JPH082079Y2 - Breathing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a breathing apparatus used for short-time diving under shallow water.

"Prior Art" For leisure diving, a scuba (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus) in which a regulator is connected to a high-pressure air tank of 150 atm 12l is generally used.

However, this scuba has a weight of more than 20 kg per set, and since it has a large air capacity, it naturally dives for a long time, and knowledge of diving medicine and diving physics, as well as skill in operation are required, and it is sufficient. It was necessary to take diving training.

In view of such inconvenience, the present applicant, in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-156989 previously filed, provided a breathing apparatus which is preferably used when it is desired to observe water in a shallow place for a short time.

FIG. 3 shows the breathing apparatus. In this breathing apparatus, a light and small oxygen cylinder 3 is attached to a breathing chamber 2 equipped with a breathing mouthpiece 1, and a breathing system is equipped with a carbon dioxide gas remover 4
Via a flexible, inflatable and expandable ring-shaped tube 5 to form a closed circuit, and the breathing mouthpiece 1 inhales oxygen and absorbs and removes carbon dioxide gas in the exhaled breath to circulate the oxygen and leave the remainder. It is a simple breathing apparatus that effectively utilizes the oxygen that is used.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] However, in the above-described breathing apparatus, since the breathing chamber 2 is used by mounting the oxygen cylinder 3 and the regulator, the weight of the mouthpiece 1 held and supported by the breathing apparatus 2 is used. However, the mouth becomes heavy during use, and the oxygen cylinder 3 or the like in the water becomes a resistance to the water in the water, and a load is applied to the mouth, which causes a burden to hold the mouthpiece at the mouth during use.

The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to extend the depth of the sea to a depth of 5 to 10 m.
It can be used for safe diving in a short time, and it is lightweight and compact without the need to install a breathing oxygen gas cylinder.
An object is to provide a respiratory device that is inexpensive and easy to use.

"Means for Solving the Problem" A breathing apparatus of the present invention is provided with a breathing mouthpiece and is provided at one end of a breathing chamber provided with a filling port for breathing gas such as oxygen or a mixed gas thereof. An exhalation-side check valve and an exhalation-side check valve are arranged at the other end, respectively, and the expiratory-side check valve side and the inhalation-side check valve side of the breathing chamber are expanded through a carbon dioxide gas absorption section, A flexible ring-shaped tube that can be expanded and contracted to communicate
A breathing apparatus comprising a closed circuit in which breathing gas supplied from the filling port circulates, wherein the filling port opens when a connecting end of oxygen or a mixed gas container is connected, and the connecting end is opened. It is characterized in that it has a valve that closes when opened, and an open / close switching valve is arranged in the passage between the mouthpiece and the breathing chamber.

[Operation] According to the respiratory device of the present invention, before use, the annular tube in the system of the respiratory apparatus is filled with and confined with a breathing gas such as oxygen or a mixed gas, and the gas filled in the annular tube is breathed. Moreover, since it is possible to circulate and reuse the remaining oxygen gas by absorbing the carbon dioxide gas in the exhaled gas, the oxygen cylinder and regulator etc. attached to the breathing chamber are not required, and the breathing apparatus can be made lighter. The oxygen gas for breathing can be used efficiently.

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 are views showing an embodiment of the respirator of the present invention. In these figures, reference numeral 11 is a breathing chamber, and this breathing chamber 11 is a cylindrical shape made of hard synthetic resin or the like.

The breathing chamber 11 is provided with a mouthpiece 12 and a filling port 13 for oxygen gas at the center, and the breathing chamber 11
At one end (the left end in the figure) of the intake side check valve 14
However, the exhalation-side check valve is located at the other end (right end in the figure).
15 are provided respectively.

The mouthpiece 12 is made of rubber, synthetic resin, etc.
It communicates with the breathing chamber 11 through 16. Further, a mouth stop 12a is formed on the opening side of the mouthpiece 12.

A stop valve 17 for switching between opening and closing of the passage 16 is provided in the passage 16. This stop valve 17 is used when the breathing apparatus is not in use.
A valve device that closes 16 to prevent water from entering the mouthpiece 12 and prevents leakage of injected gas, and a valve device such as a slide valve that is easy to open and close is preferably used.

Further, the breathing chamber 11 is provided with a drainage purge valve 18 for discharging the water in the breathing chamber 11 to the outside.

The filling port 13 communicates with the breathing chamber 11 and opens when the connecting end 19a of the cartridge 19 is connected to the connecting hole 20 to which the connecting end 19a of the cartridge 19 filled with oxygen gas is detachably connected. A valve 21 that closes when the end 19a is removed is provided. The valve 21 can be an open / close valve that is pushed up by the connection end 19a of the cartridge 19 when it is inserted and opened, and closed when the connection end 19a is extracted by the urging force of an elastic member such as a spring. Furthermore, a lid may be provided at the end of the filling port 13 to fill the breathing apparatus with oxygen gas, and then the filling port 13 may be sealed.

Further, for filling oxygen gas from the filling port 13, in addition to the method of connecting the small cartridge 19, a connection tube provided with an adapter connected to the filling port 13 at one end is used to fill the gas of a large oxygen cylinder. A method of filling through the mouth 13 can also be carried out. In this case, a large oxygen cylinder should be placed in the base and filled with gas from the filling port 13 by a conduit as appropriate, without using the cartridge 19 to replenish the breathing apparatus appropriately and use it. It is convenient to be able to.

Flexible annular tubes 22 are attached to both ends of the breathing chamber 11 by connecting the expiration side check valve 15 side and the intake side check valve 14 side of the breathing chamber 11 to each other. This ring-shaped tube 22 consists of two tubes
23, 23 and a tube-shaped carbon dioxide gas remover 24 that is connected to these tubes 23, 23 and is detachably arranged between them, and forms a closed circuit as a whole including the breathing chamber 11. is there.

As the tube 23, a single tube or double tube type flexible tube made of a stretchable material such as rubber or soft synthetic resin is used. This tube 23 has a relatively large spring constant and is contracted in the atmospheric pressure, and when a gas is injected when using the breathing apparatus, it expands to allow breathing,
In addition, it has an internal volume equal to or greater than the breathing volume of the user. In this case, specifically, the capacity of the tube 23 is 3.5-5 l.
It is preferable to have an internal volume of, and if the internal volume of this range is provided, without causing unpleasant respiratory resistance,
You can dive for a few minutes at a depth of 2-3 m. The dive time is determined by the contents of the tubes 23, 23 and the gas amount (filling amount) of the cartridge 19 to be filled. By the way, the amount of oxygen consumed by a person is about 1 / minute under normal pressure and light exertion, so if you use 2 tubes with a total of 4 liters of oxygen gas, you can breathe for 4-5 minutes under normal pressure. It is estimated that it can be maintained and can be used for about 3 minutes even under a water depth of 2 to 3 m. The cartridge 19 at this time is 30 ml × 150 k
It can be g / cm ² or less than 1/3 of the conventional one. Also, this ring-shaped tube 24
Is set such that the diameter of the closed circuit can be sufficiently passed by a person's neck in normal times.

The carbon dioxide remover 24 is a resin pipe 25, granular or granular LiOH, Ca (OH) ₂ , Ba (OH) ₂ , KOH, NaOH
A carbon dioxide absorbent 26 (for example, soda soap manufactured by Chemetron Co., Ltd.) composed of a mixture such as the above is filled and sealed with a waterproof filter (not shown) so as not to leak, and the filling amount is the tube 23 of the annular tube 22. The amount of carbon dioxide produced by breathing the oxygen filled in the 23,23 can be completely removed.
It is desirable that the ventilation resistance of the remover 24 be as small as possible, and the particle size, packing density, packing cross-sectional area, etc. of the absorbent 26 should be determined so that unpleasant breathing resistance does not occur. By the way, as a carbon dioxide absorbent, for example, 5 g of soda soap
If filled, it has an absorption capacity of about 11 CO ₂ / kg (normal pressure), so the human carbon dioxide emission is 0.85 l / min.
It is estimated that it can be used for 10 minutes or more.

Fixing strings 27, 27 are provided at both ends of the carbon dioxide remover 24, and the ring-shaped tube 22 is put around the neck to hold the mouthpiece 12, and the two fixing strings 27, 27 are tied in front of the chest. The breathing apparatus can be snugly secured to the body as shown in FIG. By fixing the breathing apparatus in this way, it is possible to prevent the inconvenience that the tubes 23, 23 are lifted by the buoyancy and hinder the movement in water.

To use the respirator having the above configuration, first replace the carbon dioxide gas remover 26 with a new one, close the stop valve 17, and close the filling port.
The connecting end 19a of the cartridge 19 is inserted into 13 and the annular tube 22 is filled with oxygen gas. Due to this gas filling, the tubes 23, 23 of the annular tube 22 expand. Next, when the cartridge 19 is detached, the filling port 13 is closed, and then the ring-shaped tube 22 is hooked around the neck, and the fixing strings 27, 27 are bound and fixed. Next, the mouthpiece 12 is held and the stop valve 17 is opened. Then it enters the water and slowly descends.

When exhaling in this state, the check valve 14 on the intake side closes, the check valve 15 on the expiratory side opens, and exhaled air flows into the tube 23. Gas is removed. Next, the exhaled air that has passed through the remover 24 is pushed out into the tube 23 on the inhalation side by the exhaled pressure. Next, when breathing in, the check valve 15 on the expiratory side closes, the check valve 14 on the inspiratory side opens, and the oxygen gas and carbon dioxide remover in the tube on the inspiratory side is removed.
Exhaled air that has passed through 24 enters the breathing chamber 11 through the tube on the inspiratory side and enters the lungs of the diver.

Thereafter, this cycle can be repeated and breathed until the oxygen gas filled in the tubes 23, 23 of the annular tube 22 has consumed the amount that maintains the lung function. Tube 23,2
The amount of gas in 3 is the carbon dioxide gas generated by breathing
It is reduced by the amount absorbed by 4, and the tubes 23, 23 shrink as time passes. When the amount of gas in the tubes 23, 23 decreases and becomes less than or equal to the amount required for breathing, it becomes difficult to breathe, and at that time, it rises. Also at deeper depths, tubes
23,23 contracts due to water pressure to the same pressure as your lungs, allowing you to breathe safely with a feeling of bare moxibustion, and it becomes difficult to breathe when the depth is deep, so overdiving is prevented.

Then, before the oxygen gas in the tubes 23, 23 is used up, it floats up. The remaining amount of gas in the tubes 23, 23 can be easily detected by the degree of decrease in the amount of gas that can be sucked in, and the water depth 2
If it is from 3m, you can breathe the remaining oxygen and surely levitate.

In the breathing apparatus having such a configuration, since it has a simple structure that can be easily worn, it is easy to use,
In addition, it is lightweight, compact, convenient to carry, and inexpensive, and enables diving for a few minutes at a shallow depth of 2-3 m. Also, since a tube that contracts under atmospheric pressure and expands when injecting gas is used, the amount of breathing gas decreases over time, making it difficult to breathe, and there is no choice but to float, so there is never a lack of oxygen. . In addition, because it has a structural buoyancy of about 1 to 2 kg, it can be floated on the water surface when it is not needed, and it is easy to move the water surface around the neck, which is highly safe.

Furthermore, since the annular tube is filled with oxygen gas before use and the gas filled in the annular tube is breathed, the oxygen cylinder and regulator attached to the breathing chamber are unnecessary, and the weight at the mouth can be reduced. The load due to underwater resistance is reduced, and the usability can be improved.

Further, if the on-off switching valve is closed when not in use, no water will enter the interior, so maintenance is easy.

Furthermore, since the amount of oxygen to be filled is small and the diving is performed every time diving is performed, only one small cartridge is required and the cartridge is not wasted. In addition, it is possible to fill the gas from a large cylinder, which makes the cartridge unnecessary and is economical.

"Example" The breathing apparatus of the example shown in FIG.

A flexible tube made of PCV resin having a tube diameter of 60 mm was used as the tube.

For the intake side check valve and expiratory side check valve, mushroom type valves with an outside diameter of 20 mm are used.
A needle valve was used for 17.

As a carbon dioxide absorbent, rose lime 20 whose main component is LiOH
0 g was used.

When the performance of such a breathing apparatus was examined using a pure oxygen standard gas and a spirometer, the concentration of carbon dioxide gas in the gas on the inspiratory side after 3 minutes was 0.005 atm or less, and it could be sufficiently used. It was confirmed that the performance was maintained.

In addition, when a human breathed with about 4 liters of oxygen gas, it was possible to breathe for 4 minutes on land and for 3 minutes or more in water (water depth 2-3 m).

"Effect of the device" As explained above, according to the breathing apparatus of the present invention, it has a simple structure without the oxygen cylinder and regulator, so it is easy to use, and because it is lightweight and small, it is convenient to carry. Moreover, since oxygen can be efficiently circulated and used, diving for a few minutes in a shallow place becomes possible. Also,
Since it has a structural buoyancy of about 1 to 2 kg, it can be floated on the water surface when it is not needed, and it is easy to move the water surface around your neck and it is highly safe.

Further, since the breathing apparatus of the present invention fills the annular tube with oxygen gas or a mixed gas thereof before use, and breathes the gas filled in the annular tube, an oxygen cylinder or regulator attached to the breathing chamber, etc. Is unnecessary, the weight of the mouth can be reduced, the underwater resistance is reduced, and the usability can be improved.

Further, if the on-off switching valve is closed when not in use, no water will enter the interior, so maintenance is easy.

Furthermore, since each time diving is filled with 4 to 5 liters of oxygen or mixed gas, only one small cartridge is required and there is no waste of the cartridge. In addition, it is possible to fill the gas from a large cylinder, and it is possible to supply an appropriate breathing gas, which is economical. In addition, since it can be used as a breathing gas-filled type, it is possible to immediately detect a gas shortage due to consumption of breathing gas due to difficulty in breathing, and it is possible to use safely.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the breathing apparatus, FIG. 2 is a view for explaining a use state, and FIG. 3 is a conventional breathing apparatus. FIG. 11 ... Breathing chamber, 12 ... Mouthpiece, 13 ... Filling port, 14
...... Intake side check valve, 15 …… Exhalation side check valve, 16 …… Passage,
17 …… Stop valve, 19 …… Cartridge (gas container), 21 ……
Valve, 22 …… ring-shaped tube, 23 …… tube, 24 …… carbon dioxide remover.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An exhalation-side check valve at one end of a breathing chamber provided with a mouthpiece for breathing and provided with a filling port for a breathing gas such as oxygen or a mixed gas thereof, and at the other end. An exhalation-side check valve is provided, and the expiratory-side check valve side and the inhalation-side check valve side of the breathing chamber are connected by a flexible annular tube that is expandable and expandable through a carbon dioxide gas absorption section. A breathing apparatus which forms a closed circuit in which breathing gas supplied from the filling port circulates, wherein the filling port opens when a connecting end of oxygen or a mixed gas container is connected, and the connecting end is opened. A breathing apparatus comprising a valve that closes when removed, and an opening / closing switching valve disposed in a passage between the mouthpiece and the breathing chamber.