …… reinforcing member, 15, 22, 25…
... Welded joint
Claims (5)
るために前記フレームに比して断面積が小さく、かつ機
械的性質が異なる補強部材と前記フレームとを前記フレ
ームに沿って一体に溶着させたことを特徴とする工作機
械のフレーム。1. A frame constituting a machine tool, wherein a reinforcing member having a smaller cross-sectional area than that of the frame and having different mechanical properties in order to reinforce the frame so as to withstand a load applied to the frame and the reinforcing member. A frame of a machine tool, wherein the frame and the frame are integrally welded together.
であることを特徴とする工作機械のフレーム。2. The frame of a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the material of the frame is cast iron and the reinforcing member is made of steel.
おいて、 前記フレームに負荷される荷重に耐えうるように補強す
るためにこの前記フレームに比して断面積が小さく、か
つ機械的性質が異なる補強部材と前記フレームとを前記
フレームに沿って一体に溶着させてなることを特徴とす
る工作機械のフレームの補強方法。3. A method of reinforcing a frame which constitutes a machine tool, wherein the frame has a smaller cross-sectional area and a different mechanical property as compared with the frame in order to reinforce it so as to withstand a load applied to the frame. A method for reinforcing a frame of a machine tool, comprising integrally welding a reinforcing member and the frame along the frame.
であることを特徴とする工作機械のフレームの補強方
法。4. The method of reinforcing a frame of a machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the material of the frame is cast iron, and the reinforcing member is made of steel.
鋳型に溶融した前記フレーム金属を流して溶着させるこ
とを特徴とする工作機械のフレームの補強方法。5. The method of reinforcing a frame of a machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the reinforcing member is embedded in a mold in advance, and the molten frame metal is flowed and welded in the mold.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28391188A JPH0688184B2 (en) | 1988-11-11 | 1988-11-11 | Machine tool frame and its reinforcement method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28391188A JPH0688184B2 (en) | 1988-11-11 | 1988-11-11 | Machine tool frame and its reinforcement method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02131830A JPH02131830A (en) | 1990-05-21 |
| JPH0688184B2 true JPH0688184B2 (en) | 1994-11-09 |
Family
ID=17671787
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28391188A Expired - Fee Related JPH0688184B2 (en) | 1988-11-11 | 1988-11-11 | Machine tool frame and its reinforcement method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0688184B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7198438B2 (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2007-04-03 | Kosmowski Wojciech B | Drilling system with stationary work table |
| JP4427689B2 (en) * | 2004-07-08 | 2010-03-10 | オークマ株式会社 | Machine Tools |
| KR100694849B1 (en) * | 2006-06-21 | 2007-03-14 | 주식회사진영정기 | Column of surface grinding machine |
| JP4958300B2 (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2012-06-20 | 株式会社森精機製作所 | Machine Tools |
| CN104827303B (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2017-05-24 | 浙江仁工机械有限公司 | Novel cross beam of sawing machine |
| JP6760172B2 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2020-09-23 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | Machine Tools |
-
1988
- 1988-11-11 JP JP28391188A patent/JPH0688184B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02131830A (en) | 1990-05-21 |
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