JPH0684260U - Heat collector - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] In a closed heat collector using a liquid as a heat medium, the device structure has been devised to improve heat collection efficiency and to reduce resistance to liquid in the heat collector. Provide a heat collecting device having excellent functionality and practicality. According to a first aspect of the present invention, in the heat collecting device, a closed space is formed by the reflection bottom plate, the reflection side plate, and the transparent multilayer plate, and the heat collection plate is installed in the closed space via a support member and liquid is supplied. Then, the lower surface of the reflective bottom plate and the outer surface of the reflective side plate are covered with a heat insulator,
A heat collecting device according to claim 2 is a heat collecting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat collecting plate according to claim 1 is formed of a corrugated plate and a plurality of through holes are provided. The transparent plate in the heat device is formed of a synthetic resin, and the heat collecting device according to claim 4 forms a selective permeation film on the surface of the transparent plate in the heat collecting device according to claim 1. Alternatively, a selective absorption film is formed on the surface of the transparent plate.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a heat collecting device in a solar system using heat, which converts solar energy into heat energy using a liquid such as water and directly or indirectly uses it for a heating device or a hot water supply device of a general building.

[0002]

[Prior art and its problems]

 Conventionally, a solar system that uses solar energy in a general building such as a house has been adopted as an auxiliary system for a heating / cooling / hot water supply system that uses other energy sources, or as an alternative system to such systems. A heat utilization system that uses a liquid such as water or water as a heat medium to convert it into heat energy is widely adopted.

An outline of this type of heat-utilizing solar system is that the heat energy of sunlight is collected using a heat collecting body made of metal or the like suitable for heat absorption, and then through a heat medium such as air or water. It stores heat in a heat storage tank and uses it as an auxiliary heat source for electricity, boilers, water heaters, etc., as well as a heating device for indoor air-conditioning and hot-water supply systems, a hot water supply device, or a cooling device using an absorption chiller. For example, as an example in which a liquid is used as the heat medium, a well-held water heater or the like is known in which the liquid is circulated to a heat collecting device arranged on an inclined wall surface outdoors.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a closed heat collector 11 in such a standing water heater, in which a transparent cover 13 is attached to an outer casing 12 installed on an outdoor inclined wall surface or the like. A closed space is provided to form a closed space, and the liquid A such as water that has flowed into the closed space is heated by sunlight, and the liquid A is used as a heat medium to store heat in a heat storage tank, such as indoors, and then necessary. Accordingly, it is used as a heat source for a hot water supply device or a heating device (not shown).

However, this type of conventional pump-in-place type water heater has a problem that hot water cannot be obtained when it is directly used due to its relatively large heat collecting capacity, and the heat collecting efficiency is poor. Met.

[0006]

[The purpose of the device]

 In view of the above-mentioned reasons, the main object of the present invention is to provide a heat collecting device with extremely high heat collecting efficiency by devising the structure of a closed type heat collecting device using a liquid as a heat medium. In addition, the present invention provides a heat collecting device excellent in functionality and practicality by devising measures such as mitigating resistance to liquid in the heat collecting device when this heat collecting device is used as a circulation type water heater. .

[0007]

[Constitution of device]

 According to the constitution of claim 1 of the utility model registration claim of the present invention, a closed space is formed by the reflection bottom plate, the reflection side plate and the transparent multi-layer plate, and the heat collecting plate is provided in the closed space via the support member. The heat collecting plate in the heat collecting device according to claim 1 is installed at the same time as the heat collecting plate is installed and liquid is supplied, and the lower surface of the reflecting bottom plate and the outer surface of the reflecting side plate are covered with a heat insulator. The heat collecting plate is formed of a corrugated plate, and the heat collecting plate is provided with a plurality of through holes. The structure of claim 3 is the heat collecting device according to claim 1 or 2. At least one of the transparent plate members is made of synthetic resin, and the heat collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 has at least one of the transparent multilayer plates. Selective permeation film is formed on the surface of a single transparent plate, or transparent multi-layer plate is constructed. That is a configuration of forming a selective absorption film on a surface of at least one transparent plate body.

[0008]

[Example of device]

 The present invention which achieves such an object will be described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat collecting device of claim 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat collecting device of claim 2 of the invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a heat collecting device according to claim 3 of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat collecting device according to claim 4 of the present invention, and FIG. 5 uses the heat collecting device of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram of a solar system house, and FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a conventional heat collecting device.

The present invention relates to a heat collector 1 in a solar system that uses heat to convert solar energy into heat energy using a liquid such as water and directly or indirectly use it for a heating device or a water heater of a general building. The invention described in claim 1 of the utility model registration is a heat collecting device 1 installed as an outdoor structure facing a substantially south surface in a solar system of a general building, and has a reflecting surface on its upper surface. A reflective bottom plate 2, a reflective side plate 3 having a reflective surface on the inner side surface standing on the peripheral edge of the reflective bottom plate 2, and a transparent multi-layer in which the upper open end of the reflective side plate 3 is closed. Board 4a. 4b to form a closed space, the heat collecting plate 5 is installed in the closed space via the support member 6, and the liquid A is supplied so that the liquid A can be appropriately discharged by a manual means. The outer surface of the reflection side plate 3 is covered with a heat insulator 7, and the one described in claim 2 of the utility model registration claim is the heat collector of claim 1 in the utility model registration claim. The heat collecting plate 5 is formed of a corrugated plate, and the heat collecting plate is provided with a plurality of through-holes 5a. The one described in claim 3 of the utility model registration claim is a utility model registration request. In the heat collecting device according to claim 1 or 2, the transparent multilayer plate 4a. 4 b. At least one transparent plate body 4c constituting 4c is made of synthetic resin, and what is stated in claim 4 of the utility model registration claim is the utility model registration claim. Item 3. The heat collecting device according to Item 3, wherein the transparent multilayer plate 4a. 4b. 4c has a selective permeation film 8a formed on the surface of at least one transparent plate body 4a, or has at least one transparent plate body 4b forming a transparent multilayer plate with a selective absorption film 8b. is there.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a heat collecting apparatus 1 according to claim 1 of the present invention is a reflection bottom plate 2 having a reflection surface on the upper surface, and a reflection bottom plate 2 of the reflection bottom plate 2. A reflective side plate 3 having a reflective surface on the inner side surface provided upright on the peripheral edge, and a transparent multi-layered plate 4a. 4b to form a closed space, the heat collecting plate 5 is installed in the closed space via the support member 6, and the liquid A is supplied so that it can be discharged by an appropriate means, and the lower surface of the reflection bottom plate 2 and the reflection As shown in FIG. 5, the outer surface of the side plate 3 is covered with a heat insulator 7. The roof of a general building such as a house where sunlight is sufficiently irradiated, such as the roof, is an outdoor structure such as a sloping wall facing toward the south. It is a unit type flat plate type non-condensing fixed type heat collector 1 installed as an object. It is a solar system that uses heat to supply heat energy of sunlight to the heating and water heaters of an air conditioning and hot water supply system. It is an important part.

The reflection bottom plate 2 is made of a material such as aluminum having anti-corrosion properties and waterproof properties. The reflection side plate 3 is erected on the peripheral edge of the reflection bottom plate 2 and the opening end above the reflection side plate 3 is provided. Is a transparent multilayer board 4a. It serves as a bottom part for forming a closed space by closing it with 4b, and has a reflecting surface on the upper surface, so that the sunlight that cannot be received by the heat collecting plate 5 is reflected and absorbed by the liquid A without waste. At the same time, the heat rays stored in the liquid A are prevented from being reflected and radiated to the lower layer to reduce heat loss and improve heat collection efficiency.

The reflection side plate 3 is formed of a material having a rust preventive property and a waterproof property, such as aluminum, and has a U-shaped cross section. The lower horizontal surface is formed with the U-shaped recess facing outward. Since it is welded to the peripheral edge of the reflective bottom plate 2 to form the side portion of the closed space, a reflective surface is formed on the inner side facing the closed space, heat rays are reflected inward and radiated to the outer periphery. The same function as that of the reflection bottom plate 2 is prevented and the heat collection efficiency is improved.

Further, the reflection side plate 3 is provided with a supply inlet and a discharge outlet for the liquid A so that the liquid A, which is a heat medium, is supplied and discharged into the closed space. In the illustrated embodiment, the reflection side plate 3 is formed separately from the reflection bottom plate 2 and welded to the peripheral edge of the reflection bottom plate 2, but the reflection side plate 3 and the reflection bottom plate 2 are joined together. You may form integrally.

The transparent multilayer board 4a. 4b is formed of a material having a high transmittance to sunlight in order to improve heat collection efficiency, and the transparent multilayer plate 4a. A heat insulating air layer is provided between the transparent plate member 4a and the transparent plate member 4b forming the space 4b via a spacer to block the heat radiation from above the sealed space.

In addition, the transparent multilayer board 4a. By fixing the peripheral edge of 4b and the upper surface of the reflection side plate 3 with a sealing material or the like and closing the upper open end of the closed space in a liquid-tight state, the heat collecting circuit can be made a closed type. It also serves to prevent the generation of rust on the reflection bottom plate 2, the reflection side plate 3, and the heat collecting plate 5, which are made of a metal material, and prevent a decrease in heat collecting efficiency.

The heat collecting plate 5 is made of copper, which absorbs thermal energy of the sun. Aluminum. stainless. In order to improve the heat collection efficiency by using a metal material having a high heat conductivity such as steel and by coating a black selective absorption film on the surface, and in view of the heat conduction dispersion efficiency by the support member 6, The reflective bottom plate 2 and the transparent multilayer plates 4a. 4b are supported at appropriate intervals, and at the same time, the reflective bottom plate 2 and the transparent multilayer plate 4a. The heat loss is reduced by preventing the heat radiation to the outside due to the contact with 4b.

The liquid A that can be discharged into the closed space is a heat medium for a heating / cooling / hot water supply system that uses the heat energy of sunlight collected by the heat collecting plate 5 as another energy source. Alternatively, it is used as a heat storage body, for example, by forcibly or naturally circulating the heat collection circuit by an appropriate means such as a pump (not shown). When directly used in a hot water supply system, a purification device It is used through such as.

In addition, a heat collecting tube may be arranged in the closed space, and the heat collecting tube may be used as a heat collecting body of another designed heat collecting circuit. In this case, the liquid A has a heat absorbing property. It is possible to use high water or antifreeze.

The heat insulator 7 is provided so as to cover the lower surface of the reflective bottom plate 2 and the outer surface of the reflective side plate 3 so as to prevent heat radiation from the bottom surface and side surfaces of the heat collector 1. It is optional to use any material as long as it is high in quality, and these materials are not limited in any way.

The volume of the closed space is determined according to the heat collection capacity required for the entire system, but is appropriately designed in consideration of the heat collection efficiency.

As shown in FIG. 2, a heat collecting apparatus 1 according to claim 2 of the present invention is a reflection bottom plate 2 having a reflection surface on its upper surface, and a peripheral edge of the reflection bottom plate 2. A reflection side plate 3 having a reflection surface on its inner side surface, and a transparent multi-layer plate 4a. 4b forms a closed space, a heat collecting plate 5 is installed in the closed space via a supporting member 6, and liquid A is supplied so that it can be discharged by an appropriate means. In the heat collecting apparatus 1 in which the outer surface of the side plate 3 is covered with a heat insulator 7, the heat collecting plate 5 is formed of a corrugated plate, and the heat collecting plate 5 is provided with a plurality of through holes 5a.

The heat collecting plate 5 is made of copper, which absorbs thermal energy of the sun, like the heat collecting plate 5 according to claim 1. Aluminum. stainless. A metal material having a high thermal conductivity such as steel is used, and a black selective absorption film is applied to the surface thereof in order to improve heat collection efficiency. The heat collection efficiency is improved by using a corrugated board with a large heat collection area.

The through holes 5a are for enhancing the fluidity of the liquid A as a whole, and a plurality of the through holes 5a are formed in the wavefront of the heat collecting plate 5 to smoothly circulate the liquid A in the heat collecting circuit. In addition, it plays a role of preventing accumulation of dirt and the like in the closed space.

As shown in FIG. 3, a heat collecting device 1 according to claim 3 of the present invention is a reflection bottom plate 2 having a reflection surface on the upper surface, and a peripheral edge of the reflection bottom plate 2. A reflection side plate 3 having a reflection surface on its inner side surface, and a transparent multi-layer plate 4a. 4b. 4c to form a closed space, the heat collecting plate 5 is installed in the closed space via the support member 6, and the liquid A is supplied so that it can be discharged by an appropriate means, and the lower surface of the reflection bottom plate 2 and the reflection In the heat collecting apparatus 1 in which the outer surface of the side plate 3 is covered with a heat insulator 7, or the heat collecting plate 5 is formed of a corrugated plate having a plurality of through holes 5a, the transparent multilayer plate 4a. 4b. At least one transparent plate body 4c constituting 4c is made of synthetic resin.

The transparent multilayer board 4a. 4b. 4c has a multi-layer structure having a high heat insulating effect as shown in the figure, but the transparent multi-layer plates 4a. 4b. At least one transparent plate 4c constituting 4c is made of synthetic resin such as fluororesin, acrylic, polycarbonate, polyester, etc., which is excellent in permeability and weather resistance as well as heat radiation blocking property. In the example, the transparent plate 4a. 4b, one transparent plate 4c made of synthetic resin is arranged in the middle of the transparent plate 4c. The transparent plate 4c, which is easily scratched on the surface, is used as the transparent plate 4a. It is protected by 4b.

As shown in FIG. 4, a heat collecting apparatus 1 according to claim 4 of the present invention is a reflection bottom plate 2 having a reflection surface on its upper surface, and a peripheral edge of the reflection bottom plate 2. A reflection side plate 3 having a reflection surface on its inner side surface, and a transparent multi-layer plate 4a. 4b forms a closed space, a heat collecting plate 5 is installed in the closed space via a supporting member 6, and liquid A is supplied so that it can be discharged by an appropriate means. The outer surface of the side plate 3 is covered with a heat insulator 7, or the heat collecting plate 5 is formed of a corrugated plate having a plurality of through holes 5a, or the transparent multilayer plate 4a. 4b. In the heat collecting device 1 in which at least one transparent plate member 4c constituting the transparent multilayer plate 4c is made of a synthetic resin, the transparent multilayer plate 4a. 4b. 4c is formed on the surface of at least one transparent plate body 4a, or the transparent multi-layer plate 4a. 4b. The selective absorption film 8b is formed on the surface of at least one transparent plate body 4b constituting 4c.

Specifically, the selective transmission film 8a is, to be specific, transparent to sunlight having a high energy of 0.3 to 2.5 μm and has an infrared radiation of 2.5 μm or more. For example, as shown in the figure, the selective permeation film 8a is formed on the surface of the uppermost transparent plate 4a, which is a reflective film surface, and reflects heat rays from the closed space side to radiate heat to the outside. It shuts off.

On the other hand, specifically, the selective absorption film 8b is a film surface having a specific spectral absorptivity that has a high absorptivity of sunlight and a low emissivity of infrared light, and is, for example, As described above, the selective absorption film 8b is formed on the surface of the lowermost transparent plate 4b which is in contact with the liquid A which is a heat medium to effectively transfer the heat energy of sunlight to the liquid A. Is.

[0030]

[Effect of device]

 According to the present invention, with the above-described configuration, the closed space for supplying the liquid as the heat medium is formed by the transparent multilayer plate, the reflective bottom plate and the reflective side plate, and the heat collecting plate is arranged in the closed space. Furthermore, since a transparent plate made of synthetic resin is used for the transparent multilayer plate, or a selective permeation film or a selective absorption film is formed on the surface of the transparent plate, a heat collecting device having extremely high heat collection efficiency is provided. In particular, the heat collecting plate in the enclosed space is formed by a corrugated plate to expand the heat collecting area, while the heat collecting plate is provided with a plurality of through holes to reduce resistance to liquid. This is an epoch-making device that has a great improvement in heat collection efficiency and is accompanied by functionality and practicality such as smooth circulation of liquid.

In addition, the heat collector of the present invention has a secondary effect of reducing the construction cost by using it as a wall material such as a roof or an eaves. Since it is used as a medium, it is a very meaningful device that has excellent functionality as a building material, such as completely absorbing the thermal energy of sunlight and producing a heat insulating effect.

[0032]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat collecting device according to claim 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat collecting device according to claim 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat collecting device according to claim 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat collecting device according to claim 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a solar system house using the heat collecting device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a conventional heat collecting device.

[0033]

[Explanation of symbols]

 A liquid 1 heat collector 2 reflective bottom plate 3 reflective side plate 4 transparent multilayer plate 4a transparent plate body 4b transparent plate body 4c resin plate 5 heat collector plate 5a through hole 6 support member 7 heat insulator 8a selective permeable film 8b selective absorption film 11 Heat collector 12 Exterior casing 13 Transparent cover

Continued Front Page (72) Yoshikazu Danmura 2-6-15 Nishishimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Tokyo

Claims (4)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A heat collecting device installed as an outdoor structure facing a substantially south surface in a solar system of a general building, which has a reflecting bottom plate having a reflecting surface on an upper surface thereof and is provided upright on a peripheral portion of the reflecting bottom plate. A reflective side plate having a reflective surface on the inner surface,
A closed space is formed with a transparent multi-layered plate whose upper open end of the reflection side plate is closed, and a heat collecting plate is installed in the closed space via a support member and liquid can be discharged by appropriate means. A heat collecting device characterized in that the lower surface of the reflection bottom plate and the outer surface of the reflection side plate are charged with a heat insulating material. 2. The heat collecting device according to claim 1, which is claimed in the utility model registration, characterized in that the heat collecting plate is formed of a corrugated plate, and a plurality of through holes are provided in the heat collecting plate. A heat collecting device. 3. The heat collecting device according to claim 1 or 2 in the scope of utility model registration, characterized in that at least one transparent plate body constituting the transparent multilayer plate is formed of synthetic resin. And a heat collector. 4. The heat collecting device according to claim 1 to 3, which is claimed in the utility model registration, wherein a selective permeation film is formed on the surface of at least one transparent plate constituting the transparent multilayer plate. Or a heat collecting device characterized in that a selective absorption film is formed on the surface of at least one transparent plate that constitutes the transparent multilayer plate.