JPH0680096A - Continuous aqualung diving method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a method for elongating diving time in aqualung diving by collecting expired air, removing carbon dioxide from the expired air and inspiring it again. CONSTITUTION:Inspired air through a conventional regulator 1 is expired from a nose and stored in an expired air storage bag 5 and a carbon dioxide absorber 4 is provided between the nose and the expired air storage bag 5, so that breathing the expired air through the nose within an allowable oxygen partial pressure can be repeated and at last usual expiration from a mouth is performed through the regulator 1. In this way, (1) when using an air cylinder, a diving period is much longer than usual, nearly to a duration on the ground, (2) oxygen mixed air that oxygen is added to air is usable and a diving period is further elongated in this case, and (3) when helium-oxygen mixed gas is used, long-time deep sea diving by using an aqualung, which has been impossible, is allowed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a continuous dive method by expiratory rebreathing in an aqualung dive for scuba diving.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an Aqualung dive, the air inhaled from a mouthpiece is exhausted as it is from the expiratory tube of the mouthpiece, and it is not currently used for rebreathing. However, since there is a considerable amount of oxygen in the exhaled breath, a method of rebreathing and utilizing it has been considered. (For example, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 303992) First of all, if the air exhausted from the exhalation tube of the mouthpiece is collected, the structure of the mouthpiece becomes large and complicated, and at least several valves are required. The current situation is that practical problems have not been reached in Aqualung diving due to the emergence of difficult problems such as the waterproof mechanism of the absorber.

[0003]

Theoretical Background of the Invention Air component is nitrogen 79% oxygen 21
%, The atmospheric pressure is 1 ata (absolute pressure), so the partial pressures are 0,79 at nitrogen and 0,2 at oxygen.
It becomes 1ata. At a water depth of 10 m, it will be 2 ata and at 20 m it will be at 3 ata. In the case of this 3ata, the partial pressure of nitrogen is 3ata × 0,79% = 2.73ata, and the partial pressure of oxygen is 3ata × 0,21 = 0,63ata.
Becomes Considering how many times the same air can be breathed by removing carbon dioxide according to the depth in the sea, see 1
Under ata, 20,95% of oxygen becomes 16.4% by one breath. That is, 22% of the total amount of oxygen is consumed, and the remaining 78% of oxygen is exhaled as a breath. Assuming that 78% of oxygen remains by one breath, the range of oxygen partial pressure for oxygen poisoning and oxygen deficiency is now from 1,60 to
The following equation is obtained with 0,18 data and the number of breathable times being χ times. 100 × 0,18 / (oxygen%) X (0,78) ^X ≦ 1 +
Water depth (m) / 10 When compressed air is used for the cylinder, oxygen is 21% and water depth is 5m (0,78) ^X ≧ 0,6 ... χ = 2 Water depth is 10m (0,78) ^X ≧ 0, 45 ………… χ = 3 Water depth 20m (0,78) ^X ≧ 0,3 ………… χ = 4 Water depth 30m (0,78) ^X ≧ 0,225 ………… χ = 6 That is, 2 at water depth 5m You can breathe 3 times at 10m, 4 times at 20m, and 6 times at 30m. In this way, the cylinder is 3 times when χ = 2, 4 times when χ = 3, and χ = 4.
It lasts 5 times, and when χ = 6, it lasts 7 times.

[0004]

Exhaled breath in Aqualung dives contains a large amount of oxygen, which is now abandoned. The purpose is to provide a very simple method of rebreathing without giving up and ingesting residual oxygen to the human body, and to establish a permanent method of dive time.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the present invention, the improvement of the existing equipment is minimized, and the regulator air cylinder and others are used as they are, and the only improvement is the mask. Basically, the air exhaled from the regulator is exhaled from the nose and the exhaled air is stored in the exhalation storage bag, and a carbon dioxide absorption device is provided in the middle of the respiratory tracheal circuit connecting the exhalation storage bag and the nose. A carbon dioxide absorption device waterproof stop valve is provided between the carbon absorption device and the nose.

Specifically, there are cases where the carbon dioxide absorption device is attached to the upper part of the mask and cases where it is carried on the back, and the ventilation pipe circuit with the nose is also composed of three types of single type and multiple types and a combination thereof.

[0007]

If the aqualung constructed as described above is used, if the inhalation from the regulator is exhaled from the nose, this exhaled air is mixed with the air in the device and reaches the exhalation storage bag via the carbon dioxide absorption device to store the exhaled air. Inflate the bag. Next, when inhaling from the nose, the air staying in the exhalation storage bag is inhaled from the nose to contract the exhalation storage bag. When the breath is exhaled from the nose again, the expiratory air inflates the expiratory bag in the same manner as described above. In this way, breathing is repeated several times until the partial pressure of oxygen in the rebreathing circuit approaches 0,18ata, and after exhaling from the mouth through the exhaust pipe of the regulator and completing one cycle, exhale from the regulator in the second cycle. It starts by inhaling from the nose.

[0008]

EXAMPLES Examples will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a conventional regulator, 2 is a mask, 6 is a nose respiratory air guide cover formed of rubber in the mask, and an upper part thereof forms a respiratory trachea communicating with the outside of the mask. Then, it is connected to the carbon dioxide absorption device 4 through the waterproof stop valve 3 for the carbon dioxide absorption device. Further, 5 is a durable cloth breath storage bag provided in communication with the carbon dioxide absorption device, and it is sufficient if it has a breathing capacity of one time and is set to 3 l. Reference numeral 12 is a connecting rubber for fixing the mask and the carbon dioxide absorbing device to one body, and such a device is firmly attached to the band 11. In addition, soda lime is used as carbon dioxide absorbed.

When diving with such a device, the stop valve 3 is first closed to dive, and when a certain depth is reached, the stop valve 3 is opened before the mask squeeze starts and the air inhaled from the regulator is snorted. If it is exhaled, the exhaled air passes through the breathing air guide cover 6 in the mask, the waterproof stop valve 3, the one-way valve 7.8, and the soda lime in the carbon dioxide absorber as shown in FIG. It comes into contact with it to absorb the carbon dioxide contained in it, and then the exhalation bag 5
Is inflated and stored in it. Next, when inhaling from the nose, the air in the exhalation bag 5 passes through the one-way valve 9 and is inhaled from the nose. This completes the first rebreathing. This one
I will call it a cycle. As mentioned above, 4 at 20m depth
In a cycle of 30 m, 6 sails can be done, and in the last cycle, by exhaling from the mouth, exhale from the exhaust port of the regulator and discard this air into seawater. It dives while repeating inhalation from the mouth by repeating inspiration from the nose and exhalation from the nose again.

[0010]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

A major feature of the present invention is that the air inhaled from the mouth is exhaled from the nose, the exhaled air is collected and again inhaled from the nose, so the device is extremely simple and cannot be realized until now. It is also possible to realize re-inhalation use of exhaled air.

In the conventional method, the usable time of the cylinder is shortened according to the depth of water. For example, at a depth of 30 m, it was 1/4 or less of that on the ground, but the method according to the present invention has little influence of the depth, and at the depth of 30 m, 6 rebreathing is possible and the durability time is the same as that on the ground. Can be kept

Further, waterproofing is very important because if a soda lime is submerged in water, a deleterious substance is generated and the human body is damaged. However, in the present invention, the waterproof stop valve connected to the mask is convenient and extremely convenient. The fact that it was possible is also a major feature. Also, even if the soda lime gets inundated due to damage, it is safe to close the waterproof stop valve, clear the mask and switch to normal regulator breathing.

In such a case, the present invention can immediately switch to the conventional system and is safe.

When using a cylinder to which oxygen has been added in advance, the dive time can be greatly extended.

When a mixed cylinder of helium and oxygen is used, there is a remarkable effect that a great depth of diving, which cannot be achieved by conventional scuba diving, can be performed for a considerably long time.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of exhalation and inspiration in the above-described embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Regulator 2 Mask 3 Waterproof Stop Valve 4 Carbon Dioxide Absorber 5 Exhalation Storage Bag 6 Breathing Air Guide Cover 7.8.9 One Way Valve 10 Soda Lime 11 Band 12 Connection Rubber

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. The air exhaled from a reguulator through the mouth is exhaled from the nose, the exhaled air is stored in an exhalation storage bag, and the exhaled air is reinhaled from the nose. A perpetual dive method for aqualung dives, characterized by repeating one or several times and then exhaling through the exhaust pipe of the regulator from the mouth as one cycle, and repeating this cycle to breathe. 2. The permanent method of aqualung diving according to claim 1, wherein the air exhaled from the regulator is exhaled into the mask through the nose, and the exhalation bag is provided in communication with the mask. 3. The continuous method for aqualung diving according to claim 1, wherein a carbon dioxide absorption device is provided in a part of a respiratory tracheal circuit communicating between the nose and the expiratory storage bag. 4. A method for perpetuating Aqualung dives according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a carbon dioxide absorption device is provided on the upper part of the mask, and a breath storage bag is provided in connection with the device. 5. The permanent method for aqualung diving according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein oxygen-added air is used for the cylinder. 6. The permanent method for aqualung diving according to claim 1, 23 or 4, wherein a mixed gas of helium and oxygen is used for the cylinder. 7. The number of rebreaths of air exhaled through the nose and stored in the breath storage bag is 100 × 0,18 / oxygen content (%) × (0,78) ^{X for the} cylinder used.
≤1 + water depth (m) / 10 within an integer part of m, for example, when using a cylinder filled with air, water depth 5 m to 10 m twice 1
3 times from 0m to 20m, 4 times from 20m to 30m 30M
Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 within 6 times up to 40 m
Or the permanent method for aqualung diving according to item 6. 8. A waterproof stop valve is provided in the middle of a respiratory trachea that connects the carbon dioxide collecting device and the nose.
The permanent method of aqualung diving according to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7.