JPH0680508A - Method for exterminating insect pest and insect pest exterminating material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a method for exterminating insect pests in which the insect pests have no resistance due to its use with hardly any fear of unfavorable influences on humans and animals other than the insect pests and environmental pollution and the insect pests can surely be exterminated for a long period and an insect pest exterminating material. CONSTITUTION:The objective method for exterminating insect pests is to apply insect pest exterminating materials 41, 42 and 43, composed of a solid substance and having a smaller particle diameter than the interval dimensions (P) of body hair 3 of each insect pest 1 to the skin 2 of the insect pest 1 and prevent gaseous carbon dioxide from discharging from the skin 2 of the insect pest 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling harmful insects and a harmful insect controlling material used in the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Termites, clawed mites, etc.,
When controlling pests, it is common to use chemical insecticides.For example, for the purpose of controlling termites and mites, chemical insecticides with strong acute toxicity such as organophosphorus drugs and pyrethroid drugs are used. Widely used.

[0003]

By the way, chemical insecticides of this kind are intended to exterminate harmful insects by the chemical effects of their chemical components, but their chemical components often have an adverse effect on humans and animals. There is also concern about environmental pollution caused by the spraying of highly toxic chemical substances.

With the use of chemical insecticides, pests are gradually provided with insecticide resistance (resistance), and the initially effective chemical insecticide eventually loses its effect as an insecticide. Happens.

The present invention has been made on the basis of such a background, and there is little risk of adverse effects on humans and animals other than harmful insects and environmental pollution, and the harmful insects do not have resistance associated with use.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a pest control method and a pest control material that can surely control pests over a long period of time.

[0006]

In order to achieve this object, the invention according to claim 1 is a powdery solid substance having a particle size smaller than the distance between the hairs of the pests to be exterminated.
It is a method for exterminating insect pests which is characterized in that it is attached to the body surface of the insect pest to prevent carbon dioxide emission from the body surface of the insect pest.

[0007]

Action: An animal containing a pest performs a respiratory action by taking in oxygen into the body and discharging carbon dioxide to the outside of the body, and carbon dioxide in an insect containing a pest is generally discharged through the skin.

Therefore, if the powdery solid matter is adhered to the body surface of the pest, the emission of carbon dioxide gas from the body surface of the pest can be prevented.

In view of the fact that body hair of an insect pest generally exists on the body surface, and this body hair may hinder the adhesion of the solid matter to the body surface, the solid matter according to the invention of claim 1 As a particle size smaller than the distance dimension of the body hair of the insect pest to be exterminated, by increasing the probability that the solid matter widely adheres to the body surface of the insect pest, exterminating effect of killing the insect pest by impairing the respiratory function of the insect pest. Exert.

Therefore, according to the method for controlling pests according to claim 1, it is possible to surely control the pests by the powdery solid matter, and this pesticidal action is performed by the physical properties of the powdery solid matter. Since it is different from chemical pesticide, it is not necessary to use chemical substances with strong acute toxicity as in the past.

Therefore, there is no risk of harmful effects on humans and animals and environmental pollution due to the extermination of insect pests, and since the insect pests are not chemical insecticides, the insect pests are not gradually provided with resistance, and the insect pests can be exterminated reliably over a long period of time. can do.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the following, first, the pest control mechanism basically expected in the present application will be described with reference to the schematic plan view of the body surface of the pest shown in FIG. 1, and then the pest control method and the pest control material of Examples will be described. Will be explained.

First, the pest control mechanism basically expected in the present application is as follows.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a pest, 2 is the skin on the body surface of the pest, 3 is the hair of the pest, 41, 4
2, 43 and 44 are pest control materials made of solid matter.

The pest 1 takes in oxygen into the body through the stigma (not shown) or the skin 2, and discharges carbon dioxide to the outside of the body directly through the skin 2.

A plurality of body hairs 3 are formed on the skin 2 which discharges carbon dioxide gas in a scattered manner.

The body hairs 3 are formed at predetermined positions according to the type of the pests 1, and the distance between the body hairs 3 is different. However, in consideration of various pests. If it is standardized as a standard, the arrangement of the body hairs 3 on the skin 2 of the pest 1 is as shown in FIG. 1, and the spacing dimension P of each body hair 3 is assumed to be uniform for simplification of the following description.

The pest control materials 41, 42, 43, 44
In reality, of course, there are various shapes, but in order to simplify the explanation of the mechanism below, they are shown as circles in the drawings, and they are different only in their particle size.

The skin 2 on which the hair 3 is thus formed
The state of adhesion of the pest control materials 41, 42, 43, 44 on the top is as follows.

That is, the pest control material 41 has a particle size D
₁ is slightly smaller than the space dimension P of the body hair 3, but is almost the same.

Therefore, the pest control material 41 can reach the skin 2 of the pest 1 through the gap between the body hairs 3.

Then, the pest control material 41 that has reached the skin 2 of the pest 1 adheres to the skin 2 due to lipids and water on the skin 2.

As a result, the part of the skin 2 located below the pest control material 41 is prevented from discharging carbon dioxide from its surface. In the case of a harmful insect that takes in oxygen from the skin 2, the harmful insect exterminating material 41 also prevents the intake of oxygen from the skin 2 at the site at the same time.

The pest control material 42 has a particle diameter D ₂ smaller than that of the pest control material 41, and the pest control material 43 has a particle diameter smaller than the particle diameter D ₂ of the pest control material 42.

The pest control materials 42 and 43 having a smaller particle size than the pest control material 41 can reach the skin 2 of the pest 1 without being obstructed by the body hair 3 as apparent from FIG. The same as the pest control material 41, the skin 2
It adheres to the top and interferes with the carbon dioxide emission of the pest 1.

The pest control material 44 is a comparative example in this example, and its particle diameter D ₄ is larger than the interval dimension P of the body hairs 3. As is apparent from FIG. 1, the pest control material 44 having such a particle size will prevent any of the body hairs 3 from adhering to the pest control material 41, 42, 43 from the skin 2 of the pest 1 as described above. It is not possible to prevent the carbon dioxide emission effect of the above.

When the attachment of the pest control materials 41, 42, 43 impedes the discharge of carbon dioxide gas from the skin 2 in that portion, the respiratory action of the pest 1 depends on the area of the attached portion. If the function deteriorates and the area of that part exceeds the allowable range, respiratory failure will occur, and eventually the pest 1 will die.

Therefore, when pests are exterminated using such pesticidal material, it is extremely important to enlarge the area where the pesticidal materials 41, 42, 43 adhere to the skin 2.

In the pest control method of the present invention, the particle size of the pest control material is appropriately selected according to the pest,
The attached area is enlarged, and the purpose of exterminating pests is achieved.

The advantage of the pest control mechanism is that, unlike the conventional pesticides using chemical pesticides, the pests can be exterminated without evaporating highly acutely toxic chemical substances into the space where the pests should be exterminated at a high concentration. Due to this, it is possible to avoid the influence of chemical pesticides on humans and livestock and environmental pollution, and the pests do not gradually become resistant, and because it is carried out by the physical properties of powdery solids, it can be done for a long time. That is, the pests can be eradicated with certainty.

Next, a demonstration test of the pest control mechanism will be described.

In this verification test, a petri dish was covered with a piece of paper, and
The pest control material is spread evenly on this paper, and 10 pests are placed in a petri dish in this state to observe the pest activity state over time.

In the demonstration test described below, a termite worker is used as a pest, and in this case, the distance P between the body hairs is about 63 μm.

Clay, which is a clay mineral, is used as the pest control material, and the clay is "OS Clay" (trade name) manufactured by Maruo Calcium Co., Ltd., and the particle size is 44 μm or less. The particle size distribution is extremely fine as a whole as shown in FIG.

Therefore, in this pest control material, the total particle size is smaller than the interval size P of the body hairs of the termite termite workers, and it is an active ingredient for the termite termite worker ants. It is equivalent.

The petri dish used in this verification test was
The diameter is 9 cm, and the pest control material is 0.64 g (100 g / m
It corresponds to the state in which the pest control material is sprayed at a ratio of ² ).

The observation results are as follows.

After 1 hour has elapsed from the introduction of termites into a petri dish in which clay was placed as a pest control material,
Two of the 10 termites that were thrown in were dead, and the remaining eight had their antennae and legs flapping.

Two hours after the introduction of the termites, 7 termites had already died, and the remaining 3 termites only moved their antennae slightly.

After 3 hours from the addition of termites, the remaining 3
The animals were also dead, and the death of all 10 termites placed in the petri dish was confirmed.

After that, when the termites that died in this way were observed under a microscope, the powdery pest control material was found to have adhered to the skin on the body surface of the termites.

Among the above observation results, in particular, the termites died 2 hours after the termites were introduced, and a large amount of the powdered pest control material adhered to the body surface of the dead termites. Considering this, it can be presumed that these termites died of so-called respiratory failure due to the inhibition of carbon dioxide emission from the skin 2, and it is considered that the pest control mechanism was verified. .

As described above, the pest control mechanism demonstrated by clay as a powdery solid substance as a pest control material against termites as pests has the above-mentioned interval P of the body hair 3 of the pest 1 as described above. Since it is physically established in relation to the particle diameter of the powdery solid substance which is a pest control material, it can be applied in the following range.

That is, this pest control mechanism is premised on that the pest 1 discharges carbon dioxide gas from the skin 2 and has the body hair 3, and if the pest satisfies these conditions. For example, the pest control method of the present invention can be carried out.

The pests that can be used for the pest control method of the present invention include, for example, not only other termites and house mites such as phytoseiid mites, dust mites, mites and cockroaches, but also mosquitoes, flies and fleas. Genus, louse, flat beetle, beetle, black beetle moth, sawtooth flat beetle, stag beetle, weevils, azuki bean weevils, stag beetles, beetles, beetles, moths, chironomids, butterflies,
Stink bugs, flies, ticks, sand flies, scabbards, plant hoppers, leafhoppers, leafhoppers, white-spotted moths, white-spotted moths, scabbards, scale insects,
They include spider mites, aphids, diamondback moth, weevil, weevil, weevil, beetle, beetles, scarab beetles, striated beetles, and grasshoppers.

Among the above-mentioned pests, the house mites dust mites and mites mite have no stigmas and take in oxygen from the skin 2. Therefore, according to the pest control method of the present invention, Not only the emission of carbon dioxide gas but also the uptake of oxygen can be inhibited, and there is an advantage that these pests can be surely exterminated.

When the above-mentioned pests different from termites are targeted, as is clear from the above-mentioned pest control mechanism, the active ingredient of the pest control material is determined according to the distance P between the hairs of the target pests. It is preferable to adjust the particle size distribution of the pest control material to be used appropriately because the particle size of the pest control material to be used will be determined. It is efficient to separate only those with a small particle size and use this as a pest control material.

For example, when the house tick mites, the ticks, are to be exterminated, the distance between the hairs is approximately 30 μm.

Using the above-mentioned pest control material (with a particle size distribution shown in FIG. 2) made of clay and used for termites as a target for such tick mites, approximately 95% by weight% reaches the skin of the tick mites. Although it functions as a possible active ingredient, the remaining a little less than 5% corresponds to the pest control material 44 and does not function as a pest control material and is wasted.

Therefore, for example, when the particle size distribution of the pest control material used is large, the pest body hair 3
If the particle size distribution of the pest control material is adjusted to one with a large number of fine particles by excluding those with a particle size larger than 30 μm, that is, the interval dimension P of, the waste of the pest control material to be used is reduced, and the pest control is eliminated. Since the probability that the material will adhere to the skin of the tick mite increases, the pest control effect becomes more remarkable.

In this pest control mechanism, the pest control material is not expected to have a chemical action, and the physical properties as a solid are utilized as described above, so various powdery solid substances are used. However, as described above, the particle size of the powdery solid is an extremely important factor.

Therefore, as a pest control material, it is important for industrial mass production to obtain a powdery solid substance having a particle size as described above.

From this point of view, solids preferable as pest control materials include clay minerals such as clay, bentonite, talc, and sepiolite described above, substances composed of siliceous sedimentary rocks such as diatomaceous earth, and volcanic ash deposits such as shirasu. , Or calcium carbonate, fly ash, etc.

A demonstrative test carried out as a representative example of the above solid matter as a pest control material will be described below. This demonstrative test is carried out in accordance with the proof test with the clay, and only the pest control material is changed to the solid matter. It was done.

Next, the case of using bentonite as a pest control material will be explained. The bentonite is "Hodaka Inyojun bentonite" (trade name) manufactured by Toyonyo Yoko Co., Ltd., and its particle size is approximately 40 μm or less. The particle size distribution is extremely fine as a whole as shown in FIG.

Therefore, this bentonite corresponds only to the pest control materials 41, 42 and 43 as an active ingredient for the termite termite ants, and mainly functions as the pest control materials 42 and 43.

The observation results of the proof test conducted using such bentonite as a pest control material are as follows.

One hour after the termites were placed in a petri dish in which bentonite was placed as a pest control material, all of the 10 termites that had been placed survived with the pest control material attached to the body. , 9 fluttered their legs and the other one was moving around.

Two hours after the introduction of the termites, 3 termites had already died, and the remaining 6 termites were moving their antennae and legs, and one was moving around.

After 3 hours from the addition of termites, the remaining 7
The animals were also dead, and the death of all 10 termites placed in the petri dish was confirmed.

Thereafter, when the termites that died in this way were observed with a microscope, it was the same as above that the powdery pest control material was attached to the body surface of the termites.

Next, the case where sepiolite is used as a pest control material will be described. This sepiolite is "Miracle clay P-80V" (trade name) manufactured by Omi Mining Co., Ltd.,
The particle size distribution is as shown in FIG.

Therefore, in this sepiolite, the pest control materials 41, 42 and 43 corresponding to the termite termite ant as an active ingredient correspond to the pest control material 44 in a weight percentage of less than 50%. Is 50% by weight
% Is high.

The observation results of the verification test conducted using such sepiolite as a pest control material are as follows.

One hour after the termites were put into a petri dish on which sepiolite was placed as a pest control material, all of the 10 termites that had been added survived with the pest control material attached to the body. , 5 of them were moving around, and the remaining 5 had their antennae and legs jerk.

Two hours after the introduction of the termites, the death of all the ten termites introduced was confirmed.

When the termites that died in this way were observed with a microscope, it was the same as above that the powdery pest control material was attached to the body surface of the termites.

Next, the case of using talc as a pest control material will be described. The talc is "3S talc" (trade name) manufactured by Maruo Calcium Co., Ltd.
The particle size distribution is 50 μm or less, and the particle size distribution is extremely fine as a whole as shown in FIG.

Therefore, with this talc, the pest control material 41 as an active ingredient against the termite worker ant,
The substances corresponding to 42 and 43 are 100% by weight, and most of them can function as the pest control materials 42 and 43.

The observation results of the verification test conducted using such talc as a pest control material are as follows.

One hour after the introduction of termites into a petri dish in which talc was placed as a pest control material,
Of the 10 termites that were put in, 5 died,
The remaining 5 animals had pest control materials attached to their bodies to make their antennae and legs flapping.

Two hours after the introduction of the termites, 6 termites died, and the remaining 4 termites had antennae,
I just moved my legs slightly.

After 3 hours from the addition of termites, the remaining 4
The animals were also dead, and the death of all 10 termites placed in the petri dish was confirmed.

When the termites that died in this way were observed under a microscope, it was the same as above that the powdery pest control material was attached in large amounts on the body surface of the termites.

From the above experimental results for clay, bentonite, sepiolite and talc, it can be inferred that clay minerals can generally be used as pest control materials.

Next, the case where diatomaceous earth is used as a pest control material is described. The diatomaceous earth is "Radiolite (calcined product)" (trade name) manufactured by Showa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. As shown in FIG.

Therefore, with this diatomaceous earth, the pest control material 41 as an active ingredient against the termite termite workers,
The amount corresponding to 42, 43 is approximately 80% by weight,
About 20% of the materials cannot function as the pest control material 44.
Is.

The observation results of the proof test conducted using such diatomaceous earth as a pest control material are as follows.

One hour after the introduction of termites into a petri dish in which diatomaceous earth was placed as a pest control material,
Of the 10 termites that were put in, 8 moved around with the diatomaceous earth as a pest control material adhered to the body surface, and the other 2 also had their legs flapping.

Two hours after the introduction of the termites, all ten termites had their antennae and legs fluttered, and overall they survived in a weakened state.

Three hours after the introduction of termites, two animals died, seven of the remaining animals were weak enough to occasionally move their antennae and legs, and the other one had its antennae and legs flapped. Was there.

Four hours after the introduction of the termites, eight animals had died, and the remaining two animals had their legs flapping while weakened.

At this point, since it was confirmed that the diatomaceous earth had a pest control effect, the subsequent tests were terminated.

By microscopic observation of the dead termites, it was confirmed that the powdery pest control material had adhered to the skin on the body surface of the termites.

Next, the case where shirasu is used as a pest control material is described. The shirasu is "Winlite S-20" (trade name) manufactured by Idiji Kasei Co., Ltd., and its particle size distribution is shown in FIG. It is shown.

Therefore, in this shirasu, the pest control material 41 as an active ingredient against the termite termite workers,
Those corresponding to 42 and 43 are generally less than 70% by weight, and those that cannot function as the pest control material 44 are generally
Just over 30%.

The following are the observation results of a verification test conducted using such shirasu as a pest control material.

One hour after the termites were put into a Petri dish in which Shirasu as a pest control material was placed,
The ten termites that were thrown in were moving around while the shirasu as a pest control material was adhered to the surface of the body, and nine were moving around, and the remaining one was also flapping its legs.

Two hours after the introduction of termites, 5 animals died, and the remaining 5 animals also had cramps in their legs.

Three hours after the introduction of termites, 9 animals died, and the remaining 1 animal was weak enough to occasionally move its antennae.

At this point, since it was confirmed that Shirasu had a pest control effect, the subsequent tests were terminated.

By microscopic observation of the dead termites, it was confirmed that the powdery pest control material had adhered to the skin on the body surface of the termites.

Next, the case where calcium carbonate is used as a pest control material will be described. The calcium carbonate is "Special Rice (S)" (trade name) manufactured by Maruo Calcium Co., Ltd., and its particle size is 50 μm. The particle size distribution is shown below in FIG.

Therefore, in this calcium carbonate, those corresponding to the pest control materials 41, 42 and 43 as active ingredients for the termite termite ants are approximately 100% by weight.
That is, no substance that cannot function as the pest control material 44 is contained.

The observation results of the proof test conducted using such calcium carbonate as a pest control material are as follows.

[0097] One hour after the termites were put into a petri dish on which calcium carbonate was placed as a pest control material, the ten termites that had been fed had calcium carbonate as a pest control material attached to the body surface. , I was moving around.

Two hours after the introduction of termites, 9 animals died, and the remaining 1 animal only moved its antennae and legs.

After 3 hours from the addition of termites, the remaining 1
The animals were also dead, and all the termites that had been killed died.

Microscopic observation of the dead termites revealed that the powdery pest control material adhered to the skin on the body surface of the termites.

Next, the case where fly ash is used as the pest control material will be described. Fly ash refers to free ash recovered from flue gas of a boiler or the like using pulverized coal, and in this example, fine-grained particles classified by a classifier, classified fly ash is used. To be

The classified fly ash used below is "ONODA Super Flow" (trade name) manufactured by Onoda Cement Co., Ltd., and its particle size distribution is as shown in FIG.

Therefore, 100% of the fly ash corresponds to the pest control materials 41, 42 and 43 as an active ingredient against the termite termite ants, and cannot function as the pest control material 44. Is not included.

The observation results of the verification test conducted using such fly ash as a pest control material are as follows.

[0105] One hour after the termites were put into the petri dish in which the fly ash as the pest control material was placed, the 10 termites that had been input remained with the fly ash as the pest control material attached to the body surface. All 10 were moving around.

Two hours after the introduction of the termites, 10 animals were still alive, but 7 of them had their antennae and legs flapping, and only the remaining 3 animals were moving.

Three hours after the introduction of termites, 3 animals died, and the remaining 7 animals were weak enough to move their antennae occasionally.

After 4 hours from the addition of termites, the remaining 7
The animal was also dead, and the death of all the termites that were input was confirmed.

By microscopic observation of the dead termites, it was confirmed that the powdery pest control material had adhered to the skin on the body surface of the termites.

As is clear from the above-mentioned demonstrative tests, regardless of the chemical composition, any such solid matter has a pesticidal effect. This is due to the pest control mechanism.

Therefore, even in the case of an appropriate mixture of the above-mentioned solid matter, the powdery solid matter satisfying the particle size of the pest control mechanism similarly becomes the active ingredient, which is used for the pest in the same manner as described above. Can be eradicated.

It is also possible to add a drug having a weak drug effect, such as boric acid, to the pest control material composed of a powdery solid substance as described above. Since the extermination mechanism acts on the pests at the same time, even if its medicinal effect is weaker than before, it is sufficiently effective.

[0113]

As described above, according to the invention described in claim 1, since the powdery solid matter is attached to the body surface of the pest, it is possible to prevent the emission of carbon dioxide gas from the body surface of the pest. it can.

Since the particle size of the solid matter is smaller than the distance between the hairs of the insect pest to be exterminated, the solid matter can be applied to the body surface of the insect pest regardless of the presence of the hair on the body surface of the insect pest. The probability of widespread attachment is increased, which causes the respiratory function of the pests to fail and kills the pests.
Exhibits the pest control effect.

Therefore, according to the method for controlling pests according to claim 1, it is possible to surely control the pests by the powdery solid matter, and this pesticidal action is performed by the physical properties of the powdery solid matter. Since it is different from chemical pesticide, it is not necessary to use chemical substances with strong acute toxicity as in the past.

Therefore, there is no risk of harmful effects on humans and animals and environmental pollution due to the extermination of pests, and since the pests are not chemical insecticides, the pests do not gradually become resistant, and the pests can be surely exterminated over a long period of time. can do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view for explaining a pest control mechanism.

FIG. 2 is a particle size distribution chart of a pest control material made of clay.

FIG. 3 is a particle size distribution chart of a pest control material composed of bentonite.

FIG. 4 is a particle size distribution chart of a pest control material composed of sepiolite.

FIG. 5 is a particle size distribution chart of a pest control material composed of talc.

FIG. 6 is a particle size distribution chart of a pest control material composed of diatomaceous earth.

FIG. 7 is a particle size distribution chart of a pest control material composed of Shirasu.

FIG. 8 is a particle size distribution chart of a pest control material composed of calcium carbonate.

FIG. 9 is a particle size distribution diagram of a pest control material composed of fly ash.

[Explanation of symbols]

 P (body hair) spacing dimension 1 pest 2 skin (body surface) 3 body hair 41, 42, 43 pest control material (solid)

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A powdery solid having a particle size smaller than the distance between the hairs of the pest to be exterminated is attached to the body surface of the pest to prevent carbon dioxide emission from the body surface of the pest. A method for controlling pests, which is characterized in that 2. A pest control material to be attached to the body surface of a pest, comprising a powdery solid substance, the particle size of which is smaller than the distance between the hairs of the pest to be controlled as an active ingredient. Pest control material characterized by. 3. The pest control material according to claim 2, wherein the solid matter is formed of clay mineral. 4. The pest control material according to claim 2, wherein the solid matter is formed of a siliceous deposit. 5. The pest control material according to claim 2, wherein the solid matter is formed of a volcanic ash deposit. 6. The pest control material according to claim 2, wherein the solid matter is formed of calcium carbonate. 7. The pest control material according to claim 2, wherein the solid matter is formed by fly ash.