JPH0688029B2 - Sewage purification equipment in rivers - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is provided in a drainage channel for a river or a purification channel connected to a pond or lake to purify wastewater flowing through these channels for a long period of time. The present invention relates to a wastewater purification device in a river or the like that can be efficiently performed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been great interest in purifying wastewater in rivers as part of environmental maintenance, and various devices for purifying wastewater have been proposed. Above all,
The method of purifying sewage with a biofilm adhering to this purification treatment material using a purification treatment material that enables the habitat of microorganisms that contribute to the purification of sewage is in the limelight, and some types of equipment have been put to practical use. ing. One of the basic configurations common to these is that "the river bed of the river is formed flat and a treatment layer composed of a collection of purification treatment materials is installed so that its lower surface is in contact with the river bed. "Met.

[0003]

However, in the conventional apparatus adopting the structure in which the treatment layer is directly placed on the flat river bed, there is only a problem that the river cannot be purified efficiently. However, it requires a lot of labor for the maintenance and management, and the cost required for it is also considerable.

More specifically, these apparatuses purify sewage by the purifying action of microorganisms inhabiting the surface of the purifying material, but the river bed has a flat treatment layer. Since it was placed directly on
The sludge that was trapped and settled in the treatment layer was sequentially deposited on the bottom of the treatment layer, and there was a problem that the whole treatment layer became clogged within a short period of time. Since the surface of the treatment layer thus clogged is covered with sludge, sewage can no longer pass through the treatment layer, and therefore,
The stagnant water in the treatment layer causes a situation where it decomposes and produces a bad odor, or the clogged treatment layer becomes a source of growth of harmful insects such as bow hula and deteriorates the surrounding environment. It was against the purpose.

When the treatment layer is clogged in this way, the above problems can be solved by replacing or washing the treatment layer, but it is provided for the purpose of purifying river sewage. Since this kind of equipment is wide and has a large scale of several tens of meters, it is inevitable that the replacement work and cleaning work of the treatment layer will be very large-scale.
Therefore, the work requires a lot of labor and the maintenance and
There is a problem that the administration cost is very high. For this reason, the work of exchanging the treatment layer and the cleaning are left unintentionally, and eventually the above-mentioned various problems are caused and the original purpose of the apparatus cannot be achieved.

As a result of earnest studies in view of such conventional problems, the present inventor has taken a means for preventing clogging by sequentially removing sludge trapped and settled in the treatment layer, and an efficient waterfall. We have found that by taking appropriate measures, sewage in rivers, etc. can be efficiently purified over a long period of time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sewage purification apparatus completed by further developing such knowledge.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems One of sewage purification devices (hereinafter referred to as devices) 1 in a river or the like according to the present invention is a waterway 2.
Is divided into an upper water channel 2a and a lower water channel 2b, and a treatment layer 3 composed of a set of purification treatment materials that enables the inhabitation of microorganisms that contribute to the purification of sewage is provided on the upper water channel 2a.
, And the lower water channel 2b are alternately installed at a required interval, and a continuous water channel 4 having an end communicating with the water channel 2 is provided below the upper treatment layer 3a and below the lower treatment layer 3b. On the upstream end side of the treatment layer 3a provided and above, when the level of the wastewater is low in a state where a part of the wastewater flowing through the water channel 2 does not prevent the passage of the water passage 4 below the treatment layer. Even if there is a lower water stop plate 6 across the lower water channel 2b to raise the water level so that the sewage passes through the upper treatment layer 3a, the upper end of the lower treatment layer 3b is provided. On the side, the upper water channel 2a is provided to prevent discharge water discharged from the downstream end of the upper processing layer 3a from passing through the lower processing layer 3b.
It is characterized in that an upper water stop plate 7 is provided so as to traverse.

In addition to the apparatus 1 according to the present invention, a water purification treatment material that divides the water channel 2 into an upper water channel 2a and a lower water channel 2b is divided into upper and lower water channels, and that enables microorganisms that contribute to the purification of sewage to live. A continuous water passage in which the treatment layers 3 made up of a set are alternately installed in the upper water passage 2a and the lower water passage 2b at required intervals, and the end portion of the upper treatment layer 3a communicates with the water passage 2. 4, the inside of the lower treatment layer 3b is provided with a continuous water passage 4 whose end communicates with the water passage 2 and whose bottom is the bottom of the water passage 2, and the upstream end of the upper treatment layer 3a. On the side, even if the water level of the wastewater is low, the water level is raised so that the wastewater rises in a state in which a part of the wastewater flowing through the waterway 2 does not prevent the wastewater flowing through the waterway 4 below the treatment layer. Lower water channel 2b in order to pass through the treatment layer 3a of
On the upstream end side of the lower treatment layer 3b, the discharge water discharged from the downstream end portion of the upper treatment layer 3a passes directly over the lower treatment layer 3b while the lower water stop plate 6 is provided so as to cross the lower treatment layer 3b. In order to prevent this, an upper water stop plate 7 is provided so as to cross the upper water channel 2a.

Purification of sewage in a river or the like means purifying sewage flowing in a waterway (a river, a drainage canal, or a purification canal connected to a pond or a lake).

[0010]

In the apparatus 1 according to the present invention, however, even if the water level in the water channel is low, the lower water stop plate 6 raises the water level of the sewage, so that the sewage must pass through the upper treatment layer 3a. Becomes While passing through the upper treatment layer 3a, oxygen is efficiently taken into the passing sewage, as shown by an outlined arrow in FIG. 4, so that efficient water vaporization is achieved. Thus, the sewage having an increased oxygen concentration is separated from the downstream end of the upper treatment layer 3a by the discontinuous portion 5 between the upper and lower treatment layers.
It successively flows into (water channel 2). On the other hand, a part of the water in the water passage smoothly flows down the water passage 4 without being hindered by the upper and lower treatment layers 3a and 3b and the water stop plate 6 below.
The flowing water flows through the bottom of the upper and lower treatment layers 3a, 3b (mainly the lower end portion of the lower treatment layer) sludge, etc.
Since the sludge existing inside the treatment layer 3 is drawn out to the water passage 4, the running water containing the sludge flows into the water in the interrupted portion 5 as indicated by the arrow. In particular, in the discontinuous portion 5 between the upper treatment layer 3a and the lower treatment layer 3b located on the downstream side, the sewage with a high oxygen concentration and the sewage containing sludge simultaneously flow in from above and below. As shown by the curved arrow, water is agitated, and the oxygen concentration and the sludge concentration of the wastewater in the interrupted portion 5 become substantially uniform.

The sewage whose oxygen concentration and sludge concentration are substantially uniform as described above flows into the lower treatment layer 3b by the water-stopping action of the upper water-stop plate 7, so that in each part of the treatment layer 3, The living microorganisms are supplied with the necessary oxygen and the sewage is efficiently purified. Then, the lower processing layer 3b
The sewage with a low oxygen concentration discharged into the water in the next discontinuous portion 5 from the downstream end of the is part of the upper treatment layer 3a.
Passing through the inside, the effective water vaporization is performed as described above.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4, a device 1 according to the present invention has an upper water channel 2a and a lower water channel 2b which are formed by vertically dividing a water channel 2.
, The treatment layers 3 are installed alternately at upper and lower sides at a required interval to form an upper treatment layer 3a and a lower treatment layer 3b.
A water passage 4 is provided on the lower side of a and on the lower side of the lower treatment layer 3b, and the adjacent water passages 4 and 4 are not communicated with each other by a discontinuation portion 5 (water passage 2) between the treatment layers. A lower water stop plate 6 is provided on the upstream end side of the treatment layer so as to cross the lower water channel 2b, and the upper water channel 2 is provided on the upstream end side of the lower treatment layer.
An upper water stop plate 7 is provided so as to traverse a.

This will be specifically described as follows. The water channel 2 is the first on which the above-mentioned treatment layer 3a is installed.
Basically, the water channel block 9 and the second water channel block 10 on which the lower treatment layer 3b is installed are alternately connected. FIG. 2 illustrating the present embodiment
In the above, the third waterway block 12 in which the sludge basin 11 is continuously provided is interposed at a required portion in the middle of the waterway portion by the alternating connection of the first and second waterway blocks, or partially, The first waterway blocks 9, 9 are connected in a state of being adjacent to each other. Further, a vegetation block 13 is mounted on a required part of the first waterway block 9, and a long hole-shaped opening is formed on a waterway block other than the waterway block on which the vegetation block 13 is mounted. The cover plate 15 formed in parallel is covered.

As shown in FIG. 5, the first water channel block 9 is formed as a gutter body having a U-shaped cross section with an upper opening, and a continuous trapezoidal groove is formed in the central longitudinal portion of the bottom portion 16. The bottom surface of the bottom portion 16 has inclined surfaces 19 and 19 which are inclined toward the groove 17. Further, step portions 21, 21 for supporting both side edge portions of the lid plate 15 are provided on upper end portions of the both side walls 20, 20.
Are provided opposite to each other, and guide grooves 22, 22, 22, which extend in the up-down direction, the upper end of which is open at the step 21 and the lower end of which is at the lower end of the inner surface of the side wall, at positions near both ends of the inner surfaces of both side walls 20, 20 22 are provided facing each other.

The structure of the second water channel block 10 is the same as that of the first water channel block 9 as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 7, the third waterway block 12 has a guide groove omitted in the first waterway block 9 and an inflow opening 25 communicating with the sludge basin 11 is provided at the bottom central portion. Have a configuration.

The upper treatment layer 3a installed in the first waterway block 9 and the lower treatment layer 3b installed in the second waterway block 10 allow, for example, permeation of microorganisms contributing to purification of wastewater. It has a rectangular parallelepiped shape in which a purification treatment material 26 made of high-quality ceramic spheres, crushed stone, activated carbon, etc. is filled in a mesh container 27 such as a gabion, and its width dimension is set to be approximately equal to the width of the water channel and its thickness. The depth is set to approximately half the depth of the canal.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the upper treatment layer 3a faces the guide grooves 22, 22, 22, 22, which are provided in the first water channel block 9 and face each other. The upper surface 30 of the processing layer is supported from below by a pair of support plates 29, 29, and the upper surface 30 of the processing layer is a bearing surface 31 (see FIG.
(See) and is almost flush with. The support plates 29, 29 have the same structure in this embodiment,
As shown in FIG. 5, a receiving piece 33 is formed so as to project at a portion near the upper end of the inner surface of the rectangular plate 32 in which both end portions are fitted in the guide grooves. Then, as shown in FIG.
3, 33 support both end portions of the treatment layer 3a from below, and the upper end portions 35, 35 of both rectangular plate members engage with the lower sides of both end portions of the treatment layer 3a so that the treatment layer 3a has a water channel length direction. It is done as if to seal the movement of.

The lower treatment layer 3b is installed on the bottom portion 16 of the second water channel block 10 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the guide grooves facing each other are provided in the water channel block 10. It is designed to be pressed downward by a pair of pressing plates 37, 37 facing each other in a state of being dropped into 22, 22, 22, 22. The pressing plate 3
7, 37 have the same structure in this embodiment, and as shown in FIG. 6, a pressing piece 40 is formed so as to project from the inner surface of the rectangular plate body 39 in which both end portions are fitted in the guide grooves. , The opposing pressing pieces 40, 40 press down the upper surfaces of both end portions of the processing layer 3b to prevent the floating,
The lower portions 41, 41 of both rectangular plate members are engaged with the upper sides of both ends of the treatment layer 3b to block the movement of the treatment layer 3b in the water channel length direction.

Therefore, the upper treatment layer 3a is installed on the first water channel block 9 in the water channel 2 constructed as described above by using both support plates 29, 29, and both pressures are applied to the second water channel block 10. When the lower treatment layer 3b is installed using the plates 37, 37, the upper treatment layer 3a and the lower treatment layer 3b are installed in the water channel 2 alternately vertically and at required intervals. The support plate 29 on the upstream end side of the first water channel block 9 constitutes the lower water stop plate 6 that raises the water level of the sewage flowing in the water channel, and also the upstream end side of the second water channel block 10. The holding plate 37 of the above constitutes the upper water stop plate 7 which prevents the discharge water discharged from the downstream end of the upper treatment layer 3a from passing through the lower treatment layer 3b. In addition, the upper surfaces of both sides of the concave groove of the water channel bottom 16 are inclined surfaces 19, 19
Between the inclined surface and the lower surface of the lower processing layer.
Since the gap 42 is formed as shown in (3), the groove 17 and the gap 42 constitute the water passage 4 in the lower treatment layer 3b.

FIG. 8 shows a case where the device 1 according to the present invention is used for purifying wastewater in a river, and the devices 1 are arranged in parallel on the river bed 43.

The operation of the apparatus 1 having such a configuration is similar to that described in the above-mentioned "Operation section", but especially in this embodiment, it is formed between the inclined surface and the lower surface portion of the lower processing layer. Since the formed gap 42 also forms a part of the water passage 4, the sludge 45 at the lower end portion of the lower treatment layer 3b is favorably drawn into the water passage 4 as indicated by an arrow in FIG. Further, in the present embodiment, a plate (support plate) having a water blocking function is also provided on the downstream end side of the upper treatment layer 3a so as to cross the lower water channel 2b. Compared with this, the amount of water discharged from the downstream end of the upper processing layer 3a is increased, and the stirring effect is improved. In addition, a plate (holding plate) having a water blocking function also on the downstream end side of the lower treatment layer 3b has an upper water channel 2
Since it is provided so as to traverse a, the lower processing layer 3b
The sewage that has flowed into the can be discharged almost as it is from the downstream end, and more effective sewage purification can be achieved. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, the treatment layer 3a above the vegetation block 13
When placed on the top, the aqueous plants planted in the vegetation block 13 form roots in the upper treatment layer 3a, thereby removing substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus that are not captured by microorganisms. . As a result, the quality of purified water is further improved.

Others In FIG. 9, a triangular prismatic partition member 46 is provided in the intermediate portion of the interrupted portion 5 so as to cross the concave groove 17. In the case of such a configuration, the running water containing the sludge that has flowed into the water in the interrupted portion 5 is guided by the inclined surface 47 of this partition member as shown by the arrow and quickly rises, and the stirring in the interrupted portion 5 is prevented. It will be carried out more effectively.

When the flow water flowing through the water passage 4 contains a large amount of solids, a sludge basin 11 is provided at a required portion of the water passage in the communicating state as shown in FIG. Since it is desirable to capture the above, it is better not to provide such a partition member. However, when the quality of the sewage to be purified is relatively good and the solid content in the running water flowing through the water passage is small, if such a partition member is provided and stirring in the discontinuous portion 5 is performed more effectively, the treatment By promoting purification by layers, the sludge basin can be omitted.

10 to 11 show a case where the water passage 4 is provided inside the lower treatment layer 3 b, and the water passage 4 has the bottom portion 16 of the water passage 2 as the bottom surface. The running water flowing through the water passage 4 is drawn out by flowing out the sludge in the treatment layer 3b from the upper surface portion 49 and the side surface portion 50 of the water passage 4.

[0026]

The present invention has the following excellent effects.

In the apparatus according to the present invention, an upper treatment layer and a lower treatment layer are installed in a water channel alternately at upper and lower sides at required intervals, and the lower treatment layer above and the lower treatment layer above are treated. There are water passages in the water, and these water passages are communicated with each other through a discontinuity.In addition, a lower water stop plate is provided on the upstream end side of the upper treatment layer and the upstream of the lower treatment layer. An upper water stop plate is provided on the end side.

Therefore, in the case of the device according to the present invention, the purifying action by the biofilm is exerted to the maximum extent,
It is possible to effectively purify the sewage flowing in the waterway.

More specifically, according to the present invention,
Even if the water level in the channel is low, the water level can be increased by the lower water stop plate to allow the sewage to pass through into the upper treatment layer, and the sewage that passes through this treatment layer can efficiently incorporate oxygen. On the other hand, the sludge existing inside the treatment layer can be drawn out by the running water flowing through the water passage in the communicating state. With this as a starting point, between the upper treatment layer and the lower treatment layer existing on the downstream side, sewage with a high oxygen concentration and sewage containing sludge will flow in from above and below simultaneously Agitation occurs, and sewage with almost uniform oxygen concentration and sludge concentration is obtained. As a result, the sewage having a substantially uniform concentration can be made to flow into the lower treatment layer. Therefore, in each part of the lower treatment layer, inhabiting microorganisms are supplied with necessary oxygen and the sewage is treated. Is efficiently purified.

Since the water passage in the communicating state draws out the sludge existing in the treatment layer into the water passage and drains it away, as in the conventional apparatus in which the treatment layer is directly placed on the flat bottom surface of the water passage. There is no risk that the whole treatment layer will be clogged within a short period due to sludge accumulation. Therefore, conventional problems such as causing a situation in which sewage is stagnant in the treatment layer to generate a bad odor, and the clogged treatment layer becoming a source of pest growth and deteriorating the surrounding environment are solved. Becomes In addition, replacement work of the clogged processing layer and cleaning work are unnecessary for a long period of time, so labor can be saved and the maintenance and management costs of the device are greatly reduced. It can be done.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an operation of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view for explaining the first water channel block on which the upper treatment layer is installed together with the fixing means for the upper treatment layer.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a second waterway block in which a lower treatment layer is installed together with fixing means for the lower treatment layer.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view illustrating a third waterway block in which sludge basins are continuously provided.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a state in which the devices of the present invention are arranged in parallel on a river bed.

FIG. 9 is a vertical sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a transverse cross-sectional view showing a lower treatment layer together with a water passage formed inside thereof.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a lower treatment layer together with a water passage formed inside thereof.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Device 2 Channel 2a Channel 2b Channel 3 Lower layer 3a Upper layer 3b Lower layer 3b Lower layer 4 Water passage 5 Interrupted part 6 Lower water plate 7 Lower water plate

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Isamu Kusaka 2663, Oji-shi, Omiya-shi, Saitama (56) References JP-A-60-150891 (JP, A) JP-A-64-11616 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A water layer 2 is vertically divided into an upper water channel 2a and a lower water channel 2b, and a treatment layer 3 composed of a set of purification treatment materials that enables the inhabitation of microorganisms contributing to purification of sewage. The water passages 2a and the lower water passages 2b are alternately installed at required intervals, and the end portions of the upper and lower treatment layers 3a and 3b communicate with each other. The water channel 4 is provided, and at the upstream end side of the upper treatment layer 3a, the level of the sewage is maintained in a state where a part of the sewage flowing in the water channel 2 does not hinder the passage of the sewage channel 4 below the treatment layer. Even if it is low, the water level is raised so that the sewage is above the treated layer 3a.
On the upstream end side of the lower treatment layer 3b, the lower water stop plate 6 is provided so as to traverse the lower water channel 2b so as to pass through the lower water passage 2b. An apparatus for purifying sewage in a river or the like, characterized in that an upper water stop plate 7 is provided so as to cross the upper water channel 2a in order to prevent discharged water from passing through the lower treatment layer 3b. 2. A water layer 2 is divided into an upper water channel 2a and a lower water channel 2b, which are divided into upper and lower halves, and a treatment layer 3 composed of a set of purification treatment materials which enables the inhabitation of microorganisms contributing to purification of sewage. Water channels 2a and lower water channels 2b are alternately installed at required intervals, and a continuous water channel 4 having an end communicating with the water channel 2 is provided on the lower side of the upper treatment layer 3a. Inside the 3b, a continuous water passage 4 whose end communicates with the water passage 2 and whose bottom surface is the bottom of the water passage 2 is provided, and on the upstream end side of the upper treatment layer 3a, wastewater flowing through the water passage 2 is provided. Even if the water level of the sewage is low, the water level is raised so that the sewage passes through the upper treatment layer 3a in a state where it does not hinder the flow of water through the water passage 4 below the treatment layer. The lower water stop plate 6 is provided so as to traverse the lower water channel 2b for forming, while the lower treatment is performed. On the upstream end side of the layer 3b, in order to prevent the discharge water discharged from the downstream end of the upper treatment layer 3a from passing through the lower treatment layer 3b, the upper water channel 2
A sewage purification device in a river or the like, which is provided with an upper water blocking plate 7 so as to traverse a.