JP3259852B2 - Pest control method and pest control material - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling pests and a pest control material used in the method.

[0002]

[Prior Art] Termites, claw mites, etc.
When exterminating pests, it is common to use chemical insecticides.For example, when the purpose is to exterminate termites and mites, chemical insecticides with strong acute toxicity such as organophosphorus drugs and pyrethroid drugs are used. Widely used.

[0003]

By the way, this kind of chemical insecticide is to control pests by the medicinal effect of its chemical component, but the chemical component often has an adverse effect on humans and animals, Environmental pollution due to the application of highly toxic chemicals is also a concern.

[0004] Further, with the use of chemical insecticides, the insect pests gradually have insecticide resistance (resistance), and the chemical insecticide which was initially effective eventually stops exerting its effect as an insecticide. Things happen.

[0005] The present invention has been made based on such a background, there is little risk of adverse effects on humans and animals other than the pests and environmental pollution, and the pests do not have the resistance associated with use.
An object of the present invention is to provide a pest control method and a pest control material that can reliably control pests over a long period of time.

[0006]

In order to achieve this object, the invention according to claim 1 is to provide a powdery solid material having a particle size smaller than the spacing between hairs of a pest to be controlled.
This is a method for controlling pests, characterized in that the method is applied to the body surface of a pest to prevent the emission of carbon dioxide from the body surface of the pest.

[0007]

[Action] Animals containing pests perform respiratory action by taking oxygen into the body and excreting carbon dioxide outside the body. Insects containing pests generally excrete carbon dioxide through the skin.

[0008] For this reason, if the powdery solid is adhered to the body surface of the pest, the emission of carbon dioxide from the body surface of the pest can be prevented.

In view of the fact that hair is generally present on the body surface of the pest, and there is a possibility that the hair may prevent the solid from adhering to the body surface, the solid according to the first aspect of the present invention, As a thing having a particle size smaller than the interval size of the body hair of the pest to be exterminated, by increasing the probability that the solid matter is widely adhered to the body surface of the pest, the repellent function of the pest is dysfunction and the pest is killed Demonstrate.

Therefore, according to the method for controlling pests according to the first aspect, the pests can be surely controlled by the powdery solids, and the pest control action is performed by the physical properties of the powdery solids. Since it is different from chemical insecticide, it is not necessary to use a chemical substance having acute toxicity as in the past.

[0011] Therefore, there is no risk of adverse effects on humans and animals due to pest control, and there is no risk of environmental pollution, and since the pests are not chemical insecticides, the pests do not gradually have resistance, and the pests can be reliably controlled over a long period of time. can do.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by way of embodiments with reference to the drawings.

In the following, first, the pest control mechanism basically expected in the present application will be described with reference to the schematic plan view of the body surface of the pest shown in FIG. 1, and thereafter, the pest control method and the pest control material of the embodiment will be described. Will be described.

First, the pest control mechanism basically expected in the present application is as follows.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a pest, 2 is skin on the body surface of the pest, 3 is hair of the pest, 41, 4
2,43,44 are pest control materials made of solid substances.

The pest 1 takes in oxygen into the body through the respiratory tract (not shown) or the skin 2, and discharges carbon dioxide gas out of the body directly through the skin 2.

A plurality of body hairs 3 are formed on the skin 2 for discharging carbon dioxide gas in a scattered manner.

The body hairs 3 are formed at predetermined positions in accordance with the type of the pest 1, and the interval between the body hairs 3 is different. When standardized schematically, the arrangement of the hairs 3 on the skin 2 of the pest 1 is as shown in FIG. 1, and the spacing P between the hairs 3 is assumed to be uniform for simplification of the following description.

In addition, pest control materials 41, 42, 43, 44
Although there are naturally various shapes in reality, they are shown as circles in the drawings for simplicity of the following description of the mechanism, and each is different only in the particle size.

The skin 2 on which the body hair 3 is formed as described above
The state of adhesion of the insect-controlling materials 41, 42, 43, 44 on the top is as follows.

That is, the pesticidal material 41 has a particle diameter D
₁ is slightly smaller than the spacing dimension P of the body hair 3, but is substantially the same.

Therefore, the pest control material 41 can reach the skin 2 of the pest 1 through the space between the body hairs 3.

The insect-controlling material 41 that has reached the skin 2 of the pest 1 adheres to the skin 2 due to lipids, moisture, etc. on the skin 2.

Thus, the skin 2 located below the insect-controlling material 41 is prevented from discharging carbon dioxide from its surface. In the case of a pest that takes in oxygen from the skin 2, the pest-controlling material 41 also prevents the uptake of oxygen from the skin 2 at the site.

The pesticide 42 has a particle size D ₂ smaller than that of the pesticide 41, and the pesticide 43 has a smaller particle size than the particle size D ₂ of the pesticide 42.

The pest control materials 42 and 43, which have a smaller particle size than the pest control material 41, can reach the skin 2 of the pest 1 without being hindered by the body hair 3 as apparent from FIG. And the skin 2
It adheres to the top and hinders the pest 1 from discharging carbon dioxide.

The pest control material 44 is a comparative example in this example, and has a particle diameter D ₄ larger than the interval P between the body hairs 3. As is clear from FIG. 1, the pesticidal material 44 having such a particle size prevents any of the body hairs 3 from adhering to the pesticidal material. It is not possible to prevent the carbon dioxide gas discharging action or the like.

When the discharge of the carbon dioxide gas from the skin 2 at that part is prevented by the adhesion of the insect-controlling materials 41, 42, 43, the respiratory action of the insect pest 1 generally depends on the area of the attached part. If the function deteriorates and the area of the portion exceeds the allowable range, respiratory failure will occur, and eventually the pest 1 will die.

Therefore, when exterminating pests using such an exterminator, it is extremely important to increase the area of the skin 2 to which the exterminants 41, 42, 43 are attached.

In the pest control method of the present invention, by appropriately selecting the particle size of the pest control material according to the pest,
The enlargement of the attachment area is achieved, and the purpose of pest control is achieved.

The advantage of such a pest control mechanism is that, unlike conventional insecticides by chemical pesticides, the pests can be controlled without evaporating highly acutely toxic chemical substances into the space where the pests are to be controlled at a high concentration. This avoids the effects of chemical pesticides on humans and the environment and environmental pollution, and the pests do not gradually become resistant and are carried out by the physical properties of powdery solids for a long time. Pests can be eliminated reliably.

Next, a demonstration test of the pest control mechanism will be described.

In this demonstration test, a paper was spread on a petri dish,
The insect pest-controlling material is evenly spread on the paper, and 10 pests are put in the petri dish in this state, and the activity of the pests is observed over time.

The demonstration test described below uses a house termite, a termite, as a pest. In this case, the interval P between the body hairs is approximately 63 μm.

As a pest-controlling material, clay which is a clay mineral is used. The clay is "OS clay" (trade name) manufactured by Maruo Calcium Co., Ltd. and has a particle size of 44 μm or less. The particle size distribution is extremely fine as a whole as shown in FIG.

Therefore, in this pest control material, the total particle size is smaller than the interval P between the hairs of the termite termites, and is an effective ingredient for the termite termites. It is equivalent.

The petri dish used in this demonstration test was:
It is 9 cm in diameter and 0.64 g (100 g / m
⁽ Corresponding to the state where the insect-controlling material was sprayed at a ratio of ² )).

The observation results are as follows.

One hour after the injection of termites into a petri dish in which clay is disposed as a pest control material,
Two of the ten termites that had been killed had died, and the remaining eight had fluttered antennas and legs.

Two hours after termite injection, seven termites had already died, and the remaining three termites only slightly moved their antennae.

After three hours have passed since the termites were introduced, the remaining three
The animals died, and all ten termites in the petri dish were confirmed dead.

Thereafter, when the termites that had died in this way were observed with a microscope, the powdered insect-controlling material was found to adhere to the skin on the body surface of the termites.

Among the above observation results, in particular, the fact that the termites died two hours after the termites were introduced, and that a large amount of the powdered pest-controlling material adhered to the body surface of the dead termites In view of this, it can be estimated that these termites have been found to have died of so-called respiratory failure due to the inhibition of carbon dioxide emission from the skin 2, and thus the pest control mechanism has been demonstrated. .

As described above, against the termites as pests, the pest control mechanism demonstrated by the clay as a powdery solid material as a pest control material is based on the distance P between the body hairs 3 of the pests 1 as described above. Since it is physically established in relation to the particle size of the powdery solid material as a pest control material, it can be applied in the following range.

That is, this pest control mechanism is based on the premise that the pest 1 discharges carbon dioxide from the skin 2 and that the pest 1 has the hair 3, and if the pest satisfies these conditions. Thus, the pest control method of the present invention can be implemented.

Examples of the pests that can be subjected to the method of controlling pests of the present invention include, for example, other termites and house mites, such as ticks, dust mites, acarids and cockroaches, as well as mosquitoes, flies and fleas. , Lice, leaf beetle, beetles, beetles, scrophulariid beetle, saw palmetto beetle, scorpion beetle, beetle weevil, azuki beetle, beetle beetle beetle, beetle beetle, iga, midge beetle, butterfly fly,
Stink bugs, stink bugs, ticks, sand flies, sand flies, grasshoppers, grasshopper leafhoppers, turtle beetles, white beetles, sink beetles, scale insects,
Spider mites, aphids, moth weeds, beetles, weevil, pine beetles, bark beetles, scarab beetles, scorpion beetle, shibataga and the like.

Among the above pests, house dust mites such as dust mites and acarid mites do not have a respiratory tract and take up oxygen from the skin 2, and therefore, according to the pest control method of the present invention. It is possible to inhibit not only the emission of carbon dioxide but also the intake of oxygen, and there is an advantage that these pests can be reliably eliminated.

When the above-mentioned pests different from termites are targeted, as is clear from the above-mentioned pest-control mechanism, the active ingredient of the pest-control material depends on the interval P between the hairs of the target pests. Therefore, it is preferable to appropriately adjust the particle size distribution of the pesticide to be used. In the case of a pesticide in which the target of control is a specific type of pest, the distance P of the body hair of the pest is used. It is efficient to sort only those having a small particle size and use this as a pest control material.

For example, in the case where a house mite, the claw mite, is used as a pest to be controlled, the spacing between the hairs is approximately 30 μm.

When the above-mentioned insect-controlling material (having a particle size distribution shown in FIG. 2) composed of clay and used for termites is used for such mites, those having approximately 95% by weight or more reach the skin of the mites. Although it functions as a possible active ingredient, the remaining less than 5% corresponds to the pest control material 44 and does not function as a pest control material and is wasted.

Therefore, for example, when the pesticidal material used has a large particle size distribution, the body hair
If the particle size distribution of the pesticidal material is adjusted to include a large number of fine particles by excluding those having a particle size larger than the interval dimension P, that is, 30 μm, waste of the pesticidal material used is reduced, and the pest control material is reduced. Since the probability that the material adheres to the skin of the claw mite increases, the pest control effect becomes more remarkable.

In this pest control mechanism, since no chemical action is expected of the pest control material and the physical properties as a solid are used as described above, various powdery solids are used. However, as described above, the particle size of the powdery solid is a very important factor.

Therefore, it is important to obtain a powdery solid having the above-mentioned particle size as an insect-controlling material in mass-production industrially.

From these viewpoints, preferred solids as pest control materials include the above-mentioned clay minerals such as clay, bentonite, talc, and sepiolite, substances composed of siliceous sedimentary rocks such as diatomaceous earth, and volcanic ash deposits such as shirasu. Or calcium carbonate, fly ash and the like.

Hereinafter, a verification test in which a representative example of the solid material is performed as a pest control material will be described. This verification test is performed in accordance with the verification test using the clay, and only the pest control material is changed to the solid material. It was done.

Next, the case where bentonite is used as a pest-controlling material will be described. The bentonite is “Hodaka Toyojun Bentonite” (trade name) manufactured by Toyohyun Yoko Co., Ltd., and its particle size is approximately 40 μm or less. The particle size distribution is extremely fine as a whole as shown in FIG.

Therefore, this bentonite functions only as the pest control materials 41, 42, 43 as an active ingredient against the termites of the termites, and functions mainly as the pest control materials 42, 43.

The observation results of the verification test performed using such bentonite as a pest control material are as follows.

After 1 hour from the introduction of termites into a petri dish in which bentonite was disposed as a pest-controlling material, all of the 10 termites that were placed were alive by attaching the pest-controlling material to the body. Nine fluttered legs, the other one was moving around.

Two hours after the termite injection, three termites had already died, and the remaining six termites moved their antennae and legs, and one was moving around.

After 3 hours have passed since the termites were introduced, the remaining 7
The animals died, and all ten termites in the petri dish were confirmed dead.

Thereafter, when the termites that died in this way were observed with a microscope, it was found that the powdery pest-controlling material had adhered to the body surface of the termites in the same manner as described above.

Next, a case where sepiolite is used as a pest control material will be described. This sepiolite is "Miraclay P-80V" (trade name) manufactured by Omi Mining Co., Ltd.
The particle size distribution is as shown in FIG.

Therefore, this sepiolite, which is equivalent to the insect-controlling materials 41, 42, 43 as an active ingredient against the termites termites, is less than 50% by weight%, and corresponds to the insect-controlling material 44. Is 50% by weight
It is a little over%.

The observation results of the verification test performed using such sepiolite as a pest control material are as follows.

After 1 hour from the introduction of termites into a petri dish in which sepiolite as an insect-controlling material was placed, all of the 10 termites that had been injected were alive with the insect-controlling material attached to the body. Of these, five were moving around, and the other five had their antennas and legs twitching.

Two hours after the introduction of the termites, the death of all ten termites was confirmed.

When the termites that died in this way were observed with a microscope, it was found that the powdery pest-controlling material had adhered to the body surface of the termites as described above.

Next, a case where talc is used as a pest control material will be described. The talc is “3S talc” (trade name) manufactured by Maruo Calcium Co., Ltd.
The particle size distribution is extremely fine as a whole as shown in FIG.

For this reason, this talc is used as the active ingredient against the termites of the termites.
Those corresponding to 42 and 43 are 100% by weight%, and most can function as the pest control materials 42 and 43.

The observation results of the verification test performed using such talc as a pest control material are as follows.

One hour after the termites were put into a petri dish in which talc was disposed as a pest control material,
Five of the ten termites that have been killed,
The remaining five animals had pesticides attached to their bodies and flapping their antennae and legs.

Two hours after the termite injection, six termites have died, and the remaining four termites have antennae,
He only moved his legs slightly.

After 3 hours have passed since the termites were introduced, the remaining 4
The animals died, and all ten termites in the petri dish were confirmed dead.

When the termites that had died in this way were observed under a microscope, it was found that the powdery pest-controlling material was attached in large amounts on the body surface of each of the termites as in the above case.

From the above experimental results on clay, bentonite, sepiolite and talc, it can be inferred that clay minerals can generally be used as pest control materials.

Next, a case in which diatomaceous earth is used as a pest control material will be described. The diatomaceous earth is “Radiolite (fired product)” (trade name) manufactured by Showa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. As shown in FIG.

For this reason, the diatomaceous earth is used as the active ingredient against the termites termites,
The equivalent of 42 and 43 is about 80% by weight,
What can not function as the pest control material 44 is approximately 20%
It is.

The observation results of the verification test performed using such diatomaceous earth as a pest control material are as follows.

One hour after the injection of termites into a petri dish in which diatomaceous earth was disposed as a pest control material,
Eight of the ten termites were moving around with diatomaceous earth as a pest-controlling material attached to the body surface, and the remaining two had fluttering legs.

Two hours after the termites were introduced, all ten termites fluttered their antennae and legs, and survived as a whole in a weaker state.

Three hours after the termite injection, two animals died, seven of them were weak enough to occasionally move their antennae and legs, and the other one fluttered their antennae and legs. I was

Four hours after the termites were injected, eight animals died, and the other two weakened but fluttered their legs.

At this time, since it was confirmed that diatomaceous earth had a pest control effect, the subsequent tests were terminated.

Microscopic observation of dead termites confirmed that the powdered pest control material had adhered to the skin on the body surface of the termites.

Next, a case where shirasu is used as a pest-controlling material will be described. The shirasu is “Winlite S-20” (trade name) manufactured by Ichi Kasei Co., Ltd., and its particle size distribution is shown in FIG. It is shown.

Therefore, the insect pest control material 41,
Those corresponding to 42 and 43 are approximately 70% by weight in weight, and those that cannot function as the pest control material 44 are generally
More than 30%.

The observation results of the verification test performed using such shirasu as a pest control material are as follows.

After 1 hour from the introduction of termites into a petri dish in which whitewash as a pest control material has been placed,
Nine of the ten termites were moving around, with the shirasu as a pest control agent attached to the body surface, and the other one fluttered its legs.

Two hours after the termites were injected, 5 animals died, and the remaining 5 animals also had jerks in their legs.

Three hours after termite injection, nine animals died, and the other one was weak enough to occasionally move its antennae.

At this point, since it was confirmed that Shirasu had a pest control effect, the subsequent test was terminated.

Microscopic observation of dead termites confirmed that the powdered insect-controlling material had adhered to the skin on the body surface of the termites.

Next, the case where calcium carbonate is used as a pest control material will be described. The calcium carbonate is “Special Rice (S)” (trade name) manufactured by Maruo Calcium Co., Ltd., and the particle size is 50 μm. The particle size distribution is as shown in FIG.

Therefore, the calcium carbonate equivalent to the pest control materials 41, 42, 43 as an active ingredient against the termites termites is approximately 100% by weight.
What does not function as the pest control material 44 is not contained.

The observation results of the verification test performed using such calcium carbonate as a pest control material are as follows.

After 1 hour from the introduction of termites into a petri dish in which calcium carbonate as a pest-controlling material has been placed, the 10 termites input have calcium carbonate as a pest-controlling material adhered to the body surface. , I was moving around while laughing.

Two hours after termite injection, nine animals died, and the other one only moved the antenna and legs.

After 3 hours have passed since the termites were introduced, the remaining 1
The animals died, and all termites killed.

[0100] Microscopic observation of the dead termites revealed that the powdered pest-controlling material had adhered to the skin on the body surface of the termites.

Next, the case where fly ash is used as a pest control material will be described. Fly ash is free ash recovered from flue gas from a boiler or the like using fine coal, and in this embodiment, fine ash classified by a classifier is used. Classified fly ash is used. Can be

The classifying fly ash used below is "ONODA Super Flow" (trade name) manufactured by Onoda Cement Co., Ltd. The particle size distribution is as shown in FIG.

Therefore, 100% of the fly ash corresponds to the insect-controlling materials 41, 42, and 43 as active ingredients against the termites of the termites, and cannot function as the insect-controlling material 44. Is not included.

The observation results of the verification test performed using such fly ash as a pest control material are as follows.

After 1 hour from the introduction of termites into a petri dish in which fly ash as a pest-controlling material has been placed, the ten termites that have been injected remain fly ash as a pest-controlling material on the body surface All ten were moving around.

[0106] Two hours after the termite injection, all 10 animals survived, but 7 of them had flapping antennas and legs, and only the remaining 3 animals were moving around.

Three hours after termite injection, three animals died, and the remaining seven animals were weak enough to occasionally move the antenna.

After 4 hours have passed since termites were introduced, the remaining 7
The animals died, and all the termites were confirmed dead.

Microscopic observation of dead termites confirmed that the powdered pest control material had adhered to the skin on the body surface of the termites.

As is evident from the above demonstration test, regardless of the chemical composition, any of such solids can exhibit a pest control effect. It is due to the pest control mechanism.

Therefore, even if an appropriate mixture of the above-mentioned solids is used, a powdery solid which also satisfies the particle size condition of the above-mentioned pest control mechanism becomes an active ingredient. Can be eliminated.

The pest-controlling material made of a powdery solid as described above may be added with an agent having a weak medicinal effect, such as boric acid. Since the extermination mechanism acts on the pest at the same time, even if the medicinal effect is weaker than before, it is sufficiently effective.

[0113]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since powdery solid matter is attached to the body surface of the pest, it is possible to prevent the emission of carbon dioxide from the body surface of the pest. it can.

Since the solids are assumed to have a particle size smaller than the spacing between the hairs of the pest to be exterminated, the solids remain on the body surface of the pest irrespective of the presence of the hair on the body surface of the pest. The probability of widespread adhesion is increased, which causes the respiratory function of the pest to fail and kills the pest,
Exhibits the pest control effect.

Therefore, according to the method for controlling pests according to the first aspect, the pests can be reliably controlled by the powdery solids, and the pest control action is performed by the physical properties of the powdery solids. Since it is different from chemical insecticide, it is not necessary to use a chemical substance having acute toxicity as in the past.

Therefore, there is no risk of adverse effects on humans and livestock due to pest control, and there is no risk of environmental pollution. Further, since the pests are not a chemical insecticide, they do not gradually provide resistance, and they can reliably control pests over a long period of time. can do.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view for explaining a pest control mechanism.

FIG. 2 is a particle size distribution diagram of a pest control material made of clay.

FIG. 3 is a particle size distribution diagram of a pest control material composed of bentonite.

FIG. 4 is a particle size distribution diagram of a pest control material comprising sepiolite.

FIG. 5 is a particle size distribution chart of a pest control material made of talc.

FIG. 6 is a particle size distribution diagram of a pest control material made of diatomaceous earth.

FIG. 7 is a particle size distribution diagram of a pest control material comprising shirasu.

FIG. 8 is a particle size distribution diagram of a pest control material composed of calcium carbonate.

FIG. 9 is a particle size distribution diagram of a pest control material composed of fly ash.

[Explanation of symbols]

 P (Dimension of hair) spacing 1 Pests 2 Skin (body surface) 3 Hair 41,42,43 Pest control material (solid)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-63-250308 (JP, A) JP-A-1-261217 (JP, A) JP-A-2-169506 (JP, A) JP-A 52- 54031 (JP, A) JP-A-6-80525 (JP, A) JP-A-5-201818 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01N 25/12 A01N 59 / 00 A01N 61/00

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A powdery solid material, which is used to remove esophagus
A method for controlling pests, characterized in that particles having a particle size smaller than the distance between body hairs of pests that do not have them are adhered to the body surface of the pest, thereby preventing discharge of carbon dioxide from the body surface of the pest. 2. A pest-controlling material to be attached to the body surface of a pest having no respiratory tract, wherein the pest-controlling material is a powdery solid (excluding zeolite)
Consists excluding), pest control materials, characterized in that the ones that particle size is less than the space dimension of the hair of the pest to be disinfected subject as an active ingredient. 3. The pest-controlling material according to claim 2, wherein said solid is formed of a clay mineral. 4. The pest control material according to claim 2, wherein said solid material is formed of siliceous sedimentary rock . 5. The pest control material according to claim 2, wherein the solid is formed of a volcanic ash deposit. 6. The pest control material according to claim 2, wherein the solid is formed of calcium carbonate. 7. The pest control material according to claim 2, wherein the solid material is formed by fly ash.