JPH0683428U - Vehicle automatic door - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] The upper back door at the rear of the vehicle luggage compartment and the gate are automatically linked and opened. [Structure] When the gate 7 is opened by electric hydraulic pressure, the tip of the gate is locked to the bracket 20 of the upper back door 5 to rotate the upper back door. When the dead center of the balancer 10 is exceeded, the upper back door is urged counterclockwise by the balancer to be substantially horizontal and fully opened. During the closing operation, when the gate reaches the position indicated by the solid line in the counterclockwise direction, the guide 18 provided on the gate contacts the free end of the lever 12 to rotate the lever in the clockwise direction. As a result, the upper back door is pulled through the rod 16 and rotates clockwise. Then, when the dead center is rotated to the side of the luggage compartment, the upper back door 5 is fully closed by the pushing force of the balancer 10.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention particularly relates to an automatic door in which a hydraulically operated gate also serves as a back door in a freight vehicle or the like.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 A conventional backdoor / double-use gate is, for example, as shown in FIG. A gate 7 is provided at the lower edge of the rear end gate structure 2 of the vehicle luggage compartment 1, and the gate 7 is configured to be vertically movable between the luggage compartment floor surface 3 and the ground by electric hydraulic pressure. In the raised position, the hinge 8 is located in the vicinity of the luggage compartment floor surface 3 and is rotatable around the hinge to form a lower back door. An upper back door 5 having a hinge 6 at the upper edge of the rear end gate structure of the vehicle luggage compartment is provided at the upper part. The upper back door and the gate make up the back door of the vehicle luggage compartment.

Therefore, in the back door of the vehicle luggage compartment, the upper back door 5 hangs down from the hinge 6, the gate 7 is in an upright state and is in a closed state, and the upper back door 5 is rotated upward to a substantially horizontal position. , The gate 7 is pivoted downward to the horizontal position to open. A balancer 10 filled with gas is provided between the upper back door 5 and the pillar of the gate structure 2. At the closed position of the upper back door 5, the upper back door side fulcrum P3 is located closer to the luggage compartment than the line connecting the gate structure side fulcrum P1 and the hinge fulcrum P2, and a pushing force is applied between the fulcrums P1 and P3. Since it is added, the upper back door 5 maintains the closed state. Further, when the upper back door 5 is rotated outward by an external force and the upper back door side fulcrum P3 comes outside the line connecting the gate structure side fulcrum P1 and the hinge fulcrum P2, it acts between the fulcrums P1 and P3. The upper back door 5 is biased in the opening direction by the pushing force, and maintains the fully opened state.

When loading and unloading cargo from the luggage compartment, first, the gate 7 is opened horizontally by electric hydraulic pressure. Next, when the lower end portion of the upper back door 5 which holds the closed state is put on and rotated backward, the fulcrum P3 pushes the balancer 10 from the point beyond the line connecting the fulcrums P1 and P2. Thus, the upper back door 5 automatically opens upward. As a result, the back door of the luggage compartment is fully opened at the top and bottom. When closing the luggage compartment, the upper back door 5 is closed by pulling the pull handle 50 attached to the upper back door 5, and the gate 7 is rotated by electrohydraulic to the upright state to be closed.

[0005]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, in such a conventional backdoor combined gate, the operation of the gate 7 and the upper backdoor 5 is not linked, and the upper backdoor is manually opened and closed. 1) When loading and unloading luggage , It is necessary to open and close the upper back door every time. 2) If you forget to close the upper back door and close the gate first, you will not be able to reach the pull handle from the luggage compartment, and you will need to open the gate again before opening the upper back door. You need to close the door. Alternatively, 3) the passenger may run without forgetting to close the upper back door 2 and wet the luggage with rain. Therefore, the present invention focuses on the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide an automatic door in a freight vehicle in which an upper back door and a gate operate in conjunction with each other to automatically open and close.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 Therefore, in the present invention, the door is formed by an upper door provided at the upper part of the gate structure and a gate provided at the lower part of the gate structure and opened and closed by rotating between a substantially upright position and a substantially horizontal position. A rotating member connected to the upper door via a link mechanism is supported on the gate structure, and a closing direction is set between the gate structure and the upper door with a predetermined opening as a dead point. And an urging means for exerting an urging force in the opening direction is provided to urge the upper door in the closing direction near the closed position, and between the upper door and the gate, the gate is rotated in the opening direction. Occasionally, there is provided an engaging means for engaging the upper doors from the closed position with each other until the dead point is exceeded and rotating the upper doors, and the gate engages with the rotating member when rotating in the closing direction. By rotating the lever, the upper door is configured to rotate in the closing direction beyond the dead point. It was a shall.

[0007]

[Action]

 A biasing means that exerts a biasing force on the upper door in the closing direction and the opening direction with a predetermined opening as the dead point, and when the gate is rotated in the opening direction, the upper door is rotated until the upper door exceeds the dead point from the closed position. As the gate is opened, the upper door also rotates as the gate is opened, and when the dead point is exceeded, the urging direction of the urging means changes from the closing direction to the opening direction. After that, even if the engagement means no longer engages with the gate, the upper door is automatically opened to the fully open position by the urging force of the urging means. Further, a turning member connected to the upper door via a link mechanism is provided, and the gate engages with the turning member when turning in the closing direction, so that the upper door moves in the closing direction beyond the dead point. When the gate is closed, the urging direction of the urging means changes from the opening direction to the closing direction when the upper door that rotates accordingly crosses the dead point. The upper door is automatically set to the fully closed position by the urging force of the urging means.

[0008]

【Example】

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the invention. In particular, FIG. 1 shows a closed state of a back door including an upper back door and a gate, FIG. 2 shows an opening stage, FIG. 3 shows a fully opened state, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the opening stage. As in the conventional case, the hinge 8 is positioned near the rear floor surface 3 of the vehicle luggage compartment 1 so that the gate 7 can be rotated around the hinge 8. An upper back door 5 having a hinge 6 is provided at the upper edge of the gate structure 2. The gate 7 forms a lower back door of the back doors 4 of the vehicle luggage compartment 1.

A balancer 10 filled with gas is attached between the upper back door 5 and the gate structure 2. At the closed position of the upper back door 5, the fulcrum P3 on the upper back door side of the balancer 10 is located on the line connecting the fulcrum P1 on the gate structure side and the hinge fulcrum P2, that is, on the cargo room side from the dead point, and between the fulcrums P1 and P3. Since the pushing force is applied to the upper back door 5, the upper back door 5 maintains the closed state. Further, when the upper back door 5 is rotated outward by a predetermined amount and the upper back door side fulcrum P3 comes outside the line connecting the gate structure side fulcrum P1 and the hinge fulcrum P2, the pushing force acting between the fulcrum P1 and the fulcrum P3. The upper back door 5 is biased in the opening direction by the force. The balancer 10 is provided on the left pillar of the gate structure 2 and is not shown in FIG.

A lever 12 is rotatably supported at one end by a hinge 14 on the right pillar 2a at the rear end of the luggage compartment, and a pin 15 is provided at a side end of the upper back door 5. One end of a rod 16 is rotatably connected to the pin 15. The lever 12 rotates in a substantially vertical plane extending in the vehicle front-rear direction. The free end side of the lever 12 is connected to the other end of the rod 16.

A plate-shaped guide 18 is provided by welding along the lower end surface of a rib 7b provided on the back surface of the gate plate 7a, extends laterally, and projects from the right end of the gate plate 7a. When the gate 7 is opened and closed, the free end of the lever 12 is located within the locus of the guide 18 thereof. On the other hand, the upper back door 5 is provided with a bracket 20 at the edge opposite to the hinge 6, so that the bracket 20 overlaps with the outside of the upper edge of the gate 7 when the back door 4 is closed. .

In the embodiment back door configured as described above, first, in the closed state, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper back door side fulcrum P3 of the balancer 10 connects the gate structure side fulcrum P1 and the hinge fulcrum P2. Since it is located closer to the luggage compartment than the line, the upper back door 5 is biased in the clockwise closed state by the pushing force acting between the fulcrums P1 and P3. And the gate 7 is in the upright state.

When the back door 4 is opened, a push button SW (not shown) is pushed in the opening direction, whereby the gate 7 is rotated around the hinge 8 by electric hydraulic pressure to open. At this time, the tip of the gate 7 is locked to the bracket 20 at the edge of the upper back door 5 to rotate the upper back door 5. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, when the upper back door side fulcrum P3 of the balancer 10 crosses the line connecting the gate structure side fulcrum P1 and the hinge fulcrum P2, that is, the dead point, the upper back door 5 pushes the balancer 10 against the balancer 10. By force, it is urged counterclockwise in the figure to reach a substantially horizontal full opening.

During this time, the free end of the lever 12 is pulled up by the rod 16 connected to the pin 15 of the upper back door 5 and rises from the gate structure 2. The gate 7 continues to rotate by electric hydraulic pressure, and moves toward the horizontal state in FIG. As a result, the upper back door 5 is automatically opened only by rotating the gate 7 in the opening direction.

Next, the closing operation will be described. First, the gate 7 starts to be closed counterclockwise from the horizontal state of FIG. 3 by electric hydraulic pressure. When it reaches the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 2, the guide 18 provided on the gate 7 abuts against the free end of the lever 12 and pushes it. When the lever 12 is pushed by the gate 7 and rotates clockwise in FIG. 2, the rod 16 connected thereto pulls the upper back door 5 and closes it clockwise against the pushing force of the balancer 10. Start operation. Then, when the upper back door 5 pivots until the upper back door side fulcrum P3 of the balancer 10 crosses the line connecting the gate structure side fulcrum P1 and the hinge fulcrum P2 to the luggage compartment side, the pushing force of the balancer 10 causes the upper back door 5 to move. Urge clockwise to fully close the upper back door. Then, the gate 7 continues to rotate by the electric hydraulic pressure, and moves toward the upright fully closed position shown by the phantom line in FIG. 2 or shown in FIG.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the upper back door 5 is automatically opened only by rotating the gate 7 in the opening direction, and the upper back door 5 is also rotated by rotating the gate 7 in the closing direction. It will be closed automatically. This eliminates the need to open and close the upper back door every time loading and unloading luggage, and also avoids traveling without forgetting to close the upper back door.

5 to 8 show a second embodiment of the device. In particular, FIG. 5 shows the closed state of the back door consisting of the upper back door and the gate, FIG. 6 shows the opening stage, FIG. 7 shows the fully opened state, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the opening stage. In this embodiment, instead of the lever 12 of the previous embodiment, a bell crank having a first arm and a second arm is provided. The bell crank 22 is rotatably supported by a hinge 25 on the right pillar 2a of the gate structure at the rear end of the luggage compartment, and rotates in a substantially vertical plane extending in the vehicle front-rear direction. In the closed state of FIG. 5, the first arm 23 extends upward from the hinge 25 portion, and the second arm 24 extends obliquely forward from the hinge portion.

Like the lever of the previous embodiment, the free end of the first arm 23 is positioned within the trajectory of the guide 28 when the gate 7 is opened and closed. Then, the pin 15 of the upper back door 5 and the free end of the second arm 24 are connected by a rod 26. The other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

When the back door is opened, the gate 7 is rotated around the hinge 8 by electric hydraulic pressure. At this time, the tip of the gate 7 is locked to the bracket 20 at the edge of the upper back door 5 to open the upper back door. Rotate. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, when the upper back door side fulcrum P3 of the balancer 10 crosses the line connecting the gate structure side fulcrum P1 and the hinge fulcrum P2, the upper back door 5 is pushed by the balancer 10. It is urged counterclockwise in the figure to automatically reach a substantially horizontal full opening. During this time, the free end of the second arm 24 is pulled up by the rod 26 connected to the pin 15 of the upper back door 5, the bell crank 22 is rotated, and the free end of the first arm 23 is separated from the gate structure 2. Fall backwards. The gate 7 continues to rotate by electric hydraulic pressure, and moves toward the horizontal state in FIG. 7.

At the time of closing operation, first, the gate 7 is closed in the counterclockwise direction from the horizontal state of FIG. 7 by electric hydraulic pressure, and when the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 6 is reached, the guide 28 provided on the gate 7 causes the bell crank 22 to move. Abutting against the free end of the first arm 23 and pushing it. When the bell crank 22 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 6 by being pushed by the gate 7, the rod 26 connected to the second arm 24 pulls the upper back door 5 and resists the pushing force of the balancer 10. Start the closing operation in the clockwise direction. Then, when the upper back door 5 rotates until the upper back door side fulcrum P3 of the balancer 10 crosses the line connecting the gate structure side fulcrum P1 and the hinge fulcrum P2 toward the luggage compartment side, the pressing force of the balancer 10 causes the upper back door 5 to move. Urging clockwise to fully close the upper back door. In this way, the opening and closing of the upper back door 5 is automatically performed by the operation of the gate 7.

In this embodiment, since the rod 26 is connected to the second arm 24 of the bell crank 22 to pull the upper back door 5, the operation for the upper back door is performed even near the fully closed position. There is a feature that the stroke can be taken sufficiently. This allows the upper backdoor-side fulcrum P3 of the balancer 10 to be a line connecting the gate-structure-side fulcrum P1 and the hinge fulcrum P2, that is, the dead point, by the pulling stroke of the second arm 24 without depending only on the pushing force of the balancer 10. The upper back door 5 can be rotated until it is sufficiently crossed to the luggage compartment side, and there is an advantage that the design is easy.

9 to 11 show a third embodiment. In particular, FIG. 9 shows a closed state of the back door including the upper back door and the gate, FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the opening stage, and FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the opening stage. In this embodiment, instead of the lever 12 in the first embodiment, a pantograph type link mechanism is provided on the gate structure 2 at the rear end of the luggage compartment. The lever 32 is rotatably supported by the hinge 35 on the right pillar 2a of the gate structure at the rear end of the luggage compartment, and rotates in a substantially vertical plane extending in the vehicle front-rear direction. In FIG. 9 in the closed state, the lever 32 hangs downward from the hinge 35 portion, and its free end is located in the trajectory of the guide 38 when the gate 7 is opened and closed. The lever 32 has a bent shape so that the lever 32 has a good fit when closed.

The right pillar 2 a is also provided with a rail 40 that extends in the vertical direction, and a slide hinge 42 that is vertically movable along the rail 40. One end of the link 33 is connected to the free end of the lever 32, and the other end of the link is connected to the slide hinge 42. The lower end of the wire 34 extending upward along the right pillar 2a is coupled to the slide hinge 42. The right pillar is further provided with a wire guide 44 above the hinge 35.

As a result, the slide hinge 42 moves up and down along the rail 40 according to the rotation of the lever 32, and the wire 34 is guided by the wire guide 44 and moves up and down together with the slide hinge 42. The upper end of the wire 34 is connected to the pin 15 of the upper back door 5. The other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment.

When the back door is opened, the gate 7 is rotated around the hinge 8 by electric hydraulic pressure, and at this time, the tip of the gate 7 is locked to the bracket 20 at the edge of the upper back door 5 and the upper back door 5 is opened. Rotate. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, when the fulcrum P3 on the upper backdoor side of the balancer 10 crosses the line connecting the fulcrum P1 on the gate structure side and the hinge fulcrum P2, the upper backdoor 5 is pushed by the balancer 10 and the It is biased counterclockwise and automatically reaches a substantially horizontal full-open position. During this time, the wire 34 is pulled up by the pin 15 of the upper back door 5, which causes the slide hinge 42 to move upward, so that the link 33 rises and the lever 32 also rises from the gate structure 2. Although not particularly shown, the gate 7 continues to rotate by electric hydraulic pressure to reach a horizontal state as in the previous embodiments.

At the time of the closing operation, first, the gate 7 is closed from the horizontal state in the counterclockwise direction by electric hydraulic pressure, and when the position reaches the position shown by the solid line in FIG. Abut and push it. When the lever 32 is pushed in the clockwise direction in FIG. 10 by being pushed by the gate 7, the link 33 is rotated and the slide hinge 42 having the other ends coupled thereto is moved downward.

As a result, the wire 34 is pulled down to pull the upper back door 5, and the closing operation is started in the clockwise direction against the pushing force of the balancer 10. Then, when the upper back door 5 rotates until the upper back door side fulcrum P3 of the balancer 10 crosses the line connecting the gate structure side fulcrum P1 and the hinge fulcrum P2 toward the luggage compartment side, the pushing force of the balancer 10 causes the upper back door 5 to move. Urge clockwise to fully close the upper back door. In this way, the opening and closing of the upper back door 5 is automatically performed by the operation of the gate 7.

This embodiment also has the advantage that the pantograph mechanism formed by the lever 32, the link 33, and the slide hinge 42 allows a sufficient stroke for closing the upper back door. And in addition to that, when the back door is closed, all the levers and links are stored with almost no protrusion.

In each of the above embodiments, the bracket 20 is attached to the upper back door as a separate member, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the upper back door may be formed by extending a part of the upper back door. Good. Further, although the levers and links are provided on the right pillar side of the luggage compartment rear end gate structure and the balancer is provided on the left side, they may be provided on the left and right opposite sides, or may be installed on the left and right sides.

Furthermore, in the first and second embodiments, the pin 15 of the upper back door, the lever 12 and the second arm 24 are connected by a rod, but this rod is mainly responsible for the pulling action. Therefore, a wire or a cable can be used instead as in the third embodiment.

In addition, in each of the embodiments, the rod or the wire connected to the upper back door is pulled by rotating the lever or the link by the gate, but instead of such a rotating member, A rod or wire can be pulled by using a slide member that moves in the front-back direction. In addition, although the embodiment has shown the example applied to the back door at the rear end of the luggage compartment of the vehicle, the present invention is not limited to this and may be applied to a side door as it is, for example. Further, in each of the embodiments, the description of the vertical movement of the gate between the floor surface of the luggage compartment and the ground is omitted, but as in the conventional case, a vertical lift mechanism for the gate can be optionally provided.

[0032]

[Effect of device]

 As described above, according to the present invention, the predetermined opening is the dead point, and the biasing means exerts a biasing force on the upper door in the closing direction and the opening direction. An engaging means for rotating the upper door until it exceeds the upper door is provided, and a rotating member connected to the upper door via a link mechanism is provided. Since the door is rotated in the closing direction beyond the dead point, when the gate is opened, the upper door is first rotated by the engaging means until the upper door exceeds the dead point, and when the gate is closed, the upper door is engaged. The upper door is rotated in the opposite direction through the rotating member and the link mechanism until the dead point is exceeded, and is automatically fully opened and fully closed by the biasing means. In this way, the upper door is automatically opened and closed in conjunction with the opening and closing of the gate, which has the effect of simplifying the loading and unloading operations. In addition, since there is no risk of forgetting to close the upper door, there is no risk of losing the commercial value of the cargo by being exposed to rain.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a closed state according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an opening stage in the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a fully open state in the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a halfway opening stage in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a closed state in the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a halfway stage of opening in the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a fully open state in the second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an opening stage in the second embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a closed state in the third embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a halfway stage of opening in the third embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a halfway stage of opening in the third embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Cargo Luggage 2 Gate Structure 3 Luggage Floor Floor 4 Back Door 5 Upper Back Door 6 Hinge 7 Gate 7a Gate Plate 7b Rib 8 Hinge 10 Balancer (Biasing Means) 12 Lever (Rotating Member) 14 Hinge 15 Pin 16, 26 rod 18, 28, 38 guide 20 bracket (engaging means) 22 bell crank (rotating member) 23 first arm 24 second arm 25 hinge 32 lever (rotating member) 33 link 34 wire 35 hinge 40 rail 42 Slide Hinge 44 Wire Guide 50 Pull Handle

Claims (5)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A door is formed by an upper door provided at an upper portion of a gate structure and a gate provided at a lower portion of the gate structure and opened and closed by rotating between a substantially upright position and a substantially horizontal position. A rotating member connected to the upper door via a link mechanism is supported on the gate structure, and a closing direction is defined between the gate structure and the upper door with a predetermined opening as a dead point. An urging means for exerting an urging force in the opening direction is provided, and the upper door is urged in the closing direction in the vicinity of the closed position. Engaging means for rotating the upper door by engaging the doors from the closed position to beyond the dead center is provided, and the gate engages with the rotating member when rotating in the closing direction. By rotating the member, the upper door is rotated in the closing direction beyond the dead point. An automatic door for a vehicle, which is characterized in that 2. The engaging means is a bracket provided at the free end of the upper door so as to overlap the free end of the gate when the door is closed from the outside. The vehicle automatic door according to claim 1, wherein the automatic door is configured to push open the bracket of the upper door at a free end. 3. The rotating member is a lever having one end hinged to the gate structure and the other end engageable with the gate, and the link mechanism has one end connected to the upper door. 3. The automatic door for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the other end is a connecting member connected to the lever. 4. The rotating member is a bell crank having a first arm and a second arm hinge-coupled to the gate structure and extending from the hinge portion, and a free end of the first arm engages with the gate. 3. The automatic door for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the link mechanism is a connecting member having one end coupled to the upper door and the other end coupled to the second arm. 5. The rotating member is a lever having one end hinged to the gate structure and the other end engageable with the gate, and the link mechanism has one end coupled to the lever. First
A link, a slide hinge that is vertically movable along a rail provided on the gate structure, and is coupled to the other end of the first link, and one end of the slide hinge is coupled to the slide hinge in the vertical direction. The second link that was made movable to
3. The automatic door for a vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a connecting member having one end connected to the other end of the second link and the other end connected to the upper door.