JPH068135A - Tool with smoothing roll head - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To achieve improved frictional rolling by a tool with a smoothing rolling head. CONSTITUTION: A support member 9 having a face 10 curved cylindrically to be concentric with a conical traveling track is supported on a bearing member 1 having an assigned cylindrical curved face rotatably and movably in the axial direction, and in that case, the support member 9 and the bearing member 1 are connected to each other through an entraining body. The entraining body comprises a groove 34 formed by at least one face curved like at least one assigned cylinder and passing at a non-self locking helix angle and at least one entraining body 32 which lockes in at least one groove to cooperate with at least one groove, wherein at the time of exceeding to the balancing turning torque at the support member 9 to the adjusting force 29, the support member is moved in the opposite direction to the direction of the adjusting force 29 in the axial direction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a tool having a smoothing rolling head for machining a surface of a workpiece having a jacket surface with a circular cross section.
A roller cage, which is rotatably held on a conical track of the support member by means of a roller cage, the support member on the one hand being connected directly or via other means to the tool receiver. Means are provided for generating an adjusting force and is associated with the supporting member for axially repositioning of at least one supporting member with respect to the rolling roller, wherein different repositioning of the supporting member is effected by the rolling roller. In a tool equipped with the smoothing and rolling head, which exerts a balanced radial position change.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Tools of this type are used for drilling cylindrical pipes and holes in arbitrary workpieces, as well as on the surfaces of shafts and shaft necks.
It is therefore also provided for the machining of cylindrical or slightly conical surfaces and thus surfaces with a jacket tube surface of circular cross section. German Patent Laid-Open Publication 2539294.3-1
4 published "Cylindrical Surface Finishing Machine". The tool is configured such that the rolling force exerted on the workpiece by the rolling roller is generated by the relative movement of the support cone with respect to the rolling roller. The tool diameter, or its exact diameter, is adjusted simultaneously during this movement and is achieved if the rolling rollers abut the workpiece and the rolling force is established. The tool diameter is adapted or adaptable to the respective workpiece diameter at the start of the machining process.

Nominal dimensions are set with tolerances for the pre-machining of the part of the workpiece machined by such a tool. A workpiece part machined to such a dimension will be dimensioned if the dimension obtained is within the nominal dimension tolerance. This dimension machined into the workpiece is the maximum or minimum dimension. The difference between the maximum dimension and the minimum dimension is important according to the preset tolerance magnitude. Such a dimensional difference is present in the machined workpiece part by a factor of one or several when the maximum and minimum dimensions are common. When such a workpiece is machined with the tool described at the outset, the adjustment of the rolling force and the tool diameter at the start takes place without problems. If, for example, in the maximum size of the hole the processing of the hole is started with the desired rolling force and the tool diameter is adjusted to this maximum size, the rolling force of the part of the hole with the small hole diameter will be undesirably high. This is because the conical rolling roller supported by the supporting member occupies the maximum size of the hole and cannot bend in the radial direction. The force difference between the actual rolling force and the rolling force by the fluidized medium cylinder exerts an additional force on the support cone via the rolling rollers, which force counteracts the adjusting force of the fluid cylinder and Again, its desired effect cannot be achieved due to the friction between the rolling rollers and the running paths of the support cones, as well as the hysteresis due to the successively movable components. Therefore, completely frictional rolling is not achieved. Furthermore, tools for the machining of cylindrical surfaces of shafts and shaft necks are known, in which the diameter is adjusted by the movement of a ring-shaped support cone on the shaft or the like relative to the rolling roller. With this tool, the same problems as described above occur.

The result is that the workpiece surface is smoothed unevenly with different rolling forces. Furthermore, the tools are unnecessarily heavily loaded and the rolling rollers, roller cages and support cones wear prematurely.

[0005]

The object of the present invention is to design a tool of the kind mentioned at the outset in such a way that an improved frictional rolling can be achieved.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the invention is to provide a support member with a cylindrically curved surface belonging to a support member with a cylindrically curved surface concentric with a conical running track. It is rotatably and axially movable,
The supporting member and the receiving member are in this case connected to one another via a driver, which is formed from at least one associated cylindrically curved surface and has a self-constraining twist angle on its longitudinal axis. It consists of an extending groove and at least one entrainment which engages in the at least one groove and cooperates with the at least one groove, the torsion direction of the groove and the conical inclination of the conical running track being relative to the adjusting force. This is solved by the fact that when the rotational torque in the counterbalanced support member is exceeded, the support member moves axially in the direction opposite to the direction of the adjusting force. The rolling rollers then have, in a manner known per se, of opposite inclination to the conical taper of the support member,
As a result, the rolling rollers leave line contact with the work piece or, likewise, pot-like surfaces known per se. The bowl-shaped surface is achieved by the cone angle of the rolling roller being smaller than the cone angle of the support member.

During the machining of the workpiece, the rolling rollers roll between the surface of the workpiece to be machined and the track of the support member and exert a rolling force on the workpiece. This rolling force balances the adjusting force (thrust) by which the support member is moved in the axial direction. Due to this conical running track, this axial movement causes the rolling roller to be pressed radially outward by a force corresponding to the adjusting force, taking into account the cone angle of the running track. The rolling force balances the adjusting force.

When the tool is driven with respect to the workpiece, a rotational torque, which balances the adjusting force, acts on the support member as well. If the rolling force is increased, for example because the diameter of the surface to be rolled is reduced in the case of holes, the required rotational torque is also increased. However, the adjusting force that works does not change. The support member, which is connected to the receiving member via the driver and is axially supported by the adjusting force, exerts a high rotational torque on the driver. This high rotational torque exerts a helical movement of the support member on the receiving member via the driver and causes the axial direction of the support member in the direction opposite to the direction of the adjusting force. Due to the axial movement of this support member with respect to the rolling roller, the rolling force is reduced again until a rolling force which is in balance with the adjusting force is achieved. Thus at the same time the tool is adapted to changes in the workpiece diameter.

The described course of movement of the individual tool parts can also take place in opposite directions. That is, in the case of the hole surface to be machined, the larger the diameter, the smaller the rolling force exerted by the adjusting force. The adjusting force causes the support member to move on the receiving member, the support member being moved in the manner described in a radial direction outwardly until the axial movement thus produced is again at the desired rolling force. The rotary movement is carried out in the manner described in the direction.

Hysteresis is reduced due to the transformation obtained by the spiral movement, so that the desired rolling force is retained with great accuracy. Furthermore, it is possible in this way to use, from an exact point of view, the inclination angle of the conical running track in the self-locking range. The adjusting force is thus kept very small in order to generate a predetermined rolling force, which on the one hand reduces hysteresis and allows the use of small components. The small forces exerted on the various transmission elements also take into account the slight wear of the tool in the areas of the component which are not directly involved in the rolling of the workpiece. The possibility of using a very small inclination angle of the conical running path of the support member and thus a correspondingly small cone angle of the rolling rollers is at the same time a minimum of unwanted relative movement or, more precisely, rolling. The sliding movement between the surface area of the roller and the conical running path of the support member is taken into account.

The carrier can be formed in various ways in the arrangement according to the invention without departing from the functional principle shown. It is possible to use a component consisting of a screw and a nut, the screw having a helix angle that is not self-locking (FIG. 4). However, the required screw can also be formed in the form of a spiral groove with a corresponding helix angle, whereby both associated components can be provided with such a spiral groove, while the other component forms the groove. A rigid entrainment is provided that fits inside. Instead of this rigid entrainment, it is also possible to provide the associated component with a groove that lies exactly opposite the groove and fill both grooves with rollers or balls, for example. In order to allow the required axial movement, both facing grooves must be made longer than the other grooves, and only the short grooves need to be filled with rollers or balls. However, instead of rollers or balls, the corresponding desired wires or similar components can also be used. Of course, it is also possible to provide more than one groove in one or each of the two associated components. The end cover plates prevent the used rollers or balls from disengaging. At the same time, an easy loading of this element is possible at the same time, which facilitates the assembly.

The tool can be configured as an inner working tool and an outer working tool without departing from the functional principle. In the first case the support member must be formed as a support mandrel, while in the second case the support member must be formed as a support ring. The support mandrel has an inner cylindrical surface, i.e. a hole that can be fitted onto a corresponding cylindrical portion of the shaft of the receiving member. If the support member is formed as a support ring, this support ring has a cylindrical outer surface, which is inserted into a corresponding receiving member formed as a sleeve, so that the support member is movable in this sleeve. Is.

The adjusting force necessary for the movement of the support member in all cases can be generated by a spring but also by a hydraulic cylinder. The spring, which is embodied as a coil spring, has a sufficiently smooth characteristic curve, so that the axial movement of the support member does not cause a great change in the spring force and thus the adjusting force. The actual axial movement of the support element thus produced is very small, so that the corresponding spring path and therefore the force change of the spring is very small.

Advantageous other configurations of the invention are described in the other claims.

The solution according to the invention consists in that the proposed construction enables the production of tools for the machining of small diameter holes.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The tool shown in FIG. 1 is provided as a tool for machining large diameter holes. The receiving member 1 is connected via a screw 3 to a so-called hollow rod 2 which does not belong to the tool. The hollow rod 2 is received by a machine tool (not shown).

The receiving member 1 is fixed to the bearing portion 4 by screws (not shown). The thrust bearing 5 is held and supported by the bearing member 4. The thrust bearing 5 is supported by a ring 6, and a roller cage 7 is fixed to the ring by a screw (not shown). The roller cage 7 has a conical rolling roller 8 that rolls on a conical running track 30 of the support member 9. The support member 9 is movably received by a receiving member on a cylindrically curved surface 10 formed as a hole, on a corresponding cylindrically curved surface 121. For this reason, the support member 9 is a disk 19
Are held by thrust bearings 11 and 12 with 20 and 20 and are connected by means of a hydraulic cylinder 15 with a cap 16 via a pressure member 14 to a bolt 17, which is fixed to the pressure member 14 and in a sleeve 18. It is fitted and supported against a spring 13 supported by an end member 21 fixed to the shaft 1 by a screw 22 and a spring key 23.

The fluid cylinder 15 has a receiving member 1 and a hollow rod 2 via an adapter 24 supporting the fluid cylinder 15.
Held between and clamped.

The machining process with such a tool is carried out as follows.

In the starting position as shown in FIG. 1, the tool is brought into contact with the work piece 25 by means of the rolling roller 8, whereby the work piece 25 and the tool rotate relatively in the machining direction. When the rolling roller 8 reaches and enters the workpiece hole at its leading edge, the fluid cylinder 15 is supplied with fluid under a specific pressure via the connection 27 and the piston rod 28 with the cap 16 is provided. Moves against the spring 13 under the adjusting force 29 set by the fluid cylinder 15.
At that time, the pressing member 14 together with the screw 17 has a sleeve 18,
The disk 20 provided with the thrust bearing 11 and the support member 9 are entrained. The support member 9 moves the conical rolling roller 8 radially inwardly towards the hole wall of the workpiece hole 26, whereby a specified rolling force acting on the hole wall is established. As soon as the rolling force is established, axial feed of the tool is introduced and the hole wall is machined by the rolling roller 8. This adjustment of the tool over the hole diameter of the workpiece hole 26 takes place independently of the pre-adjustment of the tool and directly on the workpiece. If the diameter of the workpiece hole is constant, the support cone remains in the adjusted axial position during the entire machining process. However, if the diameter of the workpiece hole 26 changes, the axial position of the support cone on the receiving member 1 changes. If the diameter of the workpiece hole is small, for example within a predetermined tolerance range, the rolling roller 8 is pressed strongly against the running track 30 of the support member 9 through a narrower hole than is provided. As a result, the friction between the rolling roller 8 and the running track 30 of the support member 9 and thus the rotational torque generated on the support member increases. The support member 9 is rotated by a large rotational torque on the receiving member 1 in the direction opposite to the tool rotation direction, and at the same time, one winding groove 33 in the shaft 1 on the one hand and in the support member 9 on the other hand. The entrainment body 32, which is embodied as a ball that is fitted in a ball 34, 34, is moved in the axial direction against the adjusting force 29. The support member 9 is then separated from the rolling roller 8 and the rolling force 31 decreases and the rolling force 31 decreases until it again balances the adjusting force 29. The spring 13 retains the contact between the thrust bearing 12 and the support member 9 via the disc 19 in this movement. In order to prevent the ball 32 from being disengaged, disks 35 and 36 are provided on both sides of the support member 9, and the disks are fixed to the support member 9. Groove 33 in receiving member 1
Is provided axially with a length such that axial movement of the support member 9 is possible in this groove without the stopper of the ball 32. As soon as the smoothing rolling head reaches the end of the workpiece hole to be machined, the fluid supply to the fluid cylinder is cut off and the fluid cylinder 15 is depressurized. The support member 9 is returned to its starting position by a spring 13 in the direction of the fluid cylinder 15 as shown in FIG.

When the machining process is started with a small diameter of the workpiece hole, the tool is adapted to this hole diameter by its diameter adjustment and the rolling force 31 is constructed in proportion to the predetermined adjusting force 29. If the diameter of the workpiece hole 26 is increased in the middle of the length of the workpiece hole 26, automatic adaptation of the tool to the new diameter takes place without the rolling force being changed into an unacceptable range. The increased work hole 26 reduces the rolling force 31 and thereby reduces the friction between the rolling roller 8 and the support member 9. As a result, the rotational torque generated in the support member is smaller than before and does not balance the adjusting force 29. The adjusting force 29 causes the support member 9 on the receiving member 1 to move to the spring 13
Until the balance between the adjusting force 29 and the rolling force 31 of the rolling roller 8 is obtained. This moving motion is caused by the entrainment member and the supporting member 9 on the receiving member 1
Is introduced by a corresponding rotary movement of.

At the beginning of the machining process, the movement for holding the desired rolling force is small relative to the movement for adjusting the tool diameter to the diameter of the workpiece hole 26.

The tool shown in FIG. 2 differs from the tool according to FIG. 1 in that a smoothing and rolling head is provided with a black scale removing head 37. The black skin removing head 37 is fixed to the receiving member 1 by screws 22 and spring keys 23 instead of the end members 21. With this tool, the holes of the cylindrical tube can be blackened to a predetermined size and rolled by the smoothing rolling head 38 in the same machining step. The combination of a smoothing rolling head and a blackening head is known in the state of the art. The black scale removal 39 is stored in a black scale removal cutter holder 40, for example, in a radial direction in a floating manner and is adjusted to a predetermined processing diameter outside the black scale removal head 37. The inner diameter of the blank cylindrical tube 41 has a size before a predetermined working diameter is obtained by the black skin removing process. The machining process with this tool is performed as follows.

The cylindrical tube 41 and the tool are on a machine tool (not shown), and the tool and the cylindrical tube 41 are rotated relative to each other. The tool is fed into the hole of the cylindrical tube in the axial direction until the black skin removing cutter 39 starts cutting with the cylindrical tube. The black skin removal cutter 39 forms the diameter of the workpiece hole required for the rolling process. As soon as the rolling roller 8 reaches the leading edge 42 of the cylindrical tube and enters the workpiece hole 26, the fluid cylinder 1
5 is a piston rod 2 which is energized with fluid under the pressure specified by the connection 27 and which has a cap 16
8 is moved against a spring 13 under a specified adjusting force 29 constituted by a fluid cylinder 15. In the moving process, another rolling process is performed in the same manner as in the case of the tool according to FIG.

The point in time when the fluid cylinder is energized by the fluid is specified by the machine control of the machine tool.

The tool according to FIG. 3 is similar to the tool according to FIG. 2, except for a few structural differences. Similarly, a black skin removing head 37 is attached to the smoothing and rolling head. The black skin removing head 37 is fixed to the receiving member 43 by the screw 22 and the spring key 23. This tool, like the tool according to FIG. 2, is provided for cutting holes and at the same time rolling. The receiving member 43 is connected to the hollow rod 2 via the screw 3. The hollow rod 2 is received by a machine tool (not shown). The receiving member 43 is fixed to the bearing member 4 with a screw (not shown). The thrust bearing 5 is held and supported by the bearing member 4.
The thrust bearing 5 is further supported by a ring 49 for fixing the roller cage 44 by screws (not shown). The bearing member 4 is rotatably connected to the ring 49 and the ring 49 via a portion (not shown).

The roller cage 44 is a conical rolling roller 4
5, the rolling roller rolls on a conical running track 59 of the support member 46. The support member 46 is movably accommodated by the receiving member 43 on the corresponding cylindrically curved surface 122 in the cylindrically curved surface 47 formed as a hole. Unlike the tool according to FIG. 2, a support member 46 with a large diameter is arranged facing the black skin removal head 37. On the other hand, the support member 46 includes the disks 19 and 2
Is held on the receiving member 43 by means of thrust bearings 11 and 12 with zero and the fluid cylinder 56 and the receiving member 4
3 and held in the direction of the adjusting force 51 against the spring 52 by means of a pull rod 48 which is guided by a piston rod 57 of a fluid cylinder 56 and connected by a sleeve 50. The fluid cylinder 56 is the adapter 24
Supported by. The adapter 24 is clamped and fixed between the hollow rod 2 and the receiving member 43. The pin 53 accommodated by the pull rod 48 penetrates the receiving member 43, and the receiving member 43 has a slit 62 at this position.
And transmits an adjusting force 51 onto the support member 46 via the disc 19 and the thrust bearing 12, the support member 46 being in a direction opposite to the direction of the adjusting force 51 indicated by the tire tip 55 due to the large diameter of the running track 39. Oriented and spring 52
By sleeve, disk 20 and thrust bearing 11
Supported through.

The process of machining with this tool is similar to that of the tool according to FIG. The descaling cutter of the descaling head 37, which is adjusted to the set hole diameter and is free to move laterally, penetrates into the workpiece which is the cylindrical tube 41 accordingly.
As a result, when the rolling roller 45 reaches the leading edge of the cylindrical tube 41 and enters the workpiece hole, the fluid cylinder 56 is urged and fixed with the fluid under the specified pressure through the connection 58. The piston rod 57 with the pull rod 48 has a pin 53, a disc 19 and a thrust bearing 1.
An adjusting force 51 acts on the support member 46 in the direction indicated by the tire tip 55 via 2. The support member 46 is displaced against the force of the spring 52, whereby the support member simultaneously carries out a rotational movement for the entrainment on the receiving member 43 and the conical piston rod 45 is moved radially outwards. To the hole wall of the workpiece hole 26, a specified rolling force 31 acting on the hole wall being formed. The adjustment of the smoothing rolling head 38 onto the hole wall of the workpiece hole 26 is likewise independent of any tool preconditioning and takes place directly on the workpiece. When the diameter of the workpiece hole 26 formed by the black skin removing cutter 39 is constant, the support member 46 is
Remains in the adjusted axial position during the entire machining process. However, when the diameter of the workpiece hole 26 changes, the axial position of the support member 46 on the receiving member 43 also changes. When the diameter of the workpiece hole 26 is small, the piston rod 45 is strongly pressed through the narrow hole toward the running track 59 of the support member 46. Piston rod 4
The pre-specified rotational torque on the support member is also increased by the friction between 5 and the support member 46 and thus the specified rolling force 31 which is specified by the adjusting force 51 and which balances the adjusting force.

The support member 46 is rotated in the direction opposite to the tool rotation direction by the large rotational torque on the receiving member 43 and at the same time is formed as a ball, while the receiving member 4
3 and, on the other hand, the support member 46 with one corner of the winding groove 6
The entrainment body 32 fitted in 0, 61 is moved in the axial direction in the direction of the black skin removing head 37 against the adjusting force 51. Thereby the rolling force 31 is reduced, i.e. until the rolling force 31 again balances the adjusting force 51. The spring 52 holds the contact between the thrust bearing 11 and the support member 46 in this movement. The ball 32 is prevented from being disengaged by the disks 35 and 36 as in the tool shown in FIG. The tool responds to all other machining situations in the same way as the tool according to FIG.

The tool according to FIGS. 2 and 3 is represented by a descaling head with a rigid descaling cutter. However, it is also possible for the black skin removal head to be equipped with a retractable black skin removal cutter. Such a descaling head has been known and proven for a long time. The tool according to FIG. 3 can, like the tool according to FIG. 1, be formed without a descaling head and only for rolling.

The tool according to FIG. 4 is a smoothing rolling tool for the machining of holes with small and medium diameters. The support member 63 is connected to the shaft 65 via screws 64. The shaft 65 has a screw 66 that does not bind itself to its thin end.
And is held by the tool receiving portion 67 on the nut provided on the receiving member 120. The receiving member 120 is connected to the tool receiving portion 67. The spring 68, which is supported on both sides by the tool receiving portion 67 and the thrust bearing 69 supported on the shaft 65, holds the support member 63 in its starting position, as shown in FIG. The spring 68 is pretensioned and the shaft 65 is held against the pretension of the spring 68 by a stopper screw 70 utilizing the nut of the receiving member 120 as a stopper. The diameter adjustment of this tool is done manually, during which the sleeve 71 rotates axially against the force of the spring 73 by the smoothing and rolling head 72 so that the cam 74 is rotated by the cam 85 in the groove 86 outside the receiving member 120. It is separated until it is pulled out from the groove 75 of the disk 76 which is held improperly. When the sleeve 71 is rotated, a nut 77, which is operatively connected to the external thread 78 of the receiving member 120 and which also has a groove 87, is entrained by the cam 74 and adjusted axially. After such adjustment, the sleeve 71 is returned and the cam 74 is engaged in another groove 75 provided around the disk 76. The thrust bearing 81, bushing 82, disc 76, nut 77 and sleeve 71 are held together by a spring 73 that abuts the ring 79. Depending on the direction of rotation of the sleeve 71, the working diameter of the tool is enlarged or reduced or the roller cage 88 holding the conical piston rod 83 on the running track 84 of the support member 63 is fed in the corresponding direction. During processing and use, the tool is received by a tool receiving portion 67 of a machine tool (not shown). The tool receiver 67 is formed as a cylindrical shaft but can be conical or otherwise suitable. Due to the machining of the workpiece holes, the tool diameter is adjusted to be larger than the maximum workpiece diameter allowed.

When the workpiece hole is machined by the tool thus adjusted, the piston rod 83 first contacts the hole opening at its rounded leading edge 89. At that time, the support member 6
A radial force received by 3 is produced on the piston rod. Piston rod 8 rolling on support member 63
3 and the running track 84 of the support member 63 generate friction,
The friction produces a rotational torque on the support member in a direction opposite to the relative rotational direction of the tool. The support sleeve 63 and the shaft 65 fixed thereto are rotated in the direction opposite to the relative rotation direction. The screw of the shaft 65 is received by the nut of the receiving member 120 and is axially displaced against the force of the spring 68 which is twisted in the nut and at the same time exerts an adjusting force 90. The support member 63 is moved axially, which results in a change of the radial position of the piston rod 83 and the manually adjusted tool diameter is adjusted while the rolling roller 83 is entering the workpiece hole. . When the workpiece hole is machined with the tool diameter so adjusted, the position of the rolling roller remains constant as long as the diameter change of the workpiece hole does not occur. The rolling force is then determined by the force of the spring 68 which balances the rolling force. The rolling force increases as the diameter of the workpiece hole decreases. As a result, the friction between the rolling roller 83 and the running track 84 of the support member 63, and thus the rotational torque acting on the support member 63, increases. The support member 63 rotates in the direction opposite to the relative rotation direction of the tool and is also supported by the support member 63 on the shaft 65. Shaft 6
5 is rotated with respect to the tool receiving portion 67 having the receiving member 120. The shaft 65, which is received by the nut of the receiving member 120 by its screw, changes its axial position during rotation, that is, the support member 63 along with its running track 84 changes its axial position, thereby rolling roller 83.
Away from each other in the radial direction, the rolling roller then naturally immediately follows the separated surface in the radial direction. Screw 6
6 has a corresponding twist direction. The force of the spring 68 is increased by the compression of the spring and thus the rolling force of the rolling roller 83. The selection of the flat spring characteristic curve makes it possible in particular for the support member 6
The small movement of 3 keeps it within acceptable limits.

However, if the diameter of the workpiece hole becomes larger than the diameter at the start of processing, the rolling force exerted by the rolling roller 83 decreases. The adjusting force 90 of the spring 68 is effective and causes the shaft 65, together with the support member 63 fixed thereto, to move in the direction of the adjusting force 90 against the rolling roller 83 and thereby to bend into the sleeve cylinder of the rolling roller 83. The surface and hence the rolling force are increased. During this movement, the shaft 65 is rotated by the nut of the receiving member 120.

A tool for machining a shaft and a shaft neck will be described in detail from FIG. A ring-shaped nut 92 is connected to a receiving member 91 having a screw 92 at one end thereof. In addition to this nut 93, there is a screw ring 94, which is likewise accommodated by the screw 92 of the tool receiving part 91. A receiving member 95 for the screw ring 94 is rotatably but immovably fixed to the screw ring 94 by an unillustrated means. A ring-shaped support member 97 is housed in the hole 96 on its outer cylindrically curved surface 98 by means of a receiving member 95 having a cylindrically curved surface 96 formed as a hole.
The receiving member 95 has a ring portion 99 at the end of the hole. The ring portion 99 is provided with a groove 100, and the spring key 101 is engaged in the groove. The spring key 101 has a pin 102
And the pin locks the spring key 101 in the hole 103. Additionally, this spring key 101 is received by another groove 104, which is in the tool receiving part 91.
The spring key 1 is provided between the tool receiving portion 91 and the receiving member 95.
By 01, rotation entrainment is performed.

The tool receiving portion 91 is bored in the axial direction and has a thrust bearing 105. A ring 106 fixed to a roller cage 107 is supported on the thrust bearing 105 and also supports a spring 108. Spring 1
On the other hand, 08 is supported by the support member 97. The support member itself is held by the retaining ring 109 against the force of the springs 108 and 110 in the receiving member 95. Support member 97
A spring 110 disposed between the ring bearing 106 and the ring 106 pushes the ring 106 axially against the thrust bearing 105 by the roller cage 107. The support member 97 has a conical hole formed as a running track 111 for a conical rolling roller 112. The support member 97 is rotatably and axially movably supported in the receiving member 95. The entrainment 113, which is formed as a ball and is fitted in the oppositely wound winding grooves 114 and 115, acts like a thread when the support member 97 is pivoted in the receiving member 95. When the support member 97 is pivoted in the receiving member 95, for example clockwise, the support member 97 simultaneously moves against the forces of the springs 108 and 110. The ball 113 then has rings 118 and 119.
The engagement / disengagement is prevented by the ring, and the ring is fixed to the support member 97. The tool is clamped in its tool receiving part on the drive unit for execution of the machining instructions. This drive unit is not shown and can also be a suitable machine tool. However, it is also possible to drive the workpiece in rotation and to receive and support only the tool.

Adjustment of the tool to the working diameter is carried out as follows. The nut 93 is loosened so that the threaded ring 94 is free to rotate. The retaining ring 94 is rotated with respect to the tool receiver 91 until the desired machining or tool diameter is adjusted. The screw ring 94 is fixed by the nut 93 and is prevented in this way from unintentional movement. The tool diameter is adjusted to be somewhat smaller than the workpiece diameter for machining the workpiece.

The processing steps are performed as follows.

The tool and the work piece rotate relative to each other. The workpiece 116 is fed to the tool and the rolling roller contacts the workpiece 116 at its rounded leading edge and the rolling force consists of the rolling roller 112. This rolling force presses the rolling roller 112 toward the running track 111 of the support member 97, and friction between the rolling roller 112 and the running track 111 exerts a rotational torque on the support member 97.
This rotation torque rotates the support member 97 in the receiving member 95. At the same time, the support member 97 is moved against the force of the springs 110 and 108 by the balls 113, which serve as entrainers. The support member 97 is separated from the rolling roller 112 in the radial direction together with the traveling track 111. The rolling rollers follow this movement, which increases the tool diameter. This increase in tool diameter occurs until the rolling roller 112 orients and abuts the outer surface of the workpiece. The force of springs 110 and 108 produces the rolling force of rolling roller 112. However, as the tool diameter increases in the course of machining, the rolling force increases and the tool mechanism reacts in the same way as when it started. However, as the tool diameter decreases, the support ring 97 causes the springs 110 and 10 to
The force of 8 moves in the direction of the retaining ring 109, so that the rolling roller 112 immediately follows the outer surface of the workpiece 116.

[0039]

During the machining of the workpiece, the rolling rollers roll between the surface of the workpiece to be machined and the track of the support member and exert a rolling force on the workpiece. This rolling force balances the adjusting force (thrust) by which the support member is moved in the axial direction. Due to this conical running track, this axial movement causes the rolling roller to be pressed radially outward by a force corresponding to the adjusting force, taking into account the cone angle of the running track. The rolling force balances the adjusting force. As a result, a suitable smoothing rolling is always achieved with a predetermined adjusting force.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tool with a smoothing rolling head for holes.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tool in which a smoothing rolling head and a black scale removing head are combined, particularly for machining a cylindrical tube.

3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tool similar to FIG.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tool for a small diameter hole.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tool for machining a shaft and a shaft neck.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1,43,95,120 Receiving part 2,67,91 Tool receiving part 7,44,107,88 Roller cage 8,45,112,83 Rolling roller 9,46,97,63 Supporting member 10,98,47 Cylinder Curved surface 15, 56, 108, 68 means for generating adjusting force 25, 116 workpiece 29, 51, 90 adjusting force 30, 59, 111, 84 traveling track 32, 113 entrainer 34, 33; 60, 61; 115,114 Receiving part 122,121,98 Cylindrically curved surface

Claims (14)

[Claims] 1. A tool with a smoothing rolling head for the machining of the surface of a workpiece (25, 116) with a jacket surface of circular cross section, the smoothing rolling head comprising at least three conical rolling rollers. (8, 45, 112, 83) and the rollers are roller cages (7, 44, 107, 8).
8) is rotatably held on the conical track (30, 59, 111, 84) of the support member (9, 46, 97, 63), which on the one hand is direct or by other means (15). , 56, 108, 68) and the tool receiving part (2, 67, 91) via the adjusting force (2
9, 51, 90) to generate (15, 56,
108, 68) and the rolling rollers (8,
45, 112, 83) for changing the axial position of at least one support member (9, 46, 97, 63) with respect to the support member (9, 46, 97, 63). In the tool equipped with the smoothing rolling head for effecting the balanced radial position change of the rolling rollers, the different position changes of the concentric rolling track (30, 59, 111, 84) are concentric with each other. The support member (9, 46, 97, 63) with the cylindrically curved surface (10, 98, 47) is the receiving member (1 with the associated cylindrically curved surface (122, 121, 98). , 43, 95, 120) rotatably and movably in the axial direction, in which case the support member (9, 46, 97, 63) and the receiving member (1, 43, 9) are supported.
5, 120) are connected to each other by means of an entrainment, the entrainment being formed from at least one associated cylindrically curved surface and extending with respect to its longitudinal axis at an unconstrained helix angle. Existing grooves (34,33; 60,6)
1; 115,114) and the entrainment (32,113) engaged in the at least one groove and cooperating with the at least one groove.
And the conical inclination of the conical running path is greater than the rotational torque of the supporting member (9, 46, 97, 63) that balances the adjusting force (29, 51, 90). The support member has an adjustment force (29, 51,
90) A tool with a smoothing rolling head, characterized in that it moves in the opposite direction. 2. The smoothing rolling head according to claim 1, wherein the groove and the entrainer are formed as screw bolts and nuts, the threads and the valleys forming a cylindrically curved surface. tool. 3. A surface (10, 47, 9) curved in both cylindrical shapes.
8; 121,122,98) has at least one groove (3
3, 60, 114; 34, 61, 115), whereby the groove lies opposite the groove of the other cylindrically curved surface and at least 1 in the free space between the oppositely located grooves. A tool with a smoothing rolling head according to claim 1, wherein one driver is inserted as a driver (32, 113) with a cross-section larger than one cross-section of the groove. 4. One of the grooves (34, 61) is filled with an entrainer and the other of the grooves (33, 60) is movable in the desired axial direction of the support member (9, 46) relative to said groove in the axial direction. A tool with a smoothing rolling head according to claim 3, which is long by an amount. 5. A groove provided on a cylindrically curved surface,
At least one that fits in the groove and is fixed to other components
Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that one projection is provided as an entrainment (32, 113). 6. The support member (9, 46, 63) is formed as a support mandrel with an external conical track (30, 59, 84). Tool equipped with the smoothing rolling head. 7. A support member (9, 46) has a cylindrical hole as a cylindrically curved surface (10, 47), while a corresponding cylindrically curved surface of the receiving member (1, 43). Tool according to claim 6, characterized in that it is formed as a shaft on which the support member (9, 46) is fitted. 8. The support member (97) is formed as a support ring with an inner conical running track (111).
A tool comprising a smoothing and rolling head according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 9. The support member (97) has a cylindrical outer surface as a cylindrically curved surface (98), the one-sided receiving member (9).
Tool according to claim 8, wherein the associated cylindrically curved surface (96) of 5) is formed as a sleeve into which the support member (97) is inserted. 10. Grooves (33, 60, 114; 34, 6)
The gradient of 1,115) is 70 ° -84 °.
Or the tool according to any one of claims 3 to 9. 11. At least one spring (68, 52, 108, 110) is provided for the generation of the adjusting force, the spring on the one hand being a fixed counter-bearing (120, 43, 1).
05, 106) and on the other hand a support member (97) or another part (65; 18, 20) movably connected to the support member (63, 46).
Tool according to any one of the above. 12. A fluid cylinder (1) for generating an adjusting force.
5, 56), which are moved on the one hand to a fixed counter-bearing (24) and on the other hand with a counter-bearing to a movable part (28, 57) or to a support member (9, 46). The other part (1
6, 14, 17, 18, 20, 11; 50, 48, 5
Tool according to any one of claims 1 to 10, which is supported by 3, 19, 12). 13. A tool according to claim 2, wherein a nut is formed on the receiving member (20) and a bolt is formed on the shaft (65), the shaft being connected to the support member (63). 14. A receiving member (120) and a supporting member (63).
A coil spring (68) extending axially between and
Tool according to claim 13, wherein a force is exerted on both parts from the coil spring (68) in opposite axial directions.