JP3165721U - Heating equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heating device which can be easily used for heating a futon while sleeping like a hot water bottle, is lightweight and inexpensive and has a sufficient heating capacity without consuming fossil fuel or electric power. SOLUTION: A flat plate-shaped latent heat storage material 2 enclosed in a watertight container or bag 1 is used as a heater. The latent heat storage material is covered with a black bag. At the time of heat collection, the latent heat storage material is housed in a heat collection case and exposed to sunlight. The sunlight is directly absorbed by the black bag of the latent heat storage material and heats the latent heat storage material. At bedtime, the latent heat storage material is taken out of the heat collection case together with the bag and used for heating in the futon. [Selection diagram] Fig. 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a sleeping heater.

  Various heaters have been used since ancient times. The main ones used in recent years are limited to hot water bottles, electric blankets, and electric saucers. In the case of a hot water bottle, energy such as gas and oil is required to heat the water. In the case of an electric blanket or an electric fan, electric power is required. In either case, the fuel cost increases.

  The use of solar heat for heating and hot water supply has been practiced since ancient times. With the recent increase in energy conservation awareness, solar heat utilization is becoming increasingly popular. The main methods of using solar heat for heating and hot water supply are solar water heaters and passive solar houses. In either case, heat storage is often accompanied to compensate for the time lag between sunlight and heat utilization. For example, in the case of a solar water heater, water warmed by the light collecting unit is stored as hot water in a hot water tank by natural convection or forced circulation. Also, for example, in a passive solar house, sunlight that has entered through a glass window is absorbed and stored on a wall surface or floor surface and is emitted at night. These heat storages are stored as so-called sensible heat where the amount of energy is proportional to the temperature rise.

  In sensible heat storage, if the amount of stored heat is to be increased, the temperature must be increased, but if the temperature is increased, there is an inconvenience that heat is easily released. As seen in examples of biotoilet use, the high temperature itself may be inconvenient. When using the stored heat, there is also a disadvantage that the temperature decreases with time.

  Therefore, it is often performed to store solar heat as latent heat. In other words, a solid material is placed in a temperature environment above the melting point below the melting point, and heat is stored using the heat of fusion when the solid changes to a liquid. In addition to being able to store thermal energy at a constant temperature until all of it is liquid, there is an advantage that the heat storage amount per unit weight is also large. A temperature environment above the melting point is given by solar heat. For example, water heated by a solar heat collector transmits heat to a latent heat storage material through a pipe.

  As described above, the method of storing solar heat in the latent heat storage material has great advantages, and various ideas have been made in this regard and it has been put into practical use. For example, in Patent Document 1, efficient floor heating is realized by forming latent heat storage materials having different thermal conductivities on the upper and lower surfaces of the heater. For example, in Patent Document 2, a latent heat storage material is disposed between a transparent plate and a heat insulating material, and an air layer is formed between the heat insulating material and the latent heat storage material. Solar thermal energy stored in the daytime is carried into the room by the air passing through the air layer at night and warms the room.

  In the cited patent document 3, water warmed by a solar heat collector is stored in a latent heat storage material placed in a place such as underground by a water pump or the like. At night, the heat stored in the latent heat storage material is recovered through water and sent to a radiator installed in the room or a floor heating pipe installed on the floor by a water pump. In cited patent document 4, the heat medium warmed by the solar water heater is sent to the heat storage tank and stored in the latent heat storage material A through the heat exchanger. The latent heat storage material B is contained inside the floor heating panel. Heat energy stored by appropriately exchanging A and B is used for heating.

  In the cited patent document 5, the water heated by the solar water heater attached to the balcony is sent to the heat storage tank by a pump, and heat is stored in the latent heat storage material through the heat exchanger. The stored heat is collected through a heat exchanger, sent to a heater, and used for heating. In Patent Document 6, a latent heat storage material for storing solar heat is provided at the eaves, and the occurrence of icicles at the eaves is prevented with a simple structure.

  In the cited patent document 7, the latent heat storage material connected to the solar water heater is composed of two types, one having a high melting point and one having a low melting point, and is devised so that it can be used over a longer period of the year. ing. In the cited patent document 8, by constructing a window counter provided on the indoor side of the window with a latent heat storage material, solar heat is stored in the latent heat storage material, thereby devising to prevent a cold draft from the window. Yes.

  In cited patent document 8, the latent heat storage material is enclosed in the heat storage tank in the apparatus which heat-stores the hot water obtained with the solar water heater in the pile-type heat storage tank buried in the ground. In cited patent document 10, a latent heat storage material is installed around the decomposition tank of the biotoilet, and the temperature of the decomposition tank is kept constant by feeding water warmed by a solar water heater. In the cited patent document 11, a latent heat storage material is provided around the ventilation passage, and heat is stored by feeding water warmed by a solar water heater. This prevents the room from being cooled by ventilation at night.

  As exemplified above, there are many methods in which thermal energy obtained by solar heat is temporarily stored in the latent heat storage material, and the heat is taken out and used at night, and many have been put into practical use. However, these are all built into the building and are not used for heating in a sleeping futon like a hot water bottle. That is, it does not use any electric power or fossil fuel, and is easy to carry and install in the futon, maintains a heat storage amount similar to a hot water bottle, does not disturb sleep, and there is no safe and inexpensive heating device.

Patent Publication No. 05-231659 Patent Publication No. 09-145165 Patent Publication 2000-130975 Patent Publication 2001-304595 Patent Publication 2002-106974 Patent Publication 2003-105931 Patent Publication 2003-106681 Patent Publication 2003-293668 Patent Publication 2006-71134 Patent Publication 2006-203418 Patent Publication 2006-284068

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the problem to be solved is that it is easy to use for heating inside a futon sleeping like a hot water bottle, and is lightweight and inexpensive enough to consume no fossil fuel or power. The object is to realize a heater having a heating capability.

  In the present invention, a flat plate-like latent heat storage material enclosed in a watertight container or bag is used as a heater. The latent heat storage material is covered with a black bag. During heat collection, the latent heat storage material is housed in a heat collection case and exposed to sunlight. The sunlight is absorbed directly into the black bag of latent heat storage material and heats the latent heat storage material. At bedtime, the latent heat storage material is taken out of the heat collection case together with the bag and used for heating in the futon.

  As described above, the heating device according to the present invention directly warms the latent heat storage material with solar heat and brings the warmed latent heat storage material directly into the futon. Since no heat exchange is performed, solar heat can be used with high efficiency. Because it uses latent heat, it maintains a substantially constant temperature during heat collection and use. For this reason, there is little heat radiation to the surroundings, and it is comfortable to use without being too hot during sleep. Since the latent heat storage has a large amount of heat storage per unit weight, it can achieve heating capacity more than a hot water bottle while being as heavy as a hot water bottle.

FIG. 1 is an overall view of a heater according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an overall view of the heating device appealed in claim 2. FIG. 3 is an overall view of the heating device appealed in claim 5.

  The latent heat storage material preferably has a melting point of 45 ° C. or higher and 60 ° C. or lower. For example, sodium thiosulfate hydrate having a melting point of 48 ° C. or sodium acetate hydrate having a melting point of 58 ° C. is selected. The latent heat storage material is enclosed in a watertight container or bag. A soft and flexible container or bag is preferable in terms of comfort, but may be hard. However, since the volume of the latent heat storage material changes between about several percent to about 10% with a phase change or a temperature change, it must follow this volume change. In addition, it may cause troubles such as the latent heat storage material flowing out due to rupture during use. After all, a polypropylene bag having a thickness of 0.5 mm is most preferable.

  The amount of the latent heat storage material is determined by the relationship between the preferable heat storage amount and the heat of dissolution of the latent heat storage material. For example, if the preferable amount of heat stored is equivalent to a 2 liter type hot water bottle, the amount of stored heat is about 80 kilocalories. On the other hand, if sodium thiosulfate is selected as the latent heat storage material, the heat of dissolution is about 47 kilocalories per kilogram. If all the heat storage amount is covered by melting heat, the amount of latent heat storage material is about 2 kilograms.

  The size of the bag enclosing the latent heat storage material is selected so that the internal volume is equal to the volume of the latent heat storage material. The area and thickness are determined by the relationship between the solar light receiving area and the amount of heat stored. If it is too thick, the light receiving area becomes small and the required energy cannot be obtained. If it is too thin, the light receiving area is too large, and it will not be absorbed only by the heat of dissolution of the latent heat storage material, but will be absorbed by the sensible heat of the liquid. If this amount is too large, the temperature of the liquid becomes too high and the allowable temperature of the latent heat storage material is exceeded. For example, since the allowable temperature of sodium thiosulfate is 70 ° C., it is necessary to design so as not to exceed this temperature. Since the specific gravity of sodium thiosulfate is about 1.5, the volume of 2 kilograms of sodium thiosulfate is about 1333 cubic centimeters. On the other hand, since the incident energy of solar heat is about 1 kW per square meter, assuming that the time of exposure to sunlight is 1 hour, energy of about 860 kilocalories is poured. If the required energy is about 80 kilocalories and the efficiency is 70%, the required incident area is 1300 square centimeters and the thickness is 1 centimeter.

The container or bag in which the latent heat storage material is enclosed is covered with a cloth bag. The material of the cloth is not specified, but cotton, chemical fiber, non-woven fabric, etc. are selected. In any case, a soft touch is preferable in terms of comfort. Although the thickness is not specified, too thick ones should be avoided because they deteriorate the heat conduction. Although the shape of the cloth bag is not specified, a bag shape larger than the container or bag enclosing the latent heat storage material is preferable. It is preferable that at least the surface of the fabric that is exposed to sunlight is substantially black. If possible, it is preferable that not only the surface but also the inside is black. If the sunlight absorption rate is high, it does not have to be black. For example, dark blue, dark gray, dark green, etc. may be used. Claim 4 demanded a method of omitting this bag. In this case, in order to absorb sunlight, it is essential that all or part of the outer surface of the container or bag enclosing the latent heat storage material is substantially black.

  The material of the casing is not specified. The dimensions are such that the container or bag enclosing the latent heat storage material and the heat insulating material can be accommodated. The transparent plate is detachably attached to the casing. The material of the transparent plate is not specified, but a glass or polycarbonate thin plate is preferable in that it hardly deteriorates by ultraviolet rays. The number of transparent plates may be one, but it is preferable that the number of the transparent plates is plural and a sealed space is formed between them because it is difficult for internal heat to escape. In claim 3, a so-called plastic corrugated cardboard in which ribs are provided between the multilayer transparent polycarbonates is appealed. Because it is transparent, sunlight reaches the latent heat storage material with almost no obstruction. Because it is polycarbonate, it is resistant to ultraviolet rays. Polycarbonate has a low infrared transmittance, so it is difficult for heat to escape because it prevents infrared radiation from the inside. Since it is a multilayer and a sealed space is generated, the heat insulation is high. In view of the above, the plastic cardboard made of transparent polycarbonate is most preferable.

  A space having a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape for storing the latent heat storage material is provided in the casing. The surface of the space may be exposed from the heat insulating material, but is preferably covered with a thin metal plate. According to the second aspect of the present invention, a method is proposed in which the cross-sectional shape of the space for storing the latent heat storage material is made substantially trapezoidal or parabolic, and the surface of the side surface is covered with a reflecting plate or a reflecting film. In this case, the amount of energy obtained can be increased because the light receiving area is increased. For example, when the dimension of the latent heat storage material is 50 cm × 32 cm, the light receiving area is 1600 square centimeters. When a reflector as shown in FIG. 2 is provided around 5 centimeters, the light receiving area is 2520 square centimeters, and the solar energy obtained is about 1.6 times.

  The material and thickness of the insulation are not specified. The thicker the film, the better the heat insulation performance, but the casing becomes larger and the handling becomes inconvenient. After all, a heat insulating material having a thickness of about 5 centimeters is often selected. Styrofoam is often selected as the material because of its ease of handling and price.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a structure in which a thin metal plate is installed so as to be openable and detachable or detachable between the transparent plate and the heat storage unit is sought. The front surface of the metal plate has selective absorbency, and the back surface is substantially black. The selective absorptivity is a property of absorbing sunlight having a short wavelength but not absorbing infrared light having a long wavelength. Since the incident rate and the emissivity are the same for the same wavelength, the infrared emissivity is also lowered. Therefore, the metal thin plate quickly becomes high temperature. For example, in the case of aluminum subjected to special electrolytic treatment, the incident rate of sunlight is about 0.94, but the emissivity of infrared rays is about 0.1. The material for the selective absorption membrane is not specified. On the other hand, the back side surface of the metal thin plate is painted or surface-treated to be substantially black. By carrying out like this, infrared rays are efficiently radiated | emitted toward the latent heat storage material from the metal thin plate back side surface which became sunlight and became high temperature.

The heating device according to the present invention realizes heating in the sleeping bed by using only the power of solar heat without using any electric power or fossil fuel. Therefore, it is provided as a heating tool for a person who wants to perform comfortable heating while sleeping while saving energy. It is also used for bread dough and yogurt fermentation.

1 container or bag

2 Latent heat storage material

3 Fabric bags

4 Casing

5 Transparent plate

6 space

7 Insulation

8 Reflector or film

9 Metal sheet

Claims (5)

The heat storage part is composed of a heat storage part and a light collecting part. The heat storage part is a watertight and thin plate-like container or bag 1, a latent heat storage material 2 enclosed in the container or bag 1, and a cloth bag 3 that wraps the container or bag. The condensing part is composed of a casing 4, a single or a plurality of transparent plates 5 installed on the upper part of the casing so as to be openable and detachable, a space 6 having a substantially rectangular cross section for housing the heat storage part, and the space And a heat insulating material 7 installed around a part or all of the side surface portion, and the melting point of the latent heat storage material is 45 ° C. or more and 60 ° C. or less, and the outside of the whole or upper part of the container or bag. A heating device characterized in that the surface is substantially black. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the space for storing the heat storage portion is substantially trapezoidal or parabolic, and a surface of the side portion is covered with a reflecting plate or a reflecting film 8. The heating device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transparent plate is a plastic cardboard made of polycarbonate. The heat storage part is composed of a watertight and thin plate-like container or bag 1, and a latent heat storage material 2 enclosed in the container or bag 1, and all or part of the outer surface of the container or bag is substantially black. The heating tool according to claim 1, 2, or 3. The thin metal plate 9 is installed between the transparent plate and the heat storage part so as to be openable and detachable or detachable, and the front surface of the metal plate has selective absorption and the back surface is substantially black. The heating tool of claim | item 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

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