JPH0683967B2 - Hydraulic drifter device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a hydraulic drifter device, and in particular, a piston is reciprocally moved by a pressure liquid used for drilling a rock or the like, and the impact energy of the piston causes the piston to move to the tip. The present invention relates to a hydraulic drifter device that repeatedly applies a striking force to a shank rod having a bit.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, the hydraulic drifter device is configured to reciprocate the piston 12 in the axial direction by the control of the pilot valve 10 shown in FIG. 5 to give a striking force to the shank rod 14.

In operation, the pressure liquid discharged from the pump 16 is supplied to the first pressure chamber 20 through the flow path 18, and the oil in the second pressure chamber 22 flows through the flow path 24, the pilot valve 10, and the flow path 26. It is returned to the tank 27 via. This causes the piston 12 to move to the right (forward stroke). Then, when a predetermined amount (up to the port 23) is moved, the first pressure chamber 20 and the port 23 are communicated with each other, and the pressure liquid is flowed through
Port 10A of pilot valve 10 via 21 (see Fig. 6)
Be led to. This causes the spool 11 to move to the right in FIG. Therefore, the flow path 24 communicates with the flow path 23 and the pump 16
The pressure liquid discharged from the above acts on the first pressure chamber 20, and is also supplied into the second pressure chamber 22 via the flow path 23, the pilot valve 10 and the flow path 24. In this case, since the area of the first pressure chamber 20 that receives the pressure is smaller than the area of the second pressure chamber that receives the pressure, the piston 12 moves to the left due to the differential pressure (return stroke). Therefore, the oil in the first pressure chamber 20 flows through the flow path 18
To flow back into the flow path 23. This allows the piston
12 reciprocates and repeatedly hits the shank rod.

On the other hand, if the bit 28 connected to the shank rod 14 when the piston 12 hits the shank rod 14 is separated from the rock to be excavated (not shown), or if the rock to be excavated is fragile, a blanking phenomenon may occur. It happens. When hitting idle, the striking force acts on the hydraulic drifter main body, which may damage the main body device, particularly the position supporting the shank rod.

In addition to the case described above, the blanking may be intentionally performed. This is a digging noise deeply drilled and restrained by tightening from the hole wall (rod 29 connected to shank rod 14).
This is for vibrating when pulling out or when unscrewing the screw of the rod 29.

Therefore, a method has been devised in which the hydraulic drifter device is not damaged by blank driving. According to this, the spline projection 31 of the shank rod 14 which receives an impact force moves by a predetermined amount and strikes the absorber piston 30. At this time, the cylinder 32 is filled with oil, and since the oil is guided to the accumulator 36 via the flow path 34, the introduced oil is cushioned by the compression of N ₂ gas in the accumulator 36 exclusively for blanking. It is designed to prevent the generation of enormous power.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

However, the conventional hydraulic drifter device has the following problems with respect to the above.

In the case of, the supply to the first pressure chamber 20 and the discharge from the first pressure chamber 20 are performed only by the flow path 18, and the supply to the second pressure chamber 22 and the discharge from the second pressure chamber 22 are the flow paths. Since it is performed only in 24, the flow directions of oil must be rapidly reversed in the flow paths 18 and 24 within a very short time. Therefore, when the flow direction changes, a large pressure loss and accompanying vibration and heat are generated due to the inertia of the oil flow velocity.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, a dedicated accumulator is required and the flow path 3 is provided in the cylinder 32 of the shock absorbing means.
Since 4, 38, and 40 are communicated via three ports, the flow of pressure fluid in the cylinder 32 is diffused and an oil pool is generated, and the oil in the cylinder 32 and the accumulator 36 is effectively discharged and replaced. Can not do it. Therefore, the oil accumulated in the cylinder 32 and the accumulator 36 generates local heat, so that the buffering effect is reduced.

Therefore, there is a problem that the operating efficiency is further reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic drifter device capable of improving operating efficiency.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention reciprocates a piston by hydraulic pressure through a pilot valve that controls the direction of the piston, and the impact energy of the piston causes repeated impact vibrations on a shank rod having a bit at its tip. In a hydraulic drifter device that gives and drills rock etc.,
The first pressure chamber that moves the piston in the forward direction is provided with two ports, one port communicates with a pump that discharges the hydraulic pressure, and the other port is connected to the first port of the pilot valve. Is provided with two ports in the second pressure chamber that moves in the backward direction, the two ports are respectively connected to the second and third ports of the pilot valve, and the fourth port of the pilot valve is connected to the drain tank. , The pilot valve solid spool is the first,
It is arranged alternately at a position for communicating the second port and closing the third and fourth ports and a position for closing the first and second ports and communicating the third and fourth ports. Is characterized by.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention reciprocally moves a piston by hydraulic pressure through a pilot valve that controls the direction of the piston, and the impact energy of the piston repeatedly strikes a shank rod having a bit at its tip. In a hydraulic drifter device for giving a vibration to drill a rock or the like, shock absorbing means slidably fitted into the shank rod, wherein first and second ports are provided in a cylinder chamber of the shock absorbing means. , A first port is connected to a drain tank via a first orifice, a second port is connected to a pressure storage tank, and a shock absorption is connected to a pump for discharging the hydraulic pressure via a cylinder having a second orifice. Means, the projection formed on the shank rod when the shank rod is struck idle and abuts against the shock absorbing means. There has been characterized in that it is compressed.

[Action]

According to the present invention, when the solid spool of the pilot valve is arranged at a position that communicates the first and second ports of the pilot valve and closes the third and fourth ports, the pressure fluid discharged from the pump Flows into the second pressure chamber through the first pressure chamber and the first and second ports. Therefore, the piston moves in the backward direction.

Next, when the position of the solid spool of the pilot valve is switched by the action of the pressure liquid, the first and second ports of the pilot valve are closed, and the third and fourth ports are connected to each other. The pressure liquid discharged from the pump is supplied into the first pressure chamber and moves the piston in the forward direction. In this case, the pressure liquid in the second pressure chamber is drained to the tank via the third and fourth ports. Therefore, when the piston reciprocates, the pressure liquid discharged from the pump only flows in one direction.

Further, according to the present invention, the first tank provided in the cylinder chamber of the shock absorbing means communicates the drain tank with the cylinder chamber, and the second port communicates the pressure accumulator tank with the cylinder chamber. Since they are communicated with each other, a dedicated accumulator is not required, the flow of the pressure liquid in the cylinder chamber becomes smooth, and the pressure liquid can be efficiently exchanged. Therefore, it is possible to prevent local heat generation in the cylinder chamber due to the accumulation of the pressure liquid.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a hydraulic drifter device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a state after a striking piston 54 slidably provided in a casing 52 of a hydraulic drifter device 50 strikes a shank rod 90 described later.
In this case, the spool 78 of the pilot valve 64 is
It is located on the left side of 64, blocks ports 64C and 64E, and connects ports 64E and 64F. Therefore, the pressure liquid is supplied from the pump 60 to the first pressure chamber 56, and the piston 54 moves to the right.

Incidentally, 53A and 53B in FIG. 1 are seal members for preventing oil leakage.

FIG. 2 shows the piston 54 in the forward direction. In this case, the eleventh pressure chamber 56 and the port are connected via the flow path 75.
64A is in communication with 64A, and the spool 78 is on the verge of being moved from left to right. And Fig. 3 shows the spool
78 has moved to the right, in this case ports 64C and 6
Port 4B is blocked while communicating with 4E.

FIG. 4 shows a state in which the pressure liquid from the pump 60 is supplied to the second pressure chamber 70 via the ports 64C and 64E which are communicated with each other, and the piston 54 moves in the backward direction to strike the shank rod 90. ing.

The accumulator 76 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 has a function of adjusting the pressure and flow rate of the first pressure chamber 56 or the second pressure chamber 70.

Further, as shown in FIG.
The shank rod 90 described above is slidably provided on the coaxial line. A bit 128 is provided at the front end of the shank rod 90, a spline 90A that engages with the rotating member 92 is formed on the outer periphery of the shank rod 90, and a gear 92A is formed on the outer periphery of the rotating member 92. There is. This gear 9
The gear 2A is engaged with the gear 94, and the gear 94 is coaxially fixed to the drive shaft of the motor 96. Therefore, when the motor 96 rotates, the shank rod 90 rotates via the gear 94 and the rotating member 92.

Further, the shank rod 90 is slidably provided on the damper ring 98. The damper ring 98 has an inclined surface 98A formed at the right end portion in FIG. 1, and the left end portion of the spline 90A of the shank rod abuts on the inclined surface 98A when idle. The damper ring 98 is slidably provided on the first tubular body 100 and forms a cylinder chamber 102 together with the tubular body 100. The cylinder chamber 102 is connected to the sub-cylinder 106 via the flow path 104.
Is connected to the left ventricle 107.

The second cylinder 108 of the sub-cylinder 106 is provided with a piston 120 slidably in the left-right direction. An orifice 122 is formed in the piston 120, and the orifice 122 connects the right chamber 124 and the left chamber 107. As a result, the pressure liquid from the pump 60 is guided into the cylinder chamber 102.

Further, the right chamber 124 communicates with the accumulator 76 via the flow path 126.

The operation of the hydraulic drifter device according to the present invention configured as described above will be described.

First, in the outward direction (non-percussion process), that is, the spool 78 is at the position of FIG.
The case where and are blocked will be described. When the pump 60 is driven to discharge the pressure liquid from the hydraulic pump 60, the discharged pressure liquid is supplied to the first pressure chamber 56 via the supply flow path 58 and moves the piston 54 rightward (forward direction). .
As the piston 54 moves to the right, the oil in the second pressure chamber 70 is discharged to the tank 73A via the flow passage 72A, the ports 64B and 64F of the pilot valve 64, and the flow passage 73.

Next, the returning direction (striking process) will be described. piston
When 54 moves rightward (forward direction) by a predetermined amount, the first pressure chamber 56 and the stroke regulating port 75A communicate with each other, and as shown in FIG. Pressure fluid via line 75 port of pilot valve 64
The spool 78 moves to the right by the action of the pressure liquid guided to the port 64A and to the port 64A (see FIG. 3). As a result, the position of the spool 78 is switched to the right. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the pressure liquid discharged from the pump 60 passes through the supply passage 58, the first pressure chamber 56, the passage 62, the ports 64C and 64E of the pilot valve 64, and the passage 72B. 2 is supplied to the pressure chamber 70.

Here, the pressures of the first pressure chamber 56 and the second pressure chamber 70 are the same, and the diameter of the right end portion 54B of the piston 54 is smaller than the diameter of the left end portion 54A, so the piston 54 moves to the left due to the pressure receiving area. And enter the striking process. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the piston
54 hits the shank rod 90. At the same time, the passage 75 is blocked by the piston 54 from communicating with the first pressure chamber 56, and communicates with the central groove 54C of the piston 54 via the port 75B. Therefore, the oil in the channel 75 is stored in the tank via the central groove 54C and the channel 72C.
Drained to 73A. This eliminates the force that moves the spool 78 to the right. On the other hand, the pressure liquid discharged from the pump 60 acts on the right end side of the spool 78 via the flow path 58, the first pressure chamber 56, the flow paths 62 and 74, and the port 64D.
Here, since the right end of the spool 78 has a larger diameter than the left end, the spool 78 moves to the left and the pilot valve 64 moves to the first position.
The state shown in the figure is switched to, and the piston 54 moves rightward again as described above.

Thus, according to the hydraulic drifter device of the present invention, the oil in the supply passage 58 always flows from the pump 60 in one direction of the first pressure chamber 56 when the piston 54 reciprocates. Furthermore,
Since the accumulator 76 communicates with the flow path 62, the flow rate of the pressure liquid in the supply flow path 58 does not change. Similarly, since the flow of the pressure liquid in the flow path 62 is always in one direction, the direction of the flow does not change, so that there is no pressure loss transmitted to the change in the direction of the pressure liquid and efficient operation is possible.

Further, even in the striking process, since the two flow paths 72A and 72B are provided, there is no change in the direction of the pressure liquid due to the switching of the pilot valve 64, so that there is no pressure loss and the working efficiency can be improved.

Next, description will be made regarding a case where blank driving occurs during the striking process. As shown in FIG. 4, when the piston 54 moves to the left and strikes the shank rod 90, the shank rod 90 escapes to the left and the left end of the spline 90A contacts the inclined surface 98A of the damper ring 98. Therefore, since the damper ring 98 moves leftward, the oil in the cylinder chamber 102 is guided to the left chamber 107 of the sub-cylinder 106 via the flow path 104.

Then, the oil guided to the left chamber 107 moves the piston 120 to the right. The oil in the right chamber 124 of the sub-cylinder 106 is supplied to the accumulator 76 via the flow path 126 by the rightward movement of the piston 120. Therefore, at the time of idling, the oil in the cylinder chamber 102 absorbs energy in the accumulator 76 via the sub-cylinder 106, so that the cushioning property is enhanced.

Further, the piston 120 of the sub-cylinder 106 is provided with an orifice 122.
By providing, the number of flow paths communicating with the cylinder chamber 102 is reduced to two, and the inside of the accumulator 76 and the cylinder chamber 102 are reduced.
The oil inside can be effectively changed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent oil from accumulating in the cylinder chamber 102 and prevent local heat from being generated.

Although the hydraulic drifter device that strikes in the lateral direction has been described in the above-described embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to a hydraulic drifter device that strikes in the vertical direction.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the hydraulic drifter device of the present invention, since the pressure liquid discharged from the pump always flows in one direction, it is possible to prevent a large pressure loss due to the inertia of the oil flow velocity and the accompanying generation of heat. it can.

Further, since the dedicated accumulator as the shock absorbing means is not required and the pressure liquid in the cylinder chamber of the shock absorbing means can be effectively exchanged, it is possible to prevent the local heat generation caused by the accumulation of the pressure liquid.

Therefore, it is possible to improve the operation efficiency of the hydraulic drifter device.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a hydraulic drifter device according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 to 4 are state diagrams showing its operating state,
FIG. 5 is an overall configuration diagram of a conventional hydraulic drifter device, and FIG.
The figure is an enlarged view of the main part. 50 …… hydraulic drift device, 54,120 …… piston, 56 …… first pressure chamber, 58,62,72A, 72B, 73 …… passage, 60 …… pump, 64 …… pilot valve, 70 …… Second pressure chamber, 73A ... Tank, 76 ... Accumulator, 90 ... Shank rod, 90A ... Spline, 98 ... Damper ring, 100, 108 ... Cylindrical body, 102 ... Cylinder chamber, 106 ... Sub Cylinder.

Claims (2)

[Claims] Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A piston is reciprocally moved by hydraulic pressure through a pilot valve for controlling the direction of the piston, and the impact energy of the piston repeatedly imparts impact vibration to a shank rod having a bit at its tip to drill rock or the like. In the hydraulic drifter device, two ports are provided in the first pressure chamber that moves the piston in the forward direction, one port communicates with the pump that discharges the hydraulic pressure, and the other port is the first port of the pilot valve. And two ports are provided in the second pressure chamber that moves the piston in the backward direction, and the two ports are respectively connected to the second and third ports of the pilot valve, and the fourth port of the pilot valve To the drain tank, and the solid spool of the pilot valve is connected to the first and second ports in the forward direction of the piston. And a position where the third and fourth ports are communicated with each other and a position where the first and second ports are communicated with each other and the third and fourth ports are closed in the backward direction of the piston. The hydraulic drifter device is characterized in that it is arranged in the. 2. A drilling machine for drilling rock mass or the like by reciprocatingly moving a piston by hydraulic pressure through a pilot valve for controlling the direction of the piston, and repeatedly giving a hammering vibration to a shank rod having a bit at its tip by hammering energy of the piston. In the hydraulic drifter device, the shock absorbing means slidably fitted in the shank rod, wherein the cylinder chamber of the shock absorbing means includes first and second shock absorbing means.
A pump is provided with a port, the first port is connected to the drain tank through the first orifice, the second port is communicated with the accumulator tank, and the hydraulic pressure is discharged through the sub-cylinder having the second orifice. A hydraulic drifter device comprising a shock absorbing means communicated with each other, wherein a projection formed on the shank rod is brought into contact with the shock absorbing means to compress the cylinder chamber when the shank rod is idled.